Benha University Department: Civil Engineering

Benha Faculty of Engineering Program: Structural

Semester: Midterm 2021-2022 Subject: Structural Analysis

Examiner: Prof. Ashraf Abourayan Code: CE1311
Total Marks: 100

Question 1: {35} 10KN

14KN.m 14KN.m
For the shown beam determine 1
1
2
1
the following: EI
EI
1 3
2
a- Joint displacements (15)
4m
4m
b- Joint forces (10)
c- Draw F.B.D for the element forces and joint forces (5)
d- check the stiffness coefficients if the 2nd column of the structure stiffness
matrix (5)
Given that: E=200Gpa, I= 5.4x109 mm4
𝐿 = 4𝑚
𝛼 = 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡
<15>
1- Unknowns: (1)
𝑛 = 2(3) − 3 = 3
−14
𝑄= [ 0 ]
14

2- Element Model :
𝑓 𝑖 = 𝑘. 𝑑𝑖 ,
12 6𝐿 −12 6𝐿
6𝐿 4𝐿2 −6𝐿 2𝐿2 𝐸𝐼
𝑘= 𝛼 [ ] 𝛼=
−12 −6𝐿 12 −6𝐿 𝐿3
6𝐿 2𝐿2 −6𝐿 4𝐿2

1|
 Benha University Department: Civil Engineering
Benha Faculty of Engineering Program: Structural

Semester: Midterm 2021-2022 Subject: Structural Analysis

Examiner: Prof. Ashraf Abourayan Code: CE1311
Total Marks: 100

3- System Model:

- M-code: (3)

0 0
1 2
𝑀=[ ]
0 0
2 3

𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑚𝑡 1: (3) 𝐸𝑙𝑒𝑚𝑒𝑚𝑡 2: (3)

4𝐿2 2𝐿2 0 0 0 0
(2)
𝑘 (1) = [2𝐿2 4𝐿2 0] 𝑘 = [0 4𝐿2 2𝐿2 ]
0 0 0 0 2𝐿2 4𝐿2

2
4𝐿2 2𝐿2 0
𝑘 𝑠 = ∑ 𝑘 𝑖 = 𝛼 [2𝐿2 8𝐿2 2𝐿2 ]
𝑖=1 0 2𝐿2 4𝐿2

4- Solution :

−14 4𝐿2 2𝐿2 0 𝑞1

[ 0 ] = 𝛼 [2𝐿2 8𝐿2 2𝐿2 ] [𝑞2 ] (2)
14 0 2𝐿2 4𝐿2 𝑞3

2|
 Benha University Department: Civil Engineering
Benha Faculty of Engineering Program: Structural

Semester: Midterm 2021-2022 Subject: Structural Analysis

Examiner: Prof. Ashraf Abourayan Code: CE1311
Total Marks: 100

−3.5 3.5
𝑞1 = = −1.27𝑥10−5 , 𝑞2 = 0 , 𝑞3 = = 1.27𝑥10−5 (3)
𝛼𝐿2 𝛼𝐿2

5- Element force: <5>

-Element 1:
𝐷11 0 0 0
1
𝐷 1 𝑞 𝑞
𝐷1 = 21 ⇒ [ 1 ] → 𝑑1 = 𝐷1 = [ 1 ] (1)
𝐷3 0 0 0
[𝐷41 ] 2 𝑞2 𝑞2

12 6𝐿 −12 6𝐿
0
−3.5
1 1 1 6𝐿 4𝐿2 −6𝐿 2𝐿2
𝑓 = 𝑘 𝑑 =𝛼 [ ] 𝛼𝐿2
−12 −6𝐿 12 −6𝐿
2 0
6𝐿 2𝐿 −6𝐿 4𝐿2
[ 0 ]
−5.25
−14.0
=[ ] (𝟏. 𝟓)
5.25
−7

3|
 Benha University Department: Civil Engineering
Benha Faculty of Engineering Program: Structural

Semester: Midterm 2021-2022 Subject: Structural Analysis

Examiner: Prof. Ashraf Abourayan Code: CE1311
Total Marks: 100

Element 2:
𝐷1 2 0 0 0
2
𝐷 2 𝑞 𝑞
𝐷2 = 2 2 ⇒ [ 2 ] → 𝑑2 = 𝐷2 = [ 2 ] (𝟏)
𝐷3 0 0 0
[𝐷4 2 ] 3 𝑞3 𝑞3
0
12 6𝐿 −12 6𝐿
2 2 0
6𝐿 4𝐿 −6𝐿 2𝐿
𝑓 2 = 𝑘 2 𝑑2 = 𝛼 [ ] 0
−12 −6𝐿 12 −6𝐿
3.5
6𝐿 2𝐿2 −6𝐿 4𝐿2
[ 𝛼𝐿2 ]
5.25
7
=[ ] (𝟏. 𝟓)
−5.25
14

6- Joint Forces: <5>

−5.25
𝑝1 = 𝐹𝑎 1 = [ ] (𝟏)
−14

−10 5.25 5.25 −10 20.5

𝑝2 = 𝐹𝑏 1 + 𝐹𝑎 2 − [ ]=[ ]+[ ]−[ ]=[ ] (𝟑)
0 −7 7 0 0

−5.25
𝑝3 = 𝐹𝑏 2 = [ ] (𝟏)
14

4|
 Benha University Department: Civil Engineering
Benha Faculty of Engineering Program: Structural

Semester: Midterm 2021-2022 Subject: Structural Analysis

Examiner: Prof. Ashraf Abourayan Code: CE1311
Total Marks: 100

F.B.D <5>

Check Column (2): <5>

𝑄1 𝐾11 𝐾12 𝐾13 𝑞1 𝑄1 𝐾12

[𝑄2 ] = [𝐾21 𝐾22 𝐾23 ] [𝑞2 ] / 𝑞1 = 𝑞3 = 0 , 𝑞2 = 1 ⇒ [𝑄2 ] = [𝐾22 ]
𝑄3 𝐾31 𝐾32 𝐾33 𝑞3 𝑄3 𝐾32

𝑄1 = 2𝛼𝐿2 / 𝑄2 = 4𝛼𝐿2 + 4𝛼𝐿2 = 8𝛼𝐿2 / 𝑄3 = 2𝛼𝐿2

5|
 Benha University Department: Civil Engineering
Benha Faculty of Engineering Program: Structural

Semester: Midterm 2021-2022 Subject: Structural Analysis

Examiner: Prof. Ashraf Abourayan Code: CE1311
Total Marks: 100

Q(2) For the shown structures, Fig2, Do the following:

a) compute (n).
b) complete the drawing: by showing the joint
displacement(qk), the applied joint forces (Qk) ,and
local reference frames.
c) isolate one element: show the end displacements and
formulate the conditions of compatibility (global
coordinate).
d) Define the member code(M) in matrix form for all elements.
Fig.2
e) Formulate the system stiffness matrix for the shown structure.
f) Check the stiffness coefficient of the 2nd column of the structure stiffness matrix.

Solution
i-For frame structure
a) compute (n).
n = L*Nj – Nc
1
n = (3*5) - 9 = 6
QK= (Q1 , Q2 , Q3, Q4 , Q5 , Q6 )
qk = (q1 ,q2 ,q3 ,q4 ,q5 ,q6 )
b) the joint displacement(qk), the applied joint forces (Qk), and local reference frames.

6|
 Benha University Department: Civil Engineering
Benha Faculty of Engineering Program: Structural

Semester: Midterm 2021-2022 Subject: Structural Analysis

Examiner: Prof. Ashraf Abourayan Code: CE1311
Total Marks: 100

c) isolate one element :show the end displacements ,and formulate the conditions of
compatibility (global coordinate).

𝑫𝟏 𝟐 = 𝒒𝟏 , 𝑫𝟐 𝟐 = 𝒒𝟐 , 𝑫𝟑 𝟐 = 𝒒𝟑
3
𝟐 𝟐 𝟐
𝑫𝟒 = 𝒒𝟒 , 𝑫𝟓 = 𝒒𝟓 , 𝑫𝟔 = 𝒒𝟔

7|
 Benha University Department: Civil Engineering
Benha Faculty of Engineering Program: Structural

Semester: Midterm 2021-2022 Subject: Structural Analysis

Examiner: Prof. Ashraf Abourayan Code: CE1311
Total Marks: 100

d) Define the member code(M) in matrix form for all elements.

𝟎 𝟏 𝟒 𝟒
𝟎 𝟐 𝟓 𝟓
𝟎 𝟑 𝟔 𝟔 3
𝑴 (𝒄𝒐𝒅𝒆) =
𝟏 𝟒 𝟎 𝟎
𝟐 𝟓 𝟎 𝟎
𝟑 𝟔 𝟎 𝟎
e) Formulate the system stiffness matrix for the shown structure.
10
L1 : L2 : L3 : L4
10 : 6: 6 :10 L2=L3=L=6m L1=L4=5/3 L

𝜶𝟏 ∶ 𝜶𝟐 ∶ 𝜶𝟑 ∶ 𝜶𝟒
𝑬𝑰 𝑬𝑰 𝑬𝑰 𝑬𝑰
𝟓
∶ 𝟓
∶ 𝟓
∶ 𝟓
(𝟑 𝑳)𝟑 (𝟑 𝑳)𝟑 (𝟑 𝑳)𝟑 (𝟑 𝑳)𝟑
𝟗 𝟑𝟔
𝜶 ∶ 𝜶∶ 𝜶 ∶ 𝜶
𝟏𝟐𝟓 𝟏𝟐𝟓
𝜷𝟏 ∶ 𝜷𝟐 ∶ 𝜷𝟑 ∶ 𝜷𝟒
𝟓 𝟓
𝑨(𝟑 𝑳)𝟐 𝑨(𝑳)𝟐 𝑨(𝑳)𝟐 𝑨(𝟑 𝑳)𝟐
∶ ∶ ∶
𝑰 𝑰 𝟑𝑰 𝟒𝑰
𝟐𝟓 𝟐𝟓
𝜷 ∶ 𝜷 ∶ 𝜷 ∶ 𝜷
𝟑 𝟑𝟔

8|
 Benha University Department: Civil Engineering
Benha Faculty of Engineering Program: Structural

Semester: Midterm 2021-2022 Subject: Structural Analysis

Examiner: Prof. Ashraf Abourayan Code: CE1311
Total Marks: 100

𝟒𝟖 𝟗𝟕𝟐 𝟑𝟔 𝟏𝟐𝟗𝟔 𝟓𝟒
𝜷− 𝜷−
𝟏𝟐𝟓 𝟑𝟏𝟐𝟓 𝟏𝟐𝟓 𝟑𝟏𝟐𝟓 𝟏𝟐𝟓
𝟑𝟔 𝟏𝟐𝟗𝟔 𝟐𝟕 𝟏𝟕𝟐𝟖 −𝟕𝟐 𝟎 𝟎 𝟎
𝜷− 𝜷+ 𝟎 𝟎 𝟎
𝟏𝟐𝟓 𝟑𝟏𝟐𝟓 𝟏𝟐𝟓 𝟑𝟏𝟐𝟓 𝟏𝟐𝟓 𝟎 𝟎 𝟎
𝑲(𝟏) = 𝜶 𝟓𝟒 −𝟕𝟐 𝟒 𝟐
𝑳 𝟎 𝟎 𝟎
𝟏𝟐𝟓 𝟏𝟐𝟓 𝟓 𝟎 𝟎 𝟎
𝟎 𝟎 𝟎 𝟎 𝟎 𝟎
𝟎 𝟎 𝟎
𝟎 𝟎 𝟎

𝜷 𝟎 𝟎 −𝜷 𝟎 𝟎
𝟎 𝟏𝟐 𝟔𝑳 𝟎 −𝟏𝟐 𝟔𝑳
𝟎 𝟔𝑳 𝟒𝑳𝟐 𝟎 −𝟔𝑳 𝟐𝑳𝟐
𝑲(𝟐) =𝜶
−𝜷 𝟎 𝟎 𝜷 𝟎 𝟎
𝟎 −𝟏𝟐 −𝟔𝑳 𝟎 𝟏𝟐 −𝟔𝑳
𝟎 𝟔𝑳 𝟐𝑳𝟐 𝟎 −𝟔𝑳 𝟒𝑳𝟐

𝟎 𝟎 𝟎 𝟎 𝟎 𝟎
𝟎 𝟎 𝟎 𝟎 𝟎 𝟎
𝟎 𝟎 𝟎 𝟎 𝟎 𝟎
𝑲(𝟑) =𝜶
𝟎 𝟎 𝟎 𝟏𝟐 𝟎 −𝟔𝑳
𝟎 𝟎 𝟎 𝟎 𝜷 𝟎
𝟎 𝟎 𝟎 −𝟔𝑳 𝟎 𝟒𝑳𝟐

9|
 Benha University Department: Civil Engineering
Benha Faculty of Engineering Program: Structural

Semester: Midterm 2021-2022 Subject: Structural Analysis

Examiner: Prof. Ashraf Abourayan Code: CE1311
Total Marks: 100

𝟎 𝟎 𝟎
𝟎 𝟎 𝟎
𝟎 𝟎 𝟎 𝟎 𝟎 𝟎
𝟎 𝟎 𝟎 𝟒𝟖 𝟏𝟐𝟗𝟔 −𝟑𝟔 𝟐𝟏𝟔
𝟎 𝟎 𝟎 𝜷+ 𝜷 + 𝟏. 𝟔𝟓𝟗
𝑲(𝟒) =𝜶 𝟏𝟐𝟓 𝟔𝟐𝟓 𝟏𝟐𝟓 𝟏𝟐𝟓
𝟎 𝟎 𝟎 −𝟑𝟔 𝟐𝟕 𝟑𝟖𝟖𝟖 𝟐𝟖𝟖
𝟎 𝟎 𝟎 𝜷 + 𝟏. 𝟔𝟓𝟗 𝜷+
𝟎 𝟎 𝟎 𝟏𝟐𝟓 𝟏𝟐𝟓 𝟑𝟏𝟐𝟓 𝟏𝟐𝟓
𝟐𝟏𝟔 𝟐𝟖𝟖 𝟏𝟔 𝟐
𝑳
𝟏𝟐𝟓 𝟏𝟐𝟓 𝟓

𝟏𝟔𝟏 𝟏𝟐𝟗𝟔 𝟑𝟔 𝟏𝟐𝟗𝟔 𝟓𝟒 −𝜷 𝟎 𝟎

𝜷− 𝜷− 𝟔𝑳
𝟏𝟐𝟓 𝟑𝟏𝟐𝟓 𝟏𝟐𝟓 𝟑𝟏𝟐𝟓 𝟏𝟐𝟓 𝟎 −𝟏𝟐
𝟑𝟔 𝟏𝟐𝟗𝟔 𝟐𝟕 𝟕𝟐 𝟎 −𝟔𝑳 𝟐𝑳𝟐
𝜷− 𝜷 + 𝟏𝟐. 𝟓𝟓𝟑 𝟔𝑳 − 𝟏𝟕𝟑 𝟏𝟐𝟗𝟔 −𝟑𝟔 𝟐𝟏𝟔
𝟏𝟐𝟓 𝟑𝟏𝟐𝟓 𝟏𝟐𝟓 𝟏𝟐𝟓 𝜷+ 𝜷 + 𝟏. 𝟔𝟓𝟗
𝑲𝒔𝒚𝒔 =𝜶 𝟓𝟒 𝟕𝟐 𝟐𝟒 𝟐 𝟏𝟐𝟓 𝟔𝟐𝟓 𝟏𝟐𝟓 𝟏𝟐𝟓
𝟔𝑳 − 𝑳 −𝟑𝟔 𝟐𝟕 𝟐𝟖𝟖
𝟏𝟐𝟓 𝟏𝟐𝟓 𝟓 𝜷 + 𝟏. 𝟔𝟓𝟗 𝜷 + 𝟏𝟑. 𝟐𝟒𝟒 −𝟔𝑳 +
−𝜷 𝟎 𝟎 𝟏𝟐𝟓 𝟏𝟐𝟓 𝟏𝟐𝟓
𝟎 −𝟏𝟐 −𝟔𝑳 𝟐𝟏𝟔 𝟐𝟖𝟖 𝟑𝟔 𝟐
−𝟔𝑳 + 𝑳
𝟎 𝟔𝑳 𝟐𝑳𝟐 𝟏𝟐𝟓 𝟏𝟐𝟓 𝟓

10

f) Check the stiffness coefficient of the 2nd column of the structure stiffness matrix.

𝑸𝟏 𝑲𝟏𝟏 𝑲𝟏𝟐 𝑲𝟏𝟑 𝑲𝟏𝟒 𝑲𝟏𝟓 𝑲𝟏𝟔 𝒒𝟏

𝑸𝟐 𝑲𝟐𝟏 𝑲𝟐𝟐 𝑲𝟐𝟑 𝑲𝟐𝟒 𝑲𝟐𝟓 𝑲𝟐𝟔 𝒒𝟐
𝑸𝟑 𝑲𝟑𝟏 𝑲𝟑𝟐 𝑲𝟑𝟑 𝑲𝟑𝟒 𝑲𝟑𝟓 𝑲𝟑𝟔 𝒒𝟑
= 𝒒𝟒
𝑸𝟒 𝑲𝟒𝟏 𝑲𝟒𝟐 𝑲𝟒𝟑 𝑲𝟒𝟒 𝑲𝟒𝟓 𝑲𝟒𝟔
𝑸𝟓 𝑲𝟓𝟏 𝑲𝟓𝟐 𝑲𝟓𝟑 𝑲𝟓𝟒 𝑲𝟓𝟓 𝑲𝟓𝟔 𝒒𝟓
𝑸𝟔 𝑲𝟔𝟏 𝑲𝟔𝟐 𝑲𝟔𝟑 𝑲𝟔𝟒 𝑲𝟔𝟓 𝑲𝟔𝟔 𝒒𝟔

10 |
 Benha University Department: Civil Engineering
Benha Faculty of Engineering Program: Structural

Semester: Midterm 2021-2022 Subject: Structural Analysis

Examiner: Prof. Ashraf Abourayan Code: CE1311
Total Marks: 100

Assume q2=1, other

q1=q3=q4=q5=q6=0
Q1=K12 , Q2=K22 ,Q3=K32 ,
Q4=K42 ,Q5=K52 , Q6=K62
−𝒈𝟏𝟐
−𝒈𝟏𝟑
−𝒈𝟏
𝑭𝟏 = 𝟏𝟓
𝒈𝟐
𝒈𝟏𝟑
−𝒈𝟏𝟓

𝒈𝟐𝟐
𝒈𝟐𝟑
𝟐 𝒈𝟐𝟓
𝑭 =
−𝒈𝟐𝟐
−𝒈𝟐𝟑
−𝒈𝟏𝟓

𝑭𝟑 = 𝑭𝟑 = 𝟎

36 1296 36 1296
K12-g21- g22=0 K12=g21+ g52=𝛼( 𝛽− ) + 0 = 𝛼( 𝛽− )
125 3125 125 3125
27 1728 27
K22-g31- g32=0 K12=g31+ g32=𝛼( 𝛽+ ) + 12 = 𝛼( 𝛽 + 12.553)
125 3125 125
−72 −72
K32+g51- g52=0 K12=-g51+ g52=𝛼( ) + 6𝛼𝐿 = 𝛼(6𝐿 − )
125 125

11 |
 Benha University Department: Civil Engineering
Benha Faculty of Engineering Program: Structural

Semester: Midterm 2021-2022 Subject: Structural Analysis

Examiner: Prof. Ashraf Abourayan Code: CE1311
Total Marks: 100

K42+g22 =0 K42 =0
K52+g32 =0 K52 =-12 𝛼
K62-g52 =0 K62 =6𝛼𝐿

12 |
 Benha University Department: Civil Engineering
Benha Faculty of Engineering Program: Structural

Semester: Midterm 2021-2022 Subject: Structural Analysis

Examiner: Prof. Ashraf Abourayan Code: CE1311
Total Marks: 100

13 |
 Benha University Department: Civil Engineering
Benha Faculty of Engineering Program: Structural

Semester: Midterm 2021-2022 Subject: Structural Analysis

Examiner: Prof. Ashraf Abourayan Code: CE1311
Total Marks: 100

14 |
 Benha University Department: Civil Engineering
Benha Faculty of Engineering Program: Structural

Semester: Midterm 2021-2022 Subject: Structural Analysis

Examiner: Prof. Ashraf Abourayan Code: CE1311
Total Marks: 100

15 |
 Benha University Department: Civil Engineering
Benha Faculty of Engineering Program: Structural

Semester: Midterm 2021-2022 Subject: Structural Analysis

Examiner: Prof. Ashraf Abourayan Code: CE1311
Total Marks: 100

16 |
 Benha University Department: Civil Engineering
Benha Faculty of Engineering Program: Structural

Semester: Midterm 2021-2022 Subject: Structural Analysis

Examiner: Prof. Ashraf Abourayan Code: CE1311
Total Marks: 100

17 |