REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

This chapter presents the related literature and related studies from local
and international sources for the research topic of “Developing a Hybrid
Energy Generation Electromagnetic Induction

For Enhanced Mechanical Energy Production”.

Related Studies

Achieving a more sustainable and efficient energy has brought us to

extensive research and development in the field of energy harvesting. This
literature aims to examine some existing research about energy harvesting
and production systems focusing on Electromagnetic Induction.

Hybrid Electromagnetic induction in energy harvesting and production

Studies proved that electromagnetic induction is the perfect option when we

seek sustainable and efficient production of energy. It just keeps working
when the magnetic field is changing around a conductor. Considering energy
harvesting, it converts mechanical energy into electrical energy. Any time
the source of motion, for example the rotation of the bicycle's wheel rim
causes the conductor to move in the magnetic field, it induces an electrical
current into the coil. Electrical current may be stored and then utilized at a
later time for other purposes which could be considered a form of energy. For
instance David, A. P. (2017), states that Electromagnetic Induction is
effective when we referring to energy harvesting and can be upgraded and
utilized for sustainable and efficient energy production.

Additionally, According to Bielza, A., Feliciano, G., Jimenez, K., Padilla, A., Tan,
F. U., & Asaba, H. (2020), states in their research that there is a 70% increase
in the demand for electricity according to the Department of Energy over
2030. They also said that using wind generated waves through
electromagnetic induction in energy harvesting and energy generation can
be utilized to solve this issue.

Shortage and high demands on electricity is one of the problems that we

Filipinos are facing. However, with the help of Electromagnetic Induction in
energy harvesting and generation we can possibly overcome this issue.
For instance, According to Montalban P. A. R., Pizarra N. S., & Magwili G. V.
(2023). Electromagnetic Induction enables the generation of energy which
can be used for the future uses and will be helpful in times that there is an
Electricity Shortage.

The need for innovative energy solutions is underscored by high electricity

prices and increasing power demand due to population growth. Studies have
explored various renewable energy systems, including a rotational
electromagnetic induction flywheel that harnesses human mechanical
energy through foot pedals, achieving significant energy outputs in
controlled setups (Magwili, 2023) (“Harvesting Renewable Energy from Foot
Pedal Using Rotational Electromagnetic Induction Flywheel”, 2023).
Additionally, hybrid renewable energy systems utilizing solar and wind
resources have been modeled to address power crises, demonstrating cost-
effective solutions with optimized configurations (Balbin et al., 2020). A
related study according to Dayaday and Olivo (2021) sound waves can also
be an affective source of energy through electromagnetic induction. They
said that the potential of electromagnetic transducer device in a form of
audio speaker that is used to capture sound waves to be converted into
electricity. A related study conducted by Yalung et., al (2014) combination of
vibration and electromagnetic induction can generate enough energy to be
used on small devices.

Mechanical energy in energy harvesting and production Mechanical Energy

refers to the energy associated with motion or position of an object. In
energy harvesting it converts the energy in motion to electrical energy.
According to Alfonso, C. A. L., Malit, J. N., Mariano, M. B., Magwili, G. V., &
Pacis, M. C. (2021). Several studies have shown that Polyvinylidene Fluoride
(PVDF) Piezoelectric Films can be an excellent developing tool in energy
harvesting, medical surgeries, and robotics applications. They said it
provides a significant contribution to the development of an economical and
reliable renewable energy that can be an additional source for typical small
family residential house, streetlights, vehicles, or other loads exposed in
wind and sunlight; and in utilizing the applications of the PVDF piezoelectric
and solar film.

Additionally, According to Osorio, M. A., Concepcion, R., & Dadios, E. (2023),

multi-source energy harvesting systems have attracted a lot of attention
recently due to their potential to harness energy from various sources and
provide sustainable power solutions.

According to Wang et al. (2019) demonstrated the effectiveness of a TENG-

based energy harvester in capturing energy from knee joint motion during
walking. The continuous bending and straightening of the knee generated
electricity that could power wearable devices, showcasing the flexibility and
efficiency of TENG technology for biomechanical applications.

Related Literature

Chen, J.-L., Wu, K., Gong, S., Wang, J., Wang, K., & Guo, H. (2023) This study
addresses the energy utilization inefficiency of electromagnetic generators
(EMGs) compared to triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) at low driving
frequencies in hybrid electromagnetic-triboelectric generators (HETGs). The
authors propose a layered hybrid generator consisting of a rotating disk
TENG, a magnetic multiplier, and a coil panel. The magnetic multiplier
enhances EMG performance by facilitating higher operational frequencies,
thus improving efficiency. Parameter optimization and a power management
circuit allow the hybrid generator to effectively monitor water quality and
fishing conditions using low-frequency mechanical energy. The research
demonstrates a universal frequency division approach to enhance hybrid
generator performance in diverse self-powered systems.

Han, Xu, Rui, Wang, and Li (2020) present a study on a linear induction motor
with a segmented power supply, designed to convert electrical energy into
kinetic energy for load movement in an electromagnetic launch system.
Their paper introduces a novel method for analyzing electromagnetic force
based on the characteristics of the electromagnetic emission mode. The
researchers modify the equivalent circuit model to account for secondary
edge leakage and develop a calculation method for the normal
electromagnetic force that is suitable for aperiodic transient operations in
electromagnetic emission scenarios. This method’s accuracy is confirmed
through finite element software simulations. Additionally, the study combines
this analysis with Newton’s second law kinematic models to examine the
relationship between electromagnetic force magnitude and stator timing
during the launch process. This detailed analysis provides a foundation for
dynamic response analysis and structural optimization in the design of
subsequent launching devices.

The rotational speed of the fan blades is a critical factor in determining the
amount of energy generated through electromagnetic induction. According
to Faraday’s Law, the induced voltage is directly proportional to the rate at
which the magnetic flux changes. Therefore, increasing the rotational speed
leads to higher induced voltage and greater energy production. However,
there are practical limitations to this approach, such as increased mechanical
stress and air resistance, which can reduce overall efficiency if not carefully
managed. Achieving an optimal balance between rotational speed and these
limiting factors is essential for maximizing energy generation without
compromising the fan’s durability (Electricity Forum, 2023;

Physics Network, 2024).

Wang, Li, Zhang, and Li (2022) conducted an in-depth study on the design
and optimization of a hybrid generator that integrates electromagnetic and
triboelectric technologies specifically for low-frequency mechanical energy
harvesting. Published in Energy Conversion and Management, their research
addresses the challenge of improving energy output and efficiency by
combining these two energy generation methods. The study provides a
comprehensive analysis of how the hybrid system’s design parameters and
configurations can be optimized to maximize energy conversion. This
research is particularly relevant for developing advanced energy systems,
such as those used in clip fans, as it offers practical insights and
methodologies for enhancing the performance and efficiency of hybrid
energy generation systems. Their findings contribute significantly to the field
of energy harvesting by demonstrating how integrating multiple technologies
can lead to improved outcomes in practical applications.

Zhang, Liu, Xu, and Zhang (2021) explore a hybrid design for harvesting
wind energy by integrating triboelectrification and electromagnetic induction
effects in a pinwheel system. Published in Renewable Energy, this study
presents a novel approach to enhancing wind energy capture through a
combined mechanism of triboelectric and electromagnetic processes. The
researchers detail the design of the pinwheel, which uses triboelectrification
to generate charge through frictional contact and electromagnetic induction
to convert this mechanical energy into electrical energy.

The paper provides a comprehensive analysis of how this hybrid design

improves the efficiency and effectiveness of energy harvesting compared to
traditional methods.

The authors also discuss the experimental setup and optimization of the
hybrid system, demonstrating significant improvements in energy output and
application potential in renewable energy systems.

CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
Criteria Score Comment/s
Covers a good range of relevant literature, but could be
Comprehensiveness 3 strengthened by discussing limitations and gaps in the
existing research.
Provides some analysis of the included studies but
Critical Analysis 3 could be more in-depth, particularly in terms of
comparing and contrasting different perspectives.
Synthesizes the literature to some extent but could be
Synthesis 3 more comprehensive in integrating the findings into a
coherent narrative.
The literature is directly relevant to the research
Relevance 4
questions.
The literature review is generally organized but could
Organization 3
be improved in terms of clarity and flow.
Sources are properly cited and referenced according to
Citation and Referencing 4
the chosen style guide.
The literature review is generally good but could be
Overall Quality 3 improved by strengthening the critical analysis and
synthesis.
TOTAL 23 28
Overall, Chapter 2 demonstrates a good understanding of the research topic and provides a solid
foundation for the study. However, it could be further enhanced by strengthening the critical
analysis and synthesis components.
To improve the chapter, researches yo could:
1) Deepen the critical analysis of the included studies, discussing their strengths, weaknesses,
and limitations.
2) Strengthen the synthesis by providing a more coherent narrative that integrates the findings
of the literature and highlights the key themes and insights.
3) Address any identified gaps in the literature and discuss their implications for the research.

10/02/2024
CRIS EDISON U.
VILLANUEVA
PR2 Teacher