DIPLOMA IN BUILDING SERVICES ENGINEERING

DCB40132: BUILDING SERVICES PRACTICAL 3

Name NURUL HAYATI BINTI ARIS FADZALLAH

Registration No. 08DPB22F1003 Class DPB4B
Group Members 1. MUHAMMAD UZAIR BIN MOHAMMAD HUSNI (08DPB22F1067)
2. PRATHEV KUMAR A/L KUMARAN (08DPB22F1006)
3. MUHAMMAD AZHAR BIN SUFFIAN (08DPB22F1010)
Session II: 2024/2025 Location BENGKEL PB
Lecturer PUAN NOOR AZILA BINTI JAMARI

PRACTICAL REPORT AIR

CONDITIONING SYSTEM
EXPERIMENT 3/4
TITLE: ROOM HEAD LOAD EXPERIMENT

NO ITEM SCORE PRACTICAL DETAILS

/5 Date:
1 Practical Procedures
/5 Time:
2 Data / Results
/5 Submission Date:
3 Conclusions
TOTAL /15

Comments / Reviews:
1.0 INTRODUCTION

The heating and cooling load calculation is the first step of the iterative HVAC design
procedure a full HVAC design involves more than the just the load estimate calculation. Right-
sizing the HVAC system, selecting HVAC equipment and designing the air distribution system
to meet the accurate predicted heating and cooling loads, begins with an accurate
understanding of the heating and cooling loads on a space.
Provides the detailed steps required to calculate the heating and cooling loads. The accurate
heating and cooling loads are used to right-size the equipment. Then to design the air
distribution system and ductwork with a cooling load measurement for space selected. The
total building cooling load consists of heat transferred through the building envelope (walls,
roof, floor, windows, doors etc.) and heat generated by occupants, equipment, and lights. The
load due to heat transfer through the envelope is called as external load, while all other loads
are called as internal loads. The percentage of external versus internal load varies with building
type, site climate, and building design. The total cooling load on any building consists of both
sensible as well as latent load components. The sensible load affects the dry bulb temperature,
while the latent load affects the moisture content of the conditioned space.

2.0 OBJECTIVE

At the end of the lab student should be able to:

a. measure the size of the room to be installed to the domestic air conditioning unit
b. calculate the cooing load of the room to which the domestic air conditioning unit is
to be installed.

3.0 EQUIPMENT

a. Measuring tape/ laser meter distance

b. Thermometer
c. Ladder

4.0 PREPARATION

a. Ensure have floor plan for reference.

b. U Factor Table
 c. Human Heat Table

PROCEDURE

a. Measure the size of the room

b. Calculate the heat load of room building materials
c. Calculate the room heat load
d. Calculate the human heat load.

Calculate the heat load of lamps and electrical equipment

e. RESULT

1. Complete the Table 1 below:

Source U factor Area (m2) Temperature

(W/m2K) difference (K) Total Heat Transfer

(Area x U factor x
Temperature difference)
L X W = 2.8 X 7.95 = 36.8 – 34.2
Wall 1 3.18 = 22.26 m² = 2.6 °C 11.86 m² X 3.18W/m²K X
(South) =22.26 m² - 10.4 m² 2.6 °C + 275.75K = 10399.86W
(Have =11.86 m² 273.15 =
windows) 275.75k
 Wall 2 L X W = 2.79 x 6.83
(West) 3.18 = 19.06 m² 275.75K 17.35 m²X 3.18W /m²K X
= 19.06 m² - 1.71 m² 275.75K = 15213.95W
(Have door)
= 17.35 m²
Wall 3 3.18 L X W = 2.8 X 7.95 275.75K 22.26 m²X 3.18W/m²K X
(North) = 22.26 m² 275.75K = 19519.46W

Wall 4 L X W = 2.79 x 6.83 19.06 m²X 3.18W/m²K X

(East) 3.18 = 19.06 m² 275.75K 275.75K = 16713.43W

L X W = 6.76 x 7.95 53.74 m²X 3.1W/m²K X

Ceiling 3.1 = 53.74 m² 275.75K 275.75K = 45938.30W

Floor 3.5 L X W = 6.76 x 7.95 275.75K 53.74 m²X 3.5W/m²K X

= 53.74 m² 275.75K = 51865.82W
L X W = 2.03 X 0.84 1.71m² X 3.0W/m²K X 275.75K
Door 3.0 = 1.71 m² 275.75K = 1414.60W
Window 1 L X W = 1.76 x 0.59 10.4m² X 6.0W/m²K X 275.75K
( South) 6.0 = 1.04 m² 275.75K = 17206.8W
= 1.04 m² x 10
windows = 10.4 m²

= 178272.22 W
TOTAL

NOTE: Attach all the example related documents, check list, diagram or plan to support the task.

2. Calculate the human heat load (Use Formula)

Nos x human heat x CLF

= 33 x 132 x 1
=4356

3. Calculate the heat load of lamps and electrical equipment (Use formula)
Lamps W = LPD X AREA
= 36 (2) x 8 = 576 x 53.74
=576 = 30954.24 W

Q light = w x ballast factor x CLF

= 30954.24 x 1.2 x 1
= 37145.09W
 Q equipment = w x CLF
= 30954.24 X 1
= 30954.24W

DISCUSSION

In this discussion, the total for external load is 178272.22 W and the total for internal load is 41501.09 W. The
total for external load and internal load is 219773.31 W to kW equal to 5.519 kW. So, the Btu/hr is 18830.828
Btu/hr. Refer to the Daikin product catalogue, air conditioner that suits the room is the model indoor unit
FCC60AV1MF with a cooling capacity of 24000 Btu/hr
and 7.03Kw.

CONCLUSION

In conclusion, this discussion revolved around the computation of the total load, considering both external and
internal factors within the context of air conditioning. The external load was established at 178272.22 watts,
while the internal load was determined to be 41501.09 watts, resulting in a combined load of 219773.31 watts.
When converting this load to kilowatts (kW), it amounted to a total of 5.519 kW or 18830.828 Btu/hr. To assist
in selecting a suitable air conditioner from Daikin product catalogue, it is recommended to consider the
FCC60AV1MF indoor unit, with a cooling capacity of 7.03 kW. This model aligns well with the load requirements
discussed. This information can be a valuable resource when choosing an air conditioning system for the
specified room, ensuring effective and efficient cooling solutions.

REFERENCE

• DAIKIN CATALOGUE ©DAIKIN INDUSTRIES, Ltd., 2024

https://www.daikin.com.my/?gad_source=1&gclid=CjwKCAjw7-
SvBhB6EiwAwYdCAZ6OfVizTGEFj5E5Nihndb7Gh_R4iTyhko0e6RPm5hD08t5UMntBcBoCTPMQAvD_BwE
APPENDIX

Table 1: U factor for built structures

Structures U factor (W/m2K)

Walls
brick walls (exposed) brick walls 2.84
(plastered on one side) concrete walls 2.61
bricks(veneer) bricks(veneer) + aluminium 3.18
foil polystyrene + asbestos 2.2
1.1 2.2
1.2

Floor
Wood 2.9
Concrete 3.5
Hollow tiles 2.27
Ceiling
Geledak metal+ insulation
0.52
Geledak metal+ foil + gypsum wall
0.95
Tiled roof + gypsum wall
3.4
Tile roof +glass replacement
0.69

Windows
Single glass 6.0
Double glass 3.2

Table 2: Human Heat

No Activity Watt

1 Seated at rest 114

2 Seated, very light work, writing 132

3 Work in office 139

4 Standing, light work or walking slowly 161

5 Work in factory 234

6 Moderate dancing 264

7 Heavy work, lifting 293

8 Athletics 440
5.0 REPORT

5.1 INTRODUCTION OF THE BUILDING

The concept of room heat load is crucial for designing and enhancing HVAC systems because it ensures that
systems for various interior environments run efficiently while maintaining comfortable temperatures. A
"Room Heat Load Experiment" is a practical test that tries to assess and quantify the heat transport processes
within a constrained space in the fields of thermal engineering and HVAC design.

In this experimental study, both internal and external heat sources are carefully measured and analysis,
accounting for factors such as solar radiation, occupant density, electrical equipment, and lighting. By
thoroughly understanding these intricate relationships, engineers and designers may select the best HVAC
equipment and estimate the appropriate cooling or heating capacity needed to meet specific comfort and
energy efficiency goals.

In this study, we look at the fundamental concepts and methods used in a room heat load experiment. We'll
look at how exact load estimates, the use of cutting-edge measurement methods, and the use of experimental
data can improve the design and performance of HVAC systems in real-world settings. Through this inquiry,
we seek to offer some light on the significance of such investigations in the broader context of ecologically
friendly building design and interior climate control.

5.2 PRACTICAL PROCEDURE

Equipment
Experiment procedure:

1. Measure the size of room

South

West

North
2. Measure the size of the windows.

3. Measure the size of the door.

4. Measure the size of floor.

 5. Take the temperature inside and outside

5.3 DISCUSSION / RESULTS

Relate Consistently The Data/Result To The Standard Procedure (Law & Regulation-UBBL/MS/BS)

• We determined that the total cooling load for the area was 219773.31watts, or 5.519 kW, or
18830.828 Btu/hr. This cooling load is the amount of heat that must be evacuated by the air
conditioner to maintain a pleasant and controlled indoor environment.
• To select the ideal air conditioner for the room, we examined the Daikin product catalogue. We
selected the model indoor unit the FCC60AV1MF as a workable choice with one more indoor unit
based on our calculation of the cooling load, which came out to 5.519 kW. This air conditioner's
cooling capability is 4.3 kW.
• The Daikin model that was selected has a cooling capacity that is well within the projected cooling
demand, ensuring that it can successfully cool the space in a range of situations.
• To maximize energy efficiency and reduce running costs, the unit's cooling capacity, which is
adjustable
and varies, enables efficient operation both during peak cooling demand and periods of reduced load.

5.4 CONCLUSIONS

Conclude the data result.

After extensive calculations and evaluations, we determined that, when both internal and external heat
sources are considered, the room's overall cooling requirement is 5.519 kW, or 18830.828 Btu/hr.
To assist in selecting a suitable air conditioner from Daikin product catalogue, it is recommended to consider
the FCC60AV1MF indoor unit, with a cooling capacity of 7.03 kW. This model aligns well with the load
requirements discussed. This information can be a valuable resource when choosing an air conditioning
system for the specified room, ensuring effective and efficient cooling solutions.
Our research highlights the importance of accurately estimating cooling demand and selecting the right-
sized air conditioner. This plan not only guarantees the effectiveness of the system but also promotes energy
efficiency and financial feasibility. By making sensible decisions when building air conditioning systems, we
can create cost, energy-efficient, and environmentally friendly indoor space.
5.5 REFERENCE / STANDARD REFERED/UBBL 1984-CLAUSES/MALAYSIAN STANDARD,
SIRIM/NATIONAL FIRE PROTECTION ASSOSIATION (NFPA)

1. Book
• UBBL 1984 Clause 85 - Ventilation and Air Conditioning
• MS ISO 7730:2005 - Ergonomics of the Thermal Environment - Analytical Determination and
Interpretation of Thermal Comfort Using Calculation of the PMV and PPD Indices and Local Thermal
Comfort Criteria

APPENDIX: DESIGN REQUIREMENTS / STANDARDS/ SKETCH