Structured and Object Oriented Programming (OOP) Concept (Answer

02x10=20):
Fundamentals of C programming; Introducing C’s Program Control
Statements; Data types, Variables and Expressions; Exploring Arrays
and Strings; Understanding Pointers and Functions; Console and File
I/O; Structures and Unions.
Topics include object-oriented programming concepts, such as classes,
objects, methods, interfaces, packages, inheritance, encapsulation, and
polymorphism.
Introduction to Software Engineering (Answer 01x10=10): history,
nature, relation of software engineering to other discipline, software
development life cycle, Programming language; Software nature and
qualities: product qualities, project qualities, correctness, robustness,
usability, maintainability, portability, quality measurements; Software
development life cycle: requirement, design, development, testing,
maintenance; Software development model: waterfall, agile, spiral,
RDD, V model; Software engineering principles: modularity,
abstraction, generality, object oriented, component oriented,
structured.; Specification and Verification: requirement specification,
descriptive specification, testing, analysis, debugging; Modeling and
Design: basics of modeling diagram, UI design. Software Project
Management: concepts, project metrics, estimation, risks management.
Data Structure and Algorithm & Combinatorial Optimization
(Answer 02x10=20): Introduction - Data Structures and Complexity
of Algorithms, Time Space Tradeoff, Searching Techniques- Linear
and Binary Searching; Sorting and Recursion - Discussion of
Common Sorting
Techniques: Insertion Sort, Selection Sort, Bubble Sort, Quick Sort,
Merge Sort, Radix Sort; Factorial and Tower of Hanoi Problem; Linked
Lists - Abstract Data Types, List ADTs, and Linked Lists: Singly, Two
Way and Circular Linked Lists; Stacks and Queues - Stacks and Queues
and their Implementation Strategies; Prefix, Infix and Postfix
Expressions, their Transformation and Evaluation Algorithms; Hashing
- Hash Indices and Hash Functions, Static and Dynamic Hashing,
Collisions in Hash Indices and Collision Resolving Techniques; Trees -
Tree Concepts, Binary Tree, BST, Heaps, Heap Sort, Huffman
Encoding Technique, AVL Tree, B Tree and B+ Tree; Graphs - Graph
Terminologies, Representing Graphs, Graph Searching: BFS and DFS,
Shortest Path Problems, Minimum Spanning Tree, Minimum Spanning
Tree Algorithms, and Topological Sorting; Problem Solving Strategy -
Greedy Algorithms, Divide and Conquer Strategy, Dynamic
Programming and Backtracking.
Introduction - Algorithms, Analyzing & Designing Algorithms,
Correctness of Algorithms; Greedy Algorithms - Introduction to Greedy
Algorithms, Greedy Choice Property, Greedy vs. Dynamic
Programming, Fractional Knapsack Problem, Activity Selection
Problem, Huffman Encoding, Task Scheduling Problem, Coin Changing
Problem, Kruskal’s and Prim’s Minimum Spanning Tree Algorithms;
Divide and Conquer Algorithms - Introduction to Divide and Conquer
Design Technique, Quick Sort, Merge Sort, Proof of Correctness, and
Run Time Analysis; Dynamic Programming - Introduction to Dynamic
Programming Technique, Principle of Optimality, Optimal Substructure
Property, Assembly Line Scheduling, Matrix Chain Multiplication, LCS,
Viterbi Algorithm, Bitonic Euclidean Travelling Salesperson Problem
and Runtime Analysis; Graph Searching and Shortest Path Problems -
Breadth First Search, Depth First Search, Flow Networks, Single
Source and All Pair Shortest Path Algorithms
Web Technology (Answer 01x10=10): Introduction to Html, Java Script
& CSS, Server Side Programming: HTTP Server, Application Server,
MVC Web Framework, Web Services, Database Access: Object
Relational Mapping, Lambda Expression, Language Integrated Query,
Data Reader, Writer, Web Security: Denial of Service, Buffer Overflow,
Cross Site Scripting, Authentication and Access Control
Operating System (Answer 01x10=10): Overview of operating systems,
functionalities and characteristics of OS. Hardware concepts related to
OS, CPU states, I/O channels, memory hierarchy, and
microprogramming. The concept of a process, operations on processes,
process states, concurrent processes, process control block, process
context. UNIX process control and management, PCB, signals, forks
and pipes. Interrupt processing, operating system organization, OS
kernel FLIH, dispatcher. Job and processor scheduling, scheduling
algorithms, process hierarchies. Problems of concurrent processes,
critical sections, mutual exclusion, synchronization, deadlock. Mutual
exclusion, process co-operation, producer and consumer processes.
Semaphores: definition, init, wait, signal operations. Use of
semaphores to implement mutex, process synchronization etc.,
implementation of semaphores. Critical regions, Conditional Critical
Regions, Monitors, Ada Tasks. Interprocess Communication (IPC),
Message Passing, Direct and Indirect, Deadlock: prevention, detection,
avoidance, banker's algorithm. Memory organization and management,
storage allocation. Virtual memory concepts, paging and segmentation,
address mapping. Virtual storage management, page replacement
strategies. File organization: blocking and buffering, file descriptor,
directory structure, File and Directory structures, blocks and
fragments, directory tree, inodes, file descriptors, UNIX file structure.
Database Management System (Answer 02x10=20): Introduction to
Database Systems: Evolution of file processing systems, role of
databases in organizations, core components of a database
environment; Data Modeling: the Entity-Relationship Diagram and its
symbols and constructs; The Relational Model and Normalization:
relational model, normalization, transformation of an entity
relationship data diagram into a relational model; SQL - A Standard
Navigation Language for Relational
Databases; Overview of Object-Oriented Databases: object-oriented
data model, implementation of object persistence using relational
databases. Indexing and Hashing: Basic Concepts, Ordered Indices,
B+-Tree Index Files, B-Tree Index Files, Static Hashing, Dynamic
Hashing, Comparison of Ordered Indexing and Hashing; Query
Processing: Overview, Measures of Query Cost, Selection Operation,
Sorting, Join Operation, Evaluation of Expressions; Query Optimization:
Introduction, Transformation of Relational Expressions, Catalog
Information for Cost Estimation, Statistical Information for Cost
Estimation, Cost-based optimization; Transactions: Transaction
Concept, Transaction State, Concurrent Executions, Serializability;
Concurrency Control: Lock-Based Protocols, Timestamp-Based
Protocols; Recovery System: Failure Classification, Storage Structure,
Recovery and Atomicity, Log-Based Recovery, Recovery With
Concurrent Transactions; Data Analysis and Mining: Data Mining,
Decision tree, Bayes theorem, Randomize tree; Database System
Architectures: Centralized and Client-Server Systems, Server System
Architectures, Parallel Systems, Distributed Systems, Network Types;
Parallel Databases: Introduction, I/O Parallelism, Interquery
Parallelism, Intraquery Parallelism, Intraoperation Parallelism,
Interoperation Parallelism; Distributed Databases: Heterogeneous and
Homogeneous Databases: Distributed Data Storage, Distributed
Transactions, Commit Protocols; Additional should
be included: Database Design, Database Tuning Security and Authorization,
Multidimensional query.
Data Communications and Networking (Answer 01x10=10):
Introduction: Overview of the Internet, Overview of Networking
Protocols, Network Edge, Network Core, Protocol Layers / Service
Model, General Networking Example; Application Layer: Principles of
Networking Applications, Web and HTTP, FTP, E-mail, DNS;
Transport Layer: Transport Layer Services, Multiplexing and
Demultiplexing, Connectionless Transport: UDP, Principles of Reliable
Data Transport, Connection- Oriented Transport: TCP, Principles of
Congestion Control, TCP Congestion Control; Network Layer:
Datagram Networks, Inside a Router, Details of the Internet Protocol
(IP), IP Subnetting, Routing Algorithms (Link State, Distance Vector),
Routing in the Internet (Routing Information Protocol (RIP), Open
Shortest Path First (OSPF), Border Gateway Protocol (BGP)).