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Linear Programming

use of decision making

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vanessa claire abad
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14 views

Linear Programming

use of decision making

Uploaded by

vanessa claire abad
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Linear programming (LP) is a mathematical method used to determine the

optimal outcome in a given model, such as maximizing profits or


minimizing costs, subject to a set of linear constraints. It is widely used in
various fields like economics, operations research, engineering, and
business for decision-making where resources are limited.

Key Concepts in Linear Programming:

1. Objective Function:
○ The objective function represents the goal of the linear
programming problem, such as maximizing or minimizing a
certain quantity. It is a linear equation that combines decision
variables.
○ Example: Maximize Z=5x+3y\text{Maximize } Z = 5x +
3yMaximize Z=5x+3y
■ Here, ZZZ represents the quantity to be maximized (e.g.,
profit), and xxx and yyy are decision variables
representing the quantities of products or services.
2. Decision Variables:
○ These are the variables that decision-makers will determine the
values for, in order to optimize the objective function.
○ In the example above, xxx and yyy might represent the number
of units of two different products to be produced.
3. Constraints:
○ Constraints are the restrictions or limitations placed on the
decision variables. They are typically expressed as linear
inequalities or equations.
○ Constraints can represent limitations such as resource
availability, time, or other conditions that must be satisfied.
○ Example: 2x+y≤100(Resource 1)2x + y \leq 100 \quad
\text{(Resource 1)}2x+y≤100(Resource 1) x+2y≤80(Resource 2)x
+ 2y \leq 80 \quad \text{(Resource 2)}x+2y≤80(Resource 2)
x,y≥0(Non-negativity constraint)x, y \geq 0 \quad
\text{(Non-negativity constraint)}x,y≥0(Non-negativity
constraint)
■

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