CPT 122 - Introduction

to computer Hardware

Module 1 Unit 2 - Computer Programs and Their Types

Contents
Introduction to Computer Programs 3

Importance of Computer Programs 4

Types of Computer Programs 5

System Software Overview 6

Types and Functions of System Software 7

Types and Importance of Application Software 8

Role of System Software in Computer Technology 9

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Introduction to Computer Programs

What is computer Programs The primary purposes of computer programs

include:
➢ Computer programs, also known as software, are
sets of instructions that computers follow to ➢ Automating Tasks
perform specific tasks, ranging from simple
calculations to complex data processing and ➢ Enhancing P roductivity
interactive applications.
➢ Enabling Communication

➢ Managing Data
➢ These instructions are written in programming ➢ Providing Entertainment
languages that computers can interpret and
execute, consisting of algorithms and data ➢ Supporting Education and Training and more
structures that guide how data is processed,
hardware interaction, and user output.
➢ Understanding the different types of computer
programs is crucial for effectively utilizing and
developing technology, laying the groundwork for
the effective use, development, and maintenance
of software.

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Purpose of Computer Programs

Automating Tasks Providing Entertainment

➢ Computer programs automate repetitive and ➢ Offer a range of leisure activities
time- consuming tasks ➢ Include gaming, music, and video streaming

➢ Enhance efficiency and accuracy in various operations

Supporting Education and Learning
Enhancing Productivity ➢ Provide interactive learning experiences, tutorials,
and simulations
➢ Programs like word processors and spreadsheets
streamline workflows ➢ Facilitate skill development and knowledge
acquisition
➢ Simplify document creation and data management

Enabling Communication
➢ Facilitate real-time communication and collaboration

➢ Include email clients, messaging apps, and

video conferencing tools

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Types of Computer Programs

System Software Application Software

➢ Operating Systems (OS) ➢ Productivity Software

➢ Utility Programs ➢ Internet and Web Software

➢ Multimedia Software
➢ Firmware

➢ Device Drivers ➢ Educational Software

➢ Entertainment Software

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Functions of System Software

Operating Systems (OS) Utility Programs

➢ Manages all programs on a computer, including ➢ Designed to analyze, configure, optimize, and maintain
system and application software. the computer.

➢ Functions include resource management, file ➢ Functions include system maintenance,

system management, user interface provision, performance monitoring, security, and file
device management, and security. management.

➢ Examples: Windows, macOS, Linux. ➢ Examples: Antivirus software, disk cleanup tools,
backup software.

Firmware Device Drivers

➢ Embedded into hardware devices to provide low- ➢ Specialized software allowing communication
level control. between the OS and hardware devices.

➢ Functions include hardware initialization and basic ➢ Functions include hardware communication and
control. device control.

➢ Examples: BIOS/UEFI in motherboards, embedded ➢ Examples: Printer drivers, graphics drivers.

firmware in routers, printers.

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Importance of Application Software

Productivity Software Educational Software

➢ Enables efficient task completion with tools like ➢ Facilitates learning and education through
word processors, spreadsheets, and presentation interactive experiences and tutorials.
software.
➢ Provides online courses, training programs, and
➢ Enhances productivity by simplifying document simulations for effective learning.
creation, editing, and management.

Entertainment Software
Internet and Web Software
➢ Facilitates access to the Internet and web-based ➢ Offers leisure activities such as games, virtual reality,
services. music, and video streaming.

➢ Includes web browsers, email clients, and chatting ➢ Provides diverse entertainment options for relaxation
applications for communication and information and enjoyment.
retrieval.

Multimedia Software

➢ Designed for creating, editing, and managing multimedia

content like audio, video, and images.

➢ Empowers users to foster creativity and innovation

through content creation.

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Role of System Software in Computer Technology

Facilitates Hardware-Software Interaction Ensures System Security and Stability

➢ System software ensures seamless communication and ➢ Built-in security features and regular updates.
efficient collaboration between hardware and software ➢ Safeguards computers from malware, unauthorized
components. access, and other threats.
➢ Enables the smooth operation of computers.
Supports Application Software
Manages System Resources ➢ Provides a stable platform.
➢ Effectively oversees CPU, memory, storage, and ➢ Enables application software to function reliably.
peripheral devices.
➢ Allows users to accomplish specific tasks
➢ Optimizes computer performance and efficiency.
effectively.

Provides User Interface

➢ Offers graphical or command-line interfaces.

➢ Simplifies user interaction with computers and

application software.

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