Operator in Java

Java Programming
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Operator in java
Operators in Java are the symbols used for performing specific operations in
Java. Operators make tasks like addition, multiplication, etc which look easy
although the implementation of these tasks is quite complex.
Types of Operators in Java
There are multiple types of operators in Java all are mentioned below:
1. Arithmetic Operators
2. Unary Operators
3. Assignment Operator
4. Relational Operators
5. Logical Operators
6. Ternary Operator
7. Bitwise Operators
8. Shift Operators
9. instance of operator
1. Arithmetic Operators
They are used to perform simple arithmetic operations on primitive data

types.
* : Multiplication + : Addition
/ : Division - : Substraction
% : Modulo
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Example:
Output:
2. Unary Operators
Unary operators need only one operand. They are used to increment,
decrement, or negate a value.
• : Unary minus, used for negating the values.

• + : Unary plus indicates the positive value (numbers are positive
without this, however). It performs an automatic conversion to int
when the type of its operand is the byte, char, or short. This is called
unary numeric promotion.
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• ++ : Increment operator, used for incrementing the value by 1. There

are two varieties of increment operators.
o Post-Increment: Value is first used for computing the result and then
incremented.
o Pre-Increment: Value is incremented first, and then the result is
computed.
• – : Decrement operator, used for decrementing the value by 1. There
are two varieties of decrement operators.
o Post-decrement: Value is first used for computing the result and then
decremented.
o Pre-Decrement: The value is decremented first, and then the result is
computed.
• ! : Logical not operator, used for inverting a boolean value.
Example:
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Java Programming
Output:
3. Assignment Operator
‘=’ Assignment operator is used to assign a value to any variable. It has right-
to-left associativity, i.e. value given on the right-hand side of the operator is
assigned to the variable on the left, and therefore right-hand side value must
be declared before using it or should be a constant.
The general format of the assignment operator is:
variable = value;
In many cases, the assignment operator can be combined with other
operators to build a shorter version of the statement called a Compound
Statement. For example, instead of a = a+5, we can write a += 5.
• +=, for adding the left operand with the right operand and then
assigning it to the variable on the left.
• -=, for subtracting the right operand from the left operand and then
• *=, for multiplying the left operand with the right operand and then
• /=, for dividing the left operand by the right operand and then assigning
it to the variable on the left.
• %=, for assigning the modulo of the left operand by the right operand
and then assigning it to the variable on the left.
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Example:
Output:
4. Relational Operators
These operators are used to check for relations like equality, greater than,
and less than. They return boolean results after the comparison and are
extensively used in looping statements as well as conditional if-else
statements.
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Java Programming
The general format is,
variable relation_operator value
Some of the relational operators are-
• ==, Equal to returns true if the left-hand side is equal to the right-hand
side.
• !=, Not Equal to returns true if the left-hand side is not equal to the
right-hand side.
• <, less than: returns true if the left-hand side is less than the right-hand
side.
• <=, less than or equal to returns true if the left-hand side is less than or
equal to the right-hand side.
• >, Greater than: returns true if the left-hand side is greater than the
right-hand side.
• >=, Greater than or equal to returns true if the left-hand side is greater
than or equal to the right-hand side.
Example:
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Java Programming
Output:
5. Logical Operators
These operators are used to perform “logical AND” and “logical OR”
operations, i.e., a function similar to AND gate and OR gate in digital
electronics. One thing to keep in mind is the second condition is not evaluated
if the first one is false, i.e., it has a short-circuiting effect. Used extensively to
test for several conditions for making a decision. Java also has “Logical NOT”,
which returns true when the condition is false and vice-versa
Conditional operators are:
• &&, Logical AND: returns true when both conditions are true.
• ||, Logical OR: returns true if at least one condition is true.
• !, Logical NOT: returns true when a condition is false and vice-versa
Example:
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Java Programming
Output:
6.Ternary operator
The ternary operator is a shorthand version of the if-else statement. It has
three operands and hence the name Ternary.
The general format is:
condition ? if true : if false
The above statement means that if the condition evaluates to true, then
execute the statements after the ‘?’ else execute the statements after the ‘:’.
Example:
Output:
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7. Bitwise Operators
These operators are used to perform the manipulation of individual bits of a
number. They can be used with any of the integer types. They are used when
performing update and query operations of the Binary indexed trees.
• &, Bitwise AND operator: returns bit by bit AND of input values.
• |, Bitwise OR operator: returns bit by bit OR of input values.
• ^, Bitwise XOR operator: returns bit-by-bit XOR of input values.
• ~, Bitwise Complement Operator: This is a unary operator which
returns the one’s complement representation of the input value, i.e.,
with all bits inverted.
Output:
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Java Programming
Advantages of Operators in Java
The advantages of using operators in Java are mentioned below:
• Expressiveness: Operators in Java provide a concise and readable way

to perform complex calculations and logical operations.
• Time-Saving: Operators in Java save time by reducing the amount of
code required to perform certain tasks.
• Improved Performance: Using operators can improve performance
because they are often implemented at the hardware level, making
them faster than equivalent Java code.
Disadvantages of Operators in Java
The disadvantages of Operators in Java are mentioned below:
• Operator Precedence: Operators in Java have a defined precedence,

which can lead to unexpected results if not used properly.
• Type Coercion: Java performs implicit type conversions when using
operators, which can lead to unexpected results or errors if not used
properly.
• Overloading: Java allows for operator overloading, which can lead to
confusion and errors if different classes define the same operator with
different behavior.
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Java Programming

Types of Operators in Java

They are used to perform simple arithmetic operations on primitive data

• : Unary minus, used for negating the values.

• ++ : Increment operator, used for incrementing the value by 1. There

The general format is,

variable relation_operator value

Some of the relational operators are-

Conditional operators are:

Advantages of Operators in Java

The advantages of using operators in Java are mentioned below:

• Expressiveness: Operators in Java provide a concise and readable way

Disadvantages of Operators in Java

The disadvantages of Operators in Java are mentioned below:

• Operator Precedence: Operators in Java have a defined precedence,

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