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PRETEST:_________
ALTERNATIVE LEARNING SYSTEM
LA UNION DIVISION
LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET POST-TEST:_______

WORK SHEET LEARNING STRAND 3

MATHEMATICAL AND PROBLEM SOLVING SKILLS
Module: VARIATIONS
Lesson 1: DIRECT VARIATION LC Code:(LS3MP-PA-PSE-JHS-65)

Name of Learner: ____________________________________________ ____ Date: _________________

CLC: ___________________________________________________________ Level: ________________

What Will You Learn from This Module?

After going through this module, you are expected to:
1. define variation and its types;
2. write the statement of variation;
3. find the constant of variation and formulate the equation of variation;
PRE-TEST:
Directions: Read each statement carefully and write the correct letter on your answer sheet.

______1. A variation wherein an increase in one variable causes an increase of the other
variable.

A. Direct Variation B. Inverse Variation C. Joint Variation D. Combined Variation

______2. Which of the following equations is an example of Inverse Variation?

A. 𝑑= 𝑐2 B. 𝑚=5𝑠 C. 𝑎=10𝑏 D. 𝑘𝑟5= 𝑙

______3. The cost per person of eating in a buffet restaurant (𝑐) varies inversely as the number
of persons eating (𝑛). If 𝑘 is the constant of proportionality, find the equation of variation?

A. 𝑐=𝑘𝑛 B. 𝑘= 𝑛𝑐 C. 𝑐= 𝑘𝑛 D. 𝑛= 𝑐𝑘

______4. What happens to 𝑎 when 𝑏 is doubled in the equation 𝑎=𝑘𝑏?

A. 𝑎 is squared. B. 𝑎 is halved. C. 𝑎 is quadrupled. D. 𝑎 is doubled.

______5. Which of the following table of values illustrates a Direct Variation?

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LS3 Mathematical and Problem-Solving Skills: DIRECT VARIATION
______6. If 5 men of equal strength can carry 250 bags of cement per day, how many bags
of cement can 10 men of equal strength carry in a day?

A. 350 bags B. 400 bags C. 500 bags D. 550 bags

______7. The fare (𝑓) is directly proportional to the number of passengers (𝑝) riding a UV
Express. If 𝑓=100 when 𝑝=5, find the equation of variation?

A. 𝑓=10𝑝 B. 𝑝=20𝑓 C. 𝑓=20𝑝 D. 𝑝=10𝑓

______8. The variable 𝑠 varies directly as 𝑡 and inversely as 𝑤. If 𝑠=30 when 𝑡=10, and 𝑤=1.
What equation best represents this variation?

A. 𝑠=3𝑡𝑤 B. 𝑠= 3𝑤𝑡 C. 𝑠𝑡=3 D. 𝑠= 𝑡3𝑤

______9. Which of the following statements is correct if 𝑔 varies inversely as 𝑚?

A. The equation of variation is 𝑚=𝑘𝑔.

B. The constant of variation is equal to 𝑔𝑚.
C. The given statement is an example of joint variation.
D. The value of 𝑚 increases as the value of 𝑔 increases.

______10. Find the value of the constant of variation (𝑘) if 𝑐 varies directly as 𝑑 and inversely
as 𝑒 and 𝑐 = 200 when 𝑑=4 and 𝑒=2.

A. 200 B. 100 C. 50 D. 25

______11. If 𝑦 varies jointly as 𝑥 and 𝑤, and 𝑦=48 when 𝑥=6 and 𝑤=2, find 𝑦 when 𝑥=1 and
𝑤=5.
A.5 B.10 C.15 D. 20

______12. A carpenter’s income varies directly as the number of days he works. If he earns
P4,200.00 in 6 days, how many days did he work if he earned P14,000.00.
A. 10 B. 15 C. 20 D. 25

______13. Which of the following situations shows Inverse Variation?

A. The cost of fish and its weight in kilograms
B. The distance traveled by a car and its speed
C. The speed of a car and the number of hours travel
D. The electrical bill and the number of kilowatt-hour consumption

______14. The amount of paint (𝑝) needed to paint the walls of the room varies directly as the
area 𝐴 of the wall. If 2 gallons of paint is needed to paint a 30-square meter wall, how many
gallons of paint is needed to paint a 75-square meter wall?
A. 3 B. 4 C. 5 D. 6

______15. If 𝑠 is directly proportional to 𝑡 and inversely proportional to 𝑣, and 𝑠=56 when 𝑡=14
and 𝑣=2, find 𝑠 when 𝑡=3 and 𝑣=4.

A. 6 B. 14 C. 28 D. 56

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LS3 Mathematical and Problem-Solving Skills: DIRECT VARIATION
Let’s Study and Analyze
Variation is a function that relates one variable to another variable. There are four main
types of variation. In this lesson, however, we will be focusing on Direct Variation.

The knowledge and skills that you will gain in this lesson will help you solve real-life problems
involving Direct Variation.

Activity 1: Let’s Go Planting!

Mang Cardo, a rice farmer, can plant 200 rice seedlings in
a day.

Based on the above situation, answer the following

questions:

1. If he will work for 10 days, how many rice seedlings can

he plant? ______________

2. Will the number of rice seedlings planted increase if the farmer spends more days
planting? ____________________________

3. If he had planted 4,000 rice seedlings, how many days did the farmer work?___________

Direct Variation
In a Direct Variation, what happens to the values of one variable also happens to the
values of the other variable. In other words, as one variable increases, the other variable also
increases; as one variable decreases, the other variable also decreases.

If 𝑦 is the dependent variable and 𝑥 is the independent variable, the following statements
are usually used to illustrate Direct Variation:

“𝑦 varies directly as 𝑥”
“𝑦 is proportional to 𝑥” and
“𝑦 is directly proportional to 𝑥”

The above statements may be written mathematically as 𝑦=𝑘𝑥, where 𝑘 is the Constant of
Variation. The constant of variation can be solved using the formula: 𝑘= 𝑦𝑥

Whenever a situation produces pairs of numbers in which the ratio is constant, then there is
Direct Variation.

Illustrative Example:
The table below shows the salary (𝑠) earned by a tutor and the number of hours (ℎ) tutoring:

Hours (h) 2 5 8 10
Salary (s) in P 1000 2500 4000 5000

Since the number the salary of a tutor is directly proportional to the number of hours
tutoring, we can express the situation in mathematical equation as 𝑠=𝑘ℎ.

Using the ordered pair (2,1000), substitute it to the equation and solve for the value of 𝑘:

1000=𝑘(2)
2𝑘=1000
2𝑘=1000
2 2
𝑘=500
If 𝑘=500, then we can write the equation of variation as 𝑠=500ℎ.

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LS3 Mathematical and Problem-Solving Skills: DIRECT VARIATION
Using the equation of variation, we can now get the amount of salary of a tutor for a given
number of hours or vice versa.

Suppose you are asked to find the amount of salary of a tutor if he/she teaches for 10 hours:

If ℎ=10 then, 𝑠=500 (10)

𝑠=5000
Therefore, the tutor will earn P5,000.00 in 10 hours.

Direct Variation may also be presented in a graph. The graph of direct variation is a line that
rises from left to right.

POST-TEST:
Directions: Answer the following questions by writing the letter of your answer on the space
provided before each items. Choices are given below. Show your solutions in a separate sheet of
paper.

______1. Carlo uses 20 L of gasoline to travel 160 km, how far did he travel if he used 5 L of
gasoline?

______2. The service fee of a cooperative salary loan is P50.00 per loan transaction, how much will
the cooperative earn if there are a total of 100 transactions?

______3. Linda celebrated her birthday in a fast-food restaurant where she bought a group meal
amounting to P115.00 per order. If 20 of her friends came, how much would she pay for their
meals?

______4. An artist can draw 10 illustrations in 2 days. How many illustrations can he make if he
works for 18 days?

______5. A runner can run 5 km per hour, how many km did he run in 3.5 hours?

Reference:
ALS Accreditation and Equivalency Program: Junior High School
Learning Strand 3: Mathematical and Problem Solving Skills
Module : Variations
Lesson 1: Direct Variation
Pages: 2-8
___________ ________________ ______________
ALS Learner Signature ALS Teacher Parents/Guardian Signature
Prepared by: MON IRVIN R. FONTANILLA, ALS Teacher, Agoo West District

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LS3 Mathematical and Problem-Solving Skills: DIRECT VARIATION