24cs102 Unit - II
24cs102 Unit - II
2
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24CS102
SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT PRACTICES
4
1. CONTENTS
Page
S. No. Contents
No
1 Contents 5
2 Course Objectives 6
3 Pre Requisites 7
4 Syllabus 8
5 Course Outcomes 11
7 Lecture Plan 13
9 Lecture Notes 15
10 Assignments 76
16 Assessment Schedule 86
5
2. COURSE OBJECTIVES
6
3. PRE REQUISITES
6
4. Syllabus
SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT PRACTICES L T P C
24CS102
(Theory Course with Laboratory Component) 3 0 3 4.5
OBJECTIVES:
∙ To discuss the essence of agile development methods.
∙ To set up and create a GitHub repository.
∙ To create interactive websites using HTML
∙ To design interactive websites using CSS.
∙ To develop dynamic web page using Javascript.
UNIT I AGILE SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT, Git AND GitHub 9+9
Software Engineering Practices – Waterfall Model - Agility – Agile Process –Extreme
Programming - Agile Process Models – Adaptive Software Development – Scrum –
Dynamic Systems Development Method – Crystal – Feature Driven Development – Lean
Software Development – Agile Modeling – Agile Unified Process – Tool set for Agile
Process.
Introduction to Git – Setting up a Git Repository - Recording Changes to the Repository -
Viewing the Commit History - Undoing Things - Working with Remotes -Tagging - Git
Aliases- Git Branching - Branches in a Nutshell - Basic Branching and Merging - Branch
Management - Branching Workflows - Remote Branches - Rebasing.
Introduction to GitHub – Set up and Configuration - Contribution to Projects, Maintaining
a Project – Scripting GitHub.
List of Exercise/Experiments:
1. Form a Team, Decide on a project:
a) Create a repository in GitHub for the team.
b) Choose and follow a Git workflow
• Each team member can create a StudentName.txt file with contents about
themselves and the team project
• Each team member can create a branch, commit the file with a proper
commit message and push the branch to remote GitHub repository.
• Team members can now create a Pull request to merge the branch to
master branch or main development branch.
• The Pull request can have two reviewers, one peer team member and one
faculty. Reviewers can give at least one comment for Pull Request updating.
• Once pull request is reviewed and merged, the master or main
development branch will have files created by all team members.
2. Create a web page with at least three links to different web pages. Each of the web
pages is to be designed by a team member. Follow Git workflow, pull request and peer
reviews.
UNIT II HTML 9+9
Introduction – Web Basics – Multitier Application Architecture – Client Side Scripting
versus Server-side Scripting – HTML5 – Headings – Linking – Images– Special Characters
and Horizontal Rules – Lists – Tables – Forms – Internal Linking – meta Elements – Form
input Types – input and datalist Elements – Page-Structure Elements.
List of Exercise/Experiments:
1. Create web pages using the following:
• Tables and Lists
• Image map
• Forms and Form elements
• Frames
UNIT III CSS 9+9
Inline Styles – Embedded Style Sheets – Conflicting Styles – Linking External Style Sheets
– Positioning Elements – Backgrounds – Element Dimensions – Box Model and Text Flow –
Media Types and Media Queries – Drop-Down Menus – Text Shadows – Rounded Corners
– Colour – Box Shadows – Linear Gradients – Radial Gradients – Multiple Background
Images – Image Borders – Animations – Transitions and Transformations – Flexible Box
Layout Module – Multicolumn Layout.
List of Exercise/Experiments:
1. Apply Cascading style sheets for the web pages created.
UNIT IV JAVASCRIPT BASICS 9+9
Introduction to Scripting – Obtaining user input – Memory Concepts – Arithmetic –
Decision Making: Equality and Relational Operators – JavaScript Control Statements –
Functions – Program Modules – Programmer-defined functions – Scope rules – functions –
Recursion – Arrays – Declaring and Allocating Arrays – References and Reference
Parameters – Passing Arrays to Functions – Multidimensional arrays.
List of Exercise/Experiments:
1. Form Validation (Date, Email, User name, Password and Number validation) using
JavaScript.
UNIT V JAVASCRIPT OBJECTS 9+9
Objects – Math, String, and Date, Boolean and Number, document Object – Using
JSON to Represent objects – DOM: Objects and Collections – Event Handling.
List of Exercise/Experiments:
Implement Event Handling in the web pages.
Mini Projects : Develop any one of the following web applications (not limited to one)
using above technologies.
REFERENCES:
1. Roman Pichler, “Agile Product Management with Scrum Creating Products that Customers
Love”, Pearson Education, 1st Edition, 2010.
2. Jeffrey C and Jackson, “Web Technologies A Computer Science Perspective”,
Pearson Education, 2011.
3. Stephen Wynkoop and John Burke, “Running a Perfect Website”, QUE,
2nd Edition, 1999.
4. Chris Bates, “Web Programming – Building Intranet Applications”, 3rd
Edition, Wiley Publications, 2009.
5. Gopalan N.P. and Akilandeswari J., “Web Technology”, Second Edition,
Prentice Hall of India, 2014.
6. https://infyspringboard.onwingspan.com/web/ en/app/toc/
lex_auth_013382690411003904735_shared/overview
7. https://infyspringboard.onwingspan.com/web/e n/app/
toc/lex_auth_0130944214274703362099_share d/overview
LIST OF EQUIPMENTS:
1. Systems with either Netbeans or Eclipse
2. Java/JSP/ISP Webserver/Apache
3. Tomcat / MySQL / Dreamweaver or
4. Equivalent/ Eclipse, WAMP/XAMP
5. Course Outcomes
CO2 Apply version control using Git and GitHub, and manage code K6
repositories proficiently.
CO4 Analyze problems and create solutions using CSS for better web page K6
presentation and usability.
K6 Evaluation
K5 Synthesis
K4 Analysis
K3 Application
K2 Comprehension
K1 Knowledge
11
6. CO-PO/PSO Mapping
CO1 1 3 3 3 1 1 1 - - 2 1 2 1 2 2 1
CO2 2 3 2 3 1 2 1 - - 2 1 2 1 - 2 -
CO3 3 3 3 3 1 2 1 - 1 2 1 2 1 2 - 2
CO4 4 3 3 3 1 2 1 - - 2 1 2 1 - 2 2
CO5 5 3 3 3 1 2 1 - 1 2 1 2 1 2 - 2
CO6 6 3 2 3 1 2 1 - 1 2 1 2 1 - 2 -
CO 3 3 3 1 2 1 - 1 2 1 2 1 2 2 2
11/15/2022 12
7. LECTURE PLAN : UNIT – II
HTML
UNIT – II HTML
Highest
S. Proposed Actual Cognitive Mode of Delivery
Topic CO LU Outcomes Remark
No Lecture Lecture Level Delivery Resources
Date Date
MD1,MD4
& HTML5 ,Headings
3 HTML5 ,Headings K3 T1
05.10.2024 05.10.2024 MD5
4 K3 MD1,MD4 T1
Linking,Images & Linking,Images
07.10.2024 07.10.2024
CO3 MD5
MD1,MD4
6 Tables K3 & T1 Tables
09.10.2024 09.10.2024 MD5
7 K3 MD1,MD4
&
10.10.2024 Forms,Internal Linking 10.10.2024 Forms,Internal Linking
MD5
T1
MD1,MD4
meta Elements meta Elements
&
8 Form input Types K3 T1 Form input Types
15.10.2024 15.10.2024 MD5
13
8. ACTIVITY BASED LEARNING – UNIT II
Create your own mind map diagram for all the html tags and components.
11
Lecture Notes
UNIT II - HTML
Introduction – Web Basics – Multitier Application Architecture – Client Side Scripting
versus Server-side Scripting – HTML5 – Headings – Linking – Images–Special
Characters and Horizontal Rules – Lists – Tables – Forms – Internal Linking – meta
Elements – Form input Types – input and datalist Elements – Page-Structure
Elements.
9. LECTURE NOTES
2.1 INTRODUCTION
HTML stands for HyperText Markup Language and it is used to design web pages using
a markup language.
HTML is the combination of Hypertext and Markup language.
Hypertext defines the link between web pages.
A markup language is used to define the text document within the tag which defines the
structure of web pages.
This language is used to annotate (make notes for the computer) text so that a machine can
understand it and manipulate text accordingly.
Most markup languages (e.g. HTML) are human-readable.
The language uses tags to define what manipulation has to be done on the text.
HTML uses predefined tags and elements which tell the browser how to properly display the
content.
Remember to include closing tags.
If omitted, the browser applies the effect of the opening tag until the end of the page.
The components located at network computers coordinate and communicate their actions
only by passing messages.
It is a collection of multiple systems situated at different nodes but appears to the user as a
single system
It provides a single data communication network which can be managed separately by
different networks
An example: Different clients are connected with LAN architecture on one side and on the
other side they are connected to high – speed switches along with a rack of servers
containing servicing nodes.
2.4.CLIENT-SIDE SCRIPTING VERSUS SERVER-SIDE SCRIPTING
The scripts may be created in two ways:
2.4.1 CLIENT SIDE
Client-side means that the processing takes place on the user’s computer.
It requires browsers to run the scripts on the client machine without involving any
processing on the server.
These scripts are typically embedded into HTML text.
Client-side scripting may be utilized to check the user's form for problems before submitting
it and to change the content based on the user input.
The web needs three components to function: client, database, and server.
The client-side scripting may significantly reduce server demand.
It is intended to be utilized as a scripting language with a web browser as the host
program.
2.4.2 SERVER SIDE:
Server-side scripting is a programming technique for creating code that may run software
on the server side.
In other words, server-side scripting is any scripting method that may operate on a web
server.
At the server end, actions such as website customization, dynamic changes in website
content, response creation to user requests, database access, and many more are carried
out.
Server-side scripting creates a communication channel between a server and a client.
Primary Function The main function of this The main purpose of this
scripting is to manipulate scripting is to give the
and grant access to the requested output to the
requested database. end-user.
<!doctype html>
<!Doctype Html>
HTML 5 Doctype:
<!DOCTYPE html>
2.7 LINKS
The Web is based on hyperlinks. HTML links are hyperlinks. A hyperlink is a text or an image
you can click on, and jump to another document.
[anchor] tag is used to create various types of hyperlinks.
The href attribute specifies the url or the path to the destination (http://rmkec.ac.in/) [anchor]
tag is followed by the link text.
The link text is the visible part.
Clicking on the link text, will send you to the specified address.
This tag defines the relationship between a document and an external resource (most used to
link to style sheets).
This tag defines navigation links.
The target attribute specifies where to open the linked document.
2.7.1 HTML Links - Syntax
The HTML <a> tag defines a hyperlink. It has the following syntax:
<a href="url">link text</a>
The most important attribute of the <a> element is the href attribute, which indicates the
link's destination.
The link text is the part that will be visible to the reader.
Clicking on the link text, will send the reader to the specified URL address.
If the web server cannot locate a requested document, it returns an error indication to the web
browser, and the browser displays a web page containing an error message to the user.
Example
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<h1>HTML Links</h1>
<a href="https://www.google.com/">Google!</a>
<p><a >href="http://www.rmkec.ac.in/">Visit RMK Group of Insitution.com!</a></p>
</body>
</html>
Output
HTML Links
Google!
Visit RMK Group of Insitution.com!
2.7.2 HTML Links - The target attribute
By default, the linked page will be displayed in the current browser window.
To change this, you must specify another target for the link.
The target attribute specifies where to open the linked document.
Target Value Description
_self - Default. Opens the document in the same window/tab as it was clicked
_blank - Opens the document in a new window or tab
_parent - Opens the document in the parent frame
_top - Opens the document in the full body of the window
Example
Use target="_blank" to open the linked document in a new browser window or tab:
<a href="https://www.google.com/" target="_blank">Visit Google!</a>
Output
The target Attribute
Visit Google!
If target="_blank", the link will open in a new browser window or tab.
2.7.3 Use an Image as a Link
To use an image as a link, just put the <img> tag inside the <a> tag:
Example
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>HTML Image as link</title>
</head>
<body>
The following image works as a link:<br>
<a href="https://www.qries.com/">
<img src="https://www.qries.com/images/banner_logo.png" alt="Qries"
width="150" height="70">
</a>
</body>
</html>
Output
2.7.4 Link to an Email Address
Use mailto: inside the href attribute to create a link that opens the user's email program (to
let them send a new email):
Example
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<h2>Link to an Email Address</h2>
<p>To create a link that opens in the user's email program (to let them send a new email), use
mailto: inside the href attribute:</p>
<p><a href="mailto:[email protected]">Send email</a></p>
</body>
</html>
Output
Syntax
<img src="url" alt="alternate text">
Example
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<h2>HTML Image</h2>
<img src="pic_trulli.jpg" alt="Trulli" width="500" height="333">
</body>
</html>
Output
If a browser cannot find an image, it will display the value of the alt attribute:
Example
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<p>If a browser cannot find the image, it will display the alternate text:</p>
<img src="wrongname.gif" alt="Flowers in Chania">
</body>
</html>
Output:
The alt attribute defines an alternate text for the image, if it can't be displayed.
The value of the alt attribute describes the image in words.
3) width:
It is an optional attribute which is used to specify the width to display the image.
4) height
Symbols that are not present on your keyboard can also be added by using entities.
Many mathematical, technical, and currency symbols, are not present on a normal keyboard.
To add such symbols to an HTML page, you can use the entity name or the entity number (a
decimal or a hexadecimal reference) for the symbol.
Example
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<h1>Mathematical Symbol Example</h1>
<h2>The for-all symbol: ∀</h2>
</body>
</html>
Output
Mathematical Symbol Example
The for-all symbol: ∀
Example
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<h1>Mathematical Symbol Example</h1>
<h2>The partial differential symbol: ∂</h2>
</body>
</html>
Output
Mathematical Symbol Example
The partial differential symbol: ∂
2.11 LISTS
HTML Lists are used to specify lists of information. All lists may contain one or more list
elements. There are three different types of HTML lists:
1. Ordered List or Numbered List (ol)
2. Unordered List or Bulleted List (ul)
3. Description List or Definition List (dl)
Type Description
Type "1" This is the default type. In this type, the list items are numbered with numbers.
Type "I" In this type, the list items are numbered with upper case roman numbers.
Type "i" In this type, the list items are numbered with lower case roman numbers.
Type "A" In this type, the list items are numbered with upper case letters.
Type "a" In this type, the list items are numbered with lower case letters.
Example
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<h2>An ordered HTML list</h2>
<ol>
<li>Coffee</li>
<li>Tea</li>
<li>Milk</li>
</ol>
</body>
</html>
Output
An ordered HTML list
Coffee
Tea
Milk
2.11.2 HTML Unordered List or Bulleted List
It displays elements in bulleted format .
We can use an unordered list where we do not need to display items in any particular order.
The HTML ul tag is used for the unordered list.
There can be 4 types of bulleted list:
1. disc
2. circle
3. square
4. none
To represent different ordered lists, there are 4 types of attributes in <ul> tag.
Type Description
Type "disc" This is the default style. In this style, the list items are marked with
bullets.
Type "circle" In this style, the list items are marked with circles.
Type "square" In this style, the list items are marked with squares.
Type "none" In this style, the list items are not marked.
Example
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<h2>An unordered HTML list</h2>
<ul>
<li>Coffee</li>
<li>Tea</li>
<li>Milk</li>
</ul>
</body>
</html>
Output
An unordered HTML list
Coffee
Tea
Milk
2.11.3 HTML Description List or Definition List
HTML Description list is also a list style which is supported by HTML and XHTML.
It is also known as definition list where entries are listed like a dictionary or encyclopedia.
The definition list is very appropriate when you want to present a glossary, list of terms or
other name-value list.
The HTML definition list contains following three tags:
<dl> tag defines the start of the list.
<dt> tag defines a term.
<dd> tag defines the term definition (description).
Example
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<h2>A Description List</h2>
<dl>
<dt>Coffee</dt>
<dd>- black hot drink</dd>
<dt>Milk</dt>
<dd>- white cold drink</dd>
</dl>
</body>
</html>
Output
A Description List
Coffee
- black hot drink
Milk
- white cold drink
2.11.4 HTML Nested List
Example
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Nested list</title>
</head>
<body>
<p>List of Indian States with thier capital</p>
<ol>
<li>Delhi
<ul>
<li>NewDelhi</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Haryana
<ul>
<li>Chandigarh</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Gujarat
<ul>
<li>Gandhinagar</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Rajasthan
<ul>
<li>Jaipur</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Maharashtra
<ul>
<li>Mumbai</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li>Uttarpradesh
<ul>
<li>Lucknow</li></ul>
</li>
</ol>
</body>
</html>
2.12 TABLES
HTML table tag is used to display data in tabular form (row * column).
There can be many columns in a row.
We can create a table to display data in tabular form, using <table> element, with the help of
<tr> , <td>, and <th> elements.
In Each table, table row is defined by <tr> tag, table header is defined by <th>, and table
data is defined by <td> tags.
HTML tables are used to manage the layout of the page e.g. header section, navigation bar,
body content, footer section etc.
But it is recommended to use the div tag over the table to manage the layout of the page.
2.12.1 HTML Table Tags
Tag Description
<col> It is used with <colgroup> element to specify column properties for each
column.
Here, the border is an attribute of <table> tag and it is used to put a border across all the
cells.
If you do not need a border, then you can use border = "0".
2.12.3 Table Heading
Table heading can be defined using <th> tag.
This tag will be put to replace <td> tag, which is used to represent actual data cell.
Normally you will put your top row as table heading as shown below, otherwise you can use
<th> element in any row.
Headings, which are defined in <th> tag are centered and bold by default.
Example
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>HTML Table Header</title>
</head>
<body>
<table border = "1">
<tr>
<th>Name</th>
<th>Salary</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Ramesh Raman</td>
<td>5000</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Shabbir Hussein</td>
<td>7000</td>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>
Output
2.13 FORMS
An HTML form is used to collect user input.
The user input is most often sent to a server for processing.
The <form> Element
<form> is a HTML element to collect input data containing interactive controls.
It provides facilities to input text, number, values, email, password, and control fields such as
checkboxes, radio buttons, submit buttons, etc., or in other words, form is a container that
contains input elements like text, email, number, radio buttons, checkboxes, submit buttons,
etc.
Forms are generally used when you want to collect data from the user.
For example, a user wants to buy a bag online, so he/she has to first enter their shipping
address in the address form and then add their payment details in the payment form to place
an order.
syntax
<form>
<!--form elements-->
</form>
2.13.1 Form elements
These are the following HTML <form> elements:
<label>: It defines a label for <form> elements.
<input>: It is used to get input data from the form in various types such as text, password,
email, etc by changing its type.
<button>: It defines a clickable button to control other elements or execute a functionality.
<select>: It is used to create a drop-down list.
<textarea>: It is used to input long text content.
<fieldset>: It is used to draw a box around other form elements and group the related data.
<legend>: It defines captions for fieldset elements.
<datalist>: It is used to specify pre-defined list options for input controls.
<output>: It displays the output of performed calculations.
<option>: It is used to define options in a drop-down list.
<optgroup>: It is used to define group-related options in a drop-down list.
2.13.1.1 The <input> Element
The HTML <input> element is the most used form element.
An <input> element can be displayed in many ways, depending on the type attribute.
Here are some examples:
Type Description
<input type="text"> Displays a single-line text input field
<input type="radio"> Displays a radio button (for selecting one of many choices)
<input type="checkbox"> Displays a checkbox (for selecting zero or more of many
choices)
<input type="submit"> Displays a submit button (for submitting the form)
<input type="button"> Displays a clickable button
2.13.1.1 Text Fields
The <input type="text"> defines a single-line input field for text input.
Example
A form with input fields for text:
<form>
<label for="fname">First name:</label><br>
<input type="text" id="fname" name="fname"><br>
<label for="lname">Last name:</label><br>
<input type="text" id="lname" name="lname">
</form>
Output
Value Description
<form>
<label for="favcolor">Select your favorite color:</label>
<input type="color" id="favcolor" name="favcolor">
</form>
Output:
HTML5 HTML
HTML5 has high-level video and audio High-level video and audio support is not a part of
support. the version and specifications in the previous HTML.
Doctype declaration is simple and easy. Doctype declaration is long and complicated..
Allows drag and drop effect. Does not allow drag and drop effect.
Attributes of Async, charset, and ping These attributes are not available in HTML.
are available.
HTML5 supports javascript to run in the Does not support javascript to run within the
background. web browser.
14. What is <!DOCTYPE>? What are the different types of <!DOCTYPE> that are
available? CO3 K3
The <!DOCTYPE> declaration provides instruction to the web browser to understand what
information it should display, and the need to start with <!DOCTYPE> declaration. In HTML5,
DOCTYPE declaration is very short, and case-insensitive, and <!DOCTYPE html> is written at
the top of every HTML5 page.
The following DOCTYPE are also supported in HTML5:
<!DocTYpe html>
<!dOCtype html>
<!doctype html>
15. What is a tag in HTML5? CO3 K3
A tag is a special content in HTML5, which is surrounded by an angle bracket (<,>). A slash (/)
symbol is used to close the tag after completing the block.
For Example
<title> This is my Browser </title>
An Html5 tag is a set of characters that develop a formatted command for a web page. These
formatted commands communicate and send the instruction to the Browser.
16. What is the importance of Drag and Drop in HTML5? CO3 K3
Drag and Drop is the most important User Interface concept which makes it easy to grab an
object and Drag it at the place you want with the help of a mouse click.
Some common features that are mostly used by Drag and Drop operation include move, link or
copy.
We can drag an image using elements, type = <img draggable = “true”>, to make an image
draggable and set the draggable image attribute to true.
17. What is a hyperlink? Does it only apply to text? CO3 K3
The hyperlink is a link that allows a user to move from one web page to another web page when
clicked. Hyperlink concept is used on text and as well as image, and we can convert an image
into a link with the help of <a href = “ ”….</a>> tags.
18. List out the page structure elements of HTML5. CO3 K3
Page structure elements of HTML5 are given below:
<header>: Represents the header section and stores the starting information about the web
page.
<footer>: Represents the footer section (last portion) of the page.
<nav>: Represents the navigation elements of the HTML page.
<article>: It is a set of information.
<section>: It is a set of instructions that is used inside the article block to define the basic
structure of a page.
<aside>: Sidebar content of the page.
19. How many web browsers does HTML5 support? CO3 K3
Most of the latest versions of Apple Safari, Google Chrome, Opera, Internet Explorer, and Mozilla
Firefox are supported by HTML5.
20. What is cellpadding and cellspacing? CO3 K3
The cell padding allows to have some space between the contents of each cell and its borders.
The distance between each cell is called cell spacing.
12. PART B QUESTIONS : UNIT – II
(CO3 , K3)
COURSERA
https://www.coursera.org/learn/html
https://www.coursera.org/learn/html-css-javascript-for-web-develo
pers
https://www.coursera.org/projects/introduction-to-html
https://www.coursera.org/professional-certificates/meta-front-end-
developer
https://www.coursera.org/professional-certificates/ibm-full-stack-cl
oud-developer
UDEMY
https://www.udemy.com/course/hmtl5-training/
https://www.udemy.com/course/learn-html5-programming-from-scr
atch/
https://www.udemy.com/course/takethefirststep/
NPTEL
https://onlinecourses.swayam2.ac.in/aic20_sp11/preview
14. REAL TIME APPLICATIONS : UNIT – II
Offline Support: PWAs can function without an internet connection by caching resources,
allowing users to continue using them even when they're offline.
Installable: Users can "install" the web app on their device's home screen, making it
accessible just like a native app, without needing to download it from an app store.
Responsive: PWAs are responsive by design, meaning they work across a variety of devices
and screen sizes, from mobile phones to desktops.
Push Notifications: They can send push notifications to users, helping maintain
engagement even when the app isn’t open.
Fast Loading Times: With caching and service workers, PWAs load quickly, even in low
network conditions.
Benefits of PWAs:
Better Performance: PWAs improve loading speed and responsiveness, leading to a better
user experience.
Offline Capabilities: They provide access to core features even without an internet
connection.
Cross-Platform Compatibility: PWAs work across different platforms (Android, iOS,
desktop), reducing the need to develop separate native apps for each.
SEO-Friendly: Since PWAs are web-based, they can be indexed by search engines,
improving discoverability.
Low Storage: PWAs consume less space compared to native apps, as they are accessed via
the browser and don't require installation of heavy files.
15. CONTENT BEYOND SYLLABUS : UNIT – II
What is XML?
Why XML?
TEXT BOOKS
1. Roger S. Pressman, “Software Engineering: A Practitioner‘s Approach”, McGraw Hill
International Edition, Ninth Edition, 2020.
2. Scott Chacon, Ben Straub, “Pro GIT”, Apress Publisher, 3rd Edition, 2014.
3. Deitel and Deitel and Nieto, “Internet and World Wide Web - How to Program”, Pearson, 5th
Edition, 2018.
REFERENCE BOOKS
1 Roman Pichler, “Agile Product Management with Scrum Creating Products that Customers
Love”, Pearson Education, 1st Edition, 2010.
2. Jeffrey C and Jackson, “Web Technologies A Computer Science Perspective”, Pearson
Education, 2011.
3. Stephen Wynkoop and John Burke, “Running a Perfect Website”, QUE, 2nd Edition, 1999.
4. Chris Bates, “Web Programming – Building Intranet Applications”, 3rd Edition, Wiley
Publications, 2009.
5. Gopalan N.P. and Akilandeswari J., “Web Technology”, Second Edition, Prentice Hall of India,
2014.
6. https://infyspringboard.onwingspan.com/web/en/app/toc/
lex_auth_013382690411003904735_shared/overview
7. https://infyspringboard.onwingspan.com/web/en/app/
toc/lex_auth_0130944214274703362099_shared/overview
18. MINI PROJECT SUGGESTIONS
1. Multi-Tier Web Application with Advanced HTML5 Features: Create a fully
functional multi-tier web application layout using advanced HTML5 features. Include
sections like <header>, <nav>, <main>, <section>, <article>, and <footer>.
Implement complex forms with various input types, use <datalist> for autocomplete, and
employ internal linking for navigation. Add meta elements for SEO optimization and utilize
<figure> and <figcaption> for images and captions.
4. Online Learning Platform Landing Page: Create a landing page for an online
learning platform. Include sections for course listings, instructor profiles, and user
testimonials using HTML5 elements. Use tables for course schedules and pricing, lists for
course features, and images for visual appeal. Implement internal linking for smooth
navigation between different sections of the landing page and include a form for user
sign-ups or inquiries.
5. Contact Information Page: Develop a simple contact information page for a small
business or personal site. Include basic elements such as a contact form with fields for
name, email, and message, along with contact details like phone number and address.
Use <address>, <form>, and <input> elements to create a straightforward page. Focus
on correct usage of HTML tags and basic layout structure.
Thank you
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