SECTION-2 BAHRIA COLLEGE ANCHORAGE

GEOGRAPHY OF PAKISTAN STUDIES BOOK EXERCISE FOR CLASS IX

PAKISTAN Unit-3 Land of Pakistan

MCQ’s
1. what is the land area of Pakistan? a) 796,096km2

2. Islamabad located in _______. c) Potwar region

3. Mohabbat khan mosque is located in _______. c) Peshawar

4. The city called cotton polis of Pakistan is ___________ d) Faisalabad

5. The Durand is situated in _______. d) Between Afghanistan and Pakistan

6. What Is the recent economic project between China and Pakistan called ____. d) CPEC

7. Multan is known for its _______. d) Sufi-Saints

8. Metropolis means _______. d) City

9. Wakhan territory connects Pakistan with __________. b) China

10. Pakistan is bordered by India to the _______. c) East

 SECTION-2 BAHRIA COLLEGE ANCHORAGE
GEOGRAPHY OF PAKISTAN STUDIES BOOK EXERCISE FOR CLASS IX
PAKISTAN Unit-3 Land of Pakistan

Short Q/A
1. Describe the geographical location of Pakistan.

Pakistan is located in South Asia with a land area of 796096 sq. km. Pakistan is located between the latitudes of 24 N and
37 N and extends from longitude 61 E to 77 E. It shares borders with India to the east, Afghanistan and Iran to the west,
China to the north, and the Arabian Sea to the south.

2. What are the characteristics of Islamabad that distinguish it from other cities of Pakistan?

Islamabad, the capital city of Pakistan, is known for its modern infrastructure, well-planned layout, and lush greenery. It
serves as the political and administrative hub of the country, housing the Parliament House, the Supreme Court, and the
President's and Prime Minister's residences. The city is also renowned for its high standard of living, safety, and abundant
educational institutions.

3. What is meant by landlocked countries? Give examples.

Landlocked countries are those that do not have access to an ocean or sea. These countries are entirely surrounded by
land and often face challenges related to trade and access to resources. Examples include Afghanistan, Nepal, and
Switzerland.

4. Describe the location of Arabian Sea.

The Arabian Sea is located in a strategic position, connecting the Indian Ocean and Persian Gulf. It is located in the
northwest part of the Indian Ocean. It is bounded by India to the east, Pakistan and Iran to the north, the Arabian Peninsula
to the west, and the Somali coast of Africa to the southwest. This makes it a major shipping route for sea trade between
South Asia, the Far East and the Middle East. This gives Pakistan Access to global market and energy resources.

5. What are the natural resources found in the Arabian Sea?

The Arabian Sea is rich in natural resources, including fish, oil, and natural gas. It serves as an important source of seafood.
It provides habitat for many marine creatures including fish, shark, whales, and dolphins. It also serves as a crucial route
for international maritime trade, contributing to the economic importance of the surrounding regions.

6. Describe the significance of Jinnah terminal Karachi as an international airport.

Jinnah International Airport in Karachi is the largest and busiest airport in Pakistan. It serves as a major hub for
international and domestic flights, connecting Pakistan to various global destinations. The airport is named after
Muhammad Ali Jinnah, the founder of Pakistan, and plays a vital role in the country's aviation and trade sectors.

7. What is Faisalabad famous for?

Faisalabad is one of the most industrialized cities of Pakistan and known as “Cotton polis of Pakistan” owing Textile
Industry. The city is a major center for textile production, including cotton, silk, and woolen products. Faisalabad's
industrial significance makes it a key player in Pakistan's economy. Faisalabad produces some main crops including cotton,
wheat, rice, and sugarcane.
 SECTION-2 BAHRIA COLLEGE ANCHORAGE
GEOGRAPHY OF PAKISTAN STUDIES BOOK EXERCISE FOR CLASS IX
PAKISTAN Unit-3 Land of Pakistan

Long Q/A
1. What is the strategic importance of Pakistan's location in relation to Afghanistan, Central Asia, the Middle East, and
East Asia?
Pakistan is strategically located in the crossroads of Asia with China as its neighbor in the north, India in the east, and Iran
and Afghanistan in the west.
• Doorway to Islamic Block: Strategically, Pakistan’s location makes it a potential gateway to Central Asia and the
Middle East. It also serves as a doorway to Islamic block. This gives Pakistan a strategic advantage in the region for
both cooperation and competition from other countries.
• Trade Route: Pakistan is situated to the northwest of China and to the northeast of Iran and Afghanistan. It is also
close to Central Asia States which are landlocked countries with No access to sea. This gives Pakistan access to
Central Asia, which is a region with rich natural resources and growing economies.
• Arabian Sea: The Arabian Sea is a valuable resource for many countries from the viewpoint of trade by sea. It is
warm water sea and provides major shipping lane and a source of oil and gas. As the Arabian sea is located in a
strategic position, connecting the Indian Ocean to the Pacific Gulf. This makes it a major shipping route for sea trade
between South Asia, the Far East and the Middle East. This gives Pakistan Access to global market and energy
resources.
• Hub for Air Traffic: Pakistan is located at the intersection of the world’s two busiest air busiest air traffic corridors,
the North Atlantic and Asia-Pacific routes. This makes it a natural transit hub for air traffic between east and west.
The Jinnah Terminal Karachi is important as an international airport because it handles large passenger and cargo
traffic.
2. Describe the importance of the following cities with respect to their economic importance for Pakistan?

• Lahore:
Lahore, the capital of Punjab province, stands as a significant economic and cultural hub in Pakistan. Its economic
importance is driven by its diverse industrial base, which includes textiles, electronics, and food processing. Lahore’s
status as an industrial powerhouse contributes substantially to the national economy through manufacturing and
trade.
Furthermore, Lahore is a major educational and cultural center, housing numerous prestigious universities and
institutions. The city’s rich cultural heritage, including historical sites and festivals, attracts both domestic and
international tourists, further boosting its economic profile. The vibrant commercial sector in Lahore, including
bustling markets and shopping districts, also plays a critical role in its economic vitality.
• Rawalpindi:
Rawalpindi is located in the Punjab province of Pakistan and subs as a major cantonment area. Rawalpindi is a major
transportation hub, with a network of roads, railways and airport connecting it to other parts of Pakistan. This makes
it easy for the business to import and export the goods and services. There are several important commercial and
wholesalers’ market in Rawalpindi that sell good in bulk to retailers, wholesalers, manufacturing and construction
industries.
• Karachi:
Karachi, Pakistan financial hub and the capital of Sindh province, is considered an important city due to its strategic
location and economic potential as a pioneer in cable networking and information technology, Karachi has become
a center of software outsourcing. Moreover, it is home to a number of salient industries, such as textile
manufacturing, shipping and tourism. Karachi is also a major transportation hub, with the country largest airport
and seaport which facilitate export and import of Pakistan.
 SECTION-2 BAHRIA COLLEGE ANCHORAGE
GEOGRAPHY OF PAKISTAN STUDIES BOOK EXERCISE FOR CLASS IX
PAKISTAN Unit-3 Land of Pakistan

3. Explain reasons for the significance of Gilgit-Baltistan in Pakistan?

Gilgit-Baltistan holds strategic, economic, and environmental significance due to its unique geographical
location and natural resources.

• Strategic Location:
Located at the intersection of Pakistan, China, and India, Gilgit-Baltistan is strategically important. It is a
critical area for national defense and regional security due to its closeness to contentious borders. The
region is also a gateway for the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC), enhancing its strategic value in
terms of regional connectivity and economic cooperation.
• Economic Potential:
Gilgit-Baltistan’s natural resources, including minerals and gemstones, contribute to its economic
importance. The region is rich in minerals such as copper, gold, and precious stones, which hold potential
for mining and economic development. Additionally, the area has substantial hydropower potential, which
could be harnessed to address Pakistan’s energy needs.
• Tourism:
The region’s breathtaking landscapes, including high mountains and scenic valleys, make it a popular
destination for tourism. Gilgit-Baltistan’s natural beauty attracts tourists, supporting local businesses and
contributing to the region’s economy. The development of tourism infrastructure further enhances its
economic significance by generating employment and fostering regional development.
4. How do Pakistan and China strengthen their relationship through their geographical location?
The geographical proximity of Pakistan and China has fostered a strong bilateral relationship, with the China-
Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC) being a cornerstone of their cooperation.

• CPEC:
CPEC is a significant infrastructure project aimed at connecting Gwadar Port in Pakistan with Xinjiang in
China. This corridor involves extensive development of roads, railways, and energy projects, enhancing
connectivity between the two countries. The initiative promotes economic growth by facilitating trade and
investment, creating economic opportunities for both nations.
• Economic Zones and Infrastructure:
The establishment of Special Economic Zones (SEZs) along the CPEC route is designed to boost industrial
development and economic activity. These zones are expected to attract foreign investment, create jobs,
and enhance economic integration between Pakistan and China.
• Strategic and Diplomatic Relations:
The geographical location of Pakistan makes it a critical partner for China in the region. The proximity allows
for strong military and defense cooperation, strengthening the strategic partnership between the two
countries. Additionally, shared interests in regional stability and economic development enhance their
diplomatic relations, with Pakistan supporting China’s broader geopolitical strategies.
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GEOGRAPHY OF PAKISTAN STUDIES BOOK EXERCISE FOR CLASS IX
PAKISTAN Unit-3 Land of Pakistan

5. What are the factors that make Lahore an important city of Pakistan?
Lahore's importance is derived from its historical, economic, educational, and cultural
significance, making it a central city in Pakistan.
• Historical and Cultural Significance:
Lahore is renowned for its rich history and cultural heritage. The city is home to numerous
historical landmarks, including ancient forts, palaces, and religious sites. Its vibrant cultural
scene, including festivals, art galleries, and theaters, reflects its historical legacy and cultural
diversity. Lahore’s cultural attractions draw tourists, contributing to its economic vitality.
• Economic Contributions:
As an economic hub, Lahore plays a pivotal role in Pakistan’s industrial and commercial
sectors. The city hosts a diverse range of industries, including textiles, electronics, and food
processing. Its bustling markets and commercial centers drive economic activity and growth.
Lahore’s status as an industrial powerhouse supports its role in national economic
development.
• Educational and Political Influence:
Lahore is a center of education and innovation, with prestigious universities and research
institutions contributing to its academic reputation. The city’s educational institutions foster
talent and drive advancements in various fields. Additionally, as the capital of Punjab,
Lahore holds significant political influence, shaping regional and national policies. Its
administrative and political importance further underscores its role as a key city in Pakistan.
 SECTION-2 BAHRIA COLLEGE ANCHORAGE
GEOGRAPHY OF PAKISTAN STUDIES BOOK EXERCISE FOR CLASS IX
PAKISTAN Unit-3 Land of Pakistan

Compare and Contrast

Does Pakistan’s strategic location have more advantages or disadvantages? Discuss.
Pakistan's strategic location has both advantages and disadvantages. Here's a balanced discussion:
Advantages:
Geopolitical significance: Pakistan is situated at the crossroads of Asia, making it an important player in regional politics.
Trade routes: Pakistan controls the critical trade routes between China, Central Asia, and the Middle East.
Access to Arabian Sea: Pakistan has a coastline along the Arabian Sea, providing access to international trade routes.
Energy corridor: Pakistan is an essential part of the energy corridor between the Middle East and Asia.
Regional connectivity: Pakistan is a member of regional organizations like SAARC and ECO, promoting economic
cooperation.
Disadvantages:
Security challenges: Pakistan's location makes it vulnerable to security threats from neighboring countries.
Conflict zone: Pakistan is situated near conflict zones like Afghanistan and Kashmir, affecting regional stability.
Terrorism: Pakistan's location makes it susceptible to terrorism, affecting national security.
Dependence on international aid: Pakistan's economy is heavily reliant on international aid, affecting its sovereignty.
Environmental concerns: Pakistan's location makes it lying to environmental disasters like earthquakes and climate
change.
In conclusion, Pakistan's strategic location has both advantages and disadvantages. While it offers significant geopolitical
and economic benefits, it also poses security, environmental, and economic challenges.

Relevance Across Time

What are the key changes that have taken place in Pakistan's cities over time?
Here are the key changes that have taken place in Pakistan's cities over time:
• Rapid Urbanization: Pakistan's cities have experienced rapid growth, with the urban population increasing from
17% in 1951 to over 36% today.
• Industrialization: Cities like Karachi, Lahore, and Faisalabad have become industrial hubs, driving economic
growth.
• Migration and Diversity: Cities have become melting pots, with people migrating from rural areas and other
countries, increasing cultural diversity.
• Infrastructure Development: Investments in roads, transportation, and public services have improved quality of
life.
• Technological Advancements: Cities have seen significant technological progress, with increased access to
internet, mobile networks, and digital services.
• Changes in Social Dynamics: Urbanization has led to changes in social norms, values, and lifestyles.
• Environmental Challenges: Cities face environmental issues like pollution, traffic congestion, and waste
management.
• Informal Settlements: Many cities have seen growth in informal settlements, or katchi abadis, lacking basic
amenities.
• Security Concerns: Some cities have faced security challenges, impacting daily life and economic activity.
These changes have transformed Pakistan's cities, bringing opportunities and challenges that require effective
management and planning.