Name _______________________________________________ Per ___________

Chapter 5: Cell Growth and Division Review Sheet

Test Format: What to Study:

 33 M/C  Ch 5 Notepacket
Question 10 Short Answer  Study Guide Ch 5
Answer
45 Points Total (48 possible)  This Review Sheet
 Cell Cycle Pie Chart
The Cell Cycle (5.1)
1. What are the four main stages of the Cell Cycle? Gap 1 (G1), Synthesis (S), Gap 2
(G2), Mitotic Phase (M or Cell
Division)
2. What happens in Gap 1? Cell Growth, organelles increase
in number & cell carries out
normal functions
3. What happens in the Synthesis phase? Chromosomes (made of DNA)
get copied
4. What happens in Gap 2? Cell continues normal functions,
gets larger & prepares for
division
5. What are the two parts of the Mitotic Phase (Cell Mitosis = nuclear division
Division) and what happens in each? Cytokinesis = cytoplasmic
division
6. G1 + S + G2 together are what longest phase of the Interphase
cell cycle?

7. A parent cell that completes the cell cycle produces 2

how many daughter cells?
8. A parent cell that begins the cell cycle with 24 24
chromosomes creates 2 daughter cells with how
many chromosomes in each cell?
9. Explain how a parent cell can divide to create two Before division, chromosomes
new cells with the same number of chromosomes as are duplicated so that each
the parent cell started with.
daughter cell receives a
complete identical set
10. Are the cells in #8 identical or different from each Identical
other and the original parent cell that created them?
11. Which type of cells divide faster, prokaryotic or Prokaryotic b/c they do not have
eukaryotic? Why? as much DNA and they do not
have organelles that need to be
made
12. Why do cells lining the stomach need to divide more They are subjected to a lot of
often than blood cells or liver cells? wear and tear (stomach acids) so
need to be replaced more often
13. As a cell grows, what happens to the ratio of its SA:Volume ratio decreases (cell
surface area to its volume?
 membrane does not grow as fast
as cytoplasm)
14. As a cell grows, what does it have a more difficult time A larger cell has a more difficult
doing? time obtaining nutrients and
removing wastes.
15. Instead of continuing to grow, what happens to a cell It divides, creating two smaller
when it has maxed out its surface area to volume cells.
ratio?
Mitosis & Cytokinesis (5.2)
16. Double stranded molecule made of nucleotides, DNA
found in the nucleus of cells
17. A tightly packed, long continuous thread of DNA Chromosome
consisting of many genes
18. Combination of DNA + histone proteins, loosely Chromatin
packed, (thin spaghetti-looking material)
19. When during the cell cycle can you actually see During cell division (the Mitotic
chromosomes? phase)
20. How many chromosomes are in a human skin cell? 46
21. Label the diagram to the right with the following
terms: telomere

 Sister chromatids
 Telomere
 Centromere

centromere

Sister
chromatids

22. Where the spindle grows from – will move to Centrioles (the fishermen)
opposite sides of the cell during mitosis
23. Microtubules that attach to and move and separate Spindle Fibers (fishing lines)
chromatids (chromosomes) during mitosis
24. List the four stages of mitosis in order Prophase, Metaphase,
Anaphase, Telophase
25. How is cytokinesis different in plant cells than in Plant cells create a cell plate
animal cells between the new nuclei – animal
cells simply pinch in two
26. In what stage of mitosis are the sister chromatids Anaphase
pulled apart to opposite sides of the cell?

27. In what stage of mitosis are the sister chromatids metaphase

 lined up in the middle of the cell?

28. In what stage of mitosis do the sister chromatids prophase

condense and the nuclear membrane breaks down?

29. In what stage of mitosis do the sister chromatids telophase

uncoil and the nuclear membrane start to re-form?

30. In the diagram below, identify each stage of the cell 1 = anaphase
cycle: Note – they are not in order! 2 = metaphase
3 = prophase
4 = telophase

31. Using the diagram in #30, list sequence of the cells in 3 2  1  4

order
Regulation of the Cell Cycle (5.3)
32. If a cell does not get a go-ahead signal at the G1 G0 = no growth (cell will not
Checkpoint, what stage does it enter? What does this divide)
mean?
33. If a cell does not get a go-ahead signal at the M A multinucleated cell
checkpoint, what happens?
34. Proteins that bind to cells and stimulate cell division Growth factors
35. When normal cells come into contact with other cells, They stop dividing
what happens?
36. Programmed cell death (self-destruction of cells) that apoptosis
plays an important role in development
37. When a cell loses control over its cycle of growth and Cancer
division & continues to divide
38. Mass of disorganized cells created from repeated cell tumor
divisions
39. Type of #38 that remain clumped together and may Benign tumor
be cured by removal

40. Type of #38 that invade other tissues and are harder Malignant tumors
to remove
41. #40 Can do this, where they break free and cause Metastasize
tumors in other parts of the body
42. Substances that are known to cause cancers are Carcinogens
called? Give examples Ex/UV radiation from sun, X
Rays, tobacco smoke, some
viruses
Asexual Reproduction (5.4)
43. How many parents are needed in asexual reproduction? one
44. Are offspring identical or different in asexual identical
reproduction?
45. How many parents needed for sexual reproduction? two
46. Are offspring identical or different in sexual different
reproduction?
47. What is the shape of a bacterial chromosome? circular
48. What is the name for asexual reproduction of bacteria? Binary fission
49. Which type of reproduction is better (asexual or sexual) Sexual b/c populations would
in terms of being able to adapt to new environments have genetic variety
Multicellular Life (5.5)
50. List the levels of organization in your body from smallest Cells  tissues  organs 
 largest organ systems  organism
51. Process by which unspecialized cells develop into their differentiation
mature forms and functions
51. Cells in an embryo differentiate based on this Their location in the embryo as it
develops

52. An undifferentiated cell that can develop into a variety of Stem cells
specialized cell types
53. These stem cells can become almost any cell in the Embryonic stem cells
human body (are pluripotent)
54. These stem cells can become only a few, closely related Adult stem cells
cells (multipotent)

Label diagram below and then briefly describe the events of Stages A, B, C, & D:

A = __Gap 1 (G1)__________
Events during this stage: Cell grows, organelles are
made, cell functioning normally
B = __Synthesis (S)______________
Events during this stage: DNA is copied (which
replicates each chromosome)
C = __Gap 2 (G2)__________
Events during this stage: Cell grows, new organelles
are made, cell preps for division
D = Mitotic Phase (M) or Cell Division__
Events during this stage: Mitosis (nuclear division –
PMAT) and Cytokinesis (cytoplasmic division)