Here are 100 multiple-choice questions (MCQs) related to the electrical and technical field,

particularly focused on topics relevant to WAPDA (Water and Power Development Authority) and
general electrical engineering concepts. Each question is followed by the correct answer.

### 1. What is the unit of electric current?

a) Volt
b) Ohm
c) Ampere
d) Watt
*Answer:* c) Ampere

### 2. What is Ohm's Law?

a) V = IR
b) P = VI
c) I = V/R
d) Both a and c
*Answer:* d) Both a and c

### 3. What is the main function of a transformer?

a) To convert AC to DC
b) To step up or step down voltage
c) To increase current
d) To decrease current
*Answer:* b) To step up or step down voltage

### 4. What does a capacitor store?

a) Energy in the form of an electric field
b) Energy in the form of a magnetic field
c) Electric charge
d) Both a and c
*Answer:* d) Both a and c

### 5. What is the unit of power?

a) Joule
b) Watt
c) Coulomb
d) Volt
*Answer:* b) Watt

### 6. Which material is commonly used for electrical wiring?

a) Silver
b) Aluminum
c) Copper
d) Gold
*Answer:* c) Copper

### 7. The frequency of the AC supply in Pakistan is:

a) 50 Hz
b) 60 Hz
c) 45 Hz
d) 100 Hz
*Answer:* a) 50 Hz

### 8. What is the main purpose of circuit breakers?

a) To increase voltage
b) To protect circuits from overload
c) To reduce current
d) To step up the current
*Answer:* b) To protect circuits from overload

### 9. Which instrument is used to measure electric current?

a) Voltmeter
b) Ammeter
c) Ohmmeter
d) Wattmeter
*Answer:* b) Ammeter

### 10. The unit of electric resistance is:

a) Volt
b) Ohm
c) Watt
d) Farad
*Answer:* b) Ohm

### 11. What is the color code for a live wire in domestic wiring?
a) Blue
b) Green
c) Red
d) Black
*Answer:* c) Red

### 12. In an electric circuit, which of the following is used to oppose the flow of current?
a) Capacitor
b) Resistor
c) Inductor
d) Transformer
*Answer:* b) Resistor

### 13. Which type of current is supplied to homes and industries?

a) Direct current (DC)
b) Alternating current (AC)
c) Pulsating current
d) Static current
*Answer:* b) Alternating current (AC)

### 14. What does the term “short circuit” mean?

a) Low resistance path
b) Open circuit
c) High resistance path
d) None of the above
*Answer:* a) Low resistance path

### 15. The standard voltage supply in Pakistan is:

a) 120 V
b) 220 V
c) 330 V
d) 440 V
*Answer:* b) 220 V

### 16. What is the role of a fuse in an electrical circuit?

a) To regulate voltage
b) To protect the circuit by breaking the connection during a fault
c) To step down the current
d) To step up the current
*Answer:* b) To protect the circuit by breaking the connection during a fault

### 17. The electric power formula is:

a) P = VI
b) P = V²/R
c) P = I²R
d) All of the above
*Answer:* d) All of the above

### 18. Which of the following is a non-conductor of electricity?

a) Copper
b) Aluminum
c) Glass
d) Silver
*Answer:* c) Glass

### 19. A device that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy is called:
a) Transformer
b) Generator
c) Motor
d) Rectifier
*Answer:* b) Generator

### 20. What is the purpose of earthing in an electrical system?

a) To increase current
b) To provide a path to ground for leakage current
c) To reduce voltage
d) To stabilize the voltage supply
*Answer:* b) To provide a path to ground for leakage current

### 21. The unit of capacitance is:

a) Ohm
b) Farad
c) Watt
d) Volt
*Answer:* b) Farad

### 22. What is the typical efficiency range of a power transformer?

a) 50-60%
b) 80-90%
c) 95-99%
d) 60-70%
*Answer:* c) 95-99%

### 23. The function of an alternator is to:

a) Produce DC voltage
b) Produce AC voltage
c) Step down voltage
d) Step up voltage
*Answer:* b) Produce AC voltage

### 24. The full form of LED is:

a) Light Emitting Diode
b) Low Energy Diode
c) Light Efficiency Device
d) Long Emission Diode
*Answer:* a) Light Emitting Diode
### 25. The relationship between frequency (f), inductance (L), and reactance (X) is:
a) X = 2πfL
b) X = fL
c) X = L/f
d) X = πfL
*Answer:* a) X = 2πfL

### 26. The primary winding of a transformer is connected to:

a) Load
b) Source
c) Ground
d) Both load and ground
*Answer:* b) Source

### 27. Which component is used to store charge in a circuit?

a) Resistor
b) Inductor
c) Capacitor
d) Diode
*Answer:* c) Capacitor

### 28. The main advantage of alternating current (AC) over direct current (DC) is:
a) AC is more stable
b) AC can be transmitted over long distances with less power loss
c) AC is cheaper to produce
d) AC is easier to store
*Answer:* b) AC can be transmitted over long distances with less power loss

### 29. Which device is used to convert AC to DC?

a) Rectifier
b) Transformer
c) Inverter
d) Inductor
*Answer:* a) Rectifier

### 30. Which law states that the total voltage around a closed circuit loop is equal to the sum of the
voltage drops?
a) Ohm's Law
b) Kirchhoff's Voltage Law
c) Coulomb's Law
d) Faraday's Law
*Answer:* b) Kirchhoff's Voltage Law

### 31. The power factor of a purely resistive circuit is:

a) 0
b) 1
c) -1
d) 0.5
*Answer:* b) 1

### 32. Which type of energy is converted by a motor?

a) Electrical to mechanical
b) Mechanical to electrical
c) Electrical to chemical
d) Chemical to electrical
*Answer:* a) Electrical to mechanical
### 33. The efficiency of a DC motor is:
a) Pout/Pin
b) Pin/Pout
c) (Pout + Pin)/2
d) None of the above
*Answer:* a) Pout/Pin

### 34. What is the use of a step-down transformer?

a) To increase voltage
b) To decrease voltage
c) To increase current
d) Both b and c
*Answer:* d) Both b and c

### 35. Which of the following is a semiconductor?

a) Copper
b) Aluminum
c) Silicon
d) Glass
*Answer:* c) Silicon

### 36. Which of the following is used to control the speed of a DC motor?
a) Resistor
b) Capacitor
c) Rheostat
d) Inductor
*Answer:* c) Rheostat

### 37. The dielectric material in a capacitor is used to:

a) Conduct electricity
b) Store magnetic energy
c) Increase the capacitance
d) Protect against short circuits
*Answer:* c) Increase the capacitance

### 38. What is the primary function of a relay in an electrical circuit?

a) Amplify current
b) Open or close a circuit based on external signals
c) Convert AC to DC
d) Convert electrical energy into mechanical energy
*Answer:* b) Open or close a circuit based on external signals

### 39. Which of the following quantities is scalar?

a) Electric current
b) Electric field
c) Magnetic field
d) Force
*Answer:* a) Electric current

### 40. In an electric circuit, what is the opposition to the flow of alternating current called?
a) Resistance
b) Inductance
c) Reactance
d) Impedance
*Answer:* d) Impedance
### 41. The unit of magnetic flux is:
a) Weber
b) Tesla
c) Coulomb
d) Henry
*Answer:* a) Weber

### 42. The purpose of a diode is to:

a) Conduct electricity in one direction only
b) Conduct electricity in both directions
c) Store electric charge
d) Step up voltage
*Answer:* a) Conduct electricity in one direction only

### 43. What is the formula for electrical energy consumed?

a) P = VI
b) W = Pt
c) I = V/R
d) V = IR
*Answer:* b) W = Pt

### 44. Which of the following is an insulating material?

a) Copper
b) Silver
c) Rubber
d) Aluminum
*Answer:* c) Rubber

### 45. In a three-phase system, the power factor is improved using:

a) Resistors
b) Capacitors
c) Transformers
d) Inductors
*Answer:* b) Capacitors

### 46. What type of motor is commonly used in household appliances like refrigerators?
a) DC motor
b) Stepper motor
c) Induction motor
d) Servo motor
*Answer:* c) Induction motor

### 47. The relationship between voltage (V), charge (Q), and capacitance (C) is:
a) V = Q/C
b) Q = VC
c) C = Q/V
d) Both b and c
*Answer:* d) Both b and c

### 48. What is the typical voltage of a single-phase power supply in Pakistan?
a) 110 V
b) 220 V
c) 440 V
d) 600 V
*Answer:* b) 220 V

### 49. Which of the following components opposes changes in current?

a) Resistor
b) Inductor
c) Capacitor
d) Diode
*Answer:* b) Inductor

### 50. The efficiency of an ideal transformer is:

a) 0%
b) 50%
c) 90%
d) 100%
*Answer:* d) 100%

### 51. A fuse is placed in which part of a circuit?

a) Neutral line
b) Ground line
c) Live line
d) Both live and neutral lines
*Answer:* c) Live line

### 52. Which of the following instruments is used to measure voltage?

a) Ammeter
b) Voltmeter
c) Ohmmeter
d) Wattmeter
*Answer:* b) Voltmeter

### 53. In a three-phase system, the voltage between any two phase lines is:
a) Line voltage
b) Phase voltage
c) Neutral voltage
d) Ground voltage
*Answer:* a) Line voltage

### 54. The symbol for resistance is represented by:

a) R
b) I
c) C
d) V
*Answer:* a) R

### 55. Which of the following is a passive component?

a) Transistor
b) Resistor
c) Transformer
d) Rectifier
*Answer:* b) Resistor

### 56. Which type of transformer is used in substations for transmission purposes?
a) Step-up transformer
b) Step-down transformer
c) Auto-transformer
d) Isolation transformer
*Answer:* a) Step-up transformer

### 57. What is the effect of increasing temperature on the resistance of a conductor?
a) Decreases
b) Increases
c) Remains constant
d) None of the above
*Answer:* b) Increases

### 58. The relationship between magnetic flux density (B), force (F), and current (I) is given by:
a) F = BIL
b) F = I²/R
c) F = B²/R
d) F = V/I
*Answer:* a) F = BIL

: ### 59. The ideal power factor of a purely inductive circuit is:
a) 1
b) 0
c) 0.5
d) -1
*Answer:* b) 0

### 60. The armature of a DC motor rotates due to the interaction between:
a) Electric field and charge
b) Electric current and magnetic field
c) Magnetic flux and capacitance
d) Electric potential and resistance
*Answer:* b) Electric current and magnetic field

### 61. What happens when the current in an inductor suddenly stops?
a) Voltage across the inductor drops to zero
b) A high voltage spike is produced
c) Magnetic field remains constant
d) Inductor starts to store charge
*Answer:* b) A high voltage spike is produced

### 62. The primary function of an electrical insulator is to:

a) Conduct electricity
b) Store charge
c) Prevent the flow of electricity
d) Step up voltage
*Answer:* c) Prevent the flow of electricity

### 63. Which component is used to block DC and pass AC?

a) Capacitor
b) Resistor
c) Diode
d) Inductor
*Answer:* a) Capacitor

### 64. Which material is used in the core of a transformer to reduce eddy current losses?
a) Aluminum
b) Copper
c) Iron with silicon
d) Gold
*Answer:* c) Iron with silicon

### 65. A Zener diode is primarily used for:

a) Rectification
b) Voltage regulation
c) Amplification
d) Oscillation
*Answer:* b) Voltage regulation

### 66. In a purely capacitive AC circuit, the current:

a) Leads the voltage by 90 degrees
b) Lags the voltage by 90 degrees
c) Is in phase with the voltage
d) Is zero
*Answer:* a) Leads the voltage by 90 degrees

### 67. What is the function of a rectifier?

a) Convert DC to AC
b) Convert AC to DC
c) Step up voltage
d) Store electrical charge
*Answer:* b) Convert AC to DC

### 68. The SI unit of inductance is:

a) Farad
b) Henry
c) Ohm
d) Coulomb
*Answer:* b) Henry

### 69. Which of the following is a type of alternating current (AC) generator?
a) Dynamo
b) Transformer
c) Induction motor
d) Alternator
*Answer:* d) Alternator

### 70. Which type of circuit allows the current to have multiple paths?
a) Series circuit
b) Parallel circuit
c) Short circuit
d) Open circuit
*Answer:* b) Parallel circuit

### 71. The function of a capacitor in an AC circuit is to:

a) Reduce resistance
b) Store electric energy
c) Block direct current
d) Both b and c
*Answer:* d) Both b and c

### 72. The symbol "I" represents:

a) Voltage
b) Current
c) Power
d) Resistance
*Answer:* b) Current

### 73. The unit of electrical energy consumed by appliances is:

a) Joules
b) Watts
c) Kilowatt-hours
d) Ampere-hours
*Answer:* c) Kilowatt-hours

### 74. Which of the following devices is used to step up or step down voltage levels in an electrical
system?
a) Transformer
b) Rectifier
c) Inductor
d) Resistor
*Answer:* a) Transformer

### 75. The ideal efficiency of a solar cell is:

a) 50%
b) 100%
c) 15-20%
d) 5%
*Answer:* c) 15-20%

### 76. The SI unit of magnetic field strength is:

a) Weber
b) Tesla
c) Henry
d) Joule
*Answer:* b) Tesla

### 77. Which of the following is used to measure resistance?

a) Voltmeter
b) Ammeter
c) Ohmmeter
d) Wattmeter
*Answer:* c) Ohmmeter

### 78. Electrical power is typically transmitted over long distances at:
a) High voltage
b) Low voltage
c) High current
d) Low current
*Answer:* a) High voltage
### 79. A step-up transformer increases:
a) Current
b) Voltage
c) Power
d) Frequency
*Answer:* b) Voltage

### 80. What is the purpose of a choke coil in a fluorescent lamp?

a) To increase current
b) To limit the current
c) To step up the voltage
d) To rectify the current
*Answer:* b) To limit the current

### 81. Which of the following devices converts electrical energy into mechanical energy?
a) Transformer
b) Generator
c) Motor
d) Rectifier
*Answer:* c) Motor

### 82. The ratio of output power to input power of a machine is called:
a) Power factor
b) Efficiency
c) Load factor
d) Voltage regulation
*Answer:* b) Efficiency

### 83. The instrument used to measure electric power is:

a) Voltmeter
b) Ammeter
c) Wattmeter
d) Ohmmeter
*Answer:* c) Wattmeter

### 84. The voltage regulation of a transformer is defined as the change in:
a) Voltage from primary to secondary
b) Voltage from no-load to full-load
c) Voltage from input to output
d) None of the above
*Answer:* b) Voltage from no-load to full-load

### 85. The electric field inside a conductor in electrostatic equilibrium is:
a) Zero
b) Infinite
c) Constant
d) Variable
*Answer:* a) Zero

### 86. What is the efficiency of an ideal electrical device?

a) 100%
b) 90%
c) 50%
d) 0%
*Answer:* a) 100%

### 87. The force between two charges is inversely proportional to:
a) The product of the charges
b) The square of the distance between them
c) The sum of the charges
d) The distance between the charges
*Answer:* b) The square of the distance between them

### 88. Which of the following components has a negative temperature coefficient of resistance?
a) Conductor
b) Semiconductor
c) Superconductor
d) Insulator
*Answer:* b) Semiconductor

### 89. In a series circuit, the total resistance is:

a) Equal to the resistance of the smallest resistor
b) Equal to the resistance of the largest resistor
c) The sum of all resistances
d) The reciprocal of
[10:49 am, 05/09/2024] Ishaq: ### 89. In a series circuit, the total resistance is:
a) Equal to the resistance of the smallest resistor
b) Equal to the resistance of the largest resistor
c) The sum of all resistances
d) The reciprocal of all resistances
*Answer:* c) The sum of all resistances

### 90. The function of an inductor in an AC circuit is to:

a) Store energy in the form of an electric field
b) Store energy in the form of a magnetic field
c) Block DC current
d) Both b and c
*Answer:* d) Both b and c

### 91. In a parallel circuit, the total current is:

a) Equal to the current through the smallest resistor
b) The sum of the currents through each branch
c) The reciprocal of the sum of the resistances
d) The same as the voltage across the resistors
*Answer:* b) The sum of the currents through each branch

### 92. The unit of electric charge is:

a) Volt
b) Coulomb
c) Ampere
d) Ohm
*Answer:* b) Coulomb

### 93. The function of a diode in a rectifier circuit is to:

a) Allow current in both directions
b) Block current in both directions
c) Allow current in one direction only
d) Regulate voltage
*Answer:* c) Allow current in one direction only

### 94. The energy stored in a capacitor is given by:

a) \( W = \frac{1}{2}CV^2 \)
b) \( W = CV \)
c) \( W = V/I \)
d) \( W = VI \)
*Answer:* a) \( W = \frac{1}{2}CV^2 \)

### 95. What is the typical power factor of a residential electrical load?
a) 0.5
b) 0.7
c) 0.85
d) 1
*Answer:* c) 0.85

### 96. Which of the following is a characteristic of superconductors?

a) Infinite resistance
b) Zero resistance
c) High capacitance
d) High resistance
*Answer:* b) Zero resistance

### 97. The electric potential difference between two points in an electric circuit is known as:
a) Current
b) Voltage
c) Power
d) Resistance
*Answer:* b) Voltage

### 98. Which of the following motors is typically used in fans and blowers?
a) DC motor
b) Stepper motor
c) Synchronous motor
d) Single-phase induction motor
*Answer:* d) Single-phase induction motor

### 99. In a three-phase system, the phase voltage is:

a) Higher than the line voltage
b) Equal to the line voltage
c) Lower than the line voltage
d) Zero
*Answer:* c) Lower than the line voltage

### 100. The device used to protect electrical appliances from voltage spikes is:
a) Transformer
b) Circuit breaker
c) Surge protector
d) Fuse
*Answer:* c) Surge protector