COMPANY NAME Project: SAMPLE CALCULATIONS Engineer: YP

AND ADDRESS Date: 10/29/24

WeldGroup Subject: C-SHAPE WELD Checker:
Copyright © 2006 Date:

ECCENTRICALLY LOADED WELD GROUP ANALYSIS

This spreadsheet computes available
Measurement Units: US strength of eccentrically loaded weld
Fillet weld size, w = 0.25 in group under combined action of in
faying plane forces and forces normal
Electrode nominal strength, FEXX = 70 ksi
to the weld group. The forces in the
Adjusted for higher-strength electrode, f1FEXX = 70 ksi weld elements are calculated using
Weld shear capacity per unit length Instantaneous Center of Rotation
Method per AISC Steel Design Manual,
Allowable strength (ASD) Rn/W = (0.6)f1FEXX0.707w/2 = 3.712 kip/in 13th Edition.

Weld Group Geometry

Weld Node 1 Node 2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
No. X1 (in) Y1 (in) X2 (in) Y2 (in) 6
1 5 5 0 5
2 0 5 0 -5 4.7042495666064
3 0 -5 5 -5 4

0.000 0

-2

-4

-6
Welds Resultant Applied forces
Critical weld

Weld Group Properties

Total Length = 20 in Center of Gravity (C.G.) Instantaneous Center (IC)
Moment Ix = 333.333 in^4 XC = 1.25 in XIC = -0.48143 in
Inertia Iy = 52.0833 in^4 YC = 0 in YIC = 4.70425 in

File: 808308179.xls Page 1 of 11

COMPANY NAME Project: SAMPLE CALCULATIONS Engineer: YP
AND ADDRESS Date: 10/29/24
WeldGroup Subject: C-SHAPE WELD Checker:
Copyright © 2006 Date:

ECCENTRICALLY LOADED WELD GROUP ANALYSIS

Concentrated In-Plane Loads Out-of-Plane Loads

Location Angle Value
X (in) Y (in) b (deg) P (kip) Pz = 0 kip (positive for tension)
6.25 0 -150 100 Mx = 0 kip-in (top fibers in tension)
My = 0 kip-in (left fibers in tension)

In-Plane Force Resultants

Total force Pu = 100 kip
Px = S Pcos(bi) = -86.6025 kip
Py = S Psin(bi) = -50 kip
b= -150 deg
Moment about C.G. , MC = -250 kip-in
Eccentricity e = MC/Pu = -2.5 in
In-plane Moment Xp = Xc+ e*sin(b) = 2.5 in
Mz = 0 kip-in Yp = Yc-e*cos(b) = -2.16506 in

Analysis Results
1. Shear Capacity under in-Plane loads only
IC method of: Pn/W = 70.58 kip < 100 N.G. Analysis Status
Elastic method: Pn/W = 41.07 kip < 100 N.G. Solved !
2. Demand/Capacity check under combined in-plane and out-of-plane loads (LRFD method only)
Consider out of plane Tensile and Compressive Stresses

In-plane Normal Total Capacity D/C Ratio

Critical Weld Element Shear Force Shear
coordinates
X Y Vxy Vz Vu fVn Vu/fVn
(in) (in) (kip/in) (kip/in) (kip/in) (kip/in)
Maximum In-Plane Shear ### ### ### ### Err:504 Err:504 #VALUE!
Max/Min Normal Force ### ### ### ### ### ### #VALUE!
Maximum Total Shear ### ### Err:504 ### ### Err:504 #VALUE!
Maximum Vu/fVn Ratio ### ### Err:504 ### Err:504 Err:504 #VALUE!

File: 808308179.xls Page 2 of 11

 Project #

Page:

ANALYSIS
is spreadsheet computes available
ength of eccentrically loaded weld
oup under combined action of in
ying plane forces and forces normal
the weld group. The forces in the
ld elements are calculated using
tantaneous Center of Rotation
thod per AISC Steel Design Manual,
th Edition.

3 4 5 6 7
6

-2

-4

-6
esultant Applied forces

File: 808308179.xls Page 3 of 11

 Project #

Page:

ANALYSIS

Analysis Status

s (LRFD method only)

###

File: 808308179.xls Page 4 of 11

 ECCENTRICALLY LOADED WELD GROUP
ULTIMATE STRENGTH METHOD, AISC 13th Edition

Y
Po Py
Unit-Weld element

Px b
INSTANTANEOUS CENTER OF ROTATION METHOD

e This spreadsheet is using the Instantaneous Center of Rotation Method to determine shear
capacity of weld group. This method is described in AISC Steel Construction Manual (13th
C.G. (Xc,Yc) Edition).
lo
Eccentricity produces both a rotation and a translation of one connection element with
q (Xi,Yi) YP respect to the other. The combined effect of this rotation and translation is equivalent to a
mo aW rotation about a point defined as the instantaneous center of rotation (IC) as illustrated in
ri b Figure 8-4a. The location of the IC depends upon the geometry of the weld group as well
XP X as the direction and point of application of the load.
IC (Xo,Yo) The load deformation relationship for a unit length segment of weld is given by an
Ri
equation

Input Data: Spreadsheet Formulas: P = 0.6FEXX(1+0.5sin1.5q)[p(1.9-0.9p)]0.3

where
Inplane Forces Continuous weld formulas P = nominal shear strength of the weld segment at a deformation D, kips.
FEXX = weld electrode strength, ksi.
X, Y - coordinates of force vector. LW = SQRT((X2-X1)²+(Y2-Y1)²) - length
q = load angle measured relative to the weld longitudinal axis, degrees.
b - angle between force vector and aW=atan2(X2-X1,Y2-Y1) - angle to X-axis p = ratio of element deformation to its deformation at maximum stress.
X-axis measured controclockwise. Coordinates of center of gravity (C.G.)
P - force intensity (P>0). Xc=SUM(LW*(X1+X2)/2)/SUM(LW) The nominal shear strength of the weld group is governed by Du of the weld segment that
first reaches its limit, where
Mz - inplane moment (positive when Yc=SUM(LW*(Y1+Y2)/2)/SUM(LW)
Du = 1.087w(q+6)-0.65 <= 0.7w , where w is the weld leg size, in.
acting controclockwise). Coordinates of instantaneous center (IC)
Po - resultant force Xo = -losin(b) - mocos(b) + Xc The nominal shear strengths of the other unit-length weld segments in the joint can be
e - eccentricity to C.G. of weld group Yo = locos(b) - mosin(b) + Yc determined by applying a deformation A that varies linearly with distance from the IC. The
nominal shear strength of the weld group is, then, the sum of the individual strengths of
Mc = POe - total moment about C.G.
all weld segments. Because of the non-linear nature of the requisite iterative solution, for
Weld shear capacity per unit length: fRn = 0.75(0.6)FEXX(0.707w)f1 [force/length] sufficient accuracy, a minimum of twenty weld elements for the longest line segment is
f1 - electrode strength adjustment coefficient generally recommended.
(see sheet 'Input' for table) The individual resistance of each weld segment is assumed to act on a line perpendicular
Instantaneous Center of Rotation Method Formulas to a ray passing through the IC and the centroid of that weld segment, as illustrated in
Figure 8-4b. If the correct location of the instantaneous center has been selected, the
three equations of in-plane static equilibrium (SFx = 0, SFy = 0, SM = 0) will be satisfied.
Equlibrium equations: Unit-weld elements formulas
(1) SRsin(b) + Pusin(d) = 0 b = ATAN2(X-Xo,Y-Yo)-p/2 ELASTIC METHOD
(2) SRcos(b) + Pucos(d) = 0 q = aW - b
For a force applied as illustrated in Figure 8-4, the eccentric force, P U is resolved into a
(3) SRlr + Pu(e+lo) = 0 e = -(YP-Yc)cos(b) + (XP-Xc)sin(b)
force acting through the center of gravity (CG) of the weld group and a moment, P Ue,
qi = atan((Yi-Yo)/(Xi-Xo)) - p/2 where e is the eccentricity. Each weld element is then assumed to resist an equal share of
Equations variables: Po lo and mo ri = SQRT((Y-Yo)2+(X-Xo)2) the direct shear. PU and a share of the eccentric moment P U proportional to its distance
from the CG. The resultant vectorial sum of these forces r U is the required strength for the
Du=min(1.087(DEGREES(q)+6)-0.65w,0.17w) weld.
Dm=0.209(DEGREES(q)+6)-0.32w The shear per linear inch of weld due to the concentric force, r P. is determined as
rcrit corresponds to min(Du/Di) r P = P U/l
where
Di=Du(ri/rcrit)
l is the total length of the weld in the weld group. To determine the resultant shear per
p=Di/Dm linear inch of weld, rP must be resolved into horizontal component r PX = rPsinq and vertical
fR=fRn*L(1+0.5*SIN1.5(q))[p(1.9-0.9p)]0.3 componenet rPY = rPcosq

Elastic Method Formulas The shear per linear inch of weld due to the moment P Ue is rm = PUec/IP
Ip=1/3*S([(Y1-Yc)²+(Y1-Yc)(Y2-Yc)+(Y2-Yc)²+(X1-Xc)²+(X1-Xc)(X2-Xc)+(X2-Xc)²]*LW) where
c = radial distance from CG to point in weld group most remote from CG. in.
Ru=MAX(SQRT[(Px/SLW-Mc(Y-Yc)/Ip)²+(Py/SLW+Mc(X-Xc)/Ip)²)]
IP = polar moment of inertia of the weld group, in 4 per in2 (IP = Ix + Iy)
fP = Pu(fRn/Ru) Horizontal and vertical components of r m are: rmx = PUecy/IP and rmy = PUecx/IP where cx and
Inplane Force in Unit Length Weld cy are the horizontal and vertical components of the radial distance c.
The resultant force ru = Ö(rpx+rmx)² + (rpy+rmy)² should be compared against the available
VIn-Plane = Rni(Pu/fR)/Li [Force/Length] strength found in AISC Specifications Table J2.5.
Rni - Resistance of weld element of length Li (calculated by IC rotation method)
Normal Force in Unit Length Weld
VNormal=Pz/S LW + Mx(Y-Yc)/Ix - My(X-Xc)/Iy [Force/Length]
Ix = 1/3 S [(Y1-Yc)²+(Y1-Yc)(Y2-Yc)+(Y2-Yc)²]LW [Length³]
Iy = 1/3 S [(X1-Xc)²+(X1-Xc)(X2-Xc)+(X2-Xc)²]LW [Length³]
X1, X2, Y1, Y2 - Coordinates of linear weld segment nodes.
LW - Length of weld segment.
Total Shear Force in Unit Length Weld
Vu = Sqrt(VIn-Plane² + VNormal²)
Capacity of Unit Length Weld
fVn =Rult[1+(0.5)SIN1.5(q)]
Concentrically Loaded Weld Group Elements
Concentrically loaded fillet weld groups must consider the effect of loading angle
and deformation compatibility on weld strength.
By multiplying the appropriate values of C from Table 8—1 by the available
strength of each weld element, an effective strength is determined for each weld
element. The available strength of the weld group can be determined by
summing the effective strengths of all of the elements in a weld group. It should
be noted that this table is to be entered at the largest load angle on any weld in
the weld group.

Table 8-1 Coefficents, C for Concentrically Loaded Weld Group Elements

Load Largest Load angle on and weld group element, degrees

angle on
weld
element,
deg 90 75 60 45 30 15 0
0 0.825 0.849 1 0.909 0.948 0.994 1
15 1.02 1.04 1 1.07 1.06 0.883
30 1.16 1.17 1 1.17 1.1
45 1.29 1.3 1 1.26
60 1.4 1.4 1
75 1.48 1.47
90 1.5
INSTANTANEOUS CENTER OF ROTATION METHOD

This spreadsheet is using the Instantaneous Center of Rotation Method to determine shear
capacity of weld group. This method is described in AISC Steel Construction Manual (13th
Edition).

Eccentricity produces both a rotation and a translation of one connection element with
respect to the other. The combined effect of this rotation and translation is equivalent to a
rotation about a point defined as the instantaneous center of rotation (IC) as illustrated in
Figure 8-4a. The location of the IC depends upon the geometry of the weld group as well
as the direction and point of application of the load.
The load deformation relationship for a unit length segment of weld is given by an
equation

P = 0.6FEXX(1+0.5sin1.5q)[p(1.9-0.9p)]0.3
where
P = nominal shear strength of the weld segment at a deformation D, kips.
FEXX = weld electrode strength, ksi.
q = load angle measured relative to the weld longitudinal axis, degrees.
p = ratio of element deformation to its deformation at maximum stress.

The nominal shear strength of the weld group is governed by Du of the weld segment that
first reaches its limit, where
Du = 1.087w(q+6)-0.65 <= 0.7w , where w is the weld leg size, in.

The nominal shear strengths of the other unit-length weld segments in the joint can be
determined by applying a deformation A that varies linearly with distance from the IC. The
nominal shear strength of the weld group is, then, the sum of the individual strengths of
all weld segments. Because of the non-linear nature of the requisite iterative solution, for
sufficient accuracy, a minimum of twenty weld elements for the longest line segment is
generally recommended.
The individual resistance of each weld segment is assumed to act on a line perpendicular
to a ray passing through the IC and the centroid of that weld segment, as illustrated in
Figure 8-4b. If the correct location of the instantaneous center has been selected, the
three equations of in-plane static equilibrium (SFx = 0, SFy = 0, SM = 0) will be satisfied.

ELASTIC METHOD

For a force applied as illustrated in Figure 8-4, the eccentric force, P U is resolved into a
force acting through the center of gravity (CG) of the weld group and a moment, P Ue,
where e is the eccentricity. Each weld element is then assumed to resist an equal share of
the direct shear. PU and a share of the eccentric moment P U proportional to its distance
from the CG. The resultant vectorial sum of these forces r U is the required strength for the
weld.
The shear per linear inch of weld due to the concentric force, r P. is determined as
r P = P U/l
where
l is the total length of the weld in the weld group. To determine the resultant shear per
linear inch of weld, rP must be resolved into horizontal component r PX = rPsinq and vertical
componenet rPY = rPcosq

The shear per linear inch of weld due to the moment P Ue is rm = PUec/IP
where
c = radial distance from CG to point in weld group most remote from CG. in.
IP = polar moment of inertia of the weld group, in 4 per in2 (IP = Ix + Iy)
Horizontal and vertical components of r m are: rmx = PUecy/IP and rmy = PUecx/IP where cx and
cy are the horizontal and vertical components of the radial distance c.
The resultant force ru = Ö(rpx+rmx)² + (rpy+rmy)² should be compared against the available
strength found in AISC Specifications Table J2.5.
mine shear
nual (13th

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valent to a
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an

ment that

can be
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engths of
ution, for
ment is

endicular
ated in
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into a
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al share of
istance
gth for the

hear per
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ere cx and

available
Concentric Connection Capacity

argest Load angle on and weld group element = ### degrees

Sum(LC)*Rult= ### kip

Table 8-1 Coefficents, C for Concentrically Loaded Weld Group Elements

Load Largest Load angle on and weld group element, degrees

angle on
weld
element
, deg 90 75 60 45 30 15 0
0 0.825 0.849 0.876 0.909 0.948 0.994 1
15 1.02 1.04 1.05 1.07 1.06 0.883
30 1.16 1.17 1.18 1.17 1.1
45 1.29 1.3 1.29 1.26
60 1.4 1.4 1.39
75 1.48 1.47
90 1.5

Elastic Method Total length of weld Polar moment of inertia

Ip = 385.417 in^3 rpx =Px/L = -4.3301 kip/in

L= 20 in rpy =Py/L = -2.5 kip/in
C= 6.25 in rmx = -MCy/Ip 3.24324 kip/in
Cx = -1.25 in rmy = MCx/Ip 0.81081 kip/in
Cy = 5 in ru = 9.03797 kip/in

Distance from C.G. to

farhest weld point