12 Principles of Green Chemistry

12 Principles of Green
Chemistry
By
Dr. Pangkita Deka
OUTLINE
1) History
2) 12 principles in detail
3) Important Green Process
HISTORY
U.S. Environmental Protection Agency -1970
Protecting human health and the environment - use of DDT and
other chemical pesticides,
Safe Drinking Water Act in 1974
Love Canal Tragedy, NW
Canal to connect Niagara river to the falls to generate electricity.

Hooker Chemical Company - 82 different compounds, 11 of them
suspected carcinogens -22, 000 tons
100 homes and a public school built
Trees and gardens were turning black and dying
entire swimming pool had been popped up from its foundation
birth defects, increase of white cells – leukaemia.
Paul Anastas is called father of green chemistry.
Sustainable Chemistry
• Sustainable chemistry encompasses the design, manufacture and use of efficient,
effective, safe and more environmentally benign chemical products and processes.
• Sustainable chemistry is a broad term that encompasses all environmentally-
friendly practices in chemistry. These include minimizing the carbon footprint and
designing efficient chemical processes that produce the least possible amount of
waste products.
The environmental and societal benefits of sustainable chemistry include:
• Avoiding the use of persistent, bio accumulative, toxic, and otherwise

hazardous materials;
• Using renewable resources and decreasing consumption of non-renewable
resources,
• Minimising negative environmental impacts of chemical processing and
manufacturing;
• Providing technologies that are economically competitive for and
advantageous to industry.
The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
• The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), also known as the Global
Goals, were adopted by the United Nations in 2015 as a universal call to
action to end poverty, protect the planet, and ensure that by 2030 all
people enjoy peace and prosperity.
• The 17 SDGs are integrated—they recognize that action in one area will
affect outcomes in others, and that development must balance social,
economic and environmental sustainability.
• Countries have committed to prioritize progress for those who're furthest

behind. The SDGs are designed to end poverty, hunger, AIDS, and
discrimination against women and girls.
• The creativity, knowhow, technology and financial resources from all of

society is necessary to achieve the SDGs in every context.
The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)
• The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) or Global Goals are a collection of
seventeen interlinked objectives designed to serve as a "shared blueprint for
peace and prosperity for people and the planet, now and into the future.“
• The short titles of the 17 SDGs are: No poverty (SDG 1), Zero hunger (SDG 2),
Good health and well-being (SDG 3), Quality education (SDG 4), Gender
equality (SDG 5), Clean water and sanitation (SDG 6), Affordable and clean
energy (SDG 7), Decent work and economic growth (SDG 8), Industry,
innovation and infrastructure (SDG 9), Reduced inequalities (SDG 10),
Sustainable cities and communities (SDG 11), Responsible consumption and
production (SDG 12), Climate action (SDG 13), Life below water (SDG 14), Life
on land (SDG 15), Peace, justice, and strong institutions (SDG 16), and
Partnerships for the goals (SDG 17).
• The SDGs emphasize the interconnected environmental, social and economic

aspects of sustainable development by putting sustainability at their center.
The Principles of Green Chemistry or
As the broader prospective of Sustainable chemistry encompasses green

chemistry , therefore it is not surprise that the principle of it overlap
with 12 principles of green chemistry.
The Principles of Green Chemistry
• Atom economy is important in chemistry because it provides a way to compare
different reactions and determine which one is the most efficient. By choosing
reactions with high atom economy, chemists can reduce the amount of waste
produced, conserve resources, and minimize environmental impact.
• The only way to improve the atom economy is to change the chemicals used. It
cannot be improved by a more complete reaction or by reducing loss of reactants
during the process, as is the case with percentage yield.
• Atom economy can be improved in a chemical reaction by choosing reactants that

contain the desired atoms, using the minimum amount of reactants needed, and
minimizing the production of unwanted side products. Chemists can also optimize
the reaction conditions, such as temperature and pressure, to maximize the yield of
the desired product.
• Percentage atom economy can be calculated by using the following formula:

Examples for calculation of Atom economy
Example: 2
Example: 1
Example: 3

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12 Principles of Green

Love Canal Tragedy, NW

Canal to connect Niagara river to the falls to generate electricity.

• Avoiding the use of persistent, bio accumulative, toxic, and otherwise

• Countries have committed to prioritize progress for those who're furthest

• The creativity, knowhow, technology and financial resources from all of

• The SDGs emphasize the interconnected environmental, social and economic

As the broader prospective of Sustainable chemistry encompasses green

• Atom economy can be improved in a chemical reaction by choosing reactants that

• Percentage atom economy can be calculated by using the following formula:

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