Research Highlights On Green Manuring and Rice Production

(INTERNATIONAL)
TITLE:
“Application of perennial legume green manures to improve growth and yield of organic lowland
rice”
AUTHORS:
M. Winarni, P. Yudono , D. Indradewa , and B.H. Sunarminto
LINK:
https://download.garuda.kemdikbud.go.id/article.php?article=614280&val=7328&title=Application
%20of%20perennial%20legume%20green%20manures%20to%20improve%20growth%20and%20yield
%20of%20organic%20lowland%20rice
(NATIONAL)
TITLE:
“Agronomic Response, Nutrient Uptake, and Profitability of PSB Rc18 Lowland Rice Under Organic
Production Systems”
AUTHORS:
Minerva L. Gaurana-Nune and Berta C. Ratilla
LINK:
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Minerva-Gaurana/publication/
344602786_Agronomic_Response_Nutrient_Uptake_and_Profitability_of_PSB_Rc18_Lowland_Rice_
Under_Organic_Production_Systems/links/5f83c08c92851c14bcc13aff/Agronomic-Response-
Nutrient-Uptake-and-Profitability-of-PSB-Rc18-Lowland-Rice-Under-Organic-Production-Systems.pdf
(LOCAL)
TITLE:
“Diagnosing and Providing the Support Systems Needs of Small Scale Organic Rice Farmers in Bicol Region,
Philippines”
AUTHORS:
Carmelita N. Cervantes
LINK:
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Carmelita
Cervantes/publication/314094117_Diagnosing_and_Providing_the_Support_Systems_Needs_of_Small_Scale
_Organic_Rice_Farmers_in_Bicol_Region_Philippines/links/58b51676aca2725b541c436f/Diagnosing-and-
Providing-the-Support-Systems-Needs-of-Small-Scale-Organic-Rice-Farmers-in-Bicol-Region-Philippines.pdf
HIGHLIGHTS #1
Physiological traits and growth organic lowland rice
 The dosage 20 to 40 t G. sepium /ha gave the highest physiological trait and growth of rice, viz. rice N
uptake, leaf area/hill, chlorophyll content, transpiration rate, CO2-cell of leaf contents,
photosynthesis rate, plant height, and plant dry weight.
 The dosage of 20 t/ha was the best treatment of G. sepium leaf, followed by 20 t/ha of S. grandiflora,
which could improve the traits of physiological and growth of the rice plant. The increase of N uptake
in rice was due to the release of N from the perennial legume green manure. G. sepium showed the
highest of N-total content (4.14%). The release of N from G. sepium leaves to the soil was higher than
that released by S. grandiflora leaves due to the lower content of total-N, 3.56% and 3,47%,
respectively.
Grain Yield
 Application of 20 t G. sepium /ha gave the highest yield components, i.e. number of panicles, and
panicle length, number of grains, percentage of grain filled, and grains thousand weight.
Highlights #2
 The application of organic materials was able to favorably affect the soil by increasing N mineralization as
exhibited by slight increase in total N after harvesting, and increase in soil microbial population especially
for T1.
 Plants grown in T2 had short stature, and early flowering as compared to plants in T1 which were tall, late
flowering, high LAI, and fresh biomass likely as a result of the amount and type of organic materials
applied in this treatment. T3 is comparable to both T1 and T2 in terms of agronomic characters. Grain
yield was also similar for all treatments where, T1 exhibited 8% higher yield from T3 while T2 has 8%
lower yield from T3.
 When the price of ordinary milled rice is followed, T3 resulted to highest benefit-cost ratio mainly
because it incurred the lowest production cost whereas investment in T2 doubled and only 50% of the
investment in T1 returned as profit. However, when the premium price of organic palay was considered in
the calculation, T2 resulted in the highest benefit-cost ratio which was even better than T3.
 REFERENCE:
Gaurana, M. L., & Ratilla, B. C. (2020). Agronomic response, nutrient uptake, and profitability of PSB
Rc18 lowland rice under organic production systems. Philippine Journal of Crop Science (PJCS), 45(1), 46-
55.
HIGHLIGHTS #3
Land Preparation- Field is drained to allow rice stubbles to decompose and weeds to grow. Spraying of IMO
combined with FPJ is done every week to hasten decomposition of rice stubbles.
Planting- In transplanted rice under SRI, it is done by early planting of seedlings (8-12 days after sowing) at 1-2
seedlings per hill with a distance not closer than 25m by 25 cm in marked soil to obtain the optimum tillering
potential of rice plants. Seed requirement is only 6-10 kg per hectare.
Fertilization - Organic fertilizers like vermicompost and composted plant and animal wastes are applied at
land preparation at a minimum of 15 bags per hectare. Liquid fertilizers like combinations of indigenous
microorganism, fermented plant juices, fish or snail amino acid, calcium phosphates and vermin tea are
sprayed at 1 small sardine can per tankload (regular size sprayer) at weekly interval.
Pest Management- Insect pests are controlled with the use of botanicals and natural pest management.
Golden Apple Snail (GAS) is controlled through hand picking throughout the growing stage of rice, crushing of
eggs, proper water management, duck grazing, and application of CRH and making of canalets.
Irrigation management- the farmers practiced the intermittent irrigation for weed and snails management
and to optimize the tillering. In SRI method the, soil is maintained moist but not flooded during vegetative
stage.

Research Highlights On Green Manuring and Rice Production

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(INTERNATIONAL)

M. Winarni, P. Yudono , D. Indradewa , and B.H. Sunarminto

Minerva L. Gaurana-Nune and Berta C. Ratilla

Physiological traits and growth organic lowland rice

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