UNIT 2.

THE GENERATION GAP

A. LÝ THUYẾT
I. VOCABULARY
II. PRONUNCIATION
III. GRAMMAR
Động từ khuyết thiếu must, have to và should
So sánh cách dùng must, have to và should
STT Động từ khuyết thiếu Ý nghĩa, cách dùng Ví dụ
1. Diễn tả việc cần thiết phải làm I must finish this exercise by the
điều gì (chủ quan người nói evening.
Must
quyết định điều đó là cần thiết) Tôi phải hoàn thành bài tập này
vào buổi tối.
2. Diễn tả việc cần thiết phải làm We have to wear uniforms every
điều gì day. (the school makes us to do
Have to Dùng khi nói về quy định, luật it) Chúng tôi phải mặc đồng phục
lệ bắt buộc phải tuân theo hàng ngày. (trường bắt chúng tôi
phải làm điều đó)
3. Được dùng để đưa lời khuyên, You should eat more vegetables.
đưa ra gợi ý hay ý kiến. They are good for you.
Should
Bạn nên ăn nhiều rau hơn. Chúng
tốt cho bạn.
4. Dùng khi cấm một việc gì đó We mustn’t touch it.
Mustn’t hay diễn tả ý không được phép Chúng ta không được chạm vào
làm gì nó.
5. Diễn tả một việc gì đó là You don’t have to drive me home.
không cần thiết I can catch a taxi.
don’t/ doesn’t have to
Bạn không cần phải lái xe đưa tôi
về nhà. Tôi có thể bắt taxi.
B. THỰC HÀNH
I. PRONUNCIATION
Task 1. Find the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the
following questions.
1. A. belief B. express C. gender D. Millennial
2. A. nuclear B. critical C. curious D. accept
3. A. hire B. conflict C. limit D. influence
4. A. hold B. honesty C. housework D. historical
5. A. generation B. digital C. argue D. damage
6. A. take B. male C. native D. argument
7. A. job B. role C. follow D. electronic
8. A. family B. value C. media D. characteristic
9. A. suit B. screen C. social D. individualism
10. A. device B. difference C. thinker D. experience
Task 2. Find the word that differs from the other three in the position of stress in each of the following
questions.
1. A. argument B. nuclear C. belief D. gender
2. A. value B. experience C. thinker D. curious
3. A. millennial B. digital C. freedom D. honesty
4. A. express B. native C. media D. platform
5. A. influence B. limit C. damage D. opinion
6. A. conflict B. eyesight C. characteristic D. common
7. A. music B. social C. footstep D. extended
8. A. follow B. accept C. hire D. family
9. A. adapt B. difference C. parent D. children
10. A. generational B. individualism C. housework D. electronic
II. VOCABULARY
Task 3. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
1. Our family avoid arguing ______ trivial matters as we want to stay happy when we are at home.
A. on B. through C. over D. into
2. Each individual in the society needs to ______ their family when they encounter challenges and difficulties.
A. run into B. rely on C. come round D. get through
3. Gen Z can easily ______ to changes as they are creative and adventurous.
A. adapt B. accept C. build D. follow
4. Blue light from smartphones or laptops can ______ eyesight. Therefore, children will suffer from eye
problems.
A. heal B. generate C. mend D. damage
5. Young people are able to ______ with platforms to suit their needs. They do not hesitate to try new things.
A. experiment B. cultivate C. emphasise D. force
6. Parents need to ______ electronic devices from their children if they overuse them.
A. make off B. takeaway C. put down D. setup
7. Young people see many people lose their jobs, so they think it is safer to be their own bosses rather than to be
______ by an employer.
A. reduced B. prepared C. hired D. experienced
8. The cultural ______ of Viet Nam have been passed down from generation to generation.
A. contributions B. gaps C. attitudes D. values
9. The current generation heavily relies on ______ for communication, entertainment, and accessing
information.
A. electronic devices B. music tastes C. screen time D. competitions
10. The younger generation should be taught to ______ others, regardless of age or background.
A. upset B. limit C. respect D. control
Task 4. Choose the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following
questions.
1. Minh is always curious as he is keen on trying new things especially those related to technology.
A. indifferent B. interested C. uninformed D. naive
2. Younger generations now have more freedom in expressing their opinions in particular and themselves in
general.
A. improvement B. restriction C. attitude D. difference
3. The new generation needs to adapt quickly to the fast-changing world as their peers can leave them behind if
they do not.
A. negotiate B. refresh C. permit D. neglect
4. Children have to ask for their parents’ permission before using electronic devices.
A. acceptance B. approval C. freedom D. disagreement
5. According to my boss, honesty is one of the most important characteristics to look for in a candidate when
they apply for the job.
A. sincerity B. principle C. cheating D. multifacet
Task 5. Complete the sentences using the correct form of the words in brackets.
1. People from different generations may sometimes get into __________________ over
viewpoints. (ARGUE)
2. Hung is a __________________ thinker. He always tries to look into things from different aspects and
contributes to work out a better solution. (CRITIC)
3. Children nowadays can make use of __________________ media very easily. They learn things faster
than their previous generations. (SOCIETY)
4. People of the same generations often share common __________________.(BELIEVE)
 5. Parents often encourage their children to follow their native country’s __________________
values. (CULTURE)
6. Each generation has __________________ experiences, values, and perspectives. (DIFFERENCE)
7. My father and I have a common __________________. We usually look at things on the bright side and
never give up. (CHARACTER)
8. Living in an __________________ family has several benefits. For example, children can play with
their cousins, which is fun. (EXTEND)
9. The younger generation brings __________________ opinions and innovative ideas to the
company. (VALUE)
10. The __________________ conflicts within the family can get worse if family members do not spend
quality time with each other. (GENERATION)
Task 6. Choose the correct word or phrase to complete the sentences.
1. The new generation has the potential to achieve / allow great things with their skills and determination.
2. The older generation should not force / upset their beliefs and ideas upon the younger generation.
3. The younger generation prioritises technological / educational opportunities such as higher study.
4. It is important for teenagers to ask for their parents’ career / permission before going out late.
5. Unhealthy eating habits and lack of physical activity can contribute to weight gain / control in children.
III. GRAMMAR
Task 1. Choose the appropriate modal verb.
1. Children must / mustn’t recognize the importance of family traditions and cultural values, even if they
may seem outdated in the modern world.
2. Grandparents shouldn’t / should learn how to use smartphones or social media to stay connected with
their grandchildren.
3. Children have to / don’t have to respect old people because they have lots of life experiences.
4. Parents mustn’t / don’t have to force their children to follow their jobs; instead, they should give advice
and let their children choose their own careers.
5. Older generations must / had to rely on physical newspapers or books for information, but today’s
youth don’t have to, thanks to the internet.
6. Teenagers must / mustn’t appreciate the efforts their parents make for them, even if they don’t always
agree.
7. Teenagers should / shouldn’t listen to their parents’ advice and guidance, as they can help them
overcome difficult situations.
8. In previous generations, women had to / must follow specific gender roles, but today they don’t have
to / mustn’t limit their dreams and can pursue any career they like.
Task 2. Choose the correct answers.
1. In the past, young adults ______ follow social norms and expectations regarding relationships and marriage,
but now they have more freedom.
A. didn’t have to B. had to C. must D. mustn’t
2. Parents ______ spend quality time with their children to build a strong relationship.
A. should B. shouldn’t C. mustn’t D. don’t have to
3. Children ______ always obey their parents’ instructions.
A. have to B. shouldn’t C. mustn’t D. had to
4. Teenagers ______ communicate openly with their parents about their problems.
A. shouldn’t B. mustn’t C. don’t have to D. should
5. In the near future, parents ______ accept that technology will play a vital role in their children’s lives, even if
they may not fully comprehend it themselves.
A. must B. will have to C. mustn’t D. won’t have to
Task 3. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the mistake in each of the following sentences and correct
it.
1. In the past, children had to obey their parents without question their authority.
A. In B. had to C. without D. question
2. The generation gap between grandparents and grandchildren can lead to differences on musical preferences
and tastes.
A. between B. lead to C. on D. tastes
3. The generation gap can effect fashion trends and styles, with each generation having their own unique
sense of fashion and aesthetic preferences.
A. effect B. with C. having D. of
4. Younger generations don’t have to rely solely at traditional sources of information; they
can access knowledge through the Internet.
A. don’t have to B. at C. access D. through
5. Children don’t have to take responsibility for their actions and face the consequences.
A. don’t have to B. take C. for D. consequences
C. BÀI KIỂM TRA
Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in
pronunciation in each of the following questions.
Question 1: A. digital B. millennial C. device D. limit
Question 2: A. conflict B. influence C. critical D. colour
Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of the
primary stress in each of the following questions.
Question 3: A. electronic B. generational C. traditional D. individualism
Question 4: A. conflict B. accept C. rely D. adapt
Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
Question 5: According to the nutritionist, children ______ avoid sugar drinks before bedtime so that they will
not get diabetes.
A. will B. have to C. may D. can
Question 6: You ______ take regular exercise and maintain a balanced diet to lead a healthy life.
A. might B. should not C. might not D. should
Question 7: He is a ______ thinker. He has sharp ideas and tries to see things in many aspects.
A. critic B. criticism C. critical D. criticising
Question 8: Why don’t you try it ______? It can be a great way to connect with your parents.
A. up B. of C. through D. out
Question 9: You need to ______ your parents’ love for you. They worked hard to bring you up.
A. disregard B. show C. value D. indicate
Question 10: Don’t ______ someone else too much. You should be more independent.
A. rely on B. put up C. come across D. run out
Question 11: Generations often ______ social values and norms, reflecting the difference of perspectives.
A. argue over B. bond over C. make over D. push over
Question 12: Different generations ______ agree on everything, but it is important to engage in open-minded
discussions.
A. mustn’t B. can’t C. don’t have to D. have to
Question 13: I suggest that GenZ ______ be encouraged to develop their digital skills and passion for social
change.
A. mustn’t B. should C. may D. have
Question 14: Linh lives in a/an ______ family. It has 3 generations: her grandparents, her parents and she.
A. nuclear B. small C. affected D. extended
Question 15: We ______ be rude when communicating with individuals from different age groups.
A. have to B. can C. mustn’t D. don’t have to
Question 16: My father and I have many ______ characteristics. People say that I take after him.
A. usual B. common C. physical D. generational
Question 17: Being a digital ______, Hai easily adapts to new technologies and effortlessly uses digital tools
for various aspects of his life.
A. nation B. nativeness C. national D. native
Question 18: ______ is a defining trait of GenZ, as they prioritise personal autonomy and independence in
shaping their identities and making life choices.
A. Individualism B. Individual C. Individualise D. Individually
Question 19: When discussing generational differences, we ______ generalise or stereotype entire generations.
A. should B. have to C. don’t have to D. shouldn’t
Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the sentence that best completes each of the following exchanges.
Question 20: A boy and his father are talking in the house.
Boy: “Dad, is it ok if I go to the cinema with my friends tonight?
Father: “______. You have a lot of homework to complete.”
A. That’s very nice of you. B. I don’t completely agree.
C. I couldn’t agree with you more. D. I’m afraid you can’t.
Question 21: Two people are talking about an album.
A: “Can I see your family photo album?” - B: “______.”
A. Of course, you can. B. Don’t mention it.
C. My pleasure. D. You are welcome.
Mark the letter A, B, C, D to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of
the following questions.
Question 22: Too much screen time and prolonged exposure to bright screens can gradually damage eyesight
over time.
A. extended B. redundant C. mild D. sensible
Question 23: The traditional view often emphasises preserving cultural customs and following established
social norms.
A. ignores B. showcases C. understates D. highlights
Mark the letter A, B, C, D to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each
of the following questions.
Question 24: Generational conflict arises as differing perspectives and experiences lead to clashes between
different age groups.
A. battle B. harmony C. competition D. difference
Question 25: One characteristic of the generation gap is the clear contrast in attitudes, values, and preferences
between different age groups.
A. distinction B. opposition C. diversity D. similarity
Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following
questions.
Question 26: The generation gap often leads to misunderstandings and communicative challenges.
One typical example is failure in communication among family members.
A. leads to B. communicative C. typical D. in
Question 27: GenZ is characterised by their digital nativeness, technological fluency,
and strong desire in social changes.
A. characterised B. fluency C. strong D. in
Question 28: You don’t have to disregard your grandparents’ efforts in embracing technology. You should help
them with it.
A. don’t have to B. in C. should D. with
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the
blanks.
Nostalgia is a complex emotion that involves reconnecting with the happy emotions of an idealised past
by (29) ______ positive memories.
Over the years, marketers have realised that nostalgia is a powerful way to recall positive emotions - so
much so that nostalgia marketing has become a (30) ______ marketing strategy. It uses positive memories and
feelings associated with the past to create an emotional connection with consumers.
A wealth of research shows that nostalgia can result (31) ______ consumers being willing to pay more,
enhance brand ties, increased purchase intention and increased digital brand engagement.
 Nostalgia may be a driving factor behind people purchasing flip phones (32) ______ they use memories
of a previous era in mobile communication.
But nostalgia marketing doesn’t just target the younger generation - it’s also a powerful tool for
advertising to those (33) ______ grew up using older mobile devices. Nokia is an example of a company that
understands this well.
A YouTube advertisement for Nokia’s 2720 V Flip shows how brands can use nostalgia marketing to
appeal to customers and drive product sales.
Source: https://theconversation.com/gen-z-goes-retro-why-the-younger-generation-is-ditching- smartphones-
for-dumb-phones-204992
Question 29: A. repeating B. recalling C. putting D. delaying
Question 30: A. recognise B. recognising C. recognised D. recognition
Question 31: A. of B. in C. from D. through
Question 32: A. but B. so C. yet D. as
Question 33: A. who B. which C. why D. where