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Optical Fiber Sample Question

Fiber

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59 views3 pages

Optical Fiber Sample Question

Fiber

Uploaded by

tsarker2580
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1. a. What is acceptance angle?

b. A silica optical fiber with a core diameter large enough to be considered by


ray theory analysis has a core refractive index of 1.50 and a cladding
refractive index of 1.47 and nair = 1. Determine: (a) The critical angle at the
core–cladding interface (b) The NA for the fiber (c) The acceptance angle
in air for the fiber. (d) If the incident angle Өi of air and core interface is 12o
will there be TIR?

2. a. With proper diagram write down Snell’s Law and state the conditions for
total internal reflection.
b. Write the principle of Light propagation in optical fiber.
c. With proper diagram derive the equation for NA while you have a fiber with
core and cladding refractive index is given by n1 and n2 respectively.

3. Write short notes on below


a. Single mode fiber , Multimode fiber
b. Step index fiber , Graded index fiber
c. Write down the features of NA.
d. Major elements of an optical fiber link

4. a. What is attenuation? Find out the total attenuation of fiber of length L (2)

b. Silica has an estimated fictive temperature of 1400 K with an isothermal (4)


compressibility of 7×10−11 m2N−1. The refractive index and the photoelastic
coefficient for silica are 1.46 and 0.286 respectively .Determine the
theoretical attenuation in decibels per kilometer due to the fundamental
Rayleigh scattering in silica at optical wavelengths of 1.00 and 1.3 μm.
Boltzmann’s constant is 1.381×10−21 JK−1.

c. When the mean optical power launched into an 8 km length of fiber is 120 (4)
μW, the mean optical power at the fiber output is 3 μW.

Determine:
(a) The overall signal attenuation or loss in decibels through the fiber
assuming there are no connectors or splices.
(b) The signal attenuation per kilometer for the fiber.
(c) The overall signal attenuation for a 10 km optical link using the same
fiber with splices at 1 km intervals, each giving an attenuation of 1 dB;
(d) The numerical input/output power ratio in (c)

5 a. With a neat diagram describe the working principal of four point coupler and (6)
write equation of loss, cross talk and split ratio.

b. A four-port multimode fiber FBT coupler has 60 μW optical powers (4)


launched into port 1. The measured output powers at ports 2, 3 and 4 are
0.004, 26.0 and 27.5 μW respectively. Determine the excess loss, the
insertion losses between the input and output ports, the crosstalk and the
split ratio for the device.

6. a. Derive the Material dispersion factor M for single mode fiber (6)

b. A multimode graded index fiber exhibits total pulse broadening of 0.1 μs (4)
over a distance of 15 km. Estimate:

(a) the maximum possible bandwidth on the link assuming no inter symbol
interference;
(b) the pulse dispersion per unit length;
(c) the bandwidth–length product for the fiber

7. a. Define group velocity and phase velocity. (2)


b. With proper diagram derive the equation for group velocity and prove that it (5)
is directly proportional to velocity of light.
c. Determine the cutoff wavelength for a step index fiber to exhibit single- (3)
mode operation when the core refractive index and radius are 1.46 and 4.5
μm, respectively, with the relative index difference being 0.25%, say the
cutoff normalized frequency for single mode fiber is 2.405.
8. a. Derive the pulse broadening σs for multimode step index fiber

b. A multimode step index fiber has a numerical aperture of 0.3 and a core
refractive index of 1.45. The material dispersion parameter for the fiber is
250 ps nm−1 km−1 which makes material dispersion the totally
dominating chromatic dispersion mechanism. Estimate

(a) The total rms pulse broadening per kilometer when the fiber is
used with an LED source of rms spectral width 50 nm and
(b) The corresponding bandwidth–length product for the fiber.

9. a. A 6 km optical link consists of multimode step index fiber with a core


refractive index of 1.5 and a relative refractive index difference of 1%.
Estimate:
(a) the delay difference between the slowest and fastest modes at the
fiber output;
(b) the rms pulse broadening due to intermodal dispersion on the link;
(c) the maximum bit rate that may be obtained without substantial errors
on thelink assuming only intermodal dispersion;
(d) the bandwidth–length product corresponding to (c).

Prove that the responsivity of photo detector is,


b. where η is the quantum efficiency.

Evaluate the responsivity of the photodiode at 0.85 μm and 40% quantum


c. efficiency.

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