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    Estrous Synchronization

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    B Usamazain

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Estrous Synchronization

    Uploaded by

    B Usamazain
    3 views52 pages

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    3 views52 pages

    Estrous Synchronization

    Uploaded by

    B Usamazain

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 52

    Estrous Synchronization

    3 important tools for successful


    Reproductive Management

     Estrous Synchronization
     Estrous detection
     Artificial Insemination
    Definition

     A management technique that makes use of hormones to control or


    reschedule the estrous cycle, modifying the cycle’s length or inducing
    estrus.
     It is a process of bringing a group of animals into heat at the same time
    through hormonal intervention
    Advantages

     It allows one to choose the day and the time of the artificial insemination
    as well as the calving period.
     It helps artificial insemination (AI). Thus we make group of animals
    according to available staff.
     It helps to decrease the calving interval. More calves are produced by
    single cow
     Synchronization program improves the reproductive performance of the
    herd.
     Earlier and more concentrated calving.
     Synchronization helps in case of short or silent heat animal
    Advantages

     It ensures that most of the cows have been covered during the breeding
    season.
     Synchronization program makes management easy.
     Uniform calf crop is achieved.
     Animals calve in a short time span allowing better management and also
    increased milk yield.
     Synchronization program decreases the number of open cows at farm
    and hence increases farm profitability.
     Milk yield is increased as it is peak in 3rd month so more peak will be
    achieved.
    Hormones associated with Synchronization

     GnRH
     Prostaglandin
     Progesterone
    Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone

     GnRH is produced naturally in the brain and causes release of other


    hormones which are important for follicular development and ovulation.

     When injected into cattle, GnRH causes either ovulation of the dominant
    follicle or formation of luteal tissue within the follicle which will regress when
    PG is injected later.
    Prostaglandin

     Naturally occurring hormone produced by the uterus

     Released on Day 17 of cycle when no embryo is present and causes


    regression of the CL , Animal returns to heat in 2-5 days

     Same thing happens when it is injected into an animal with CL


    Progesterone

     Produced by the CL between day 5 and 16 of the estrous cycle.

     The hormone prevents heat and ovulation.

     When used in heat synchronization programs, Progesterone will delay heat


    in cattle that undergo natural regression of the CL during the five or seven
    day period before a PG injection.
    MGA

     Melengestrol Acetate (MGA) is an oral progesterone analog use as a


    synchronizing agent.
     Feed Melongestrol acetate to heifers at a rate of 0.5 mg per head per
    day. Mix the MGA with ground corn so that 3 to 5 pounds of the corn-MGA
    mix will supply each animal with 0.5 mg of MGA per day. We usually feed
    MGA for 14 days .
     Feed the heifers at the same time every day. All heifers must get their
    share.
     Any animal not getting enough MGA will “break-through” and show heat
    and not be synchronized with the rest of the group.
    CIDR

     The CIDR is a T-shaped rubber device that contains progesterone.


     Insert the CIDR into the vagina of the heifers using a special applicator.
     The lining of the vagina absorbs the progesterone from the CIDR.
     Properly disinfect the applicator and CIDR before inserting the CIDR into
    the animal.
     Take care to clean the vulva and not introduce any manure into the
    vagina. The CIDR is usually left in place for seven days, but a few estrus
    synchronization systems leave the CIDR in place for 14 days.
    Advantages of CIDR

     Increase the pregnancy rate


     Estrus synchronization
     Improved value of the semen because of higher success of the A.I
     Exact breeding and calving dates of cows and heifer
     More profitable herd/flock
    Basis for Synchronization of Estrus

     Manipulate life span of CL


     Manipulate growth of follicles
     Manipulate timing of ovulation
    Synchronization Protocol

     One shot PGF


     Two shot PGF
     Ov-synch
     Co-synch
     Select Synch
     OV-synch+CIDR
     CO-synch+CIDR
    Synchronization Protocol

     Select Synch+CIDR
     CIDR
     MGA
     MGA+PGF
     MGA+Ovsynch
     G6G-OvSynch
     Presynch
    One Shot Prostaglandin

    Check the animals in Diestrous


    Make a group and inject Prostaglandin
    After 2-5 days animal will come in heat , go for A.I
    PG
    Animal Those who are in Di-
    2-5 days estrous will show heat
    Those in Heat are Inseminated.
    Two Shot Prostaglandin

    PG PG

    Those in Heat are Inseminated,

    Day 0 Day 11-14


    Two Shot Prostaglandin

    Shot one (day 0) Second shot (day 11)


    Estrous Day 0 of estrous Day 11
    MetEstrous Day 2-5 Day 13-16
    DiEstrous Day 6-9 of next estrous
    ProEstrous Day 17-21 7-13
    Ov-Synch

    GnRH PG GnRH

    Animal will show heat 2-5


    days after PG shot
    Day 0 Day 7 Day 9
    Benefits of Ov-Synch

     It can be use at any stage of the estrus cycle.


     It ensure the homogenous status of the ovarian follicular at induction of
    luteolysis
     Result in tight synchroncy of the estrus allowing breeding at appointed
    time without the detection of estrus.
     Its classical method and can be used both in dairy and beef cows.
    Double Ov-Synch

    GnRH PG GnRH GnRH PG GnRH

    Heat after 2-5 day


    Day Day
    Day 0 Day 7 Day 9 Day 23 25
    16
    Benefits of Double Ov-Synch

     40-45% of the cows will be in standing heat at the time of A.I


     Its ability to initiate first ovulation in anovulatory cows in response to either
    GnrH1/GnRH 2 shot
     One draw back is its costly than others protocol
    Co-Synch

    GnRH PG GnRH+ T.A.I

    Day 0 Day 7 Day 9


    Select-Synch

    GnRH PG
    Those in Heat are Inseminated,
    Rest GnRH+A.I
    5 days

    Day 0 Day 7
    CIDR + Ov-Synch

    GnRH PG GnRH

    C.I.D.R
    Heat after 2-5 day

    Day 0 Day 7 Day 9


    Use of CIDR+Ovsynch

     Use in the cows showing inefficient heat


     In acyclic cows with poor response to other breeding programs
     In acyclic heifers even old enough to come in estrus
    Co-Synch

    GnRH PG GnRH+ F.T.A.I

    C.I.D.R

    Day 0 Day 7 Day 9


    Select-Synch

    GnRH PG
    Those in Heat are Inseminated,
    C.I.D.R Rest GnRH+A.I
    5 days

    Day 0 Day 7
    CIDR

    PG
    Those in Heat are Inseminated
    C.I.D.R
    5 days

    Day 0 Day 6 Day 7


    MGA

    Those in Heat are Inseminated


    MGA
    2 days

    Day 0 Day 14 Day 16


    MGA+ PG

    PG
    Heat but missed Heat+
    MGA A.I
    2 days 2-5 days
    Day Day Day Day
    0 14 16 27
    MGA+ Ov-Synch

    GnRh PG GnRh
    Heat but missed Heat+
    MGA A.I
    2 days 2-5 days
    Day Day Day Day Day Day
    0 14 16 23 30 32
    Benefits of MGA+PG

     PG better act on the CL which is old in age like 15-17 days than the early
    CL 5-7 days of the age
     Increased conception rate
    G6G-OvSynch

    PG GnRH GnRH PG GnRh


    Heat+
    A.I
    2-5 days
    Day Day Day Day Day
    0 3 9 16 18
    Economics

    Hormone Preparation Dose/animal Price

    GnRH Conceptal 2.5 ml 390


    Dermaline 2ml 550
    PGF2α Synchromate 3 ml 300
    cychromate 1ml 100

    Progesterone CIDR 1 device 1500


    Cost of Each protocol
    Protocoal Sequence of each shot Total Cost
    PGF2α single shot 300 300
    PGF2α double shot 300+300 600
    Ov-synch 390+300+390 1080
    Co-synch 390+300+390 1080
    Select-synch 390+300 690/1080
    Ovsynch+CIDR 390+1500+300+390 2580
    Cosynch+CIDR 390+1500+300+390 2580
    Selectsynch+CIDR 390+1500+300 2190/2580
    CIDR 1500+300 1800
    Double ovsynch 390+300+390+390+300+3 2460
    00+390
    G6G 300+390+390+300+300+ 2070
    390
    MANAGEMENT CRITERIA FOR
    SUCCESSFUL PROGRAMS

     Nutrition: Cows that are fed less than the amount needed to maintain
    energy levels and hence, lose weight over winter are plagued with
    delayed onset of post calving estrous, resulting anestrus at the beginning
    of the breeding
     season. Also inadequate post calving energy intake results in low first
    service conception rates, The best conditions are when the days are long
    enough (12 to 14 day light) and when the average temperatures are in a
    comfortable range for the animals.
     Heifers: The best results are obtained if heifers are 14-15 months of age and
    have reached at least 65% of expected adult weight (Holstein breed). To
    achieve this, the farmer should feed properly the heifer between birth and
    6 month of age. Any growth delay at 6 months could result in fertility
    problem later on.
     Postpartum interval: Cows less than 50 days postpartum should be
    excluded from synchronization programs. First and second calf heifers
    usually require a post-partum interval longer than cows (i.e. 60-70 days).
     Calving: The hygiene of the calving area as well as the farmer and
    veterinarian hygiene affects the results. Thus difficult calving are often
    associated with retained placenta which might gives accumulation in the
    uterus and metritis Herd health: The general health of the herd should be
    evaluated before starting an estrous synchronization program.
     AI technicians and semen: Adequate and sufficient AI technology should
    be ensure, especially if large number of cows are to be bred over a short
    period of time. Facilities should be adequate and include protection from
    sun and wind. The quality of the semen should be checked
     Stress: Stress can have an effect when it occurs in luteal phase. Indeed it
    inhibits the LH hormone secretion thus the ovulation and increases the
    embryonic mortality. Consequently during 3 weeks before and after AI, it is
    advised not to vaccine, de-horned, change the food or de-worm the
    animals.

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