MTA
Notations :
Z = Set of integers.
N = Set of natural numbers = {n ∈ Z : n ≥ 1}.
Q = Set of rationals.
R = Set of real numbers.
C = Set of complex numbers.
1. Prove that the following limit exists and find the limit:
1 1
lim (1 + + · · · + ) − ln n .
n→∞ 2 n
2. Suppose f : [a, b] → R is continuous. Then for any r1 , r2 , · · · , rn ∈ f [a, b],
prove that there exists x ∈ [a, b] such that f (x) = r1 +r2 +···+r
n
n
.
3. Suppose y(x) = x2 is a solution of y 00 + P (x)y 0 + Q(x)y = 0 on (0, 1)
where P and Q are continuous functions on (0, 1). Can both P and Q
be bounded functions. Justify your answer.
4. For each α > 0, find all pairs of (x0 , y0 ) ∈ R2 such that the following ini-
tial value problem has a unique solution in the neighbourhood of (x0 , y0 )
-
y 0 = y α ; y(x0 ) = y0 .
5. Let B = {x = (x1 , x2 ) ∈ R2 : kxk ≤ 1}, and let
f (x) = inf{kx − yk : y ∈ B}, ∀ x = (x1 , x2 ) ∈ R2 .
If F (x) = max{1 − f (x), 0}, x = (x1 , x2 ) ∈ R2 , then prove that
Z Z
lim F n (x1 , x2 )dx1 dx2 = π.
n→∞
R2
1
6. Let f : X → Y be a function from a metric space (X, d1 ) to a com-
pact metric space (Y, d2 ). Let Gf := {(x, y) : y = f (x)} ⊂ X × Y
denote the graph of f . Show that f is continous iff Gf is closed in
X × Y . The metric d onp X × Y is the product metric which is defined
as d((x1 , y1 ), (x2 , y2 )) := d1 (x1 , x2 )2 + d2 (y1 , y2 )2 .
7. Let f : R → [0, ∞) be a Borel measurable function. Show that
∞
X Z ∞
X
m({f ≥ n}) ≤ f dm ≤ m({f > n}),
n=1 n=1
where m denotes the Lebesgue measure.
8. Let (an ) beP
a sequence of real
R numbers and m be the Lebesgue measure.
1 n
Suppose n k=1 f (ak ) → R f dm for all Lebesgue integrable functions
f on R. Prove that (an ) is dense in R.
9. Let f : C → C be an entire function i.e., analytic everywhere in C.
Suppose
f (z)
lim = 0.
|z|→∞ z
Prove that f is a constant function.
10. What are the holomorphic functions f on an open connected subset Ω ⊂
C such that g : Ω → C defined by g(z) = Re(z)f (z) is also holomorphic.
