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IoT Security f2

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13 views24 pages

IoT Security f2

Uploaded by

Annie Wilson
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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B.Tech.

6th Sem

IoT – Security

Dr. Madhusudan Maiti


Assistant Professor, Dept. of ECE, CGU
Email: [email protected]
13-03-2023 2
C. V. Raman Global University, Odisha
Definition of Internet of Things (IoT)
 The term Internet of Things
was first used by Kevin
Ashton in 1999.
 Refers to uniquely
identifiable objects (things)
and their virtual
representations in an
Internet-like structure

Management

Education
IoT Retail
Applications

Food
IoTs can revolutionize quality of
Logistics
life

Pharmaceuticals
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C. V. Raman Global University, Odisha
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C. V. Raman Global University, Odisha
Physically Unclonable Function: a
Promising Security Primitive for Internet of
Things

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C. V. Raman Global University, Odisha
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C. V. Raman Global University, Odisha
Trust in IoT

• 50 Billion Devices to be connected by


2020!
• Devices need to trust the owner and also
each other.
• Devices connected through
heterogeneous network, and are
resource constrained.
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C. V. Raman Global University, Odisha
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C. V. Raman Global University, Odisha
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C. V. Raman Global University, Odisha
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C. V. Raman Global University, Odisha
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C. V. Raman Global University, Odisha
Classification of PUF (1/3)
Based on entropy source:

 PUFs using explicitly-introduced randomness


 Optical PUF
 Coating PUF
 PUFs using intrinsic randomness
 Delay PUF
 SRAM PUF
 Butterfly PUF
 Bistable ring PUF
 Magnetic PUF
 Metal Based PUF

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C. V. Raman Global University, Odisha
Classification of PUF (1/3)
Based on entropy source:

 PUFs using explicitly-introduced randomness


 Optical PUF
 Coating PUF
 PUFs using intrinsic randomness
 Delay PUF
 SRAM PUF
 Butterfly PUF
 Bistable ring PUF
 Magnetic PUF
 Metal Based PUF

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C. V. Raman Global University, Odisha
Classification of PUF (3/3)
Based on security of challenge-response behavior:

 Strong PUF
 It must have a very large challenge set, since otherwise the
adversary can simply query all challenges and no unknown
challenges are, and
 it is infeasible to built an accurate model of the PUF based on
observed challenge-response pairs (CRPs), or in other words
the PUF is unpredictable.
 Weak PUF
 It has small challenge-response set or
 Easy to build an accurate model based on observed CRPs.

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C. V. Raman Global University, Odisha
PUF Taxonomy
• Lightweight PUFs are composed of different
types of PUF building blocks

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C. V. Raman Global University, Odisha
PUF Primitive 3: Ring Oscillator PUF (ROPUF)

 An n-bit applied challenge selects two different ROs from a bank of 2n ROs
 Process variation implies ROs have different oscillation frequencies
 Compare frequencies of two oscillators using counters
 Comparator gives decision
 Advantage: Difficult to model
 Disadvantage: Exponential hardware requirement
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C. V. Raman Global University, Odisha
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C. V. Raman Global University, Odisha
PUF Primitive 1: Arbiter PUF
(APUF)

 Composed of n two-port switching stages, for an n-bit


challenge size
 n-bit challenge => 2n possible paths
 Unique path selected by a challenge
 Accumulated delay at the end of the path is compared by an
arbiter circuit (usually, an edge-triggered D flip-flop)
 Arbiter gives 1-bit decision
 Advantages: Simple structure, low hardware overhead (each
stage is two 2:1 MUXes)
 Disadvantage: susceptible to modeling attacks
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C. V. Raman Global University, Odisha
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C. V. Raman Global University, Odisha
PUF Primitive 2: Feed Forward
Arbiter PUF

 It is possible to have a linear model for classical


Arbiter PUF that results in easy modeling attack
on it
 Feed Forward Arbiter is used to introduce non-
linearity
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C. V. Raman Global University, Odisha
PUF Example 4: SRAM PUF

SRAM PUF cell structure

 Power-up initial value of SRAM cell can be used response, cell address is the
challenge
 SRAM fabrication compatible with digital logic process in regular ICs
 FPGA implementation of SRAM PUF is very difficult (since SRAM modules are
cleared by default on power-up)

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C. V. Raman Global University, Odisha
Comparison of different type of PUF
Reference
Fabrication Type Name Weak/Strong Remarks
Techniqus
Ring Oscillator weak Consumed more power and
Delay PUF need large area.
Arbiter PUF strong Vulnerable to attacks
SRAM PUF Weak Vulnerable to side channel
attacks
Silicon PUF Re-RAM PUF Strong Very Sensitive to voltage
Memory fluctuation and
Based environmental effects.
Butterfly PUF Weak PUF respobse is effected by
unstable adjoining.

Optical strong Not easy to measure the


Special
uniqueness.
Fabrication
Coating Weak Less number of CRP
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C. V. Raman Global University, Odisha
Characteristics of PUF generation key.

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C. V. Raman Global University, Odisha
Thank You

Dr. Madhusudan Maiti

Department of ETC

[email protected]

M o b : 9 4 7 5 3 0 1 1 3 2
www.cgu-odisha.ac.in

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