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    Correct Concentration Recorded Based On Time Taken: 2020 O' Levels 6093/3 - Recommended Answers

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    Correct Concentration Recorded Based On Time Taken: 2020 O' Levels 6093/3 - Recommended Answers

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    Correct Concentration Recorded Based On Time Taken: 2020 O' Levels 6093/3 - Recommended Answers

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    madugulaarush

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 3

    2020 O’ Levels 6093/3 – Recommended Answers

    1a. test tube 1 – final colour: brick-red [1]. Time taken for colour change to first occur: 19s [1]
    test tube 2 – final colour: blue [1].

    1b. Correct headings [1]


    Correct unit [1]
    Column for time taken is on the left of final colour and concentration of glucose [1]
    Time taken for sample D is >120 s & Time taken for sample B is the shortest [1]
    Correct concentration recorded based on time taken [1]

    ‘Urine’ Time taken for colour Final colour Concentration of


    sample change to first occur/ s glucose/ g/ dm3
    A 34 Red (ppt) 0.62
    B 26 Red (ppt) 0.95
    C 42 Red ppt in blue solution 0.45
    D >120 Blue (solution) 0
    E 34 Red (ppt) 0.62
    [Note: 0 need not be in 2 dp]

    1c. [1] each. Total: [4]


    - Vertical axis labelled “concentration of glucose/ g / dm 3” & horizontal axis labelled
    ‘urine’ sample (R: sample)
    - Scale: Appropriate, easy to read and graph occupies at least ½ of grid.
    All values on the vertical axis are in 2 dp
    - All bars plotted in accurately
    - Bars are of equal width, with equal spacing in between each bar
    1.0
    0
    0.9
    0
    0.8
    0
    0.7
    0
    0.6
    0
    0.5
    0
    0.4
    0
    0.3
    0
    0.2 of ‘urine’ sample [1]
    1d. variable: volume
    0
    explanation: to ensure that concentration of glucose is the only independent variable [1]
    0.1
    1e. Sample D is 0
    from
    a healthy person and Samples A, B, C and E are taken from unhealthy
    people [1].
    Healthy people (where sample D is collected) do not have glucose in their urine [1].
    Unhealthy people (where samples A, B, C and E are collected) are unable to reabsorb all
    the glucose from the glomerular filtrate at the kidneys [1].

    Page 1 of 3
    1f. Any 2 sets of the following. Max: [4]
    source of error [1] Improvement [1]
    [P: if impact on results not discussed]
    It is difficult to determine the exact time when Repeat the experiment to obtain an
    the first sign of colour change occurs, hence the average time taken for first sign of
    reading may be higher or lower than expected. colour change to improve the reliability
    of result.
    With the lack of instruction to wash the syringes, Wash and dry the syringe after each
    contamination of urine samples may occur, use before using the syringe to collect
    hence the reading may be higher or lower than the other urine samples.
    expected.
    OR
    With limited number of syringes, dilution may
    occur when syringes are washed but cannot be
    completely dry, hence the reading may be lower
    than expected.
    Use of the 10 cm3 syringe to collect 2 cm3 of Use the 5 cm3 syringe to collect
    Benedict’s solution may result in inaccurate Benedict’s solution.
    volumes collected, hence the reading may be
    higher or lower than expected.

    1g. [1] each. Total: [4]


    - independent variable – temperature of water bath + dependent variable – time
    taken for the first sign of colour change
    - ≥ two constant variables, e.g. volume of glucose solution/ deionized water,
    duration of incubation
    - apparatus and precautions – manner of maintaining temperature in water bath
    - interpretation and prediction of results – relate time recorded with concentration of
    glucose solution and rate of diffusion

    1. Place 5 cm3 of glucose solution in the Visking tubing. Rinse the surface of the
    Visking tubing in case of contact with the glucose solution.
    2. Dry the surface of the Visking tubing and immerse it into a large test tube
    containing 20 cm3 of deionised water as shown in Fig. 1.2.
    3. Immerse the set-up in a beaker of water bath at 10˚C and start the stopwatch
    immediately.
    4. Maintain the temperature of water bath using a thermometer and a mixture of hot
    and cold water.
    5. At the end of 30 minutes, collect 2 cm 3 of the liquid from the large test tube to
    carry out a Benedict’s test. Note the time taken for the first sign of a colour change
    at the top of the liquid with a stopwatch.
    6. Repeat the above steps with beaker of water bath at varying temperatures: 20˚C,
    30˚C, 40˚C, 50˚C, 60˚C.
    7. The shorter the time taken for the colour change to occur, the higher the
    concentration of glucose in the liquid which indicates a higher rate of diffusion of
    glucose in that temperature. [A: Reverse argument] (The higher the temperature,
    the higher the rate of diffusion.)

    2a. i. [1] each. Total: [4]


    - Proportion of the two rings of tissues: green fruit skin and white tissue under it
    Size: At least half of space provided occupied
    - Quality of lines: Drawing done using free hand to produce clean & continuous
    lines (P: Broken & overlapped lines)
    - Resemblance: Details of the sectors. Details of juicy pulp for at least one sector
    Page 2 of 3
    - Title: Transverse Section of lime fruit [A: T.S]

    Transverse Section of lime fruit

    ii. [1m for realistic length. 1m for units included in both recordings (in cm / mm)]
    iii. [1m for working. 1m for answer in 2 sf]
    Magnification = length of drawing / length of actual

    2b. i. [1m for each correct annotation with adaptations of parts described)
    Note: annotations include short notes; it is not simply a label]

    small & compact


    big petal as landing
    stigma so insect
    point for insects
    can easily rub
    against it
    stamen is within the
    flower so that insect can
    easily rub against the
    anthers easily

    2b. ii. [Any 3 differences; 1m for each difference]


    Flowers of Citrus Flowers of Bromus
    Stamen is non-pendulous Stamen is pendulous.
    Stigma is non-feathery Stigma is feathery
    Stamens are not protruding out of the Stamens are protruding out of the flower
    flower
    Anthers are enclosed within the flower Anthers are hanging outside the flower

    2c. Pollen grains of Hibiscus is adapted for insect pollination while pollen grains of Pinus is
    adapted for wind pollination [1].
    Pollen grains of Hibiscus have a rough surface with spikes, which will help to cling onto the
    body of insects [1].
    Pollen grains of Pinus are relatively smoother, allowing them to be easily blown away by
    wind [1].
    Pollen grains of Pinus are smaller in size (about 0.07mm as opposed to 0.17mm of the
    Hibiscus) hence they are easily carried by the wind [1].

    Page 3 of 3

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