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PostgreSQL Aggregate Functions

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18 views4 pages

PostgreSQL Aggregate Functions

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Eseoghene
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We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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PostgreSQL Aggregate Functions

PostgreSQL Aggregate Functions

PostgreSQL has a range of aggregate functions that can be highly useful for summarizing data.

Here's a list of some commonly used ones along with a few that may be less familiar:

1. Basic Aggregate Functions

- SUM() - Calculates the sum of values.

Example: SELECT SUM(salary) FROM employees;

- AVG() - Calculates the average value.

Example: SELECT AVG(salary) FROM employees;

- MIN() - Finds the minimum value.

Example: SELECT MIN(age) FROM employees;

- MAX() - Finds the maximum value.

Example: SELECT MAX(age) FROM employees;

- COUNT() - Counts the number of rows.

Example: SELECT COUNT(*) FROM employees;

- COUNT(DISTINCT column) - Counts distinct values in a column.

Example: SELECT COUNT(DISTINCT department) FROM employees;


2. Statistical Aggregate Functions

- VARIANCE() - Calculates the variance of a set of values.

Example: SELECT VARIANCE(salary) FROM employees;

- STDDEV() - Calculates the standard deviation of values.

Example: SELECT STDDEV(salary) FROM employees;

- MODE() - Returns the most frequent value (requires tablefunc extension).

Example: SELECT MODE() WITHIN GROUP (ORDER BY salary) FROM employees;

3. Advanced Aggregate Functions

- ARRAY_AGG() - Aggregates values as an array.

Example: SELECT ARRAY_AGG(department) FROM employees;

- STRING_AGG() - Concatenates strings with a delimiter.

Example: SELECT STRING_AGG(name, ', ') FROM employees;

- BOOL_AND() - Checks if all values are true.

Example: SELECT BOOL_AND(is_active) FROM employees;

- BOOL_OR() - Checks if any value is true.

Example: SELECT BOOL_OR(is_active) FROM employees;


- JSON_AGG() - Aggregates values into a JSON array.

Example: SELECT JSON_AGG(row_to_json(employees)) FROM employees;

- XMLAGG() - Concatenates XML data.

Example: SELECT XMLAGG(XMLELEMENT(name, name)) FROM employees;

4. Quantile Aggregate Functions (Percentile)

- PERCENTILE_CONT() - Computes a percentile value (continuous distribution).

Example: SELECT PERCENTILE_CONT(0.5) WITHIN GROUP (ORDER BY salary) FROM

employees;

- PERCENTILE_DISC() - Computes a percentile value (discrete distribution).

Example: SELECT PERCENTILE_DISC(0.5) WITHIN GROUP (ORDER BY salary) FROM

employees;

5. Hypothetical Set Functions

- RANK() - Returns the rank of each row within a partition.

- DENSE_RANK() - Like RANK() but without gaps in ranking.

- CUME_DIST() - Cumulative distribution of a value.

- PERCENT_RANK() - Relative rank of a row.

These functions add more flexibility and allow for nuanced data summaries in PostgreSQL queries.
The percentile and hypothetical set functions are particularly useful for statistical analysis.

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