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Graph Database

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Assistant Professor,Cse Vel Tech, Chennai
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49 views

Graph Database

Uploaded by

Assistant Professor,Cse Vel Tech, Chennai
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Graph database

A Neo4j graph database stores nodes and relationships instead of tables or documents. Data is
stored just like you might sketch ideas on a whiteboard. Your data is stored without restricting
it to a pre-defined model, allowing a very flexible way of thinking about and using it.
The property graph model
In Neo4j, information is organized as nodes, relationships, and properties.

Nodes are the entities in the graph.

 Nodes can be tagged with labels, representing their different roles in your domain (for
example, Person).

 Nodes can hold any number of key-value pairs, or properties (for example, name).

 Node labels may also attach metadata (such as index or constraint information) to
certain nodes.

Relationships provide directed, named connections between two node entities (for example,
Person LOVES Person).

 Relationships always have a direction, a type, a start node, and an end node, and they
can have properties, just like nodes.
 Nodes can have any number or type of relationships without sacrificing performance.

 Although relationships are always directed, they can be navigated efficiently in any
direction.

What is Neo4j?

 Neo4j is a native graph database, which means that it implements a true graph model
all the way down to the storage level.

 The data is stored as you whiteboard it, instead of as a "graph abstraction" on top of
another technology.

 Beyond the core graph, Neo4j also provides: ACID transactions, cluster support, and
runtime failover.

 Neo4j is offered as a managed cloud service via AuraDB.

 But you can also run Neo4j yourself with either Community Edition or Enterprise
Edition.

 The Enterprise Edition includes all the features of Community Edition, plus extra
enterprise requirements such as backups, clustering, and failover abilities.

 Neo4j is written in Java and Scala, and the source code is available on GitHub.

What makes Neo4j the easiest graph to work with?


 Cypher®, a declarative query language similar to SQL, but optimized for graphs.
Now used by other databases like SAP HANA Graph and Redis graph via
the openCypher project.

 Constant time traversals in big graphs for both depth and breadth due to efficient
representation of nodes and relationships.

 Enables scale-up to billions of nodes on moderate hardware.

 Flexible property graph schema that can adapt over time, making it possible to
materialize and add new relationships later to shortcut and speed up the domain data
when the business needs change.

 Drivers for popular programming languages, including Java, JavaScript, .NET,


Python, and many more.

Why graph databases?


 We live in a connected world, and understanding most domains requires processing
rich sets of connections to understand what’s really happening.
 Often, we find that the connections between items are as important as the items
themselves.
 How else do people do this today? While existing relational databases can store these
relationships, they navigate them with expensive JOIN operations or cross-lookups,
often tied to a rigid schema.
 It turns out that "relational" databases handle relationships poorly. In a graph
database, there are no JOINs or lookups.
 Relationships are stored natively alongside the data elements (the nodes) in a much
more flexible format.
 Everything about the system is optimized for traversing through data quickly; millions
of connections per second, per core.
Graph databases address big challenges many of us tackle daily. Modern data problems
often involve many-to-many relationships with heterogeneous data that sets up needs to:
 Navigate deep hierarchies.
 Find hidden connections between distant items.
 Discover inter-relationships between items.
Whether it’s a social network, payment networks, or road network you’ll find that
everything is an interconnected graph of relationships. And when you want to ask
questions about the real world, many questions are about the relationships rather than
about the individual data elements.

Applications:

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