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Operating Systems Lab 1 Manual

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20 views

Operating Systems Lab 1 Manual

Uploaded by

Mazhar Ali
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Operating Systems Lab 1 Manual

Objectives:
Introduction to Operating Systems (OS):

- What is an OS?

- Role and importance in managing hardware and software resources.

- Types of OS (Windows, Linux, MacOS) with a focus on Linux-based systems (Ubuntu).

Why Ubuntu for OS Lab:

- Open-source, stable, widely used in academic and professional environments.

- Provides a robust platform for understanding OS concepts through a command-line interface


(CLI).

CLI Commands to Practice:

This lab will introduce you to basic commands used in the terminal. Follow the steps below and
practice each command to understand its function.

Command: `pwd` (Print Working Directory)

Description: Displays the current directory path.

pwd
Command: `ls` (List Directory Contents)

Description: Lists files and folders in the current directory.

ls
Task: Run this command to see all the files and folders in the current directory. Try `ls -l` for more
details.

Command: `cd` (Change Directory)

Description: Used to navigate between directories.

cd <directory-name>

Task 1: Navigate to an existing folder inside the current directory.

- Example: If there is a folder called `Documents`, type:

cd Desktop
Task 2: Use the `pwd` command again to check your new location.
Command: `cd ..` (Move to Parent Directory)

Description: Moves one directory level up (to the parent folder).

cd ..
Task: Navigate back to the previous directory (parent folder).

Copy Folder to Another Folder

Command: `cp`

Description: Copies files or directories to another location.

cp -r <source-folder> <destination-folder>
Task: Copy a folder from the current directory to another directory.

Example: Copy the folder `test` into a folder called `backup`:

cp -r test backup or
cp -r ~//Desktop/Folder1 ~//Desktop/Folder2
Move Folder to Another Folder

Command: `mv`

- **Description:** Moves files or folders from one location to another.

mv <source-folder> <destination-folder> or
mv ~//Desktop/Folder1 ~//Desktop/Folder2
Task: Move a folder from one location to another.

Example: Move the folder `test` to `backup`:

mv test test2

Command: `touch` (Create New Empty File)

Description: Creates an empty file in the current directory.

touch <file-name>
Task: Create a new empty file.

Example: Create a file named `example.txt`:

touch example.txt
Command: `nano` (Text Editor)

Description: Opens a text editor in the terminal.


nano <file-name>
Open a text file using the `nano` editor.

Example: Edit the file `example.txt`:

nano example.txt
Note: After editing, press `CTRL+X`, then `Y` to save changes, and `Enter` to confirm.

Lab Tasks:
1. Open a terminal and check your current directory using `pwd`.

2. List the contents of your directory using `ls`.

3. Navigate to another directory using `cd` and confirm using `pwd`.

4. Use `cd ..` to go back to the previous directory.

5. Create two folders (`test` and `backup`) in your current directory using `mkdir <folder-name>`.

6. Copy the `test` folder into the `backup` folder.

7. Move the `test` folder to the `backup` folder.

8. Create a new text file using `touch example.txt`.

9. Edit `example.txt` using `nano` and add some text to it.

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