THE SHRI RAM SCHOOL ARAVALI

PRE-BOARD SYLLABUS 2024 - 2025

FORM X

ENGLISH LITERATURE

Drama: Julius Caesar—Acts III, IV & V

Prose:

1. With the Photographer

2. The Elevator
3. The Girl Who Can
4. The Pedestrian
5. The Last Lesson

Poem:

1. Haunted Houses
2. The Glove and the Lions
3. When Great Trees Fall
4. A Considerable Speck
5. The Power of Music
ENGLISH LANGUAGE

1. Composition: Original Short story; First person account (Narrative) ; Descriptive;

Argumentative; Picture Composition
2. Letter writing – Informal and Formal
3. Notice and Email
4. Comprehension with Precis
5. Grammar -- Verb Forms; Prepositions; Joining of Sentences; Transformation of
Sentences

HINDI

साहित्य (संक्षिप्त किानियााँ)

1. बात अठन्नी की
2. काकी
3. महायज्ञ का पुरस्कार
4. नेता जी का चश्मा
5. अपना-अपना भाग्य
6. बड़े घर की बेटी

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 7. संदेह
8. भीड़ में खोया आदमी
9. भेड़ें और भेड़ड़ए
10. दो कलाकार
साहित्य (पद्य भाग)

1. साखी
2. गिररधर की कंु डललयााँ
3. स्विग बना सकते हैं
4. वह जन्मभूलम मेरी
5. मेघ आए
6. सूर के पद
7. ववनय के पद
8. लभक्षुक
9. चलना हमारा काम है
10. मात ृ मंददर की ओर
व्याकरण –
1. रचनात्मक लेखन (ननबंध/प्रस्ताव लेखन और सूक्तत/गचत्र पर आधाररत कहानी लेखन
अथवा वर्गन) |
2. पत्र लेखन (औपचाररक व अनौपचाररक पत्र लेखन)
3. अपदठत िदयांश
4. भाववाचक संज्ञा, ववशेषर्, पयागयवाची शब्द, तत्सम-तदभव, उपसिग-प्रत्यय, ववपरीताथगक
शब्द, मुहावरे , लोकोक्ततयााँ, वातय-अथग और रचना के आधार पर, वाच्य, काल, वतगनी
शुदधीकरर्, वातय पररवतगन एवं शुदधीकरर्

FRENCH

1.Grammaire – • Articles [ définis, indéfinis, contractés, partitfs ]

• Adjectifs [ démonstratifs, possessifs, qualificatifs, Interrogatifs ]
● Interrogation
● Négation
● Pronons Personnels
● Pronoms Relatifs ● Prépositions
● Temps – [présent, futur proche, future simple, passé composé, passé
récent, imparfait, impératif, verbes pronominaux]
● Comparatifs et Superlatifs
2. Essay writing
3. Letter writing
4. Picture composition
5. Comprehension
6. Translation (English to French & French to English)
7. Dialogue writing
[ Topics for writing –

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●Topic A -Myself [Self, Family, Friends, Important Events, Interests
& Hobbies, Home & Locality, Daily Routine, School]
● Topic B- Holiday Time & Travel [Travel,Transport & Tourism, Accomodation,
Restaurant, Directions, Holiday Activities, Services]
● Topic C – Work & Lifestyle [Home Life, Everyday Living & Health, Work
Experience, Leisure, Shopping, The Environment]

SPANISH

Reference book: Cambridge IGCSE SPANISH (2RD EDITION)

Broad themes:

1. Topic A – Myself • Self, Family and Friends • Important Events • Interests and Hobbies •
Home and Locality • Daily Routine • School
2. Topic B – Holiday Time & Travel • Travel, Transport and Tour Accommodation •
Restaurant • Directions • Holiday Activities • Services
3. Topic C – Work & Lifestyle • Home Life • Everyday Living and Health • Work
Experience Leisure • Shopping • The Environment
Tiempos: presente, presente continuo, preterito perfecto, futuro cercano, indefinido,
imperfecto, condicional, futuro, subjuntivo e imperativo.
Additional topics:
Casa, familia, barrio, rutina diaria, descripción física, gustos, planes, salud, deportes,
gastronomia, vacaciones, educación, vida escolar.
Grammar topics
Tiempos: presente, presente continuo, preterito perfecto, futuro cercano, indefinido,
imperfecto, condicional, futuro, subjuntivo e imperativo.

GEOGRAPHY
1. Interpretation of Topographical Maps
2. Map of India
3. India – Climate
4. India – Soil
5. India – Natural Vegetation
6. India – Water Resources
7. India – Minerals and Energy Resources
8. Agriculture in India – I and II
9. Manufacturing Industries - Agro based industries
10. Manufacturing Industries - Mineral based industries
11. Transport in India
12. Waste Management – I and II

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HISTORY & CIVICS
SECTION A: CIVICS
1. The Union Legislature:
2. The Union Executive
(a) The President:
(b) The Vice-President:
(c) Prime Minister and Council of Ministers:
3. The Judiciary
(a) The Supreme Court:
(b) The High Courts:
(c) Subordinate Courts:
SECTION B: HISTORY
1. The Indian National Movement (1857 - 1917)
(a) The First War of Independence, 1857
(b) Factors leading to the growth of Nationalism
(c) First and Second Phase of the Indian National Movement (1885-1907)
2. Mass Phase of the National Movement (1915- 1947)
(a) Mahatma Gandhi - Non-Cooperation Movement: The Civil Disobedience Movement: The
Quit India Movement.
(b) Forward Bloc (objectives) and INA (objectives and contribution of Subhas Chandra
Bose).
(c) Independence and Partition of India
3. The Contemporary World
(a) The First World War
(b) Rise of Dictatorships
(c) The Second World War
(d) United Nations-Organs and Agencies.U NICEF, WHO and UNESCO
(e) Non-Aligned Movement

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PHYSICS:

1.Force
2.Work, Energy and Power
3.Machines
4.Refraction of light at plane surfaces
5.Refraction through Lens
6.Spectrum
7.Sound
8.Current Electricity
9.Household Circuits
10.Electro-magnetism
11.Calorimetry
12.Radioactivity

CHEMISTRY

1. Periodic properties and variation of properties – Physical and chemical

2. Chemical Bonding
3. Study of Acids, Bases and Salts
4. Analytical Chemistry
5. Mole Concept and Stoichiometry
6. Electrolysis
7. Metallurgy
8. Study of Compounds
A. Hydrogen Chloride
B. Ammonia
C. Nitric Acid
D. Sulphuric Acid
9. Organic Chemistry
10. Practical Chemistry

BIOLOGY

1. Structure of Chromosomes, Cell Cycle and Cell Division

2. Genetics – Some Basic Fundamentals
3. Absorption by Roots – The Processes Involved
4. Transpiration
5. Photosynthesis
6. Chemical Coordination in Plants
7. The Circulatory System
8. The Excretory System
9. The Nervous System
10. Sense Organs
11. The Endocrine System
12. The Reproductive System

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 13. Human Evolution
14. Population – The Increasing Numbers and Rising Problems
15. Pollution – A Rising Environmental Problem

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE

1. Controlling Air Pollution

2. Addressing Population
3. Managing the Urban Environment
4. Managing Soil and Land
5. Food
6. Biodiversity
7. Energy
8. Waste
9. Environment and Development
10. Towards a Sustainable Future

ECONOMICS

1. Ch 1: Factors of Production
2. Ch 2: Elementary Theory of Demand
3. Ch 3: Elasticity of Demand
4. Ch 4: Theory of Supply
5. Ch 5: Meaning and Types of Market
6. Ch 6: Meaning and Functions of Money
7. Ch 7: Commercial Banks
8. Ch 8: Central Bank
9. ⁠Ch 9: Public Finance
10. ⁠Ch 10: Public Revenue
11. ⁠Ch 11: Public Expenditure
12. ⁠Ch 12: Public Debt
13. ⁠Ch 13: Inflation
14. ⁠Ch 14: Consumer Awareness

MATHEMATICS

1. Goods and Services Tax

2. Banking
3. Shares and Dividends
4. Linear Inequations
5. Quadratic Equations in One variable
6. Factorisation
7. Ratio and Proportion
8. Matrices
9. Arithmetic and Geometric Progression
10. Reflection
11. Section Formula
12. Equation of a Straight Line

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13. Similarity
14. Locus
15. Circles
16. Constructions
17. Mensuration
18. Trigonometric Identities
19. Trigonometrical Tables
20. Heights and Distances
21. Measures of Central Tendency
22. Probability

COMMERCIAL STUDIES

1. Stakeholders in Commercial Organisation

2. Marketing and Sales
3. Advertising and Sales Promotion
4. Consumer Protection
5. E-Commerce
6. Capital and Revenue Expenditure/ Income
7. Final Accounts of Sole Proprietorship
8. Fundamental Concepts of Cost
9. Budgeting
10. Sources of Business Finance
11. Recruitment, Selection and Training
12. Industrial Relations, Trade Unions and Social Security
13. Logistics and Insurance
14. Banking
15. Striving for a Better Environment

ECONOMIC APPLICATIONS
1. Demand: Law of Demand and Determinants of Demand
2. Supply: Law of Supply and Determinants of Supply
3. Elasticity of Demand and Supply
4. Factors of Production: Land and Labour
5. Factors of Production: Capital and Entrepreneur
6. Forms of Market Structure: Basic Concepts
7. The Role of State in Economic Development
8. Public Sector Enterprises and their Privatisation
9. Money and Inflation
10. Banking Commercial Banks and Central Bank

COMMERCIAL APPLICATIONS

1. Markets and Marketing

2. Marketing Mix- 4 P’s
3. Advertising and Brand Promotion
4. Sales and Selling Process
5. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP)

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 6. Financial Accounting and Reporting
7. Banking and Bank transactions
8. Fundamental Concepts of Cost
9. Importance of Human Resources
10. Recruitment. Selection and Training
11. Public Relations
12. Issues of the Environment

COMPUTER APPLICATIONS

1. Introduction to Object Oriented Programming concepts

2. Introduction to Java
3. Elementary concept of Objects and Classes
4. Values and Data types
5. Operators in Java
6. Input in Java
7. Mathematical Library Methods
8. Conditional constructs in Java
9. Iterative constructs in Java
10. Nested Loops
11. Class as basis of all Computation
12. User-defined Methods
13. Constructors
14. Using Library classes
15. Encapsulation
16. Arrays
17. String handling

ART APPLICATIONS

1. Still Life- Paper 1

Cubes, Cuboids, Ovals, Cylinders, Cones, Spherical and irregular shapes
Materials such as cardboard, paper, plastic (clear and opaque), steel, glass (transparent and
opaque), cloth, ceramic, wood, textured surfaces, fruit, flowers and vegetables.
2. Nature Study- Paper II
All flowers and fruits done till now (class9 and 10) including those in class work and
homework.

INDIAN DANCE

1) Natyashastra, Abhinaya and its classifications, Guru Shisya Parampara with

advantages and disadvantages.
2) Bhava and its classifications, Navarasas , Ashtanayika, Angalaxanas.
3) Dashavatar hastas, Bandhava hastas, Deva hastas, Navagraha hastas,
Samyukta and Asamyukata hastas with meaning and usage.
4) Bharatanatyam, Odissi, Kathak – History, features , repertoire, costumes ,
instruments , exponents .
5) Exponents - All classical dance forms

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6) Biographies- Guru Kelucharan Mahapatra, Pandit Birju Maharaj, Rukmini devi
Arundele.
7) Relevance of dance in today’s world and modern development of dance
8) Mythological evolution of dance
9) Short notes- Dashavatar, Karanas, Dharmis, Tandav and Lasya, Hasya and its
classifications, Ashtapadi, Ganesha, Shiva, Durga, Vishnu, Brahma
10) Objectives related to mythology, exponents , dance forms and mudras.
11) Classical and Folk dances, Nritta, natya and Nritta , Bhava and Rasas (
Differences)
12) Vadyas ( Instruments and its classiofications)
Practical- Dhamar , Teentaal, Gatbhav and ganesh Vandana.

DRAMA

1. Use of people (Actor-professional and ameature,director, stage manager, prop manager,

technician etc) space and conflict in drama.
2. Elements of drama.
3. Origin of Theatre (Natyashastra and Western)
4. The function of the director.
5. The actor – basic technique (Stage positions; Body positions used by actors - in relation
to the audience and to other actors; Turns and gestures; Movement and approaches;
Entering and exiting; Handling of properties), body, voice and role.
6. The stage – its various parts and different types of staging.
7. Folk theatre
8. Puppetry
9. Street Theatre
10. Theatrical Terms: Curtain calls, auditions, standing ovation, audience. Adlibbing,
choreography, soliloquy,aside,mime,pantomime,teasers,tormentors,grand drape etc
11. Elements of design
12. Composition, picturisation, movement, rhythm,tempo,arc and dramatization.
13. Literature: Pygmalion, Galileo, A Doll’s House, Antigone.
14. Improvisations
15. Use of the stage and emphasis through set design, positions, compositions and
movement; Blocking and its relation to the composition.
16. Acting Techniques (Stanislavski and Miesner)
17. The production process; Rehearsals.
18. Equipment - from auditorium to backstage; Sets (including parts of stage equipment used
in a set); Properties.
19. Lighting and sound – equipment, types and design.
20. Costumes and make-up (functions, designs,types etc).
21. Stage management.
22. Different types of staging and their effect on technical aspects of a production.

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 HINDUSTANI MUSIC

1. (a) Non-detail terms: Sangeet; two main systems of Indian music; Naad, Saptak;
Thaat;Alankar; Raga, Janak-janya Ragas and Ashray raga; Vadi, samvadi, Anuvadi,
Vivadi;Aroha, Avroha, Pakad; Chal and Achal Swara. Sthayi, Antara; Taan, Alaap; Matra,
Vibhag, Taal, Avartan, Sam, Tali, Khali, Theka; Thah (Barabar or Ekgun), Dugun,
Chaugun.
Sound (Dhwani), Meend, Kan (Sparsha Swar), Gamak, Khatka,Tigun, Tappa, Thumri,
Poorvang, Uttrang, Poorva Raag & Uttar Raga.

(b) Detailed topics: Swara (Shudh and Vikrit Swaras), Jati Odava,Shadava,sampoorna),
Laya (Vilambit, Madhya, Drut), Varna (Sthai, Arohi, Avrohi, Sanchari), Forms of Geet
(Swarmalika, Lakshangeet, Khyaal {Bada Khyaal& Chota Khyaal}), Dhrupad.
Nad, Three qualities of Nad (Volume, Pitch, Timbre); Shruti and placement of twelve
Swaras; Dhrupad & Dhamar; Relationship between Vadi Swar and Time of singing Raga.
2. Description of Ten Ragas mentioned under ‘practical’ --- their Thaat, Jaati, Vaadi-
Samvadi, Swaras (Varjit and Vikrit), Aroh Avroh, Pakad, Time of Raga & Similar Raga.
3. Description of Ten Taals mentioned under ‘practical’.
4. , Writing them in Thah, Dugun and Chogun Taal Notations.
5. Knowledge of musical notation system of Pt. V.N Bhatkhande (Swara and Taal lipi),
writing chota Khyal,Bada Khyaal, Swarmalika and Lakshangeet, Dhrupad ( only Sthayi and
Antara in musical notation.
6. Identification of ragas with the help of given short Swara-vistar.
7. Life and contribution in brief of Tansen, Pt V.N. Bhatkhande, Amir Khusro and Pt Vishnu
Digambar Paluskar.
8. A brief description of four eminent vocalist (Present or recent past)
9. Names of different parts (Components) of the Taanpura with the help of a simple sketch.
Tuning and handling of the instrument.
10. Taal- Teen Taal, Dadra Taal, Roopak Taal, Keherawa Taal, Ek Taal, CharTaal, Jhap Taal,
Tilwada Taal, Dhamar & Dheepchandi ( Chanchar).
11. Raag—Yaman, Khamaj, Kaafi, Bhairavi, Alhaiya bilawal, Bhairav, Bhoopali, Desh,
Bageshwari, Maulkauns.
12. Alankaar—Three Alankaars in Teen Taal, Jhap Taal and Dadra Taal each.
TABLA
1. (a) Non-detail terms: Matra, Taal,Vibhag; Sam; Tali, Khali, Avartan, Theka, Kayada,
Palta, Tihai, Mohra, Mukhada, Tukda, Kismen (varieties of Theka) and Peshkara. non-detail
terms: Names of 10 Pranas, AadiLaya (Only in Dadra and Keharwa), Lehra (Nagma),
Paran, Uthan, Chakkardar Tukda, Dumdar and Bedum Tihai, Gat, Padhant,

(b) Detailed topic: Laya (Vilambit, Madhya and Drut), Layakari (Thah, Dugun, Tigun and
Chaugun), Origin and development of Tabla, Basic 10 Varnas (Syllables) of Tabla, Taal
Jaati System, Solo and Sangat.
2. Brief description of four eminent percussionist (present or recent past).

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3. Writing in Taal notation, Thekas, in Thah, Dugun, Tigun and Chaugun, of all Taals learnt
in Class IX and X.
4. Names of different parts (components) of the Tabla with the help of a simple sketch.
Tuining of the instrument.
5. Identification of Taals (a few bol combinations given) of Classes IX and X. .
6. Basic knowledge of: Sangeet, Swara and Saptak,
7. Playing of Thekas of the following six Taals with development: two kaayadas and its four
paltas with tihai in Teentaal, One tukda in each Jhaptaal and Ektaal, one paran in chaartaal,
two kismen each in Dadra and KeharwaTaal.
8. Accompaniment (Sangat) in Taals (Dadra and Keharwa).
9.Teen taal, new Kayda with its 4 palta with tehayi, 1 rela, 1 chakradhar tukda, 1 dhamaar,
1 bedam tehai Roopak taal: 1 tehayi, Sool taal: 1 tehayi Teevra taal: 1 paran Deepchandi
taal Telwada taal Lehra (Nagma) Paran Uthan Chakardar Tukda Damdar BedumTihai Gat
Padhant
PRACTICAL 1. Technique of producing bols on Tabla like Tirkit, Kran, etc. 2.
Development of following Taals: Teental – 1 uthan, 2 new kaydas and its 4 paltas with tihai,
1 Rela, 1 Chakardaar Tukda, 1 Damdar and Bedam Tihai, Roopak – 1 Tihai, Sooltaal – 1
Tihai, Teevra Taal – 1 Paran, Deepchandi Taal, Tilwada Taal (only Theka). 3. Padhant
(Reciting)- Thekas of all Taals of Class IX and X.

PHYSICAL EDUCATION

1. Human Growth and Development.

2. Physical Education.
3. Body Types.
4. Physical Education.
5. Sports Training.
6. Safety in Sports.
7. Health Education.
8. Career in Physical Education.
9. Rules an Regulation of Basketball.
10. Rules and Regulation of Football

COOKERY

1. Choice and cost of seasonal foods: merits and intelligent use of convenience foods
2. Meal planning and balanced diets: use of five food groups as suggested by ICMR
3. Therapeutic diets and planning meals
4. Food preservation and storage
5. Kitchen planning
6. Kitchen hygiene
7. Kitchen equipment

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TECHNICAL DRAWING APPLICATIONS

1. Scales
2. Geometrical Constructions
3. Engineering Curves
4. Projections of Solids
5. Sections of Solids
6. Development of Solids
7. Auxilliary Projections
8. Orthographic Projections
9. Sectional Orthographic Projections
10. Isometric Projections
11. Oblique Projections
12. Missing Views

MASS MEDIA AND COMMUNICATION

13. Chapter 1 : Communication

14. Chapter 2 : Print Media And Design
15. Chapter 3 : Photography
16. Chapter 4 : Television
17. Chapter 5 : Integrated Marketing Communication

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