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Assgn 1

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Rishabh Jarwal
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24 views2 pages

Assgn 1

Uploaded by

Rishabh Jarwal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Assignment 1

Q1 Prove that for a hexagonal geometry, the co-channel reuse ratio is given by Q = 3N , where
N = i 2 + ij + j2. Hint: Use the cosine law and the hexagonal cell geometry.
Q2 Show that the frequency reuse factor for a cellular system is given by k/S, where k is the
average number of channels per cell and S is the total number of channels available to the
cellular service provider.
Q3 If 20 MHz of total spectrum is allocated for a duplex wireless cellular system and each sim-
plex channel has 25 kHz RF bandwidth, find:
(a) the number of duplex channels.
(b) the total number of channels per cell site, if N = 4 cell reuse is used.
Q4 A cellular service provider decides to use a digital TDMA scheme which can tolerate a signal-
to-interference ratio of 15 dB in the worst case. Find the optimal value of N for
(a) omnidirectional antennas, (b) 120° sectoring, and (c) 60° sectoring. Should sectoring be
used? If so, which case (60° or 120°) should be used? (Assume a path loss exponent of n = 4
and consider trunking efficiency.)
Q5 If an intensive propagation measurement campaign showed that the mobile radio channel
provided a propagation path loss exponent of n = 3 instead of four, how would your design
decisions in Problem Q4 change? What is the optimal value of N for the case of n = 3 ?
Q6 A total of 24 MHz of bandwidth is allocated to a particular FDD cellular telephone system
that uses two 30 kHz simplex channels to provide full duplex voice and control channels.
Assume each cell phone user generates 0.1 Erlangs of traffic. Assume Erlang B is used.
(a) Find the number of channels in each cell for a four-cell reuse system.
(b) If each cell is to offer capacity that is 90% of perfect scheduling, find the maximum
number of users that can be supported per cell where omnidirectional antennas are used
at each base station.
(c) What is the blocking probability of the system in (b) when the maximum number of
users are available in the user pool?
(d) If each new cell now uses 120° sectoring instead of omnidirectional for each base station,
what is the new total number of users that can be supported per cell for the same blocking
probability as in (c)?
(e) If each cell covers five square kilometers, then how many subscribers could be supported
in an urban market that is 50 km × 50 km for the case of omnidirectional base station
antennas?
(f) If each cell covers five square kilometers, then how many subscribers could be supported in
an urban market that is 50 km × 50 km for the case of 120° sectored antennas?
Q7 For a N = 7 system with a Pr[Blocking] = 1% and average call length of two minutes, find
the traffic capacity loss due to trunking for 57 channels when going from omnidirectional
antennas to 60° sectored antennas. (Assume that blocked calls are cleared and the average
per user call rate is λ = 1 per hour.)
Q8 A certain area is covered by a cellular radio system with 84 cells and a cluster size N. 300
voice channels are available for the system. Users are uniformly distributed over the area
covered by the cellular system, and the offered traffic per user is 0.04 Erlang. Assume that
blocked calls are cleared and the designated blocking probability is Pb = 1%.
(a) Determine the maximum carried traffic per cell if cluster size N = 4 is used. Repeat for
cluster sizes N = 7 and 12.
(b) Determine the maximum number of users that can be served by the system for a blocking
probability of 1% and cluster size N = 4. Repeat for cluster sizes N = 7 and 12.

Q9 Exercises in trunking (queueing) theory:


(a) What is the maximum system capacity (total and per channel) in Erlangs when provid-
ing a 2% blocking probability with four channels, with 20 channels, with 40 channels?
(b) How many users can be supported with 40 channels at 2% blocking? Assume H = 105 s,
λ = 1 call/hour.
(c) Using the traffic intensity calculated in part (a), find the grade of service in a lost call
delayed system for the case of delays being greater than 20 seconds. Assume that H =
105 s, and determine the GOS for four channels, for 20 channels, for 40 channels.
(d) Comparing part (a) and part (c), does a lost call delayed system with a 20 second queue
perform better than a system that clears blocked calls?

Q10 A cellular system using a cluster size of seven is operated with 660 channels, 30 of which are
designated as setup (control) channels so that there are about 90 voice channels available per
cell. If there is a potential user density of 9000 users/km2 in the system, and each user makes
an average of one call per hour and each call lasts 1 minute during peak hours, determine the
probability that a user will experience a delay greater than 20 seconds if all calls are queued.

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