1.

Title of the Module

Chapter 2: Basic Drawing and Editing Command Cont.
2. Introduction
Through a combination of Online lecture, Video tutorials, hands-on
exercises, and drawing problems, this course introduces the student to computer-
aided design/drafting with AutoCAD. The AutoCAD topics covered in this course
include Draw Circle, Ellipse, Arc, Spline, Donut, Helix, Rectangle, Polygon and Apply
hatch.
3. Learning Outcome
LO1. Draw Circle in a different way
LO2. Draw Ellipse using other option
LO3. Draw Arc and apply the different option
LO4. Understand the use of Spline
LO5. Draw Donut
LO6. Draw Helix
LO7. Draw a Rectangle and Modify them
LO8. Use Polygon and apply Inscribe and Circumscribe
LO9. Apply Hatch Command

4. Learning Content
Topic 1: Circle Command and its types
• Center, Radius
• Center, Diameter
• 2-Point
• 3-Points
• Tan, Tan, Radius
• Tan, Tan, Tan.
Topic 2: Ellipse Command and its types
• Center
• Axis, End
• Elliptical Arc
Topic 3: Arc Command and its types
• 3-Points
• Start, Center, End
• Start, Center, Angle
• Start, Center, Length
• Start, End, Angle
• Start, End, Direction
• Start, End, Radius
 • Center, Start, End
• Center, Start, Angle
• Center, Start, Length
• Continue

Topic 4: Spline in Command

Topic 5: Donut Command

Topic 6: Helix Command

Topic 7: Rectangle Command

• Fillet
• Chamfer
• Width
Topic 8: Polygon Command
• Inscribe
• Circumscribe
Topic 9: Hatch Command and its patterns
• Boundary
• Gradient
• Hatch Patterns
Topic 1: Circle Command
The Circle command is used to draw circles. There are ways you can define the
circle. The default method is to pick the center point and then to either pick a second
point on the circumference of the circle or enter the circle radius at the keyboard. To
activate the Circle command, type C then enter.

The Circle Command gives you several ways to make circles. In this exercise, you'll see
how to draw circles using the Center, Radius method, 2-Point method, Tan, Tan, Radius
method, and finally Tan, Tan, Tan.

Let's understand by two examples.

Example 1:

The steps to create a circle are given below:

1. Click on the Circle icon on the Ribbon Panel, as shown in the below image:

OR
Type Circle or C on the command line and press Enter.
 2. Specify the center point of a circle on the workspace or viewport.
3. Specify the radius of the circle.
Or
To specify diameter, type D - press Enter - specify the diameter of the circle.
4. Press Enter.
Example 2:
We can also create the circle randomly. The steps are listed below:

1. Click on the Circle icon on the Ribbon Panel, as shown in the below image:

OR
Type Circle or C on the command line and press Enter.
2. Specify the center point of a circle on the workspace or viewport.
3. Specify the endpoint of the radius through the cursor.

Types of Circles
There are three types of circles, which are listed below:

1. 2 point circle
2. 3 point circle
3. Tangent circle

1). 2 Point circle

We can create a circle by specifying the two endpoints.

The distance between the two specified endpoints will be considered as the diameter of
that circle.

Let's understand with an example.

Example: A circle between two lines.

The steps to create a two-point circle are listed below:

1. Select the 2-Point circle option from the drop-down list of the circle, as shown in
the below image:
 Or
Type C or Circle on the command line - Press Enter- type 2P - press Enter.

2. Click on the first endpoint of a circle diameter. We can also type the value to
specify the endpoint.

3. Click on the second endpoint of a circle diameter through the cursor, as shown in
the below image:

We can specify the endpoints according to the requirements.

4. The circle will be created, as shown in the below image:

2). 3 Point circle
We can create a circle by specifying the three endpoints.

Let's understand with an example.

Example: A circle between three edges.

The steps to create a three-point circle are listed below:

1. Create three edges.

2. Select the 3-Point circle option from the drop-down list of the circle, as shown in
the below image:

Or
Type C or Circle on the command line - Press Enter- type 3P - press Enter.

3. Click on the first point.

4. Click on the second point.

 5. Click on the third point.
The three points are shown in the below image:

6. The circle will be drawn, as shown in the below image:

3).Tangent circle
The tangent circle command is used to draw circles on the tangent.
There are two types of the tangent circle, that appear on the drop-down list of the circle
icon on the ribbon panel, as shown in the below image:
Let's understand with three examples.

Example 1: Tan, Tan, Radius

The steps to create a Ttr (Tangent tangent radius) circle are listed below:

1. Draw two lines in the viewport, as shown in the below image:

2. Select the Tan, Tan, Radius circle option from the drop-down list of the circle on
the ribbon panel.
Or
Type C or Circle on the command line - Press Enter- type ttr - press Enter.
3. Click on the first point on the first tangent.
4. Click on the second point on the other tangent.
5. Specify the radius of the circle. For example, 4.
6. The circle will be drawn on the two tangents, as shown in the below image:
The circle will be adjusted according to the specified radius.

Example 2: Tan, Tan, Tan

The steps to create a (Tangent tangent tangent) circle are listed below:

1. Draw three lines on the viewport, as shown in the below image:

2. Select the Tan, Tan, Tan circle option from the drop-down list of the circle.
3. Click on the first point on the first tangent.
4. Click on the second point on the second tangent.
5. Click on the third point on the third tangent.
6. The circle will be drawn on the three tangents, as shown in the below image:
We can modify the tangent and points according to the requirements.

Example 3: Tan, Tan, Radius

To create a circle inside a triangle

The steps to create a circle inside a triangle are listed below:

1. Draw a triangle in the viewport, as shown in the below image:

2. Select the Tan, Tan, Radius circle option from the drop-down list of the circle. Or
Type C or Circle on the command line - Press Enter- type ttr - press Enter.
3. Click on the first point on one side of the triangle.
4. Click on the second and third points on the other side of the triangle.
5. The circle will be drawn inside the circle, as shown in the below image:
Topic 2. Ellipse Command
The Ellipse is defined as a curve surrounding two focal points.

The shape of the ellipse is determined by two of its axis, which defines the length and
width.

The Ellipse is a general command to create ellipse on the AutoCAD display. We can create
the ellipse by specifying the two-point on an axis and the endpoint on another axis.
The first axis and the second axis of the Ellipse can be determined either as minor or
major axis, depending on the specification.

The icon of Ellipse will look like the below image:

Move the pointer of your mouse on the Ellipse icon to view the dialogue box for Ellipse in
AutoCAD. It will look like the given image:
It consists of the drop-down list, which includes other options such as Elliptical Arc,
Center, and Axis. The list will look like the given image:

Let's discuss each type of Ellipse in detail.

Center
In this method, the first axis is determined by the center point and endpoint, while the
second axis is determined by the length. We can either determine the point or distance
value to create such ellipse.

Let's understand with an example.

The steps are listed below:

1. Click on the Ellipse icon on the ribbon panel and choose Center from the drop-
down list of the Ellipse, as shown in the below image:
 Or
Type el or ellipse on the command line or command prompt and press Enter.
Type C or copy on the command line.
Press Enter.
2. Specify the center of the Ellipse on the viewport.
3. Specify endpoint of the first axis, as shown in the below image:

We can either specify the point or the distance value. The distance will be
calculated from the center to the endpoint of the first axis, such as 3.
We can also choose the vertical axis as the first axis, as shown in the below
image:

4. Press Enter.
5. Specify the endpoint or distance value of the second axis. For example, 4.
6. Press Enter.
 The Ellipse will be created, as shown in the below image:

If the vertical axis was chosen as the first axis, the ellipse so formed is shown in
the below image:

Axis, End
The Ellipse is formed by defining the three points similar to above.
It is shown below:
The location and length of the first axis is specified by the points 1 and 2, while the
distance between the center and the endpoint of the second axis is specified by the point
3.

Elliptical Arc
The Elliptical Arc command is used to create an elliptical arc.

For example:
Consider the below image:

The location and length of the first axis is specified by the points 1 and 2, while the
distance between the center and the endpoint of the second axis is specified by the
point 3.

The fourth and fifth specified points are the start and end angles.

Let's understand with an example:

The steps are listed below:

1. Click on the Ellipse icon on the ribbon panel and choose Elliptical Arc from the
drop-down list of the Ellipse, as shown in the below image:

Or
Type el or ellipse on the command line or command prompt and press Enter.
Type A or arc on the command line or command prompt and press Enter.
2. Specify the endpoint or the center of the elliptical arc.
3. Specify endpoint of the axis, as shown below:

4. Specify endpoint of other axis, as shown below:

5. Specify the start angle. For example, 30. It is shown in the below image:

6. Specify the end angle. For example, 120.

7. The created elliptical arc is shown in the below image:
We can also specify the Parameter angle instead of the normal angle.

Parameter
It creates the arc using the following vector equation for the specified angle values:
p(angle) = c + a * cos(angle) + b* sin(angle)
Where,
a and b = negative lengths of the major and minor axis
c = center of the ellipse

Topic 3. Arc Command

• The arc is defined as the smooth curve formed by joining two or more points.
• The arc of a circle is defined as the portion of the circumference of a circle.
• By default, the arc is drawn counter-clockwise. We are required to press
the Ctrl key to change the direction of the arc in the clockwise.
• The arc can be drawn by specifying the starting point, center, and the endpoint.
• We can also draw an arc by determining the angle, radius, and direction. The icon
of Arc on the ribbon panel looks like the below image:

Types of Arc
The arrow below the arc consists of the drop-down list specifying the types of arcs. The
list will look like the below image:
Let's discuss each type of arc with examples.

• 3 Point
Example: To create an arc on two intersecting lines.
Here, we need to specify three points to create an arc.

The steps to create a 3-point arc are listed below:

1. Create two intersecting lines, as shown in the below image:

2. Select theArc icon from the ribbon panel.

Or
Type A on the command line and press Enter.
3. Specify first, second, and thethird point over the top of two lines, as shown in the
below image:

We can change the position of points accordingly.

4. The arc is shown in the below image:

Start, Center, End

Example: Arc on a rectangle.
The steps to create an arc are listed below:
5. Create a rectangle. Here, we have created a rectangle with length 3 and width 5,
as shown in the below image:

6. Select the Arc icon from the ribbon panel.

Or
Type A on the command line and press Enter.
7. Specify the starting, center, and end point of the arc on the rectangle, as shown in
the below image:
 8. The arc on the rectangle is shown in the below image:

Start, Center, Angle

It creates an arc using the start point, center point, and an included angle.
Consider the below image:

Here, 1 and 2 are the starting and center point, and 3 is the specified included angle.
The radius of arc is defined as the distance between the center point and the start point.
Let's understand by another example.
The process is shown below:
The arc will be created counter-clockwise from the start point. We need to hold
the Ctrl key to switch the direction of the arc.

Start, Center, Length

It creates an arc using the start point, center point, and the length of the chord.
Consider the below image:

Here, 1 and 2 are the starting and center point. The distance between points 1 and 3
determines the length of the chord.

The distance between the center point and the start point determines the radius.

Let's understand by another example.

The process is shown below:

The created arc will be:

Start, End, Angle

It creates an arc using the start point, endpoint, and an included angle.
Consider the below image:

Here, 1 and 2 are the starting and endpoint, and 3 is the specified included angle.
The included angle between the center point and arc determines the radius and center of
the arc.
Let's understand by another example.
The process is shown below:
Here, we have specified the included angle of 120.
The created arc is shown below:

Start, End, Direction

It creates an arc using the start point, end point, and a tangent direction at the start
point.

Let's understand by example.

The process is shown below:

We can specify the direction of the tangent either by a point on the desired tangent line
or by specifying the angle value.
We can also change the order of the endpoints.
Start, End, Radius
It creates an arc using the start point, end point, and a radius.

Let's understand by example.

The process is shown below:

Here, we have specified the radius value 5.

The created arc is shown below:

The direction is determined by order of the endpoints.

We can specify the radius by entering the radius value. We can also determine it by
specifying the point at the desired distance.

Center, Start, End

It creates an arc using center point, start point, and the endpoint. The endpoint can also
be determined as the third point.

Let's understand with an example.

The process is shown below:

Here, 1 and 2 are the center point and the start point. 3 is the third point or endpoint.
The radius of arc is defined as the distance between the center point and the start point.
The arc is created in an anti-clockwise direction.
To switch the direction, we need to press the Ctrl button.

Center, Start, Angle

It creates an arc using center point, start point, and the included angle.

Let's understand with an example.

The process is shown below:

Here, we have specified the included angle= 120.

The created arc is shown below:

The radius of arc is defined as the distance between the center point and the start point.
The arc is created in an anti-clockwise direction.
To switch the direction, we need to press the Ctrl button.

Center, Start, Length

It creates an arc using center point, start point, and length of the chord.
Let's understand with an example.
The process is shown below:

Here, we have specified the length of the chord= 7.

The created arc is shown below:

The radius of arc is defined as the distance between the center point and the start point.
The arc is created in anti-clockwise direction.
To switch the direction, we need to press the Ctrl button.
Continue
It creates an arc from the last line or arc drawn. Consider the below image:

After the drawn arc or line, we can immediately create an arc that is tangent at an
endpoint.
We need to only specify the endpoint of the arc.

Topic 4. Spline Command

• The spline command in AutoCAD is used to create a smooth curve, which passes
through a set of predefined points.
• It creates a non-uniform curve passing through the points.
• Thus, spline can be created by defining fit points or Control Vertices (CV) points.
• The control vertices define a control frame, which is used to control the shape of
the spline, while fit points coincided with the spline.

Let's understand by two examples.

Example 1: Using Fit points

The steps to create spline using fit points are listed below:

1. Select the Spline icon under the Draw interface from the ribbon panel, as shown
below:

Or
Type SPL on the command line or command prompt and press Enter.
2. Click on the 'Method' option on the command line, as shown below:
3. Click on the 'Fit' option, as shown below:

4. Specify the fit points by clicking with the help of the mouse. It is shown below:

Continue specifying points and press Enter or Esc to exit.

The created spline is shown below:

Example 2: Using CV
The steps to create spline using Control Vertices (CV) are listed below:
1. Select the Spline icon under the Draw interface from the ribbon panel.
Or
Type SPL on the command line or command prompt and press Enter.
2. Click on the 'Method' option on the command line, as shown below:

3. Click on the 'CV' option, as shown below:

4. Specify the vertices by clicking with the help of the mouse. It is shown below:

Continue specifying points and press Enter or Esc to exit.

The created spline is shown below:

Note: We can also create splines with a closed-loop. The shape depends on the points
defined by us. We can define as many points according to our requirements.

Edit Control Vertices

Let's consider the above spline.
The steps are listed below:
1. Click on the spline.
The vertices on the spline will look like the below image:

2. Click on any particular vertex. The operations such as Stretch, Add, Refine,
and Remove can be performed on different vertices, according to the requirements.
3. Press the Ctrl button to switch between different operations.

Spline with degree

We can create a spline with any degree.
The steps to create such spline are listed below:
1. Select the Spline icon under the Draw interface from the ribbonpanel.
Or
Type SPL on the command line or command prompt and press Enter.
2. Click on the 'Degree' option on the command line, as shown below:

3. Specify the degree of a spline.

4. Press Enter.
5. Specify the points by clicking with the help of the cursor.
The spline with a specified degree will be created.
For example, consider the below image:

To convert spline into a polyline

The steps to convert a spline into a polyline are listed below:
1. Type SPLINEDIT on the command line.
2. Press Enter.
3. Select the spline to convert.

The command line will look like the below image:

4. Type P and press Enter.
5. Specify the precision value between 0 and 99.
6. Press Enter.
The spline will be converted to the polyline.

Topic 5. Donut Command

The donut is defined as a solid-filled circle or filled ring object.
It consists of polyline connected end to end in a circular shape. We are required to
specify the inside and outside diameter that determine the width of the donut.
The donut with specified input and output diameter will look like the below image:

If we want to create a solid filled circle, we need to specify the inside diameter of 0,
which will look like the below image:
The donut with specified input and output diameter will look like the below image:

The donut command in AutoCAD is used to create a donut-shaped object, which can be
used in different ways in a drawing, like the wheel of four-wheelers, design circuits, etc.
Consider the below image:

The above image displays how donut can be used.

Let's understand by an example.
The steps are listed below:
 1. Select Donut icon under the Draw interface, as shown below:

Or
Type Do or donut on the command line or command prompt and press Enter.
2. Specify the inside diameter of the donut. For example, 3.
3. Specify the outside diameter of the donut. For example, 5.
4. Specify the center point of the donut on the viewport.
5. Press Esc or Enter to exit.

The created donut is shown below:

Topic 6. Helix Command

The helix is defined as the 2D or 3D spiral structure. It is also used to create threads,
circular stairways, and springs.
We are required to specify a center point, radius, and base of the helix in 2D.
In 3D, we are required to specify a center point, radius, base point, and height of helix.
Consider the below image:
It signifies the points required to create a helix.

Let's understand with an example.

The steps are listed below:

1. Select the Helix icon under the Draw interface, as shown below:

Or
Type helix on the command line or command prompt and press Enter.
2. Specify center point of the base on the viewport or drawing area of AutoCAD.
3. Specify the base radius or diameter of the helix. For example, 4.
It is shown below:

For diameter, press D and enter the value of diameter.

4. Specify the top radius or diameter. For example, 0.5.
5. It is shown below:

6. For diameter, press D and enter the value of diameter.

7. Press Enter or Esc to exit.
The helix will look like the below image:

8. To create a helix in Isometric or 3D, specify the helix height. We can also
determine the turn or twist accordingly.
Topic 7. Rectangle Command
The rectangle command is used to create rectangles in our drawing.
There are two methods to draw a rectangle. In the first method, we can create
rectangles randomly by specifying the points. In the second method, we can create
rectangles by specifying the value (length and width).

Let's understand by two examples.

Example 1:
To draw rectangles randomly.
The steps are given below:

1. Select the rectangle command from the ribbon panel. The rectangle icon will look
like the below image:

Or
Type Rec or Rectangle in the command line and press Enter.
2. Specify the first corner point on the viewport.
3. Specify the second corner point (diagonally opposite to the first point) on the
viewport.

Example 2:
To draw a rectangle by specifying the length and width.

The steps are given below:

1. Select the rectangle command from the ribbon panel. The rectangle icon will look
like the below image:

Or
Type Rec or Rectangle in the command line and press Enter.
2. Specify the first corner point on the viewport.
3. Specify the length and breadth of the rectangle in the form of @length, width. For
example, @4,5.
Where, 4 is the length of the rectangle, while 5 is the width of the rectangle.
4. Press Enter.

Rectangle with round corners

The rectangles can also be created with rounded corners.

The steps to create a rounded corner rectangle are listed below:

 1. Select the rectangle command from the ribbon panel. The rectangle icon will look
like the below image:

Or
Type Rec or Rectangle in the command line and press Enter.
2. Type F or Fillet and press Enter.
(Fillets are used to create round edges.)
3. Specify the fillet radius for the rectangle. For example, 1.
4. Press Enter.
5. Specify the first corner point of rectangle on the viewport.
6. Specify the length and breadth of the rectangle in the form of @length, width. For
example, @6,6
7. Press Enter.
The rectangle formed is shown in the below image:

We can also type Elevation or E instead of Fillet to create rounded corners.

Rectangle with slanted corners

The rectangles can also be created with slanted corners.
The steps to create a slanted corner rectangle are listed below:
1. Select the rectangle command from the ribbon panel. The rectangle icon will look
like the below image:

Or
Type Rec or Rectangle in the command line and press Enter.
2. Type C or Chamfer and press Enter.
(Chamfers are used to create slanted edges.)
3. Specify the first chamfer distance for the rectangle. For example, 1.
4. Press Enter.
5. Specify the second chamfer distance for the rectangle. For example, 1.
6. Press Enter.
7. Specify the first corner point of the rectangle on the viewport.
8. Specify the length and breadth of the rectangle in the form of @length, width. For
example, @7,6.
9. Press Enter.
The rectangle formed is shown in the below image:
Note: The chamfer distance for both sides should be the same to create regular shape.
We can also change the shape according to the requirements.

Rectangle with increased width

We can increase the width of the rectangle.

The steps to increase the width of the rectangle are listed below:

1. Select the rectangle command from the ribbon panel. The rectangle icon will look
like the below image:

Or
Type Rec or Rectangle in the command line and press Enter.
2. Type W or Width and press Enter.
3. Specify the line width for the rectangle. For example, 1.
4. Press Enter.
5. Specify the first corner point of the rectangle on the viewport.
6. Specify the length and breadth of the rectangle in the form of @length, width. For
example, @5,5
7. Press Enter.

The rectangle formed (represented by blue lines for better visibility) is shown in the
below image:

Note: We can perform multiple functions on a rectangle by specifying the value for each
property.
To remove particular property (ex. Width/chamfer), we need to specify the value 0 to the
corresponding property of the rectangle.

Rectangle with increased thickness

We can increase the thickness of the rectangle.

The steps to increase the thickness of the rectangle are listed below:

1. Select the rectangle command from the ribbon panel. The rectangle icon will look
like the below image:

Or
Type Rec or Rectangle in the command line and press Enter.
2. Type T or Thickness and press Enter.
3. Specify the thickness of the rectangle. For example, 1.
4. Press Enter.
5. Specify the first corner point of the rectangle on the viewport.
6. Specify the length and breadth of the rectangle in the form of @length, width. For
example, @6, 5.
7. Press Enter.
8. The thickness will be in the Z direction and visible in 3D only.

Topic 8. Polygon Command

A polygon is a figure formed by the finite number of line segments connected to form a
closed circuit.

The categories of the polygon are triangle, quadrilateral, pentagons, hexagon, heptagon
(or septagon), octagon, etc. The triangle is a figure with three sides, and an octagon is a
figure with eight sides.

The polygon command is used to create polygons in AutoCAD. We need to specify the
number of sides to create a polygon.

The maximum number of lines available to create a polygon is 1024

The shortcut command to create a polygon is 'pol'.

Types (Methods to use Polygon)

There are two types of the polygon, which are given below:

1. Inscribe in Circle
The polygon formed will be drawn inside the circle. The command is best used when we
want to create any polygon with its vertices or corners touching the circle.
The shortcut command for inscribing is I.
2. Circumscribe about Circle
The polygon formed will be drawn outside the circle. The shortcut command for
circumscribing is C.

Note: A polygon can also be drawn inscribe or circumscribe without the circle.

Let's understand inscribe and circumscribe with two examples.

Example 1: We will consider the pentagon as a polygon for this example.

The image for such an example is shown below:

Example 2: We will consider hexagon as a polygon for this example.

The image for such an example is shown below:

Examples to create polygon

Example 1:
The steps to create a pentagon (polygon with five sides) are listed below:
1. Select Polygon from the drop-down list of the Rectangle present on the ribbon panel,
as shown in the below image:

Or
Type POL on the command line and press Enter.
2. Specify the number of sides of a polygon. Here, we are creating a pentagon, so we
will enter 5.
3. Press Enter.
4. Specify the center of polygon on the viewport or workspace.
5. Enter I or C for Inscribe or Circumscribe.
6. Press Enter.
7. Specify the radius of the polygon. For example, 4.
8. Press Enter. The polygon will be drawn, as shown in the below image:

Example 2:
The steps to create a heptagon (polygon with seven sides) are given below:
1. Select Polygon from the drop-down list of the Rectangle present on the ribbon panel,
as shown in the below image:

Or
Type POL on the command line and press Enter.
2. Specify the number of sides of a polygon. Here, we are creating a heptagon (also
called Septagon), so we will enter 7.
3. Press Enter.
4. Specify the center of polygon on the viewport or workspace.
5. Enter I or C for Inscribe or Circumscribe.
6. Press Enter.
7. Specify the radius of the polygon. For example, 5.
8. Press Enter. The polygon will be drawn, as shown in the below image:

Combined polygons
We can also combine two or more polygons by specifying the edge of the
corresponding polygon.

Let's understand with an example.

The example consists of three pentagons joined together.

The steps for such an example are listed below:
1. Type POL on the command line and press Enter.
2. Specify the number of sides. For the pentagon, we will specify 5.
3. Press Enter.
4. Specify the center of polygon on the viewport or workspace.
5. Enter I or C for Inscribe and Circumscribe.
6. Press Enter.
7. Specify the radius of the polygon. For example, 4.
8. Press Enter. The polygon will be drawn, as shown in the below image:
Now, the steps to create a second pentagon combined with the first.
9. Type POL on the command line and press Enter.
10. Specify the number of sides, 5.
11. Press Enter.
12. Type E (Edge) and press Enter.
13. Specify the first and second endpoint of the edge of the first polygon through the
cursor, as shown in the below image:

Now, the steps to create a third pentagon combined with the first and second polygons.
14. Type POL on the command line and press Enter.
15. Specify the number of sides, 5.
16. Press Enter.
17. Type E (Edge) and press Enter.
18. Specify the first and second endpoint of the edge of first polygon through the cursor,
as shown in the below image:

We can specify any two endpoints according to the requirements.

Note: If we want to specify a significant value to create a polygon, we can determine the
limits for that.

Topic 9. Hatch Command

The Hatch command in AutoCAD is used to fill patterns inside an enclosed area. The
patterns are hatched, gradient, and solid fill.
The gradient patterns are defined as a smooth transition between two colors.
There are several hatch patterns available in AutoCAD. We can choose the desired
pattern from the list of the patterns according to the requirements.
The number of hatch lines represented in any pattern can be adjusted with the help of
the Hatch Pattern Scale.
The Hatch Pattern Scale signifies the spacing between the lines in a particular pattern.

Let's understand with few examples.

Example 1:
Consider the below image:

The steps to fill hatch pattern are listed below:

1. Select the Hatch icon from the ribbon panel, as shown in the below image:

Or
Type H on the command line or command prompt and press Enter.
2. Pick internal points of any object.
Or
Select objects.
Here, we have picked an internal point inside a circle. We can pick any point
inside a circle.
 3. A hatch pattern will be created inside the circle, as shown below:

4. To modify the lines, we have increased the Hatch Pattern Scale.

The figure will now appear as:

We can also select the desired patterns from the list of patterns, as shown below:

The greater the hatch pattern Scale, the higher will be the distance between the lines in
the hatch pattern.

When we click on the arrow near the Hatch Icon, a drop-down list appears, as shown in
the below image:

Boundary
The Boundary command creates a separate region or polyline from the enclosed area.

Gradient
Let's understand the gradient with an example:
Example 1:
Consider the below image:

The steps are listed below:

1. Select the Gradient Icon from the drop-down list of the hatch.
2. Pick internal points of any object or select objects. Here, we have picked an
internal point outside the circle.
3. A gradient will be created inside the rectangle, as shown below:

Let's consider another gradient pattern. It will look like the below image:

We can also select the desired patterns from the list of patterns, as shown below:
Hatch Patterns
• The Hatch command in AutoCAD is used to fill patterns inside an enclosed area.
The patterns are hatch patterns, gradient, and solid fill.
• We can select the desired pattern from the list of patterns.
• The scale value should be adjusted accordingly.
• The higher the Hatch Pattern Scale, the larger will be the gap between the lines in
the Hatch patterns.

The available hatch patterns are given below:

We can choose the desired pattern from the list of patterns for different figures or
objects.
Let's understand with few examples.
Consider the below image:

Here, we will create different patterns in the above image.

The figure with different patterns are given below:
Example 1: Example 2: Example 3:

Example 4:
It will display the combination of two different hatch patterns.

Example 5:
It will display the combination of two different hatch patterns.
References:
• Cheryl R. Shrock, Steve Heather 2018 - Beginning AutoCAD® 2019 Exercise Workbook
• George Omura and Brian C BentonMastering, "AutoCAD® 2018 and AutoCAD LT® 2018",
© 2017 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Indianapolis, Indiana
• George Omura, Brian C. Benton 2017 - Mastering AutoCAD 2018 and AutoCAD LT 2018
• Zico Pratama Putra, Ali Akbar 2019 - AutoCAD 2019 From Zero to Hero
• AutoCAD and its Applications-Basic/Shumaker & Madsen 27th Edition for Release 2020
• Tutorial Guide to AutoCAD 2018
• An Introduction to AutoCAD for Beginners
• https://thesourcecad.com/autocad-tutorials/
• http://www.cadinternational.com/
• https://knowledge.autodesk.com/
• https://www.educba.com/introduction-to-autocad/?source=leftnav
• https://myCADsite.com/
• https://www.javatpoint.com/arc-in-autocad/