IT1908

CONSTRUCTORS public Student() {

name = "No name yet.";
Fundamentals age = 0;
• A constructor is used in the creation of an object that is an }
instance of a class using the new keyword. public Student(String name, int age) {
Ex. Employee emp = new Employee(); this.name = name;
o A constructor performs operations required to this.age = age;
initialize the class before methods are invoked or }
fields are accessed. public static void main(String[] args) {
Ex. public Employee() { Student s1 = new Student();
salary = 15000; System.out.println(s1.name + ", " + s1.age);
} s1.name = "Riven Reyes";
Explanation: Every Employee object created will have s1.age = 17;
a default starting salary of 15000 per month. System.out.println(s1.name + ", " + s1.age);
o Constructors are never inherited. Student s2 = new Student("Nika Pena", 18);
o Constructor declarations use the name of the class System.out.println(s2.name + ", " s2.age);
and have no return type. }
• If you do not include any constructors in a class, Java provides }
a default constructor, a constructor with an empty Explanation: Instances of the Student class can be created
parameter list and body. This is invisibly added to the class. It with or without arguments. Student s1 = new Student();
is also known as a no-argument constructor. calls the default constructor because it does not have
Ex. public Employee() { } arguments.
• The this keyword is used when the instance variable has the • When a constructor calls another constructor with a greater
same name with the constructor’s parameter. number of parameters, it is called constructor chaining. This
Example: is accomplished using the this keyword too. The this() call
public class Employee { must be the first statement in the constructor.
private double salary; Example:
public Employee(double salary) { public Student() {
this.salary = salary; this("No name yet.");
} }
} public Student(String name) {
this(name, 0);
Constructor Overloading }
• Constructor overloading occurs when constructors have public Student(String name, int age) {
different type parameters. this.name = name;
Example: this.age = age;
public class Student { }
private String name; Reference:
private int age; Oracle Docs (n.d.). Citing sources. Retrieved from
https://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/java/javaOO/index.html

04 Handout 1 *Property of STI

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