Dual Nature of Matter and Radiation

Question1
The threshold frequency of a metal with work function 6.63 eV is :
[27-Jan-2024 Shift 2]
Options:

A. 16 × 1015 Hz

B. 16 × 1012 Hz

C. 1.6 × 1012 Hz

D. 1.6 × 1015 Hz

Answer: D

Solution:

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Question2
Two sources of light emit with a power of 200W. The ratio of number of
photons of visible light emitted by each source having wavelengths 300
nm and 500 nm respectively, will be :
[29-Jan-2024 Shift 2]
Options:

A. 1 : 5

B. 1 : 3

C. 5 : 3

D. 3 : 5

Answer: D

Solution:
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question3
The work function of a substance is 3.0 eV. The longest wavelength of
light that can cause the emission of photoelectrons from this substance
is approximately:
[30-Jan-2024 Shift 1]
Options:

A. 215 nm

B. 414 nm

C. 400 nm

D. 200 nm

Answer: B

Solution:

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Question4
For the photoelectric effect, the maximum kinetic energy (E k) of the
photoelectrons is plotted against the frequency (v) of the incident
photons as shown in figure. The slope of the graph gives
[30-Jan-2024 Shift 2]
Options:

A. Ratio of Planck's constant to electric charge

B. Work function of the metal

C. Charge of electron

D. Planck's constant

Answer: D

Solution:

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Question5
When a metal surface is illuminated by light of wavelength λ, the
stopping potential is 8V. When the same surface is illuminated by light
of wavelength 3λ, stopping potential is 2V. The threshold wavelength for
this surface is :
[31-Jan-2024 Shift 1]
Options:

A. 5λ

B. 3λ

C. 9λ

D. 4.5λ

Answer: C

Solution:
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question6
If the wavelength of the first member of Lyman series of hydrogen is λ.
The wavelength of the second member will be
[31-Jan-2024 Shift 1]
Options:

27
A. 32 λ

B. 32 λ
27

C. 27
5
λ

5
D. 27 λ

Answer: A

Solution:

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Question7
The de Broglie wavelengths of a proton and an α particle are λ and 2λ
respectively. The ratio of the velocities of proton and α particle will be :
[1-Feb-2024 Shift 1]
Options:
A. 1 : 8

B. 1 : 2

C. 4 : 1

D. 8 : 1

Answer: D

Solution:

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Question8
14
Monochromatic light of frequency 6 × 10 Hz is produced by a laser.
−3
The power emitted is 2 × 10 W. How many photons per second on an
average, are emitted by the source ?
−34
( . Given h = 6.63 × 10 Js )
[1-Feb-2024 Shift 2]
Options:

A. 9 × 1018

B. 6 × 1015

C. 5 × 1015

D. 7 × 1016

Answer: C

Solution:

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Question9
From the photoelectric effect experiment, following observations are
made. Identify which of these are correct
A. The stopping potential depends only on the work function of the
metal.
B. The saturation current increases as the intensity of incident light
increases.
C. The maximum kinetic energy of a photo electron depends on the
intensity of the incident light.
D. Photoelectric effect can be explained using wave theory of light.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
[24-Jan-2023 Shift 1]
Options:

A. B, C only

B. A, C, D only

C. B only

D. A, B, D only

Answer: C

Solution:

Solution:
(A) Stopping potential depends on both frequency of light and work function.
(B) Saturation current ∝ intensity of light
(C) Maximum KE depends on frequency
(D) Photoelectric effect is explained using particle theory

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Question10
An α-particle, a proton and an electron have the same kinetic energy.
Which one of the following is correct in case of their De-Broglie
wavelength:
[24-Jan-2023 Shift 2]
Options:

A. λα > λp > λe

B. λα < λp < λe

C. λα = λp = λe

D. λα > λp < λe

Answer: B

Solution:
 h h
λD = =
p √2 mK
1
∴λ∝
√m
∵ mα > mp > me
λe > λp > λα
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Question11
Electron beam used in an electron microscope, when accelerated by a
voltage of 20 kV. has a de-Broglie wavelength of λo. If the voltage is
increased to 40 kV. then the de-Broglie wavelength associated with the
electron beam would be:
[25-Jan-2023 Shift 1]
Options:

A. 3λ0

B. 9λ0

λ0
C. 2

λ0
D.
√2

Answer: D

Solution:

Solution:

When electron is accelerated through potential difference V , then

K.E. = eV
h h
⇒λ= =
√2m(KE) √2 meV
1
∴ λα
√V
∴
λ
λ0
=
20
40 √
λ0
∴ λ=
√2

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Question12
Given below are two statements :
Statement I : Stopping potential in photoelectric effect does not depend
on the power of the light source.
Statement II : For a given metal, the maximum kinetic energy of the
photoelectron depends on the wavelength of the incident light.
In the light of above statements, choose the most appropriate answer
from the options given below.
Options :
[25-Jan-2023 Shift 2]
Options:

A. Statement I is incorrect but statement II is correct

B. Both Statement I and Statement II are incorrect

C. Statement I is correct but statement II is incorrect

D. Both statement I and statement II are correct

Answer: D

Solution:

KEmax
Stopping potential VS =
e
hC
−φ
λ
VS =
e
Stopping potential does not depend on intensity or power of light used, it only depends on frequency or wavelength of
incident light.
So both statements I and II are correct

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Question13
The threshold wavelength for photoelectric emission from a material is
5500Å. Photoelectrons will be emitted, when this material is illuminated
with monochromatic radiation from a
A. 75W infra-red lamp
B. 10W infra-red lamp
C. 75W ultra-violet lamp
D. 10W ultra-violet lamp
Choose the correct answer from the options given below :
[29-Jan-2023 Shift 1]
Options:

A. B and C only

B. A and D only

C. C only

D. C and D only

Answer: D

Solution:
λ < 5500Å for photoelectric emission
λuv < 5500Å
Question14
The ratio of de-Broglie wavelength of an α-particle and a proton
1
accelerated from rest by the same potential is √m , the value of m is
[29-Jan-2023 Shift 2]
Options:

A. 4

B. 16

C. 8

D. 2

Answer: C

Solution:
h
λα √2mαqαV
=
λp h
√2mpqpV
λα
√
1
= m=8
λp 8

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Question15
A small object at rest, absorbs a light pulse of power 20 mW and
8
duration 300 ns. Assuming speed of light as 3 × 10 m ∕ s. the
momentum of the object becomes equal to :
[30-Jan-2023 Shift 1]
Options:

A. 0.5 × 10−17 kg m ∕ s

B. 2 × 10−17 kg m ∕ s

C. 3 × 10−17 kg m ∕ s

D. 1 × 10−17 kg m ∕ s

Answer: B

Solution:

Energy
Momentum =
C
 Power × time
=
C
(20 × 10−3w)(300 × 10−9 s)
= 8
3 × 10 m ∕ s
−17
= 2 × 10 kg − m ∕ s

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Question16
A point source of light is placed at the centre of curvature of a
hemispherical surface. The source emits a power of 24W The radius of
curvature of hemisphere is 10 cm and the inner surface is completely
reflecting. The force on the hemisphere due to the light falling on it is
−8
________ ×10 N
[30-Jan-2023 Shift 1]

Answer: 4

Solution:

Force = ∫ PdA cos θ

2I 2I 2 p0 πR2
= ∫ dA cos θ = πR = 2 ⋅
C C 4πR
2 C
p0 24 −8
= = = 4 × 10 N (Ans)
2C 2 × 3 × 10
8

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Question17
An electron accelerated through a potential difference V 1 has a de-
Broglie wavelength of λ. When the potential is changed to V2, its de-

Broglie wavelength increases by 50%. The value of ( ) is equal to :

V1
V2

[30-Jan-2023 Shift 2]
Options:

A. 3
 9
B.
4

3
C.
2

D. 4

Answer: B

Solution:

2
P h
KE = , P=
2m λ

eV1 =
h 2
λ ( )
2m

( )
h 2

eV2 = 1.5λ
2m
V1 9
= (1.5)2 =
V2 4
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Question18
If a source of electromagnetic radiation having power 15 kW produces
16
10 photons per second, the radiation belongs to a part of spectrum is.
−34
(Take Planck constant h = 6 × 10 Js )
[31-Jan-2023 Shift 1]
Options:

A. Micro waves

B. Ultraviolet rays

C. Gamma rays

D. Radio waves

Answer: C

Solution:
Power
Energy of one photon =
Photon frequency
3
15 × 10
E = hv = 16
10
−13
15 × 10 21
v= −34
= 2.5 × 10
6 × 10
So gamma Rays. Option 3

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Question19
If the two metals A and B are exposed to radiation of wavelength
350 nm. The work functions of metals A and B are 4.8 eV and 2.2 eV.
Then choose the correct option
[31-Jan-2023 Shift 2]
Options:

A. Metal B will not emit photo-electrons

B. Both metals A and B will emit photo-electrons

C. Both metals A and B will not emit photoelectrons

D. Metal A will not emit photo-electrons

Answer: D

Solution:

Solution:
hc 1240
φ= = eV = 3.54 eV
λ 350
∴ Only metal B will emit photoelectron.

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Question20
A proton moving with one tenth of velocity of light has a certain de
Broglie wavelength of λ. An alpha particle having certain kinetic energy
has the same de-Brogle wavelength λ. The ratio of kinetic energy of
proton and that of alpha particle is:
[1-Feb-2023 Shift 1]
Options:

A. 2 : 1

B. 4 : 1

C. 1 : 2

D. 1 : 4

Answer: B

Solution:
2 2
p h
KE = =
2m 2mλ
2

KEp mα
= =4:1
KEα mp

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Question21
The threshold frequency of metal is f 0. When the light of frequency 2f0
is incident on the metal plate, the maximum velocity of photoelectron is
v1. When the frequency of incident radiation is increased to 5f0. the
maximum velocity of photoelectrons emitted is v2. The ratio of v1 to v2
is:
[1-Feb-2023 Shift 2]
Options:

v 1
A. v1 = 2
2

v1 1
B. =
v2 8

v1
C. = 1
v2 16

v 1
D. v1 = 4
2

Answer: A

Solution:
Kmax = hf − hf0
For f = 2f0
1 2
mV1 = 2hf0 − hf f0 = hf0
2
For f = 5f0
1 2
mV2 = 5hf 0 − hf 0 = 4hf 0
2
V1 1
=
V2 2
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Question22
The kinetic energy of an electron, α-particle and a proton are given as
4K, 2K and K respectively. The de-Broglie wavelength associated with
electron ( λe ), α-particle ( λα ) and the proton ( λp ) are as follows :
[6-Apr-2023 shift 1]
Options:

A. λα > λp > λe

B. λα = λp > λe

C. λα = λp < λe

D. λα < λp < λe
Answer: D

Solution:

Solution:
h
According to De-Broglie, Momentum P = , where h is plank's constant and λ is wavelength.
λ
Also, relation between Kinetic energy (KE) and momentum( (P) is given by: P = √2 mKE
h h
Now, λ = =
p √2 mKE
λe = h = h = h
√2meKEe √2me × 4k √8mek
h h
λp = =
√2mpKEp √2mpk
λα = h = h = h = h
√2mαKEα √2mα ⋅ 4k √2 × 2mp ⋅ 2k √8mpk
From the above data, λα < λp < λe

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Question23
The work functions of Aluminium and Gold are 4.1 eV and and 5.1 eV
respectively. The ratio of the slope of the stopping potential versus
frequency plot for Gold to that of Aluminium is
[6-Apr-2023 shift 2]
Options:

A. 1

B. 2

C. 1.24

D. 1.5

Answer: A

Solution:

Solution:
Using KEmax = eV s = hf − φ0
where φ0 is work function, V s is stopping potential and f is frequency
h φ
or V s = f − 0
e e
therefore the slope m will be same for all graphs and will be independent of φ0.

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Question24
Proton (P) and electron (e) will have same de-Broglie wavelength when
the ratio of their momentum is (assume, mp = 1849me ):
[8-Apr-2023 shift 1]
Options:
A. 1 : 43

B. 43 : 1

C. 1 : 1849

D. 1 : 1

Answer: D

Solution:

h
Debroglie wavelength λ =
p
λp = λe
h h p
= ⇒ p=1
pp pe pe
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Question25
In photoelectric effect
A. The photocurrent is proportional to the intensity of the incident
radiation.
B. Maximum Kinetic energy with which photoelectrons are emitted
depends on the intensity of incident light.
C. Max K.E with which photoelectrons are emitted depends on the
frequency of incident light.
D. The emission of photoelectrons require a minimum threshold
intensity of incident radiation.
E. Max. K.E of the photoelectrons is independent of the frequency of the
incident light.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
[8-Apr-2023 shift 2]
Options:

A. B and C only

B. A and C only

C. A and E only

D. A and B only

Answer: B

Solution:

hv = φ + (KE)max
(KE)max = hv − φ

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Question26
The de Broglie wavelength of a molecule in a gas at room temperature
(300K) is λ1. If the temperature of the gas is increased to 600K, then
the de Broglie wavelength of the same gas molecule becomes
[10-Apr-2023 shift 1]
Options:

A. 2λ1

B. 1 λ1
√2

C. √2 λ1

D. 1 λ1
2

Answer: B

Solution:

h
λ=
√3 mK(T)

√
λ1 T2
=
λ2 T1

√
T1
λ2 = λ1
T2
λ
= λ1 √ 300
600
= 2
√2

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Question27
The variation of stopping potential (V0) as a function of the frequency
(v) of the incident light for a metal is shown in figure. The work
function of the surface is

[10-Apr-2023 shift 2]
Options:

A. 2.07 eV
B. 18.6 eV

C. 2.98 eV

D. 1.36 eV

Answer: A

Solution:

Solution:
th
Work function (φ) = hv
−34 14
= 6.6 × 10 × 5 × 10
= 33 × 10−20
−19
φ = 3.3 × 10 J
−19
3.3 × 10
= −19
ev ⇒ 2.07
1.6 × 10

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Question28
A metallic surface is illuminated with radiation of wavelength λ, the
stopping potential is V 0. If the same surface is illuminated with
V0
radiation of wavelength 2λ, the stopping potential becomes 4
. The
threshold wavelength for this metallic surface will be
[11-Apr-2023 shift 1]
Options:

3
A. 2 λ

B. 4λ

C. 3λ
λ
D.
4

Answer: C

Solution:

Solution:
E = K ⋅ E + φ0
Now
hc
= ev0 + φ0 . . . (1)
λ
hc eV0
And = + φ0 . . . (2)
2λ 4
(2) × 4 . . . (1)
2 hc hc
− = 0 + (4φ0 − φ0)
λ λ
hc
= 3φ0
λ
hc hc
=3
λ λ0
λ0 = 3λ

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Question29
The ratio of the de-Broglie wavelengths of proton and electron having
same Kinetic energy: (Assume mp = me × 1849 )
[11-Apr-2023 shift 2]
Options:

A. 1 : 62

B. 1 : 30

C. 1 : 43

D. 2 : 43

Answer: C

Solution:

Solution:
h h
λ= =
P √2 mK

√ √
λP me me 1
= = =
λe mp 1840 me √1840
λP 1
= Ans. (3)
λe 43
Ans. (3)

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Question30
A proton and an α-particle are accelerated from rest by 2V and 4V
potentials, respectively. The ratio of their de-Broglie wavelength is :
[12-Apr-2023 shift 1]
Options:

A. 2 : 1

B. 4 : 1
C. 8 : 1

D. 16 : 1

Answer: B

Solution:

Solution:
h
De Broglie wavelength λ =
√2 mqV
mα = 4m → 4V
mp = m → 2V
h
λ=
√2 mKE
h h
λp = . . . . (1), λα =
√2 mq(2V) √4 mq(4V)
λp h √4 mq(4V)
= ×
λα √2 mq(2V) h
λp λp
=4 ⇒ =4:1
λα λα

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Question31
The difference between threshold wavelengths for two metal surfaces A
and B having work function φA = 9 eV and φB = 4.5 eV in nm is:
{ Given, hc = 1242 eV nm }
[13-Apr-2023 shift 1]
Options:

A. 276

B. 264

C. 540

D. 138

Answer: D

Solution:

Solution:
hc
φ=
λ
1242
λA = = 138 nm
9
1242
λB = = 276 nm
4.5
λB − λA = 276 − 138 = 138 nm

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Question32
The de Broglie wavelength of an electron having kinetic energy E is λ. If
the kinetic energy of electron becomes E4 , then its de-Broglie
wavelength will be :
[15-Apr-2023 shift 1]
Options:

A. λ
√2

B. 2λ

C. λ
2

D. √2 λ

Answer: B

Solution:

Solution:
h h
λ= =
p √2 mE

√
λ1 E2
λ2
=
E1
= √ 1
4
=
1
2
λ2 = 2λ

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Question33
When light of frequency twice the threshold frequency is incident on the
metal plate, the maximum velocity of emitted electron is v1. When the
frequency of incident radiation is increased to five times the threshold
value, the maximum velocity of emitted electron becomes v2. If v2 = xv1,
the value of x will be
[24-Jun-2022-Shift-1]

Answer: 2

Solution:

Let us say that work function is φ

1
⇒2φ = φ + mv12 ...... (1
2
1
and 5φ = φ + mv22 ... . ( 2
2
From (1) and (2)
v22 4 v2
= or =2
v12 1 v1
Question34
The de Broglie wavelengths for an electron and a photon are λe and λp
respectively. For the same kinetic energy of electron and photon, which
of the following presents the correct relation between the de Broglie
wavelengths of two ?
[28-Jun-2022-Shift-1]
Options:

A. λp ∝ λe2

B. λp ∝ λe

C. λp ∝ √λe

D. λp ∝
√ 1
λe

Answer: A

Solution:

Solution:
h hc
λp = = ...... (i)
p E
h
λe = ...... (ii)
√2mE
From (i) and (ii)
λp ∝ λe2

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Question35
The light of two different frequencies whose photons have energies
3.8 eV and 1.4 eV respectively, illuminate a metallic surface whose work
function is 0.6 eV successively. The ratio of maximum speeds of emitted
electrons for the two frequencies respectively will be :
[24-Jun-2022-Shift-2]
Options:

A. 1 : 1

B. 2 : 1

C. 4 : 1

D. 1 : 4

Answer: B

Solution:
 1
3.8 = 0.6 + mv12
2
1
1.4 = 0.6 + mv22
2
2
v 3.2 4
⇒ 12 = =
v 0.8 1
2
v1 2
⇒ =
v2 1

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Question36
Let K1 and K2 be the maximum kinetic energies of photo-electrons
emitted when two monochromatic beams of wavelength λ 1 and λ2,
respectively are incident on a metallic surface. If λ1 = 3λ2 then :
[28-Jun-2022-Shift-2]
Options:

K
A. K 1 > 32

K
B. K 1 < 32

K
C. K 1 = 32

K
D. K 2 = 31

Answer: B

Solution:

Solution:
hc hc
K1= −φ= −φ
λ1 3λ2
hc
and K 2 = −φ
λ2
from (i) and (ii) we can say
3K 1 = K 2 − 2φ
K2
K1<
3

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Question37
Given below are two statements :
Statement I : Davisson-Germer experiment establishes the wave nature
of electrons.
Statement II : If electrons have wave nature, they can interfere and
show diffraction.
In the light of the above statements choose the correct answer from the
option given below :
[25-Jun-2022-Shift-1]
Options:

A. Both Statement I and Statement II are true.

B. Both Statement I and Statement II are false.

C. Statement I is true but Statement II is false.

D. Statement I is false but Statement II is true.

Answer: B

Solution:

Solution:
Davisson-Germer experiment is done and establishes the wave nature of electrons. Interference and diffraction
establishes wave nature.

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Question38
Given below are two statements : one is labelled as Assertion A and the
other is labelled as Reason R:
Assertion A: The photoelectric effect does not takes place, if the energy
of the incident radiation is less than the work function of a metal.
Reason R : Kinetic energy of the photoelectrons is zero, if the energy of
the incident radiation is equal to the work function of a metal.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate
answer from the options given below.
[29-Jun-2022-Shift-1]
Options:

A. Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A.

B. Both A and R are correct but R is not the correct explanation of A.

C. A is correct but R is not correct.

D. A is not correct but R is correct.

Answer: B

Solution:
To free the electron from metal surface minimum energy required, is equal to the work function of that metal.
So Assertion A, is correct.
hv = w0 + K . E ⋅max
if hv = w0
⇒K ⋅⋅max = 0
Hence reason R, is correct, But R is not the correct explanation of A.
When energy of incident radiation is equal to the work function of the metal, then the KE of photoelectrons would be
zero. But this statement does not comment on the situation when energy is less than the work function.
Question39
A proton, a neutron, an electron and an α particle have same energy. If
λp, λn, λe and λa are the de Broglie's wavelengths of proton, neutron,
electron and α particle respectively, then choose the correct relation
from the following:
[25-Jun-2022-Shift-2]
Options:

A. λp = λn > λe > λa

B. λa < λn < λp < λe

C. λe < λp = λn > λa

D. λe = λp = λn = λa

Answer: D

Solution:

Solution:
h h
de Broglie wavelength λ = ⇒λ =
p √2mK
Where K : kinetic energy
1
⇒ For same K, λ ∝
√m
Since mα > mn > mp > me
⇒λα < λn < λp < λe

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Question40
The electric field at a point associated with a light wave is given by
15 15 −1
E = 200[sin(6 × 10 ) t + sin(9 × 10 ) t]V
−15
Given : h = 4.14 × 10 eVs
If this light falls on a metal surface having a work function of 2.50 eV,
the maximum kinetic energy of the photoelectrons will be
[29-Jun-2022-Shift-2]
Options:

A. 1.90 eV

B. 3.27 eV

C. 3.60 eV

D. 3.42 eV

Answer: D
Solution:

6 9
Frequency of EM waves = × 1015 and × 1015
2π 2π
Energy of one photon of these waves

(
= 4.14 × 10
−15
×
6
2π
× 10
15
eV )
(
and 4.14 × 10
−15
×
9
2π
× 10
15
eV )
= 3.95 eV and 5.93 eV
⇒ Energy of maximum energetic electrons
= 5.93 − 2.50 = 3.43 eV
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Question41
An electron with speed v and a photon with speed c have the same de-
Broglie wavelength. If the kinetic energy and momentum of electron are
E e and pe and that of photon are E ph and pph respectively. Which of the
following is correct?
[26-Jun-2022-Shift-1]
Options:

E
A. E e = 2c
v
ph

E v
B. E e = 2c
ph

pe
C. = 2c
pph v

p
v
D. p e = 2c
ph

Answer: B

Solution:

h h
λ= ⇒p=
p λ
h h
Now, A/Q, = ⇒Pe = P photon ........ (i)
Pe P photon
1 2 Pv
Now, K e = M v =
2 2
2
K ph = mc = Pc.... (ii)
Ke v
=
K eq 2c
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Question42
The stopping potential for photoelectrons emitted from a surface
 o
illuminated by light of wavelength 6630A is 0.42V. If the threshold
frequency is x × 1013 ∕ s, where x is____ (nearest integer).
(Given, speed light = 3 × 108m ∕ s, Planck's constant = 6.63 × 10−34 Js )
[26-Jun-2022-Shift-2]

Answer: 35

Solution:

hc
− φ = K E = eV 0
λ
6.63 × 10−34 × 3 × 108
⇒ −10
− 6.63 × 10−34f th = 1.6 × 10−19 × 0.4
6630 × 10
13
⇒f th ≃ 35.11 × 10 H

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Question43
An α particle and a carbon 12 atom has same kinetic energy K. The ratio
of their de-Broglie wavelengths (λα : λC12) is :
[27-Jun-2022-Shift-1]
Options:

A. 1 : √3

B. √3 : 1

C. 3 : 1

D. 2 : √3

Answer: B

Solution:
Kα=KC
pα2 pC2
=
2mα 2mC

√
pα mα
=
pC mC

√
λα h ∕ pα mC
So = =
λC h ∕ pC mα
λα
So = √3
λC
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Question44
Given below are two statements :
Statement I : In hydrogen atom, the frequency of radiation emitted
when an electron jumps from lower energy orbit (E .E1 ) to higher
energy orbit (E2), is given as hf = E1 − E2
Statement II : The jumping of electron from higher energy orbit (E2) to
lower energy orbit (E1) is associated with frequency of radiation given
as f = (E 2 − E 1) ∕ h
This condition is Bohr's frequency condition.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the
options given below :
[27-Jun-2022-Shift-2]
Options:

A. Both Statement I and Statement II are true.

B. Both Statement I and Statement II are false.

C. Statement I is correct but Statement II is false.

D. Statement I is incorrect but Statement II is true.

Answer: D

Solution:

Solution:
Radiation is not emitted but absorbed when an electron jumps from low energy to high energy.
Also, E 2 − E 1 is the energy of photon
⇒E2 − E1 = hf
E2−E1
⇒f =
h

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question45
A metal exposed to light of wavelength 800nm and and emits
photoelectrons with a certain kinetic energy. The maximum kinetic
energy of photo-electron doubles when light of wavelength 500nm is
used. The work function of the metal is : (Take hc = 1230eV − nm ).
[25-Jul-2022-Shift-1]
Options:

A. 1.537eV

B. 2.46eV

C. 0.615eV

D. 1.23eV
Answer: C

Solution:

hc
∵K m = −φ
λ
1230
⇒K = −φ
800
1230
and, 2K = −φ
500
1230 1230
⇒2× − 2φ = −φ
800 500
⇒φ = 0.615eV
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question46
The energy band gap of semiconducting material to produce violet
o
(wavelength = 4000A ) LED is eV . (Round off to the nearest integer).
[25-Jul-2022-Shift-1]
Answer: 3

Solution:
∘
Energy corresponding to wavelength 4000A
hc
E =
π
−34 8
6.6 × 10 × 3 × 10
= −10 −19
eV
4000 × 10 × 1.6 × 10
12400
=
4000
= 3.1eV
≈3eV

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question47
The ratio of wavelengths of proton and deuteron accelerated by
potential V p and V d is 1 : √2 . Then the ratio of V p to V d will be :
[25-Jul-2022-Shift-2]
Options:

A. 1 : 1

B. √2 : 1

C. 2 : 1
D. 4 : 1

Answer: D

Solution:

h h
λ= =
mv √2meV
λ √md V d 1
so p = =
λd √mpV p √2
2V d 1
=
Vp 2
Vp 4
=
Vd 1

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question48
A parallel beam of light of wavelength 900 nm and intensity 100Wm−2 is
incident on a surface perpendicular to the beam. The number of
2
photons crossing 1cm area perpendicular to the beam in one second is
:
[26-Jul-2022-Shift-1]
Options:
16
A. 3 × 10
16
B. 4.5 × 10

C. 4.5 × 1017

D. 4.5 × 1020

Answer: B

Solution:
λ = 900 nm
2
I = 100W ∕ m
−4
A = 10
⇒P = 10−2W
⇒ Number of photons incident per second
10−2λ
=
hc
−11 2
9 × 10 × 10 16
= ≃ 4.5 × 10
6.63 × 10−34 × 3 × 108

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question49
With reference to the observations in photo-electric effect, identify the
correct statements from below
(A) The square of maximum velocity of photoelectrons varies linearly
with frequency of incident light.
(B) The value of saturation current increases on moving the source of
light away from the metal surface.
(C) The maximum kinetic energy of photo-electrons decreases on
decreasing the power of LED (light emitting diode) source of light.
(D) The immediate emission of photo-electrons out of metal surface can
not be explained by particle nature of light/electromagnetic waves.
(E) Existence of threshold wavelength can not be explained by wave
nature of light / electromagnetic waves.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below :
[27-Jul-2022-Shift-2]
Options:

A. (A) and (B) only

B. (A) and (E) only

C. (C) and (E) only

D. (D) and (E) only

Answer: B

Solution:

Solution:
1
∵ mvm2 = hν − φ
2
2
⇒vm varies linearly with frequency.
And, threshold wavelength can be explained by particle nature of light.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question50
The equation λ = 1.227
x
nm can be used to find the de-Brogli wavelength
of an electron. In this equation x stands for:
Where
m = mass of electron
P− momentum of electron
K = Kinetic energy of electron
V = Accelerating potential in volts for electron
[28-Jul-2022-Shift-1]
Options:

A. √mK

B. √P

C. √K
D. √V

Answer: D

Solution:

Solution:
1.227
∵λ = nm
√V
⇒x = √V

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question51
Two streams of photons, possessing energies equal to five and ten times
the work function of metal are incident on the metal surface
successively. The ratio of maximum velocities of the photoelectron
emitted, in the two cases respectively, will be
[28-Jul-2022-Shift-2]
Options:

A. 1 : 2

B. 1 : 3

C. 2 : 3

D. 3 : 2

Answer: C

Solution:

Solution:
1
mv12 = 5φ − φ
2
1
And, mv22 = 10φ − φ
2

⇒ ( )
v1 2
v2
=
4
9
v1 2
⇒ =
v2 3

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question52
The kinetic energy of emitted electron is E when the light incident on
the metal has wavelength λ. To double the kinetic energy, the incident
light must have wavelength:
[29-Jul-2022-Shift-1]
Options:
 hc
A. Eλ − hc

hc λ
B. Eλ + hc

hλ
C.
Eλ + hc

hc λ
D. Eλ − hc

Answer: B

Solution:

Solution:
hc
E= − φ − (i)
λ
2E = hc′ − φ − (ii)
λ
(ii) − (i)
E = hc ( 1
λ′
−
1
λ )
′ hc λ
⇒λ =
Eλ + hc

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question53
An α particle and a proton are accelerated from rest through the same
potential difference. The ratio of linear momenta acquired by above two
particles will be:
[29-Jul-2022-Shift-2]
Options:

A. √2 : 1

B. 2√2 : 1

C. 4√2 : 1

D. 8 : 1

Answer: B

Solution:

Solution:
We know,
Momentum(p) = √2mE k
and E k = qV acc
∴p = √2mqV acc
Both α particle and proton are passed through same potential difference.
∴(V acc)α = (V acc)p = v
∴pα = √2mαqαv
pp = √2mpqpv
 √
pα mαqα
∴ =
pp mpqp

√
4mp × 2e
=
mp × e

= √
8
1
2√2
=
1

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question54
Two stream of photons, possessing energies equal to twice and ten
times the work function of metal are incident on the metal surface
successively. The value of ratio of maximum velocities of the
photoelectrons emitted in the two respective cases is x : y. The value of
x is .............. .
[26 Feb 2021 Shift 2]

Answer: 1

Solution:

Given, first incident energy, E i = 2 (work function φ0 ) Second incident energy, E i = 10φ0
1 2

If v1 and v2 be the respective maximum velocities in two cases, then by using the concept of photoelectric effect,
K E = E i − φ0
K E = E i − φ0
∴ 1 ∕ 2mv12 = 2φ0 − φ0 = φ0 . . . (i)
and 1 ∕ 2mv22 = 10φ0 − φ0 = 9φ0 . . . (ii)
On dividing Eq. (i) by Eq. (ii), we get

( )v1 2
v2
=
1
9
v1 1 x
t = =
v2 3 y
∴ x=1

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question55
The stopping potential for electrons emitted from a photosensitive
surface illuminated by light of wavelength 491nm is 0.710V . When the
incident wavelength is changed to a new value, the stopping potential is
1.43V . The new wavelength is
[25 Feb 2021 Shift 2]
Options:

A. 309nm

B. 329nm

C. 382nm

D. 400nm

Answer: C

Solution:
Given, stopping potential (V 1) = 0.710V
Incident wavelength of electrons (λ1) = 491nm
= 491 × 10−9m
Let λ2 will be the new incident wavelength of electrons.
Stopping potential (V 2) = 1.43V
1240
As, energy (E ) = = φ0 + eV
λ1
where, φ0 is work-function and V is applied potential
1240
∴ E1= = φ0 + 0.71 - 1.43 . . . (i)
491
1240
and E 2 = = φ0 + 1.43. . . (ii)
λ2
Now, subtracting Eqs. (i) from (ii), we get
E 2 − E 1 = 1240
1
λ2
− ( 1
491
= 0.72 )
1
⇒ = 0.00058 + 0.00204 = 0.00262
λ2
∴ λ2 = 381.7nm
λ2 = 382nm

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question56
Given below are two statements: One is labelled as Assertion A and the
other is labelled as Reason R.
Assertion A An electron microscope can achieve better resolving power
than an optical microscope.
Reason R The de-Broglie's wavelength of theelectrons emitted from an
electron gun is much less than wavelength of visible light.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the
options given below.
[26 Feb 2021 Shift 1]
Options:

A. A is true but R is false.

B. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

C. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.

D. A is false but R is true.

Answer: B

Solution:

As we know that,
1 2u sin θ
Resolving power of microscope = =
∆θ λ
1
i.e. resolving power ∝
λ
and since, wavelength of electron emitted (λe)< wavelength of visible light (λv)
∴ Resolving power of electron microscope > Resolving power of optical microscope.
Hence, option (b) is the correct.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question57
The wavelength of an X-ray beam is 10Å. The mass of a fictitious
particle having the same energy as that of the X-ray photons is 3x hkg.
The value of x is ............
( h = Planck's constant)
[25 Feb 2021 Shift 2]
Answer: 10

Solution:

Given, wavelength of X-rays,

−10
λ = 10Å = 10 × 10 m
Speed of light in free space, c = 3 × 108m ∕ s
hc
Since, energy (E ) = = mc2 . . . (i)
λ
h h h 10h
⇒ m= = = = kg
dλ 8
3 × 10 × 10 × 10
−10
3 × 10
−1 3
∴ x = 10

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question58
An electron of mass me and a proton of mass mp = 1836me are moving
λ electron
with the same speed. The ratio of their de-Broglie wavelength λ proton
will
be
[25 Feb 2021 Shift 2]
Options:

A. 1

B. 1836
 1
C. 1836

D. 918

Answer: B

Solution:

Given, mass of proton (mp) is 1836 times the mass of electron (me) and velocity of proton (vp) is equal to velocity of
electron (ve).
h h
As, wavelength (λ) = =
p mv
1
where, h is Planck's constant and p is momentum. ∴ λ ∝
m
λe mp 1836me
⇒ = = = 1836
λρ me me

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question59
A proton, a deuteron and an α-particle are moving with same
momentum in a uniform magnetic field. The ratio of magnetic forces
acting on them is ......... and their speed is ......... in the ratio.
[25 Feb 2021 Shift 1]
Options:

A. 1 : 2 : 4 and 2 : 1 : 1

B. 2 : 1 : 1 and 4 : 2 : 1

C. 4 : 2 : 1 and 2 : 1 : 1

D. 1 : 2 : 4 and 1 : 1 : 2

Answer: B

Solution:

Let F p, F d and F α be the forces and vp, vd and vα be the velocities of proton, deuteron and α−particle, respectively.
Since, F = Bqv
On dividing and multiplying F by m, we get
m
F = Bqv
m
q
⇒ F = B p (∵p = mv)
m
⇒ F ∝ q ∕ m ( ∵p and B are same)
+q +q +2q
∴ Fp:Fd :Fα = : :
m 2m 4m
=1:1∕2:1∕2=2:1:1
and = Bqv
⇒ ∝F ∕q
Fp Fd Fα 2x x x
∴ vp : vd : vα = : : = : :
qp qd qα q q 2q
=2:1:1∕2=4:2:1
Question60
The de-Broglie wavelength of a proton and α-particle are equal. The
ratio of their velocities is
[24 Feb 2021 Shift 2]
Options:

A. 4 : 3

B. 4 : 1

C. 4 : 2

D. 1: 4

Answer: B

Solution:

Solution:
Let λp, λα, mp, mα, vp, vα′pp and pα be the wavelength, mass, velocity and momentum of proton and α-particle,
respectively.
Given, λp = λα
As we know that,
λ =h∕p
h h
=
pp pα
∴ pp = pα
⇒ mpvp = mαvα
⇒ mpvp = 4mpvα
v 4
⇒ p = or 4 : 1
vα 1

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question61
An X-ray tube is operated at 1.24 million volt. The shortest wavelength
of the produced photon will be
[24 Feb 2021 Shift 2]
Options:

A. 10−3nm

B. 10−1nm

C. 10−2nm

D. 10−4nm

Answer: A

Solution:
 6
Given, V = 1.24 million volt = 1.24 × 10 volt
Since, energy (E ) = eV
where, e is the charge of electron = 1.6 × 10−19C
∴ E = 1.6 × 10−19 × 1.24 × 106 ... (i)
As we know that,
hc
Energy of photon, E = ...(ii)
λ
Here, Planck's constant, h = 6.67 × 10−34J − s,
C = speed of light in free space, C = 3 × 108ms−1
Equating Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get
−34 8
6.67 × 10 × 3 × 10
1.6 × 10−19 × 1.24 × 106 =
λ
20.01 × 10−13
⇒ λ = = 10.09 × 10−13
1.6 × 1.24
= 1.009 × 10−12 ∼ eq10−3 × 10−9
= 10−3nm

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question62
Given below are two statements :
Statement-I : Two photons having equal linear momenta have equal
wavelengths.
Statement-II: If the wavelength of photon is decreased, then the
momentum and energy of a photon will also decrease.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the
options given below.
[24feb2021shift1]
Options:

A. Both Statement I and Statement II are true

B. Statement I is false but Statement II is true

C. Both Statement I and Statement II are false

D. Statement I is true but Statement II is false

Answer: D

Solution:

Solution:
Momentum of photon,
h
p=
λ
Here, h = Plank's constant,
λ = wavelength of light
hc
Energy of photon E =
λ
If linear momentum are equal then wavelength also equal.
On decreasing wavelength, momentum and energy of photon increases.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question63
Two identical photocathodes receive the light of frequencies f 1 and f 2,
respectively. If the velocities of the photoelectrons coming out are v1
and v2 respectively, then
[17 Mar 2021 Shift 2]
Options:

A. v12 − v22 = 2h
m 1
[f − f 2]

B. v12 + v22 = 2h [f 1 + f 2]
m

1
C. v1 − v2 = [ 2h
m 1
(f + f 2) ] 2

1
D. v1 − v2 = [ 2h
m 1
(f − f 2) ] 2

Answer: A

Solution:

Solution:
We know that, the photoelectric effect equation,
K E = hf − φ
Here, K E = kinetic energy of the electrons
h = Planck's constant
f = frequency of the light and
φ = work-function of the photocathodes.
For two identical photocathodes,
1
mv12 = hf 1 − φ....(i)
2
1 2
mv2 = hf 2 − φ.....(ii)
2
Since, the material of photocathodes is same, so the value of the work-function φ is same.
Subtracting Eq. (ii) from Eq. (i) we get
1 2 1 2
mv1 − mv2 = hf 1 − hf 2
2 2
2h
v12 − v22 = (f − f 2)
m 1

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question64
The stopping potential in the context of photoelectric effect depends on
the following property of incident electromagnetic radiation
[16 Mar 2021 Shift 1]
Options:

A. phase

B. intensity

C. amplitude

D. frequency
Answer: D

Solution:

Solution:
The stopping potential V 0 is related to the frequency of incident radiations by following relation
eV 0 = hv − φ ( φ = work-function )
The stopping potential in the context of photoelectric effect depends only on the frequency v of incident electromagnetic
radiation.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question65
If 2.5 × 10−6N average force is exerted by a light wave on a non-
reflecting surface of 30cm2 area during 40 min of time span, the energy
2
flux of light just before it falls on the surface is ......W \/ cm .
(Round off to the nearest integer. Assume complete absorption and
normal incidence conditions are there.)
[17 Mar 2021 Shift 1]

Answer: 25

Solution:
−6
Given, average force, F = 2.5 × 10 N
2
Area, A = 30cm
Time, t = 40min
IA
We know that, F =
c
where, I = energy flux of light
and c = speed of light in air.
−6 8
FC 2.5 × 10 × 3 × 10 2
⇒ I = = = 25W /cm
A 30

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question66
The speed of electrons in a scanning electron microscope is
1 × 107ms−1. If the protons having the same speed are used instead of
electrons, then the resolving power of scanning proton microscope will
be changed by a factor of
[18 Mar 2021 Shift 2]
Options:

A. 1837

1
B. 1837
C. √1837

1
D.
√1837

Answer: A

Solution:
According to de-Broglie wavelength,
h
λ= Since, resolving power,
mv
1
RP ∝
λ
mv
⇒RP ∝
h
⇒RP ∝ m (speed = constant)
RPp mp
⇒ =
RPe me
RPp
⇒ = 1837 (given, mρ = 1837me )
RPe
Hence, the resolving power of scanning proton microscope will be changed by factor of 1837.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question67
A particle is travelling 4 times as fast as an electron. Assuming the ratio
of de-Broglie wavelength of a particle to that of electron is 2 : 1, the
mass of the particle is
[18 Mar 2021 Shift 1]
Options:

1
A. 16 times the mass of electron

B. 8 times the mass of electron

C. 16 times the mass of electron

D. 1 times the mass of electron

8

Answer: D

Solution:

Solution:
λ 2 v 1
Given, p = , e =
λe 1 vp 4
We know that, de-Broglie wavelength,
h
λ=
mv
λp meve me 1
⇒
λe
=
mpvp
⇒
2
1
=
mp 4 ( )
1
⇒ mp = me
8
Question68
An electron of mass m and a photon have same energy E . The ratio of
wavelength of electron to that of photon is (c being the velocity of light)
[17 Mar 2021 Shift 1]
Options:

( )
1/2
A. 1c 2m
E

( )
1/2
B. 1c E
2m

( )
1/2
E
C. 2m

1/2
D. c(2mE )

Answer: B

Solution:

Solution:
We know
h
λ = ...(i)
p
where, λ = wavelength,
h = Planck's constant
and p = linear momentum
1 p2
Al sO, kinetic energy (K E ) = mv2 =
2 2m
⇒ p = √2mK E ...(ii)
From Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get
h h
λ= or λ = [∵K E = E ]
√2mK E √2mE
h
Wavelength of electron, λe =
√2mE
hc
and wavelength of photon, λp =
E
[ ∵ Both electron and photon have same energy. ]
h
λe λ
⇒
λp
=
√2mE
hc
⇒ e=
λp
1
c 2m
E 1/2
( )
E

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question69
The de-Broglie wavelength associated with an electron and a proton
were calculated by accelerating them through same potential of 100V .
What should nearly be the ratio of their wavelengths? ( mp = 1.00727u,
me = 0.00055u )
[16 Mar 2021 Shift 2]
Options:
A. 1860 : 1

B. (1860)2 : 1

C. 41.4 : 1

D. 43 : 1

Answer: D

Solution:

Solution:
Given, mass of proton, mp = 1.00727u
Mass of electron, me = 0.00055u
Potential, V = 100V
As, de-Broglie wavelength can be given as
h 1
λ= ⇒λ∝
√2mqV √m

√
λ1 m2
⇒ =
λ2 m1

√
λe mp
⇒
λp
=
me
= √ 1.00727u
0.00055u
λe
= √1831.4 = 42.79
λp
λe 43
or ≈ or λe : λp = 43 : 1
λp 1

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question70
A light beam of wavelength 500nm is incident on a metal having work
function of 1.25eV , placed in a magnetic field of intensity B. The
electrons emitted perpendicular to the magnetic field B, with maximum
kinetic energy are bent into circular arc of radius 30cm. The value of B
−7
is _______ ×10 T
Given hc = 20 × 10−26J − m, mass of electron = 9 × 10−31kg
[25 Jul 2021 Shift 2]

Answer: 125

Solution:
By photoelectric equation
hc
− ϕ = kmax
λ
1240
kmax = − 1.25 ≈ 1.25
500
√2mk
r=
eB
√2mk
B=
er
 −7
= 125 × 10 T
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question71
When radiation of wavelength λ is incident on a metallic surface, the
stopping potential of ejected photoelectrons is 4.8V . If the same surface
is illuminated by radiation of double the previous wavelength, then the
stopping potential becomes 1.6V . The threshold wavelength of the
metal is :
[25 Jul 2021 Shift 2]
Options:

A. 2λ

B. 4λ

C. 8λ

D. 6λ

Answer: B

Solution:

Solution:
V s = hv − ϕ
hc
4.8 = − ϕ .........(i)
λ
hc
1.6 = − ϕ .......(ii)
2λ
Using above equation (i) - (ii)
hc hc
3.2 = −
λ 2λ
hc
3.2 = .......(iii)
2λ

[ λ=
hc
6.4 ]
Put in equation (ii)
ϕ = 1.6
hc
= 1.6
λth
hc
λth =
1.6
= ( hc
6.4 )
× 4 = 4λ

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question72
A certain metallic surface is illuminated by monochromatic radiation of
wavelength λ. The stopping potential for photoelectric current for this
radiation is 3V 0. If the same surface is illuminated with a radiation of
wavelength 2λ, the stopping potential is V 0. The threshold wavelength
of this surface for photoelectric effect is________ λ.
[20 Jul 2021 Shift 2]

Answer: 4

Solution:
hc
KE = − ϕhc
λ
hc
e(3V 0) = − ϕ ......(i)
λ0
hc
eV 0 = − ϕ .........(ii)
2λ0
Using (i) & (ii)
hc hc
ϕ= =
4λ0 λt
λt = 4λ0
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question73
A particle of mass 9.1 × 10−31kg travels in a medium with a speed of
106m ∕ s and a photon of aradiation of linear momentum 10−27kgm ∕ s
travelsin vacuum. The wavelength of photon is _______ times the
wavelength of the particle.
[27 Jul 2021 Shift 1]
Answer: 910

Solution:

h 6.6 × 10−34
For photon λ1 = =
P 10−27
h 6.6 × 10−34
For particle λ2 = =
mv 9.1 × 10−31 × 106
λ
∴ 1 = 910
λ2

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question74
An electron moving with speed v and a photon moving with speed c,
have same D-Broglie wavelength. The ratio of kinetic energy of electron
to that of photon is :
[25 Jul 2021 Shift 2]
Options:

A. 3c
v

v
B. 3c

C. v
2c

D. 2c
v

Answer: C

Solution:

λe = λPh
h h
=
pe pph
E ph
√2mke =
c
(E ph)2
2mke =
c2
ke E ph
E ph
=
c
2
1
2m ( )
p
= ph
c 2m
1
( )
p
= e
c 2m
1
( )
mv 1
=
c 2m
v
=
2c
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question75
An electron of mass me and a proton of mass mP are accelerated
through the same potential difference. The ratio of the de-Broglie
wavelength associated with the electron to that with the proton is :-
[22 Jul 2021 Shift 2]
Options:

m
A. mp
e

B. 1

C.
√ mp
me

m
D. me
p

Answer: C
Solution:

Solution:
K E = eΔV
λe = h
√2me(eΔV )
λP = h
√2mp(eΔV )

√
λe mp
⇒ =
λP me

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question76
An electron having de-Broglie wavelength λ is incident on a target in a
X-ray tube. Cut-off wavelength of emitted X-ray is :
[20 Jul 2021 Shift 2]
Options:

A. 0
2 2 2
B. 2m c2 λ
h

2
2mcλ
C. h

hc
D. mc

Answer: C

Solution:

Solution:
h
λ=
mv
P2 h2 hc
kinetic energy, = =
2m 2mλ2 λc
2mλ2c
λc =
h

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question77
In a photoelectric experiment, increasing the intensity of incident light
[27 Aug 2021 Shift 1]
Options:

A. increases the number of photons incident and also increases the KE of the ejected electrons.

B. increases the frequency of photons incident and increases the KE of the ejected electrons.

C. increases the frequency of photons incident and the KE of the ejected electrons remains
unchange

D. d. increases the number of photons incident and the KE of the ejected electrons remains
unchanged.

Answer: D

Solution:

Solution:
As per Einstein’s theory of photoelectric effect when a photon strikes the metal surface it ejects an electron. If we
increase the intensity of light, the number of photons incident on surface will increase and thus, the number of electrons
ejected willincrease proportionally and the photocurrent will also increase. Kinetic energy of ejected electrons is given as
1
m v 2 = eV0
2 e e
Here, V0 is stopping potential.
The stopping potential of surface is constant and it will not increase with increase in intensity of light, so the kinetic
energy of ejected electrons will not increase.
Thus, increasing the intensity of light will increase the number of photons incident and the kinetic energy will remain
unchanged.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question78
A monochromatic neon lamp with wavelength of 670.5 nm illuminates a
photo-sensitive material which has a stopping voltage of 0.48V. What
will be the stopping voltage if the source light is changed with another
source of wavelength of 474.6 nm ?
[27 Aug 2021 Shift 2]
Options:

A. 0.96 V

B. 1.25 V

C. 0.24 V

D. 1.5 V

Answer: B

Solution:

Solution:
In, case I given, incident wavelength,
λ1 = 670.5nm
Stopping potential, V 1 = 0.48V
In case II Incident wavelength,
λ2 = 474.6nm
Stopping potential is V 2 .
By using Einstein photoelectric
hc
equation, eV 1 = − φ0
λ1
where, h is Planck's constant
= 6.63 × 10−34J s
c is speed of light = 3 × 108ms−1
φ0 is work function
 hc
∴ eV 1 = − φ0
λ1
hc
and similarly, eV 2 = − φ0
λ2
hc
⇒ φ0 = − eV 2
λ2
From Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get
hc hc
∴ − eV 1 = − eV 2
λ1 λ2

( λ1 − λ1 )
⇒eV 1 − eV 2 = hc
1 2

e ( λ λ )
hc 1 1
⇒ V −V =
1 2
−
1 2

e ( λ λ )
hc 1 1
⇒ V = V + 2
−
1
2 1
6.63 × 10−34 × 3 × 108
= 0.48 +
1.6 × 10−19
= ( 1
474.6
−
1
670.5 )
= 0.48 + 12.4 × 10−7 + 9 (2.11 × 10−3 − 1.49 × 10−3)
= 0.48 + 12.4 × 102 − 3 × 0.62
= 0.48 + 0.77 = 1.25V

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question79
In a photoelectric experiment ultraviolet light of wavelength 280 nm is
used with lithium cathode having work - function ϕ = 2.5 eV. If the
wavelength of incident light is switched to 400 nm, find out the change
in the stopping potential. ( h = 6.63 × 10−34 Js., and c = 3 × 108ms−1 )
[26 Aug 2021 Shift 1]
Options:

A. 1.3V

B. 1.1V

C. 1.9V

D. 0.6V

Answer: A

Solution:

Solution:
By Einstein’s photoelectric equation, we have
⇒hf = ϕ + (KE)max
where, f is the frequency, ϕ is the work-function of metal and (KE)max is the maximum kinetic energy of emitted
photoelectron.
hc
⇒ = ϕ + eV0
λ
hc
⇒eV0 = −ϕ
λ
Here, λ = 280 nm and ϕ = 2.5 eV
1240
⇒e(V0)1 = − 2.5
280
⇒e(V0)1 = 1.93 eV
⇒(V0)1 = 1.93V
Similarly, stopping potential for the light of wavelength of 400 nm,
 1240
e(V0)2 = − 2.5
400
⇒(V0)2 = 0.6V
∴ Change in stopping potential,
ΔV = (V0)1 − (V0)2
= 1.93 − 0.6 = 1.33 ≃ 1.3V

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question80
Consider two separate ideal gases of electrons and protons having same
number of particles. The temperature of both the gases are same. The
ratio of the uncertainty in determining the position of an electron to
that of a proton is proportional to
[31 Aug 2021 Shift 2]
Options:

3
A. ( ) mp
me
2

B.
√ me
mp

C.
√ mp
me

m
D. mp
e

Answer: C

Solution:

Solution:
At same temperature kinetic energy of proton and electron are same
KEp = KEe
2 2
pp pe
⇒ =
2mp 2me
2
pp mp
2
= ...(i)
pe me
h
Using uncertainty in determining the position, Δx ≈
Δp

√
Δxe Δpp mp
Ratio,∴ = = [from Eq. (i)]
Δxp Δpe me

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question81
A moving proton and electron have the same de-Broglie wavelength. If k
and p denote the KE and momentum, respectively. Then, choose the
correct option.
[31 Aug 2021 Shift 1]
Options:

A. Kp < Ke and pp = pe

B. Kp = Ke and pp = pe

C. Kp < Ke and pp < pe

D. Kp > Ke and pp = pe

Answer: A

Solution:

Solution:
Let de-Broglie wavelength of proton and electron are λp and λe.
Kinetic energy of electron and proton are Ke and Kp.
Momentum of electron and proton are pe and pP.
According to question, λp = λe = λ
By using de-Broglie wavelength,
h h
λ= =
p √2 mK
where, m is mass and h is Planck’s constant.
h
∴p = ...(i)
λ
From Eq. (i)
pe = pp as λe = λp
h2
Again, K = ...(ii)
2mλ
From Eq. (ii)
K m λ
∴ e= p× p
Kp me λe
Ke m
⇒ = p [∵λe = λp]
Kp me
∵mp > me
Ke > Kp

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question82
The de-Broglie wavelength of a particle having kinetic energy E is λ.
How much extra energy must be given to this particle, so that the de-
Broglie wavelength reduces to 75% of the initial value ?
[26 Aug 2021 Shift 2]
Options:

A. 1
9
E

B. 7
9
E

C. E

D. 16 E
9

Answer: B
Solution:

Solution:
Given, initial kinetic energy, E1 = E
Initial de-Broglie wavelength, λ1 = λ
Consider the wavelength of particle changes to 75% of λ after
providing energy ∆E to the particle.
Hence, final wavelength of particle, λ2 = 0.75λ
Final energy, E2 = E + ΔE
Relationship between de-Broglie wavelength and energy of particleis given as
h
λ=
√2mE
Here, h is Planck’s constant and m is mass of particle which is alsoconstant term.
Therefore, we get
1
λ∝
√E
Thus, we can write the relationship as
λ1 √E2
=
λ2 √E1
λ √
⇒ = E + ΔE
0.75λ √E
4 √E + ΔE
⇒ =
3 √E
Squaring both sides of above equation, we get
16 E + ΔE
⇒ =
9 E
⇒16E = 9E + 9ΔE
7
ΔE = E
9

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question83
The temperature of an ideal gas in 3 - dimensions is 300K. The
corresponding de-Broglie wavelength of the electron approximately at
300K, is
[ me = mass of electron = 9 × 10−31 kg
−34
h = Planck's constant = 6.6 × 10 Js
KB = Boltzmann constant = 1.38 × 10−23JK−1 ]
[1 Sep 2021 Shift 2]
Options:

A. 6.26 nm

B. 8.46 nm

C. 2.26 nm

D. 3.25 nm

Answer: A

Solution:

Solution:
Given, Planck's constant, h = 6.6 × 10−34 Js
Boltzmann constant, kB = 1.38 × 10−23J ∕ K
Mass of an electron, me = 9 × 10−31 kg
Temperature of an ideal gas, T = 300K
As we know that, de-Broglie wavelength,
h h
λ= = ... (i)
mv √2 mE
Here, E is the kinetic energy.
3KBT
E=
2
Substituting value of E in Eq. (i), we get,
λ= h
√3mKBT
Substituting the given values in the above equation, we get
6.6 × 10−34
λ=
√ 3 × 9 × 10−31 × 138 × 10−23 × 300
= 6.26 nm
∴ The corresponding de-Broglie wavelength of an electronapproximately at 300 K is 6.26 nm.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question84
A particle moving with kinetic energy E has de Broglie wavelength λ. If
energy ΔE is added to its energy, the wavelength become 2λ . Value of
ΔE , is:
[9 Jan. 2020 I]
Options:

A. E

B. 4E

C. 3E

D. 2E

Answer: C

Solution:

Solution:
As per question, when K E of particle E , wavelength λ and when K E becomes E + ΔE wavelength becomes λ ∕ 2
h
Using, λ =
√2mK E
λ h
=
2 √2m(K E + ΔE )
⇒
λ
λ∕2
= √
K E + ΔE
KE
K E + ΔE
⇒4 =
KE
⇒4K E − K E = ΔE
∴ΔE = 3K E = 3E

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question85
An electron of mass m and magnitude of charge |e| initially at rest gets
accelerated by a constant electric field E . The rate of change of de-
Broglie wavelength of this electron at time t ignoring relativistic effects
is:
[9 Jan. 2020 II]
Options:

h
A. −
|e|E √t

|e|E t
B. h

C. − h
|e|E t

D. −h 2
|e|E t

Answer: D

Solution:

Solution:
eE
Acceleration of electron in electric field, a =
m
Using equation
v = u + at
eE
⇒v = 0 + t
m
eE t
⇒v = .......(i)
m
De-broglie wavelength λ is given by
h h
λ= = [using (i)]
mv
m (
eE t
m )
h
⇒λ =
eE t
Differentiating w.r.t.

dλ
=
d (
eE
h
)
t ⇒ d λ = −h
dt dt dt eE t2

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question86
→ ^ ^
An electron (mass m ) with initial velocity v = v0 i + v0 j is in an electric
→ ^
field E = −E 0 k . If λ0 is initial de-Broglie wavelength of electron, its de-
Broglie wave length at time t is given by:
[8 Jan. 2020 II]
Options:

λ0√2
A.

√ 1+
e2E 2t2
m2v02

λ0
B.

√
e2E 02t2
1+
m2v02
 λ0
C.

√ 1+
e2E 2t2
2m2v02

λ0
D.

√ 2+
e2E 2t2
m2v02

Answer: C

Solution:

Solution:
^ ^
Given, Initial velocity, u = v0 i + v0 j
qE 0 eE 0
Acceleration, a = =
m m
Using v = u + at
^ ^ eE 0 ^
v = v0 i + v0 j + tk
m

√ ( eEm t )
2
→
∴| v | = 2v02 + 0

h
de-Broglie wavelength, λ =
p
h
⇒λ = ( ∵ p = mv)
mv
h
Initial wavelength, λ0 =
mv0√2
Final wavelength,
h
λ=m

√ ( )
2
eE 0t
2v02 +
m
λ 1
=
λ0
√ ( )
2
eE 0t
1+
√2mv0
λ0
⇒λ =

√
1+
e2E 02t2
2m2v02

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question87
A beam of electrons of energy E scatters from a target having atomic
spacing of 1Å. The first maximum intensity occurs at θ = 60°. Then E (
in eV ) is ______.
(Plank constant h = 6.64 × 10−34J s, 1eV = 1.6 × 10−19J ,
electron mass m = 9.1 × 10−31kg )
[NA Sep. 05, 2020 (I)]

Answer: 50

Solution:
 h h
From Bragg's equation 2d sin θ = λ and de-Broglie wavelength, λ = =
P √2mE

h
2d sin θ = λ =
√2mE
−34
√ 6.6 × 10
⇒2 × 10−10 × 3 =
2 √2mE
−10
[ ∵° = 60° and d = 1Å = 1 × 10 m ]
1 2 10−48
∴E = × 6.64 × −31 −19
≃50eV
2 9.1 × 10 × 3 × 1.6 × 10

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question88
Radiation, with wavelength 6561 Å falls on a metal surface to produce
photoelectrons. The electrons are made to enter a uniform magnetic
field of 3 × 10–4 T. If the radius of the largest circular path followed by
the electrons is 10 mm, the work function of the metal is close to:
[9 Jan. 2020 I]
Options:

A. 1.1 ev

B. 0.8 ev

C. 1.6 ev

D. 1.8 ev

Answer: A

Solution:

Solution:
Using Einstein's photoelectric equation,
E = ω0 + K E max
⇒ω0 = K E max − E
2
p
p = √2mK E ⇒ K E =
2m
p
r= ⇒ p = reB
eB
r2e2B2 12420
K max = K E max = − ω0
2m λ
2 2
12420 r eB
⇒ω0 = − (I neV )
6561 2m
−4 −19 5
(10 )(1.6 × 10 )9 × 10
= 1.89(eV ) − −31
2 × 9.07 × 10
(10 )(1.6 × 10 )9 × 105
−4 −19
= 1.89(eV ) − −31
2 × 9.07 × 10
= (1.89 − 0.79)eV = 1.1eV
Question89
When photon of energy 4.0eV strikes the surface of a metal A, the
ejected photoelectrons have maximum kinetic energy T AeV and de-
Broglie wavelength λA. The maximum kinetic energy of photoelectrons
liberated from another metal B by photon of energy 4.50eV is
T B = (T A − 1.5)eV . If the de-Broglie wavelength of these photoelectrons
λB = 2λA, then the work function of metal B is:
[8 Jan. 2020 I]
Options:

A. 4 eV

B. 2 eV

C. 1.5 eV

D. 3 eV

Answer: A

Solution:

Solution:
de-Broglie wavelength (λ),
h
Momentum, mv = = p = √2m(K E )
λ
h 1
∴λ = ⇒λ∝
√2mK E √K E

√ √
λA KB T A − 1.5
∴ = = (as given)
λB KA TA
λA 1
Also, =
λB 2
On solving we get, T A = 2eV
∴K E B = T A − 1.5 = 2 − 1.5 = 0.5eV
∴ Work function of metal B is
ϕB = E B − K E B = 4.5 − 0.5 = 4eV

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question90
A beam of electromagnetic radiation of intensity 6.4 × 10−5W ∕ cm2 is
comprised of wavelength, λ = 310 nm. It falls normally on a metal (work
function φ = 2eV ) of surface area of 1cm2. If one in 103 photons ejects
x
an electron, total number of electrons ejected in 1s is 10 .
(hc = 1240eV nm, 1eV = 1.6 × 10−19J ), then x is ______.
[NA 7 Jan. 2020 I]
 Answer: 11

Solution:
Energy of proton
hc 1240
E = = = 4eV > 2eV [sϕ]
λ 310
(so emission of photoelectron will take place)
= 4 × 1.6 × 10−19 = 6.4 × 10−19 joule
6.4 × 10−5 × 1
N = = 1014
4 × 6.4 × 10−19
1014
No. of photoelectrons emitted per second = 3
= 1011( ∵1 in 103 photons ejects an electron )
10
∴ Value of X = 11.00

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question91
An electron, a doubly ionized helium ion (H e++) and a proton are having
the same kinetic energy. The relation between their respective de-
Broglie wavelengths λe, λ ++ and λp is
He
[Sep. 06, 2020 (I)]
Options:

A. λe > λH e++ > λp

B. λe < λH e++ = λp

C. λe > λp > λH e++

D. λe < λp < λH e++

Answer: C

Solution:
h h
de-Broglie wavelength, λ = =
P √2m(K E )
1
∴λ ∝
√m
As m + > mP > me
He
λH e++ > λP > λe or λe > λP > λH e++

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question92
Assuming the nitrogen molecule is moving with r.m.s.velocity at 400 K,
the de-Broglie wavelength of nitrongen molecule is close to :
(Given : nitrogen molecule weight : 4.64 × 10–26 kg, Boltzman constant :
1.38 × 10–23 J/K, Planck constant : 6.63 × 10–34 J.s)
[Sep. 06, 2020 (II)]
Options:

A. 0.24 Å

B. 0.20 Å

C. 0.34 Å

D. 0.44 Å

Answer: A

Solution:

√
3kT
Rms speed of gas molecule, V rms =
m
h h
de Broglie wavelength, λ = =
p √2mk
h h h
∴λ = = =
√3mkT
√ √
1 3
2m × mV rms2 m × kT
2 2
Substituting the respective values we get
6.63 × 10−34
λ= = 0.24Å
√ 3 × 4.64 × 10−26 × 1.38 × 10−13 × 400

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question93
m
Particle A of mass mA = 2
moving along the x -axis with velocity v0
m
collides elastically with another particle B at rest having mass mB = 3
.
If both particles move along the x -axis after the collision, the change
Δλ in de-Broglie wavelength of particle A, in terms of its de-Broglie
wavelength (λ0) before collision is :
[Sep. 04, 2020 (I)]
Options:

A. Δλ = 3 λ0
2

B. Δλ = 5 λ
2 0

C. Δλ = 2λ0

D. Δλ = 4λ0

Answer: D

Solution:
Applying momentum conservation
m m m m
×V0+ × (0) = V A + V B
2 3 2 3
V0 VA VB
= = + .....(i)
2 2 3
Since, collision is elastic
V −VA
e=1= B ⇒V 0 = V B − V A ........(ii)
V0
V
On solving equations (i) and (ii) : V A = 0
5
Now, de-Broglie wavelength of A before collision :
h h 2h
λ )0 = = ⇒λ0 =
mAV 0 m
2 ( )
V0
mV 0

Final de-Broglie wavelength :

h h 10h
λf = = ⇒λf =
mAV 0 m V0 mV 0
×
2 5
10h 2h
∴Δλ = λf − λ0 = −
mV 0 mV 0
8h 2h
⇒Δλ = ⇒Δλ = 4 ×
mv0 mv0
∴Δλ = 4λ0

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question94
A particle is moving 5 times as fast as an electron. The ratio of the de-
Broglie wavelength of the particle to that of the electron is 1.878 × 10−4.
The mass of the particle is close to :
[Sep. 02, 2020 (II)]
Options:

A. 4.8 × 10−27kg

B. 9.1 × 10−31kg

C. 1.2 × 10−28kg

D. 9.7 × 10−28kg

Answer: D

Solution:

Solution:
de Broglie wavelength
h h
λ= ⇒m=
mv λv
1
Clearly, m ∝
λv
If λ and v be the wavelength and velocity of electron and χ′ and v′ be the wavelength and velocity of the particle then
m′ vλ 1 1
⇒ = = × × 10−4
m v′λ′ 5 1.878
 −28
⇒m = 9.7 × 10 kg

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question95
The surface of a metal is illuminated alternately with photons of
energies E 1 = 4 eV and E 2 = 2.5 eV respectively. The ratio of maximum
speeds of the photoelectrons emitted in the two cases is 2. The work
function of the metal in (eV) is ________.
[NA Sep. 05, 2020 (II)]

Answer: 2

Solution:

Solution:
From the Einstein's photoelectric equation
Energy of photon = Kinetic energy of photoelectrons + Work function
⇒ Kinetic energy = Energy of Photon − Work Function
Let ϕ0 be the work function of metal and v1 and v2 be the velocity of photoelectrons. Using Einstein's photoelectric
equation we have
1
mv12 = 4 − ϕ0 ......(i)
2
1 2
mv2 = 2.5 − ϕ0......(ii)
2
1 2
mv1 4 − ϕ0
2
⇒ =
1 2 2.5 − ϕ0
mv2
2
2 4 − ϕ0
⇒(2) = ⇒10 − 4ϕ0 = 4 − ϕ0
2.5 − ϕ0
ϕ0 = 2eV

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question96
Given figure shows few data points in a photo electric effect experiment
for a certain metal. The minimum energy for ejection of electron from
its surface is : (Plancks constant h = 6.62 × 10–34 J.s)
[Sep. 04, 2020 (I)]
Options:

A. 2.27 eV

B. 2.59 eV

C. 1.93 eV

D. 2.10 eV

Answer: A

Solution:

Solution:
Graph of V and f given at B(5.5, 0)
Minimum energy for ejection of electron = Work function (ϕ).
ϕ = hV joule or ϕ =
hV
e
eV for V = 0 ) (
−34 14
6.62 × 10 × 5.5 × 10
∴ϕ = −19
eV = 2.27eV
1.6 × 10

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question97
In a photoelectric effect experiment, the graph of stopping potential V
versus reciprocal of wavelength obtained is shown in the figure. As the
intensity of incident radiation is increased :

[Sep. 04, 2020 (II)]

Options:

A. Straight line shifts to right

B. Slope of the straight line get more steep

C. Straight line shifts to left

D. Graph does not change

Answer: D

Solution:

According to Einstein's photoelectric equation

K max = hv − ϕ0
hc
⇒eV s = − ϕ0
λ
 hc ϕ0
⇒V s = −
λe e
where λ = wavelength of incident light
ϕ0 = work function
V s = stopping potential
hc
Comparing the above equation with y = mx + c, we getslope =
e
Increasing the frequency of incident radiation has no effect on work function and frequency. So, graph will not change.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question98
When the wavelength of radiation falling on a metal is changed from
500 nm to 200 nm, the maximum kinetic energy of the photoelectrons
becomes three times larger. The work function of the metal is close to :
[Sep. 03, 2020 (I)]
Options:

A. 0.81 eV

B. 1.02 eV

C. 0.52 eV

D. 0.61 eV

Answer: D

Solution:

Solution:
hc
Using equation, = −ϕ
λ
hc hc
K E max = −ϕ= − ϕ .....(1)
λ 500
hc
Again, 3K E max = − ϕ ......(2)
200
Dividing equation (2) by (1),
hc
3K E max −ϕ
3 200
= =
K E max 1 hc
−ϕ
500
Putting the value of hc = 1237.5 and solving we get, work function, ϕ = 0.61eV .

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question99
Two sources of light emit X-rays of wavelength 1 nm and visible light of
wavelength 500 nm, respectively. Both the sources emit light of the
same power 200 W. The ratio of the number density of photons of X-rays
to the number density of photons of the visible light of the given
wavelengths is :
[Sep. 03, 2020 (II)]
Options:
 1
A. 500

B. 250

C. 1
250

D. 500

Answer: A

Solution:

Solution:
Given,
Wavelength of X -rays, λ1 = 1nm = 1 × 10−9m
Wavelength of visible light, λ2 = 500 × 10−9m
The number of photons emitted per second from a source of monochromatic radiation of wavelength λ and power P is
given as
n=
P
E
=
P
hv
=
Pλ
hc
( ∵E = hv and v =
c
λ )
⇒ Clearly n ∝ λ
n λ 1
⇒ 1= 1=
n2 λ2 500

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question100
When radiation of wavelength λ is used to illuminate a metallic surface,
the stopping potential is V. When the same surface is illuminated with
radiation of wavelength 3λ , the stopping potential is . V4 . If the
threshold wavelength for the metallic surface is nl then value of nλ will
be _________.
[NA Sep. 02, 2020 (I)]

Answer: 9

Solution:

When radiation of wavelength A, λA is used to illuminate, stopping potential V A = V

hc
= ϕ + eV .....(i)
λ
V
When radiation of wavelength B, λB is used to illuminate, stopping potential, V B =
4
hc eV
=ϕ+ .......(ii)
3λ 4
From eq. (i) - (ii)
hc
λ (1−
1
3 ) 3
= eV
4
hc 2 3 8
⇒ = eV ⇒eV =
λ 3 4 9λ
hc 8 hc
=ϕ+
λ 9 λ
 hc hc
∴ϕ = = , so, n = 9.
9λ nλ

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question101
A particle A of mass 'm' and charge 'q' is accelerated by a potential
difference of 50v Another particle B of mass 4m ' and charge'q is
accelerated by a potential differnce of2500V . The ratio of de-Broglie
λA
wavelength λB
is
[12 Jan. 2019 I]
Options:

A. 10.00

B. 0.07

C. 14.14

D. 4.47

Answer: C

Solution:

Solution:
de Broglie wavelength (lambda) is given by K = qV
h h h
λ= = = (∵p = √2mK )
p √2mK √2mqV
Substituting the values we get
λ √2mBqBV B
∴ A=
λB √2m q V A A
=
A
√
4m . q.2500
m . q.50
= 2√50 = 2 × 7.07 = 14.14

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question102
If the deBroglie wavelength of an electron is equal to 10−3 times the
wavelength of a photon of frequency 6 × 1014 H z, then the speed of
electron is equal to :
8
(Speed of light = 3 × 10 m ∕ s )
Planck's constant = 6.63 × 10−34J .s
Mass of electron = 9.1 × 10−31kg )
[11 Jan. 2019 I]
Options:

A. 1.1 × 106m ∕ s

B. 1.7 × 106m ∕ s

C. 1.8 × 106m ∕ s
 6
D. 1.45 × 10 m ∕ s

Answer: D

Solution:

Solution:
de-Broglie wavelength,

λ=
h
mv
= 10
−3
(
3 × 108
6 × 1014
∵λ =
c
v )[ ]
6.63 × 10−34 × 6 × 1014
v=
9.1 × 10−31 × 3 × 105
v = 1.45 × 106m ∕ s

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question103
In an electron microscope, the resolution that can be achieved is of the
order of the wavelength of electrons used. To resolve a width of
7.5 × 10−12 m, the minimum electron energy required is close to:
[10 Jan. 2019 I]
Options:

A. 500 keV

B. 100 keV

C. 1 keV

D. 25 keV

Answer: D

Solution:
h
Using, λ = { given: λ = 7.5 × 10−12 }
p
h
⇒P =
λ
Minimum energy required,

{ }
2
6.6 × 10−34
P2 (h ∕ λ)2 7.5 × 10−12
KE = = = J = 25keV
2m 2m 2 × 9.1 × 10−31

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question104
When a certain photosensistive surface is illuminated with
monochromatic light of frequency v, the stopping potential for the
photo current is −V 0 ∕ 2. When the surface is illuminated by
monochromatic light of frequency v ∕ 2, the stoppoing potential is −V 0.
The threshold frequency for photoelectric emission is:
[12 Jan. 2019 II]
Options:

A. 5v
3

B. 4
3
v

C. 2v

D. (BONUS)

Answer: D

Solution:

Solution:
(BONUS)

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question105
In a Frank-Hertz experiment, an electron of energy 5.6 eV passes
through mercury vapour and emerges with an energy 0.7 eV. The
minimum wavelength of photons emitted by mercury atoms is close to :
[12 Jan. 2019 II]
Options:

A. 1700 nm

B. 2020 nm

C. 220 nm

D. 250 nm

Answer: D

Solution:

Solution:
12375
Using, wavelength, λ =
ΔE
12375
or, λ = ≃ 250nm
4.9

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question106
In a photoelectric experiment, the wavelength of the light incident on a
metal is changed from 300 nm to 400 nm. The decrease in the stopping
potential is close to :
 ( hc
e
= 1240nm − V )
[11 Jan. 2019 II]
Options:

A. 0.5 V

B. 1.5 V

C. 1.0 V

D. 2.0 V

Answer: C

Solution:
Let ϕ = work function of the metal,
hc
= ϕ + eV 1 .......(i)
λ1
hc
= ϕ + eV 2 .......(ii)
λ2
Sutracting (ii) from (i) we get
hc (
1
−
λ1 λ2
1
)
= e(V 1 − V 2)

⇒V 1 − V 2 =
hc
e ( λ2 − λ1
λ1 . λ2 )
[λ 1
hc
= 300 nm, λ2 = 400 nm,
e
= 1240 nm − V ]
= (1240nm − v)
100nm
300nm × 400nm ( )
= 1.03V ≈ 1V

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question107
A metal plate of area 1 × 10−4m2 is illuminated by a radiation of
intensity 16mW ∕ m2. The work function of the metal is 5eV . The energy
of the incident photons is 10eV and only 10% of it produces photo
electrons. The number of emitted photo electrons per second and their
maximum energy, respectively, will be:
[1eV = 1.6 × 10−19J ]
[10 Jan. 2019 II]
Options:

A. 1014 and 10eV

B. 1012 and 5eV

11
C. 10 and 5eV
10
D. 10 and 5eV

Answer: C
Solution:

nE
using, intensity I =
At
n = no. of photoelectrons
10 × 1.6 × 10−19
⇒16 × 10−3 =
n
t
× ( ) 10−4
n
or, = 1012
t
So, effective number of photoelectrons ejected per unit time = 1012 × 10 ∕ 100 = 1011

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question108
Surface of certain metal is first illuminated with light of wavelength
λ1 = 350 nm and then, by light of wavelength λ2 = 540 nm. It is found
that the maximum speed of the photo electrons in the two cases differ
by a factor of (2)The work function of the metal (in eV) is close to:
(Energy of photon = λ(1240
in nm)
eV )
[9 Jan. 2019 I]
Options:

A. 1.8

B. 2.5

C. 5.6

D. 1.4

Answer: A

Solution:

Solution:
From Einstein's photoelectric equation,
hc 1
= ϕ + m(2v)2 ......(i)
λ1 2
hc 1
and = ϕ + mv2 .......(ii)
λ2 2
As per question, maximum speed of photoelectrons in two cases differ by a factor 2
From eqn. (i) & (ii)
hc ϕ hc 4hc
⇒ − =4⇒ −ϕ= − 4ϕ
λ1 hcλ2 − ϕ λ1 λ2

⇒
4hc hc
λ2
−
λ1
1
= 3ϕ ⇒ϕ = hc
3
4
−
1
λ2 λ1 ( )
=
1
3
× 1240 (
4 × 350 − 540
350 × 540 ) = 1.8eV

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question109
The magnetic field associated with a light wave is given at the origin by
7 7
B = B0[ sin(3.14 × 10 ) ct +sin(6.28 × 10 ) ct ]
If this light falls on a silver plate having a work function of 4.7 eV, what
will be the maximum kinetic energy of thephotoelectrons?
(c = 3 × 108ms−1, h = 6.6 × 10−34J − s)
[9 Jan. 2019 II]
Options:

A. 6.82 eV

B. 12.5 eV

C. 8.52 eV

D. 7.72 eV

Answer: D

Solution:
According to question, there are two EM waves with different frequency,
B1 = B0 sin(π × 107c) t
and B2 = B0 sin(2π × 107c) t
To get maximum kinetic energy we take the photon with higher frequency
using, B = B0 sin ω t and ω = 2πv ⇒ v = ω2π
7107
B1 = B0 sin(π × 10 c) t ⇒v1 = ×c
2
B2 = B0 sin(2π × 107c) t ⇒ v2 = 107c
where cis speed of light c = 3 × 108m ∕ s
Clearly, v2 > v1
so K E of photoelectron will be maximum for photon of higher energy.
v2 = 107cH z
hv = ϕ + K E max
energy of photon
E ph = hv = 6.6 × 10−34 × 107 × 3 × 109
pn
E ph = 6.6 × 3 ×10−19J
6.6 × 3 × 10−19
= eV = 12.375eV
1.6 × 10−19
K E max = E ph − ϕ
= 12.375 − 4.7 = 7.675eV ≈7.7eV

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question110
A particle ' P ' is formed due to a completely inelastic collision of
particles ' x ' and ' y ' having de-Broglie wavelengths ′λx′ and ′λy '
respectively. If x and y were moving in opposite directions, then the de-
Broglie wavelength of ' P ' is:
[9 Apr. 2019 II]
Options:

λλ
x y
A. λ + λy
x

λλ
x y
B. |λ − λy|
x
C. λx − λy

D. λx + λy

Answer: B

Solution:

Solution:
P1 − P2 = (P1 + P2) = P
1
As P ∝
λ
1 1 1
or − =
λx λy λ
λ − λx 1
or y =
λxλy λ

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question111
Two particles move at right angle to each other. Their de Broglie
wavelengths are λ1 and λ2 respectively. The particles suffer perfectly
inelastic collision. The de Broglie wavelength λ, of the final particle, is
given by:
[8 April 2019 I]
Options:

A. 12 = 12 + 12
λ λ1 λ2

B. λ = √λ1λ2

λ2 + λ2
C. λ = 2

D. 2
λ
= 1 + 1
λ1 λ2

Answer: A

Solution:

Solution:
From the de-Broglie relation,

h
p1 =
λ1
 h
p2 =
λ2
Momentum of the final particle (pf ) is given by

√ p1
2
∴pf = + p22

⇒
h
λ
=
√ h2
λ12
h2
+ 2
λ2
1 1 1
⇒ = 2+ 2
λ2 λ1 λ2

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question112
The stopping potential V 0 (in volt) as a function of frequency(v) for a
sodium emitter, is shown in the figure. The work function of sodium,
from the data plotted in the figure, will be: (Given : Planck's constant
(h) = 6.63 × 10−34J s, electron charge e = 1.6 × 10−19C )

[12 Apr. 2019 I]

Options:

A. 1.82 eV

B. 1.66 eV

C. 1.95 eV

D. 2.12 eV

Answer: B

Solution:

Solution:
f 0 = 4 × 1014H z
W 0 = hf 0 = 6.63 × 10−34 ×(4 × 1014)J
(6.63 × 10−34) × (4 × 1014)
=
1.6 × 10−19
= 1.66eV

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question113
In a photoelectric effect experiment the threshold wavelength of light is
380 nm. If the wavelength of incident light is 260 nm, the maximum
kinetic energy of emitted electrons will be:
Given E (in eV) =
[10 Apr. 2019 I]
Options:

A. 1.5 eV

B. 3.0 eV

C. 4.5 eV

D. 15.1 eV

Answer: A

Solution:

Solution:
K E max = E − ϕ0
(where E = energy of incident light ϕ0 = work function)
hc hc
= −
λ λ0

= 1237 [ 260
1
−
380 ]
1

1237 × 120
= = 1.5eV
380 × 260

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question114
A 2mW laser operates at a wavelength of 500nm. The number of
photons that will be emitted per second is :
[Given Planck's constant h = 6.6 × 10−34J s, speed of light
c = 3.0 × 108m ∕ s ]
[10 Apr. 2019 II]
Options:
15
A. 5 × 10
16
B. 1.5 × 10
16
C. 2 × 10

D. 1 × 1016

Answer: A

Solution:

Solution:
Energy of photon (E) is given by
hc
E =
λ
Number of photons of wavelength lambda emitted in t second from laser of power P is given by
 Ptλ
n=
hc
−3 −7
2×λ 2 × 10 × 5 × 10
⇒n = = −25
( ∵ t = 1S)
hc 2 × 10
⇒n = 5 × 1015

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question115
The electric field of light wave is given as

( )
→
E = 103 cos 2πx
− 2π × 6 × 1014t xN
^
C
5 × 10−7
This light falls on a metal plate of work function 2eV . The stopping
potential of the photo-electrons is:
Given, E ( in eV ) = λ(12375
in Å)
[9 April 2019 I]
Options:

A. 2.0 V

B. 0.72 V

C. 0.48 V

D. 2.48 V

Answer: C

Solution:

Solution:
Here w = 2π × 6 × 1014 or f = 6 × 1014H z
C 3 × 108 −6
Wavelength λ = = = 0.5 × 10 m = 5000A°
f 6 × 1014
12374
Now E = = 2.48eV
5000
Using E = w + eV
2.48 = 2 + eV s or V s = 0.48V

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question116
Two electrons are moving with non-relativistic speeds perpendicular to
each other. If corresponding de Broglie wavelengths are λ1 and λ2 , their
de Broglie wavelength in the frame of reference attached to their centre
of mass is:
[Online April 15, 2018]
Options:

A. λCM = λ1 = λ2
B. 1 = 1 + 1
λ1 λ1 λ2

2λ1λ2
C. λCM =
√ λ12 + λ22

D. λCM = ( λ1 + λ2
2 )
Answer: C

Solution:

Solution:
h^ h^
Momentum (p) of each electron i and j
λ1 λ2
Velocity of centre of mass
h ^ h ^
V cm = i + j (∵p = mv)
2mλ1 2mλ2
Velocity of 1 st particle about centre of mass
h ^ h ^
V 1cm = i − j
2mλ1 2mλ2
2λ1λ2
λcm =
h
= ∵λ =
h
p ( )
√ √ λ1 + λ2
2 2 2 2
h h
2
+ 2
4λ1 4λ2

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question117
If the de Broglie wavelengths associated with a proton and an α-particle
are equal, then the ratio of velocities of the proton and the α-particle
will be:
[Online April 15, 2018]
Options:

A. 1 : 4

B. 1 : 2

C. 4 : 1

D. 2 : 1

Answer: C

Solution:

Solution:
According to question, λp = λα
h h
Using, λ = =
p mv
h h
So, =
mp × vp mα × vα
vp mα 4mp
⇒ = =
vα mp mp
( ∵ mass of α -particle is 4 times of mass of proton )
 vp 4
So, = ; i.e., 4 : 1
vα 1

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question118
A particle A of mass m and initial velocity v collides with a particle B of
mass m2
which is at rest. The collision is head on, and elastic. The ratio
of the de-Broglie wavelengths λA to λB after the collision is
[2017]
Options:

λ
A. λA = 2
3
B

λ
B. λA = 1
2
B

λ
C. λA = 1
3
B

λ
D. λA = 2
B

Answer: D

Solution:

Solution:
m
From question, mA = M ; mB =
2
uA = V uB = 0
Let after collision velocity of A = V 1 and velocity of B = V 2
Applying law of conservation of momentum,
mu = mv1 +
m
2 ( )
v2
or, 24 = 2v1 + v2 ......(i)
By law of collision
v − v1
e= 2
u−0
or, u = v2 − v1 ........(ii)
[ ∵ collision is elastic, e = 1 ]
using eqns (i) and (ii)
4 4
v1 = and v2 = u
3 3
h
de-Broglie wavelength λ =
p
m 4
λA PB × u
2 3
∴ = = =2
λB PA 4
m×
3

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question119
An electron beam is accelerated by a potential difference V to hit a
metallic target to produce X-rays. It produces continuous as well as
characteristic X-rays.If λmin is the smallest possible wavelength of X -
ray in the spectrum, the variation of log λmin with log V is correctly
represented in :
[2017]
Options:

A.

B.

C.

D.

Answer: C

Solution:

Solution:
hc
In X -ray tube, λmin =
eV
In λmin = In ( hce ) − In V
Clearly, log λmin versus log V graph
slope is negative hence option (c) correctly depicts.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question120
A Laser light of wavelength 660nm is used to weld Retina detachment. If
a Laser pulse of width 60ms and power 0.5 kW is used the approximate
number of photons in the pulse are : [Take Planck's constant
h = 6.62 × 10−34J s ]
[Online April 9, 2017]
Options:

A. 1020

B. 1018

C. 1022

D. 1019

Answer: A

Solution:

Solution:
Given, λ = 660nm, Power = 0.5kW , t = 60ms
nhc pλ
Power P = ⇒n=
λt hc
3 660 × 10−9 × 60 × 10−3
= 0.5 × 10 × −34 8
6.6 × 10 × 3 × 10
18 20
= 100 × 10 = 10

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question121
The maximum velocity of the photoelectrons emitted from the surface is
v when light of frequency n falls on a metal surface. If the incident
frequency is increased to 3n, the maximum velocity of the ejected
photoelectrons will be :
[Online April 8, 2017]
Options:

A. less than √3 v

B. v

C. more than √3 v

D. equal to √3 v

Answer: C

Solution:

Solution:
As the metal surface is same, work function (ϕ) is same for both the case.
Initially K E max = nh − ϕ .......(i)
After increase K E max = 3nh − ϕ ..... (ii)
For work function ϕ− not to be − ve or zero, v′ > √3v
Question122
Radiation of wavelength lambda, is incident on a photocell. The fastest
emitted electron has speed v. If the wavelength is changed to 3λ
4
, the
speed of the fastest emitted electron will be:
[2016]
Options:

1
A. = v ( ) 4
3
2

1
B. = v ( ) 3
4
2

1
C. >v ( )
4
3
2

1
D. <v ( )
4
3
2

Answer: C

Solution:

Solution:
c 1
h − hv0 = mv2
λ 2
4 hc 1
∴ − hv0 = mv′2
3 λ 2

√
4 4
2 v − v0 v − v0
v′ 3 3
∴ 2 = ∴v′ = v
v v − v0 v − v0

√3
4
∴v′ > v

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question123
A photoelectric surface is illuminated successively by monochromatic
light of wavelengths λ and 2λ . If the maximum kinetic energy of the
emitted photoelectrons in the second case is 3 times that in the first
case, the work function of the surface is :
[Online April 10,2016]
Options:

hc
A. 2λ

hc
B. λ
 hc
C. 3λ

D. 3hc
λ

Answer: A

Solution:

Solution:
From Einstein's photoelectric equation
hc
K . E .λ = − ϕ ........(i)
λ
(for monochromatic light of wavelength λ ) where ϕ is work function
hc
K .E λ = − ϕ ........(ii)
. λ ∕2
2
(for monochromatic light of wavelength λ ∕ 2 )
From question,
λ
K . E . = 3(K . E . λ) ⇒
2
hc
λ∕2
−ϕ=3
hc
λ
−ϕ ( )
2hc hc
−ϕ=3 − 3ϕ
λ λ
hc hc
⇒2ϕ = ∴ϕ=
λ 2λ

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question124
When photons of wavelength λ1 are incident on an isolated sphere, the
corresponding stopping potential is found to be V . When photons of
wavelength λ2 are used, the corresponding stopping potential was thrice
that of the above value. If light of wavelength λ3 is used then find the
stopping potential for this case :
[Online April 9,2016]
Options:

A. e
hc
[ 1
λ3
+ 1 − 1
λ2 λ1 ]
B. e
hc
[ 1
λ3
+ 1 − 1
2λ2 λ1 ]
C. e
hc
[ 1
λ3
− 1 − 1
λ2 λ1 ]
D. (None)

Answer: D

Solution:

Solution:
From Einstein's photoelectric equation, we have
hc hc
= + eV ......(i)
λ1 λ0
hc hc
= + eV .......(ii)
λ2 λ0
hc hc
= + 3eV ′ ......(iii)
λ3 λ0
From equation (1)&(2)
3 2 1
− =
2λ1 2λ2 λ0
hc
λ1
− hc
3
−[1
2λ1 2λ2 ] = eV ′
hc
e [ λ1 − 2λ3
3 1
+
1
2λ2 ] =V′
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question125
A parallel beam of electrons travelling in x-direction falls on a slit of
width d (see figure). If after passing the slit, an electron acquires
momentum py in the y-direction then for a majority of electrons passing
through the slit (h is Planck’s constant) :

[Online April 10, 2015]

Options:

A. |Py|d > h

B. |Py|d < h

C. |Py|d ≃ h

D. |Py|d > > h

Answer: A

Solution:

Solution:
From Bragg's equation
d sin θ = λ
λ
sin θ = <1∴λ<d
d
h
|py|
< d ∵λ =[ h
|py| ]
∴h< | py | d

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Question126
de-Broglie wavelength of an electron accelerated by a voltage of 50V is
close to ( |e| = 1.6 × 10−19C, me = 9.1 × 10−31kg h = 6.6 × 10−34J s ):
[Online April 10, 2015]
Options:

A. 2.4 Å

B. 0.5 Å

C. 1.7 Å

D. 1.2 Å

Answer: C

Solution:

Solution:
de-Broglie wavelength,
h h h
λ= = =
P mv √2mqV
6.6 × 10−34
or, λ =
√ 2 × 9.1 × 10−31 × 1.6 × 10−19 × 50
= 1.7Å

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question127
For which of the following particles will it be most difficult to
experimentally verify the de-Broglie relationship?
[Online April 9, 2015]
Options:

A. an electron

B. a proton

C. an α-particle

D. a dust particle

Answer: D

Solution:

Solution:
Among the given particles most difficult to experimentally verify the de-broglie relationship is for a dust particle.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question128
Match List - I (Fundamental Experiment) with List - II (its conclusion)
and select the correct option from the choices given below the list:

[2015]
Options:

A. (A)-(ii); (B)-(i); (C)-(iii)

B. (A)-(iv); (B)-(iii); (C)-(ii)

C. (A)-(i); (B)-(iv); (C)-(iii)

D. (A)-(ii); (B)-(iv); (C)-(iii)

Answer: A

Solution:

Solution:
Frank-Hertz experiment - Discrete energy levels of atom, Photoelectric effect - Particle nature of light.
Davison - Germer experiment - wave nature of electron.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question129
A beam of light has two wavelengths of 4972Å and 6216Å with a total
intensity of 3.6 × 10−3W m−2 equally distributed among the two
wavelengths. The beam falls normally on an area of 1cm2 of a clean
metallic surface of work function 2.3eV . Assume that there is no loss of
light by reflection and that each capable photon ejects one electron. The
number of photoelectrons liberated in 2 s is approximately:
[Online April 12,2014]
Options:
11
A. 6 × 10
11
B. 9 × 10
11
C. 11 × 10
11
D. 15 × 10

Answer: B

Solution:
Given, λ1 = 4972Å
and λ2 = 6216Å
and I = 3.6 × 10−3W m−2
Intensity associated with each wavelength
3.6 × 10−3
=
2
−3 −2
= 1.8 × 10 W m
work function ϕ = hv
hc
=
λ
(6.62 × 10−34)(3 × 108)
=
λ
12.4 × 103
= ev
λ
for different wavelengths
12.4 × 103 12.4 × 103
ϕ1 = = = 2.493eV = 3.984 × 10−19J
λ1 4972
12.4 × 103 12.4 × 103
ϕ2 = = = 1.994eV = 3.184 × 10−19 J
λ2 6216
Work function for metallic surface ϕ = 2.3eV (given)
ϕ2 < ϕ
Therefore, ϕ2 will not contribute in this process.
Now, no. of electrons per m2 − s = no. of photons per m2 − s
1.8 × 10−3
no. of electrons per m2 − s = × 10−4
3.984 × 10−19
(∵1cm2 = 10−4m2) = 0.45 × 1012
So, the number of photo electrons liberated in 2 sec.
= 0.45 × 1012 × 2
= 9 × 1011

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question130
A photon of wavelength λ is scattered from an electron, which was at
rest. The wavelength shift Δλ is three times of λ and the angle of
scattering θ is 60°. The angle at which the electron recoiled is ϕ. The
value of tan ϕ is : (electron speed is much smaller than the speed of
light)
[Online April 11,2014]
Options:

A. 0.16

B. 0.22

C. 0.25

D. 0.28

Answer: B

Solution:

Solution:

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Question131
Electrons are accelerated through a potential difference V and protons
are accelerated through a potential difference 4V . The de-Broglie
wavelengths are λe and λp for electrons and protons respectively. The
λe
ratio of λn
is given by : (given me is mass of electron and mp is mass of
proton).
[Online April 23, 2013]
Options:

A.
λe
λp
=
√ mp
me

λ
B. λe =
p √ me
mp

C.
λe
λp
=1
2 √ me
mp

D.
λe
λp
=2
√ mp
me

Answer: D

Solution:

Solution:
Energy in joule (E) = charge × potential diff. in volt
E electron = qeV and E proton = qp4V
h h
de-Broglie wavelength λ = =
P √2mE
λe = h and λP = h (∵qe = qP)
√2meeV √2mPe4V
h

√ √
λe √2meeV 2mPe4V mP
∴ = = =2
λP h 2meeV me
√2mpe4V

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question132
The anode voltage of a photocell is kept fixed. The wavelength λ of the
light falling on the cathode is gradually changed. The plate current I of
the photocell varies as follows :
[2013]
Options:

A.
B.

C.

D.

Answer: D

Solution:

Solution:
As λ is increased, there will be a value of λ above which photoelectrons will be cease to come out so photocurrent will
become zero. Hence (d ) is correct answer.

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Question133
In an experiment on photoelectric effect, a student plots stopping
potential V 0 against reciprocal of the wavelength λ of the incident light
for two different metals A and B These are shown in the figure.
Looking at the graphs, you can most appropriately say that:
[Online April 25, 2013]
Options:

A. Work function of metal B is greater than that of metal A

B. For light of certain wavelength falling on both metal, maximum kinetic energy of electrons
emitted from A will be greater than those emitted from B.

C. Work function of metal A is greater than that of metal B

D. Students data is not correct

Answer: D

Solution:

Solution:
hc
− ϕ = eV 0
λ
hc ϕ
v0 = −
eλ e
For metal A
ϕA 1
=
hc λ
For metal B
ϕB 1
=
hc λ
1
As the value of (increasing and decreasing) is not specified hence we cannot say that which metal has comparatively
λ
greater or lesser work function (ϕ).

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Question134
A copper ball of radius 1 cm and work function 4.47eV is irradiated with
ultraviolet radiation of wavelength 2500 Å. The effect of irradiation
results in the emission of electrons from the ball. Further the ball will
acquire charge and due to this there will be a finite value of the
potential on the ball. The charge acquired by the ball is :
[Online April 25, 2013]
Options:
−13
A. 5.5 × 10 C
 −13
B. 7.5 × 10 C
−12
C. 4.5 × 10 C
−11
D. 2.5 × 10 C

Answer: A

Solution:

Solution:

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Question135
This equation has statement 1 and statement 2. Of the four choices
given after the statements, choose the one that describes the two
statements.
Statement 1: Davisson-Germer experiment established the wave nature
of electrons.
Statement 2 : If electrons have wave nature, they can interfere and show
diffraction.
[2012]
Options:

A. Statement 1 is false, Statement 2 is true.

B. Statement 1 is true, Statement 2 is false

C. Statement 1 is true, Statement 2 is true, Statement 2 is the correct explanation of statement

1

D. Statement 1 is true, Statement 2 is true, Statement 2 is not the correct explanation of

Statement 1

Answer: A

Solution:

Solution:
Davisson Germer experiment showed that electron beams can undergo diffraction when passed through atomic crystal.
This established wave nature of electron as waves can exhibit interference and diffraction.

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Question136
Photoelectrons are ejected from a metal when light of frequency υ falls
on it. Pick out the wrong statement from the following.
[Online May 26, 2012]
Options:
A. No electrons are emitted if υ is less than W/h, where W is the work function of the metal

B. The ejection of the photoelectrons is instantaneous.

C. The maximum energy of the photoelectrons is hυ.

D. The maximum energy of the photoelectrons isindependent of the intensity of the light.

Answer: C

Solution:

Solution:
According to photo-electric equation:
K . E max = hv − hv0 (Work function)
Some sort of energy is used in ejecting the photoelectrons.

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Question137
This question has Statement 1 and Statement 2. Of the four choices
given after the Statements, choose the one that best describes the two
Statements.
Statement 1: A metallic surface is irradiated by a monochromatic light
of frequency υ > υ0 (the threshold frequency). If the incident frequency
is now doubled, the photocurrent and the maximum kinetic energy are
also doubled.
Statement 2: The maximum kinetic energy of photoelectrons emitted
from a surface is linearly dependent on the frequency of the incident
light. The photocurrent depends only on the intensity of the incident
light.
[Online May 19, 2012]
Options:

A. Statement 1 is true, Statement 2 is true, Statement 2 is the correct explanation of Statement

1.

B. Statement 1 is false, Statement 2 is true.

C. Statement 1 is true, Statement 2 is false.

D. Statement 1 is true, Statement 2 is true, Statement 2 is not the correct explanation of

Statement 1.

Answer: B

Solution:

Solution:
The maximum kinetic energy of photoelectrons depends upon frequency on incident light and photo current depends
upon intensity of incident light.

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Question138
This question has Statement -1 and Statement −2. Of the four choices
given after the statements, choose the one that best describes the two
statements.
Statement -1 : A metallic surface is irradiated by a monochromatic light
of frequency v > v0 (the threshold frequency). The maximum kinetic
energy and the stopping potential are K max and V 0 respectively. If the
frequency incident on the surface is doubled, both the K max and V 0 are
also doubled.
Statement -2 : The maximum kinetic energy and the stopping potential
of photoelectrons emitted from a surface are linearly dependent on the
frequency of incident light.
[2011]
Options:

A. Statement–1 is true, Statement–2 is true, Statement – 2 is the correct explanation of

Statement – 1.

B. Statement–1 is true, Statement–2 is true, Statement – 2 is not the correct explanation of

Statement – 1.

C. Statement – 1 is false, Statement – 2 is true.

D. Statement – 1 is true, Statement – 2 is false

Answer: C

Solution:

Solution:
By Einstein photoelectric equation,
K max = eV 0 = hv − hv0
When v is doubled, K max and V 0 become more than double.

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Question139
Statement -1 : When ultraviolet light is incident on a photocell, its
stopping potential is V 0 and the maximum kinetic energy of the
photoelectrons is K max. When the ultraviolet light is replaced by X -
rays, both V 0 and K m increase.
Statement -2 : Photoelectrons are emitted with speeds ranging from
zero to a maximum value because of the range of frequencies present in
the incident light.
[2010]
Options:

A. Statement -1 is true, Statement -2 is true ; Statement -2 is the correct explanation of

Statement -1
B. Statement -1 is true, Statement -2 is true; Statement -2 is not the correct explanation of
Statement -1

C. Statement -1 is false, Statement -2 is true.

D. Statement -1 is true, Statement -2 is false.

Answer: D

Solution:

Solution:
We know that
eV 0 = K max = hv − ϕ
where, ϕ is the work function.
X-rays have higher frequency (v) than ultraviolet rays. Therefore as v increases K . E and V 0 both increases.
The kinetic energy ranges from zero to maximum because of loss of energy due to subsequent collisions before getting
ejected.

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Question140
The surface of a metal is illuminted with the light of 400 nm. The
kinetic energy of the ejected photoelectrons was found to be 1.68 eV.
The work function of the metal is :
(hc = 1240 eV.nm)
[2009]
Options:

A. 1.41 eV

B. 1.51 eV

C. 1.68 eV

D. 3.09 eV

Answer: A

Solution:

Solution:
Wavelength of incident light, λ = 400nmhc = 1240 eV.nm
K . E = 1.68eV
Using Einstein's photoelectric equation
hc
−W =K .E
λ
hc
⇒W = −K .E
λ
1240
⇒W = − 1.68
400
= 3.1 − 1.68
= 1.41eV

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Question141
Electrons accelerated by potential V are diffracted from a crystal. If
d = 1Å and i = 30°, V should be about
( h = 6.6 × 10−34J s, me = 9.1 × 10−31kg, e = 1.6 × 10−19C )
[2008]
Options:

A. 2000 V

B. 50 V

C. 500 V

D. 1000 V

Answer: B

Solution:

Solution:
The path difference between the rays APB and CQD is
Δx = M Q + QN = d cos i + d cos i
Δx = 2d cos i

For constructive interference the path difference is integral multiple of wavelength

∴nλ = 2d cos i
From de-broglie concept
Wavelength,
h h h
λ= = =
p √2mK . E √2meV
nh
∴ = 2d cos i
√2meV
Squaring both side
2 2
n h
= 4d 2cos2i
2meV
For first order interference n = 1
h2
∴V =
8med 2cos2i
(6.6 × 10−34)2
= −31
8 × 9.1 × 10 × 1.6 × 10−19 × (10−10)2 × cos230
= 50V

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Question142
If a strong diffraction peak is observed when electrons are incident at
an angle i ' from the normal to the crystal planes with distance ' d '
between them (see figure), de Broglie wavelength λd B of electrons can
be calculated by the relationship (n is an integer)
[2008]
Options:

A. d sin i = nλd B

B. 2d cos i = nλd B

C. 2d sin i = nλd B

D. d cos i = nλd B

Answer: B

Solution:

Solution:
For constructive interference,
2d cos i = nλd B

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Question143
Photon of frequency v has a momentum associated with it. If c is the
velocity of light, the momentum is
[2007]
Options:

A. hv ∕ c

B. v ∕ c

C. hvc

D. hv ∕ c2

Answer: A

Solution:

Solution:
Energy of a photon of frequency v is given by E = hv
Also, E = mc2, mc2 = hv
hv hv
⇒mc = ⇒p=
c c

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Question144
The threshold frequency for a metallic surface corresponds to an energy
of 6.2 eV and the stopping potential for a radiation incident on this
surface is 5 V. The incident radiation lies in
[2006]
Options:

A. ultra-violet region

B. infra-red region

C. visible region

D. X-ray region

Answer: A

Solution:
−19
Work function, ϕ = 6.2eV = 6.2 × 1.6 × 10 J
Stopping potential, V = 5 volt
From the Einstein's photoelectric equation
hc
− ϕ = eV 0
λ
hc
⇒λ =
ϕ + eV 0
−34 8
6.6 × 10 × 3 × 10 −7
= −19
≈10 m
1.6 × 10 (6.2 + 5)
This range lies in ultra violet range.

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Question145
The time taken by a photoelectron to come out after the photon strikes
is approximately
[2006]
Options:
−4
A. 10 s
−10
B. 10 s
−16
C. 10 s
−1
D. 10 s

Answer: B

Solution:

Solution:
The photoelectric emission is an instantaneous process without any apparent time lag. It is known that emission starts in
the time of the order of 10−9 second. So, the approximate time taken by a photoelectron to come out after the photon
strikes is 10−10 second.

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Question146
The anode voltage of a photocell is kept fixed. The wavelength λ of the
light falling on the cathode is gradually changed. The plate current I of
the photocell varies as follows
[2006]
Options:

A.

B.

C.

D.

Answer: B

Solution:
As λ decreases, y increases and hence the speed of photoelectron increases. The chances of photo electron to meet the
anode increases and hence photo electric current increases.
Question147
If the kinetic energy of a free electron doubles, it's de-Broglie
wavelength changes by the factor
[2005]
Options:

A. 2
1
B. 2

C. √2

D. 1
√2

Answer: D

Solution:
de-Broglie wavelength,
h h
λ= =
p mv
1
but K . E = mv2
2
(mv)2
⇒K . E =
2m
⇒mv = √2mK . E
h
λ=
√2mK . E
1
∴λ ∝
√K . E
λ
So, if K . E . is doubled, wavelength becomes
√2

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Question148
A photocell is illuminated by a small bright source placed 1m away.
When the same source of light is placed 12 m away, the number of
electrons emitted by photocathode would
[2005]
Options:

A. increase by a factor of 4

B. decrease by a factor of 4

C. increase by a factor of 2

D. decrease by a factor of 2
Answer: A

Solution:

Solution:
I I
I ∝ 2; 1 =
r I 2
r2 2
r1
( )
=
1
4
I 2 → 4 ×I 1
When intensity becomes 4 times, no. of photoelectrons emitted would increase by 4 times, since number of electrons
emitted per second is directly proportional to intensity.

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Question149
A radiation of energy E falls normally on a perfectly reflecting surface.
The momentum transferred to the surface is
[2004]
Options:

A. Ec

B. 2E ∕ c

C. E ∕ c
2
D. E ∕ c

Answer: B

Solution:

Solution:
E
Momentum of photon of energy E is =
c
When a photon hits a perfectly reflecting surface, it reflects black in opposite direction with same energy and
momentum.
∴ Change in momentum =
E
C
−
−E
C
=
2E
C ( )
This is equal to momentum transferred to the surface.

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Question150
According to Einstein’s photoelectric equation, the plot of the kinetic
energy of the emitted photo electrons from a metal Versus the
frequency, of the incident radiation gives a straight line whose slope
[2004]
Options:

A. depends both on the intensity of the radiation and the metal used

B. depends on the intensity of the radiation

C. depends on the nature of the metal used

D. is the same for the all metals and independent of the intensity of the radiation

Answer: D

Solution:

Solution:
From the Einstein photoelectric equation K . E . = hv − ϕ
Here, ϕ = work function of metal
h = Plank's constant
slope of graph of K . E . & v is h (Plank's constant) which is same for all metals.

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Question151
The work function of a substance is 4.0 eV. The longest wavelength of
light that can cause photoelectron emission from this substance is
approximately
[2004]
Options:

A. 310 nm

B. 400 nm

C. 540 nm

D. 220 nm

Answer: A

Solution:

Solution:
Work function of metal (ϕ) is given by
hc
ϕ=
λ
hc
⇒λ =
ϕ
6.63 × 10−34 × 3 × 108
⇒λ = = 310nm
4 × 1.6 × 10−19

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Question152
Two identical photocathodes receive light of frequencies f 1 and f 2. If
the velocites of the photo electrons (of mass m ) coming out are
respectively v1 and v2 , then
[2003]
Options:
 2 2 2h
A. v1 − v2 = m (f 1 − f 2)

[ ]
1∕2
2h
B. v1 + v2 = (f + f 2)
m 1

2 2 2h
C. v1 + v2 = m (f 1 + f 2)

[ ]
1∕2
2h
D. v1 − v2 = (f − f 2)
m 1

Answer: A

Solution:

Solution:
Let work function be W and v1 and v2 be the velocity of electrons for frequencies f 1 and f 2 .
Using Einstein's photo electric equation for one photodiode, we get
1
hf 1 − W = mv12 ......(i)
2
Using Einstein's photo electric equation for another photodiode we get
1
hf 2 − W = mv22 ......(ii)
2
Subtracting (ii) from (i) we get
1 1
(hf 1 − W ) − (hf 2 − W ) = mv12 − mv22
2 2
m 2 2
∴h(f 1 − f 2) = (v1 − v2 )
2
2 2 2h
∴v1 − v2 = (f − f 2)
m 1

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Question153
Formation of covalent bonds in compounds exhibits
[2002]
Options:

A. wave nature of electron

B. particle nature of electron

C. both wave and particle nature of electron

D. none of these

Answer: A

Solution:

Solution:
Covalent bonds are formed by sharing of electrons with different compounds. Formation of covalent bond is best
explained by molecular orbital theory.

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Question154
Sodium and copper have work functions 2.3 eV and 4.5 eV respectively.
Then the ratio of the wavelengths is nearest to
[2002]
Options:

A. 1 : 2

B. 4 : 1

C. 2 : 1

D. 1 : 4

Answer: C

Solution:

We know that work function,

hC
E = hv =
λ
where
h = Planck's constant
C = velocity of light
λ = wavelength of light
E Na λCu
∴ =
E Cu λN a
λ E 4.5 2
⇒ N a = Cu = ≈
λCu E Na 2.3 1

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