GenMath Module 30 Solving Problems Involving Simple and Compound Interest
GenMath Module 30 Solving Problems Involving Simple and Compound Interest
General Mathematics
Module 30:
Solving Problems Involving Simple and
Compound Interest
1
General Mathematics
Grade 11/12 - Module 30: Solving Problems Involving Simple and Compound
Interest
First Edition, 2020
Copyright © 2020
La Union Schools Division
Region I
All rights reserved. No part of this module may be reproduced in any form
without written permission from the copyright owners.
Management Team:
2
11/12
General
Mathematics
Quarter 2: Week 2 – Module 2
Solving Problems Involving Simple and
Compound Interest
3
Target
There are different methods that you can use to compute for the interest of
your money in any investments. The common method that you may have
encountered in your previous lessons is the simple interest rate. In simple interest,
you relate money in terms of your investment. The other interest rate is called the
compound interest.
In your previous lesson, you have learned to illustrate simple and compound
interests. Your knowledge in computing the interest, maturity value, future value
and present value will be useful in solving problems involving simple and compound
interest.
In this module, you need to apply the previous concepts to solve problems
dealing with interests and apply them in dealing with daily life problems which you
may encounter.
Subtasks:
Before going on, check how much you know about this topic. Answer
the pre-test on the next page in a separate sheet of paper.
1
Pre-Test
Directions: Read and analyze each item carefully. Write the letter of the best answer
using a separate sheet of paper.
2. Which of the following is the amount paid or earned for the use of money?
A. Bonds B. Interest C. Loans D. Stocks
5. A loan institution charges 9% simple interest to P 70, 000 loan for 3 years.
What is the interest on the loan?
A. P 15, 000.00 C. P 20, 000.00
B. P 18, 900.00 D. P 22, 900.00
10. What is the interest rate in a conversion period (j) if the annual interest rate
is 7.5% compounded quarterly?
A. 0.050 B. 0.01875 C. 0.125 D. 0.575
2
11. What will be the total number of conversion periods if money is compounded
quarterly with 2 years and 6 months term?
A. 4 B. 6 C. 8 D. 10
13. Mr. De Jesus made an investment for 5 years with an interest rate of 6%
compounded semi-annually. What is the frequency of conversion?
A. 2 B. 4 C. 6 D. 12
14. What will be the interest rate in a conversion period if the annual interest rate
is 16% compounded quarterly?
A. 4% B. 40% C. 0.004% D. 4.05%
15. What is the compounding frequency if the total number of conversion periods
is 12 and the term is 6 years?
A. Annually B. Quarterly C. Monthly D. Semi-annually
3
Jumpstart
Questions:
Direction: Write the letter of the correct answer in a separate sheet of paper.
4
Discover
Simple Interest
Simple interest is charged only on the loan amount called the principal. Thus,
interest on the interest previously is not included. Simple interest is calculated by
multiplying the principal by the rate of interest by the number of payment periods in
a year.
𝐼𝑠 = 𝑃𝑟𝑡
where:
𝐼𝑠 = simple interest
P = principal, or the amount invested or borrowed
r = simple interest rate
t = term or time in years
Examples:
1. What will be the interest earned for a loan of P 25, 000 at 12% simple interest
for 5 years?
𝐼𝑠 = 𝑃𝑟𝑡
𝐼𝑠 = (25, 000)(0.12)(5)
𝐼𝑠 = 15, 000
The interest earned is P 15, 000.
2. When invested at an annual interest rate of 6%, the amount earned P 10, 500
of simple interest in 2 years. How much money was originally invested?
5
Given: P = 400, 000 t = 3 years 𝐼𝑠 = 150, 500
Find: r
Solution:
𝐼𝑠
𝑟=
𝑃𝑡
150,500
𝑟=
(400,000)(3)
𝑟 = 0.125 = 12.5%
The bank charged an annual interest rate of 12.5%.
4. How long will P 100, 000 earn a simple interest of P 20, 000 at 2% per annum?
5. How much interest is charged when P 50, 000 is borrowed for 9 months at an
annual interest rate of 10%?
Note: To convert units of time from months to years, use these formulae:
𝑛𝑜.𝑜𝑓 𝑚𝑜𝑛𝑡ℎ𝑠
Time in months 𝑡=
12
Find: 𝐼𝑠
Solution:
𝐼𝑠 = 𝑃𝑟𝑡
𝐼𝑠 = (50, 000)(0.10)(0.75)
𝐼𝑠 = 3, 750
Solution:
a. Given: P = P 120,000 r = 8% or 0.08 t = 2 years
Find: 𝐼𝑠
𝐼𝑠 = 𝑃𝑟𝑡
𝐼𝑠 = (120,000)(0.08)(2)
6
𝐼𝑠 = 19, 200
9
b. Given: P = 120,000 r = 8% or 0.08 t = 9 months or year
12
Find: 𝐼𝑠
𝐼𝑠 = 𝑃𝑟𝑡
9
𝐼𝑠 = (120,000)(0.08) ( )
12
𝐼𝑠 = 7, 200
18
c. Given: P = 120,000 r = 8% or 0.08 t = 18 months or year
12
Find: 𝐼𝑠
𝐼𝑠 = 𝑃𝑟𝑡
18
𝐼𝑠 = (120,000)(0.08) ( )
12
𝐼𝑠 = 14, 400
7. Calculate the interest if you get a loan of P 200, 000 from a bank at 10.5%
interest rate for 180 days.
Note: To convert units of time from days to years, use these formulas:
𝑛𝑜.𝑜𝑓 𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠
Time in days (for exact method) 𝑡=
365
𝑛𝑜.𝑜𝑓 𝑑𝑎𝑦𝑠
Time in days (for ordinary method) 𝑡=
360
Find: 𝐼𝑠
Solution:
𝐼𝑠 = 𝑃𝑟𝑡
180
𝐼𝑠 = (200,000)(0.105) ( )
365
𝐼𝑠 = P 10, 356. 17
Compound Interest
Many banks savings account pays compound interest. In this case, the
interest is added to the account at regular intervals, and the sum becomes the new
basis for computing interest. Compound interest is a type of interest where the
amount of interest generated in terms of year is based on both the starting amount
and the previously earned interest.
7
Future Value (F) at Compound Interest
𝐹 = 𝑃(1 + 𝑟)𝑡
where
𝐹 = 𝑃(1 + 𝑟)𝑡
𝐹 = (25,000)(1 + 0.045)3
𝐹 = 28,529.15
𝐼𝑐 = 𝐹 − 𝑃
𝐼𝑐 = 28,529.15 − 25,000
𝐼𝑐 = 3,529.15
2. If Mr. Dela Cruz is investing P 200,00 with compound interest rate of 3.5%
for 10 years, how much is the money of Mr. Dela Cruz after 10 years? How
much does he earn?
𝐹 = 𝑃(1 + 𝑟)𝑡
𝐹 = (200,000)(1 + 0.035)10
𝐹 = 282,119.75
𝐼𝑐 = 𝐹 − 𝑃
8
𝐼𝑐 = 282,119.75 − 200,000
𝐼𝑐 = 82,119.75
Mr. Dela Cruz will have P 282,119.75 after 10 years of investment using the
interest that is compounded annually. He actually earned P 82,119.75 after
10 years.
3. What are the amounts of interest and maturity value of a loan for P 20,000 at
6% compound interest for 3 years?
𝐹 = 𝑃(1 + 𝑟)𝑡
𝐹 = (20, 000)(1 + 0.06)3
𝐹 = 23, 820. 32
𝐼𝑐 = 𝐹 − 𝑃
𝐼𝑐 = 23, 820. 32 − 20, 000
𝐼𝑐 = 3, 820. 32
4. Ms. Bautista aims to have his investment grow to P 600, 000 in 4 years. How
much should she invest in an account that pays 5% compounded annually?
600, 000
𝑃=
(1 + 0.05)4
𝑃 = 493, 621. 48
9
Maturity Value (F), Compounding m times a year
𝐹 = 𝑃(1 + 𝑗)𝑛
where:
F = maturity value
P = principal
j = rate of interest for each conversion period
𝑖𝑚 𝑎𝑛𝑛𝑢𝑎𝑙 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑠𝑡
𝑗= =
𝑚 𝑓𝑟𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑦 𝑜𝑓 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑠𝑖𝑜𝑛
t = term/time in years
n=txm
Examples:
1. Find the maturity value and interest if P 10, 000 is deposited in a bank at 2%
compounded quarterly for 5 years.
Given: P = 10,000 𝑖 𝑚 = 2% or 0.02 t= 5 years m=4
Find: F, 𝐼𝑐
Solution:
Compute for the interest rate in a conversion period (j)
𝑖 𝑚 0.02
𝑗= = = 0.005
𝑚 4
10
2. Allan borrows P 50, 000 and promises to pay the principal and interest at 12%
compounded monthly. How much must he repay after 6 years?
Michael will have P 5, 360.91in his account at the end of two years.
4. What is the present value of P 25, 000 due in 2 years and 6 months if money
is worth 10% compounded quarterly?
1
Given: F = 25, 000 𝑖 𝑚 = 10% or 0.10 t=2 years m=4
2
Find: P
Solution:
Compute for the interest rate in a conversion period (j)
𝑖 𝑚 0.10
𝑗= = = 0.025
𝑚 4
11
Compute for the total number of conversion periods (n)
1
𝑛 = 𝑚 𝑥 𝑡 = (4) (2 ) = 10
2
Compute for the present value
𝐹
𝑃=
(1+𝑗)𝑛
25,000
𝑃=
(1+0.025)10
𝑃 = 19, 529. 96
5. How much should you deposit in a bank that pays 2% compounded quarterly
to accumulate an amount of P 80, 000 in 6 years?
12
Explore
Here are some enrichment activities for you to work on to master and
strengthen the basic concepts you have learned from this lesson.
Assessment 1
Solve the following problems on simple and compound interests.
1. Irene invested P 25, 000 at 16% simple interest for 6 years.
a. How much interest will be earned?
b. What is the future value of the investment at the end of 6 years?
2. In a certain bank, Marie invested P 88, 000 in a time deposit that pays 1.5%
compound interest in a year. How much will be her money after 6 years? How
much interest will she gain?
13
5. When the total number of conversion periods is 12 and the term is 6 years,
then money is compounded _____________________.
Assessment 2
Solve the following problems. Show clean and neat solutions.
1. Kaye aims to accumulate an amount of P 180, 000 in 5 years and 6 months.
Find the present value on the following investments and tell which investment
requires a smaller principal.
a. Simple interest of 8.5%
b. 8.5% compounded semi-annually
Deepen
Directions: Analyze and solve the problem carefully. Show complete and
clean solutions.
Mr. Cruz thought of investing or saving some of his money after all the
leisure’s that he enjoyed. He believes in the saying “A penny saved is a penny is a
penny earned”. With P 20, 000 remaining cash on hand he plans to save it in a bank,
but he is still in doubt where to invest the money. Bank A offers him a simple interest
of 8.5% per annum. Bank B offers 8.5% compounded semi-annually. Help him solve
his problem by computing for the future value of his money every year until the 10th
year.
How much will be his money after 10 years? Which bank offers the best investment?
Why?
14
Your output will be graded using this rubrics.
Criteria Excellent Satisfactory Developing Beginning
10 points 8 points 5 points 2 points
Accuracy of the Shows accurate Shows solution Shows solution The solution is
Solution solution. with minimal with plenty of all erroneous.
errors. errors.
Mathematical Shows excellent Shows clear Shows limited Did not apply
Concept understanding understanding understanding the concept of
of the concept of of the concept of of the concept of solving
solving solving solving problems
problems problems problems involving simple
involving simple involving simple involving simple and compound
and compound and compound and compound interest.
interest. interest. interest.
Gauge
Directions: Read and analyze each item carefully. Write the letter of the best answer
using a separate sheet of paper.
1. When the annual interest rate is 16% compounded quarterly the interest rate
in a conversion period is _________________.
A. 4% B. 40% C. 0.004% D. 4.05%
15
6. Find the maturity value if Mark deposited P 35,000 in a bank at 3%
compounded semi-annually for 12 years.
A. P 45, 000.00 C. P 55, 000.00
B. P 50, 032.60 D. P 62, 275.50
9. When the total number of conversion periods is 72 and the term is 6 years,
then money is compounded ___________________.
A. Annually B. Quarterly C. Monthly D. Semi-annually
10. How much should you deposit in a bank so that it will accumulate to P 100,
000 at 2% simple annual interest for 10 years?
A. P 80, 000.00 C. P 85, 000.00
B. P 83, 333.33 D. P 88, 333.00
11. Peter borrowed P 100, 000 at 8% compounded annually. How much will he be
paying after 2 years?
A. P 116, 640.00 C. P 121, 650.00
B. P 161, 460.25 D. P 146, 608.75
13. Christian lends P 60, 000 for 4 years at 5% compounded semi-annually. Find
the future value.
A. P 70, 000.00 C. P 73, 104.17
B. P 72, 250.25 D. P 75, 257.36
16