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First Conditional 2023

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43 views3 pages

First Conditional 2023

Uploaded by

ajapeescola755
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Zero conditional

We use the zero conditional when we want to talk about facts or things that are generally true.
Scientific facts are often covered by the zero conditional.

If+ simple present +simple present


1. If you leave ice in the sun, it melts.
2. If you heat ice cream, it melts.
3. If it rains, the ground gets wet.
4. If you stand in the rain, you get wet.
5. If you keep milk in the fridge, it lasts longer.
6. If you put water in the fridge, it becomes ice.
Exercise I
1. If it rains, a) they die. 1. ________
2. The engine starts b) if you have any problems. 2. ________
3. If I drink too much coffee, c) I take train to school. 3. ________
4. I always watch comedies d) if I feel sad. 4. ________
5. If plants don’t get water, e) I get a headache. 5. ________
6. My teacher gets angry f) if you turn the key. 6. ________
7. Phone this number g) if I am late for school. 7.

Exercise II
Write 5 sentences in the zero conditional

First conditional
If + present simple/present perfect/ present continuous + will/may/ can

Exercise I
Superstitions. Do you believe in luck? Complete the sentences with words and expressions from the
box.
bad luck break get has is red left open see throw
walk you’ll have you see you spill

1. If __________ a black cat, you’ll have good luck.


2. If __________ some wine, __________some salt over your left shoulder to keep bad luck away.
3. If the sky __________this evening, the weather is going to be fine tomorrow.
4. If your first visitor in the New Year __________dark hair, ______good luck all year.
5. You’ll have bad luck if you: ________under a ladder, _______ an umbrella in the house, or _____ a hat
on a bed. If you________a mirror, you’ll have seven years’ ________.
6. If the palm of your ________ hand itches, you’re going to ________ some money.

Exercise II
A child is complaining to his mother because she won’t let him to what he wants.
1. Why can’t I eat all of these cakes? 5. Why can’t I walk in the middle of the road?
2. Why can’t I climb up the ladder? 6. Why can’t I jump in the water?
3. Why can’t I watch TV all evening? 7. Why can’t I play with the knife?
4. Why can’t I play with the eggs? 8. Why can’t I put my finger in the socket?

1
His mother is worried about the consequences of these activities:
The child might cut himself, electrocute himself, get run over, get a headache, get stomachache, fall off
things, break things, get wet.

How does she answer the child’s questions?


1. Why can’t I eat all of these cakes?
If you eat all of the cakes you’ll get stomachache.

Second conditional
We use the second conditional to express an unreal situation and its probable result. The situation or
condition is improbable, impossible, imaginary, or contrary to known facts.

If + past simple or past continuous + would/might/ could

1. If I won some money, I’d go round the world.


2. My mother would kill me if saw me with that boy again.
3. If I were the president of my country, I’d increase taxes.
4. If my mother was still alive, she’d be very proud.
5. If Ted needed money, I’d lend him.
6. I’d take it easy for a while if I were you.
7. If I were you, I’d apologize to her.
8. If I were rich, I wouldn’t have to work.
9. If he were rich, he wouldn’t have to work.

Other modal verbs are possible in the result clause


1. I could buy some clothes if had some money.
2. If I saved a little every week, I might be able to save up for a car.
3. If you wanted that job, you’d have to apply very soon.

Negative
1. I’d give up my job if didn’t like it.
2. If I saw a ghost, I wouldn’t talk to it.

Question
1. What would you do if you saw someone shoplifting?
2. If you need help, who would you ask?

Exercise I
Say what would happen if things were different.
1. Paul / like sunshine/ come to Africa → If Paul liked sunshine, he would come to Africa.
2. Jane/work hard/get a better job
3. You/ speak more slowly/be easier to understand
4. We/ Take the car/get there soon
5. Graham/ speak English / live in London

Exercise II
Write 5 sentences in the second conditional

2
Both the first and second conditionals refer to the present and future. The difference is about
probability, not time. It is usually clear which conditional to use. First conditional sentences are real
and possible; second conditional sentences express situations that will probably never happen

The third conditional


We use the third conditional when we are talking about something which could have happened in the
past but did not actual happen or to speculate about something that happened in the past and how it
could have been different.

You use the past perfect in the conditional clause and in the main clause, you use would have/might
have/ could have + past participle

If + past perfect + would have/might have/ could have+ past participle

1. If he had realized that, he would have run away.


2. If I hadn’t been ill, I could have gone yesterday.
3. I might have bought some trousers if I had seen some
4. Peter would have phoned if there had been anything wrong.
5. I would have studied medicine if I had been good at sciences.
6. If it had rained yesterday, there wouldn’t have been many people there.
7. I wouldn’t have been depressed if I had known how common this feeling is.

Exercise I
Here are some true sentences about one person’s life. Can you complete them correctly?
1. He would have been happier at school if he had been good at sport. (be, be)
2. If his French lessons at school ______more interesting, he wouldn’t have studied German. (be)
3. If he hadn’t specialised in languages, he________ mathematics. (do)
4. When he was 24, he was seriously ill: if hadn’t been sent to a good hospital, he__________(die)
5. He wouldn’t have become a teacher if he__________ a particular man. (not meet)
6. If he hadn’t met a particular woman, he ________to live abroad. (not go)
7. If he _______less hard, he________himself more. (work, enjoy)
8. He would not have been so happy if he ______ a very good family life. ( not have)

Exercise II
Write 5 sentences in the third conditional

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