REPORT ON

STONE CLADDING
AIM
The aim is to analyze dry and wet types of stone cladding by exploring real-world examples
and analyzing their installation processes and materials.

OBJECTIVE
 Study real-world examples of dry and wet distinct types of stone cladding.
 Analyze the installation procedures involved in each type of stone cladding.
 Assess the materials employed in the installation processes of both stone cladding
varieties.

INTRODUCTION
In the realm of architectural design and construction, cladding stands as a pivotal
technique, offering both practical functionality and aesthetics to buildings. It involves the
strategic application of one material over another to control weather infiltration or for
aesthetic enhancement, prioritizing control rather than waterproofing. It functions as a
protective element, directing water and wind to prevent infiltration into the building structure
while also serving aesthetic purposes.
Stone stands out as a timeless option for cladding, radiating elegance and authenticity.
Whether natural or artificial, stone cladding adds a refined layer to surfaces, mimicking
solid stone construction. This blend of functionality and beauty highlights the importance
of cladding in modern architecture, offering both protection and style.

TYPES OF STONE CLADDING

Wet Cladding
It is also known as a direct adhered method that does not require drilling or mechanical
efforts. It’s an easy process that involves bonding the stones to the wall with a strong
adhesive. The stone sticks from edge to edge with no space left in between, which makes
it more appealing.
It does not require highly trained professionals or skilled labor. On the other hand, the
stones may chip and fall over the years from reasons like lack of care, extreme weather,
or if the adhesive is compromised in any way.
EVALUATED / STUDIED

CASE 1:
Project: Karan Paul Residence
Location: Aurangzeb road, New Delhi
Client: Karan Paul
Area: 148.6449 sq.m
Completed: June, 2024

The Karan Paul Residence is nestled amidst verdant surroundings, enveloped by a lush
garden and bordered by a dense grove of trees on one side, while boasting a pool and
verandah on the other. The single-story structure, constructed predominantly with metal,
features a lightweight roof and glazed walls on three sides, facilitating abundant natural
light throughout. Enhanced by meticulously landscaped gardens, the exterior stone
cladding near the pool infuses the space with a natural aesthetic, harmonizing with the
environment.

FIG 1: Striking pool cladding, New Delhi

Source: www.studiolotus.com
CLADDING DETAILS

1. Stone type
 Black limestone
Thickness – 14mm

Surface finish – Matte

Form – Block
Color- Black
Generally fine-grained with a smooth to slightly rough surface.
Primarily composed of calcium carbonate with varying amounts of other
minerals.

FIG 2: Black limestone

Source: www.indiamart.com
2. Fixing Materials
 Cement Motar (Adhesive)
Ratio- 1:3 (1 part cement to 3 parts sand)

FIG 3: Applying mortar on the surface

Source: www.valmargstone.com
3. Fixing Method

Source: www.valmargstone.com
Dry Cladding
It is also known as a mechanical installation that involves drilling stones into the wall. It
requires the use of embedded metal anchors, which ensures each piece of cladding is
secured and will last longer.
It is comparatively more complex than stone cladding, and it requires skilled labor to perfect
this job.
The overall cost of dry cladding is higher than wet cladding as it requires a lot of attention
and highly trained professionals. It provides room for expansion and modifications.
However, this entire process needs to be carefully done.

EVALUATED / STUDIED

CASE 1:
Project: Uttarakhand State Disaster Management Authority, USDMA IT Park
Location: Uttarakhand state, Dehradun
Client: Government of Uttarakhand
Height of a building – 26 m

The Uttarakhand State Disaster Management Authority (USDMA) IT Park is a state-of-the-

art facility designed to serve as a hub for disaster management activities in Uttarakhand.
One of its key highlights is the incorporation of natural stone-like textures, meticulously
crafted to resemble real stone in appearance and customized shades. These textures
boast variations in pattern and sizes, lending an authentic touch to the building's facade.
Despite their resemblance to natural stone, these elements are lightweight yet
exceptionally durable, offering the longevity of concrete without the maintenance hassles.

FIG 4: Front View of USDMA IT Park, Sahastradhara Road, Dehradun

 Source: www.unistone.com
CLADDING DETAILS

1. Stone type
 Sandstone
Sandstone, a sedimentary rock, is formed when grains of sand are compacted and
cemented together over thousands or millions of years.
Texture: Granular texture varying from fine to coarse.
Porosity: Generally porous with varying degrees of pore spaces.

FIG 5: View of Yellow Sandstone

Source: www.whitemarblegranite.com
2. Fixing Materials
 Title adhesive
"Unistone Ultimate Tile Adhesive" is a specialized adhesive used for fixing tiles,
particularly Unistone tiles, which are engineered quartz surfaces known for their
durability and aesthetic appeal.
High bond strength for secure tile fixation.
Suitable for interior and exterior applications.
Water-resistant for durability in wet environments.
Easy to apply for efficient installation.
 FIG 6: Unistone tile adhesive
Source: www.unistone.com

 Wire mesh
304 Stainless Steel Woven Wire Mesh
Size- 300 X 210 MM, 1MM Hole

FIG 7: Wire mesh

Source: www. amazon.com
  Fastener
Size- 8 X 80 MM
Surface Finish – Electroplated
Fire Resistance

FIG 8: Hilti anchors sleeve fasteners

Source: www.indiamart.com

3. Fixing Method

Source: www.unistone.com
CASE 2:
Project: Munjal Residence, G.K.- 1, New Delhi
Location: B -10, Greater Kailash, New Delhi
Client: Mr. Rahul Munjal
Height of a building – 26 m

The Munjal Residence in G.K.- 1, New Delhi is a residential project in New Delhi. It is
designed for a single family and the project is a custom design that caters to the specific
needs and preferences of the Munjal family. The layout is intelligently designed to optimize
space utilization while maintaining a seamless flow between different living areas, catering
to the specific needs of the family. Expansive windows invite ample natural light, creating
a bright and airy ambiance throughout the residence.

FIG 9: Front View of Munjal Residence, New Delhi

Source: www.unistone.com
CLADDING DETAILS

1. Stone type
 Mint Sandstone
Mint sandstone is a type of sandstone known for its light green color.
It is primarily composed of quartz grains cemented together by silica, making it
durable.
Versatility: Used in flooring, cladding, paving, and landscaping applications.
Texture: Fine-grained with a smooth surface finish.
 FIG 10: View of Mint Sandstone (off-white)
Source: www.unistone.com
2. Fixing Materials
 Clamp
Dimensions- 7.5 X 2.5 X 0.3 CM
Ideal for Fixing stone, Marble
Material: Stainless Steel

FIG 11: Stainless steel split tail strap clamp

Source: www.unistone.com
 Corrugated Pin
Length- 200 mm
Size – 20mm
Stone thickness 20-50mm
Load bearing & restraint
Three-dimensional adjustability, suitable for horizontal joints
 FIG 12: Stainless Steel Corrugated Pin for Marble Fixing Systems/ Cladding fixing systems
Source: www.indiamart.com
3. Fixing Method

Source: www.indiamart.com Source: Barry volume 1-5

Source: Dimensional stone manual (book)

REFERENCES
https://mccoymart.com/post/stone-cladding-types-and-installation/
https://stoneworld.co.in/blog/
https://republicelite.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/dimensional-stone-manual.pdf
http://www.unistone.in/
Barry Construction of Building Vol. 1-5

Report prepared by POOJA SAHOO

2106160004
Date: 26th March, 2024
Report verified by subject faculty Name: AR. MANSHA SAMREEN
Date: 27th March, 2024
Signature: