Lecturer in Mathematics Basic Science Division World University of Bangladesh Lecture Outcomes
Mathematical Linear Differential Problems of case 1 Equations with Constant Coefficient Mathematical Problems of case 2 Linear Differential Equation with Constant Coefficient
Auxiliary equation: The Auxiliary equation of 𝑛𝑡ℎ order differential equation be
𝑚𝑛 + 𝐴1 𝑚𝑛−1 + 𝐴2 𝑚𝑛−2 + 𝐴3 𝑚𝑛−3 + ⋯ + 𝐴𝑛 = 0
Case 1: When all the roots of A.E are real and unequal: If 𝑚1 , 𝑚2 , 𝑚3 … … 𝑚𝑛 are real and unequal roots of the A.E then the general solution is
𝑦 = 𝑐1 𝑒 𝑚1𝑥 + 𝑐2 𝑒 𝑚2𝑥 + 𝑐3 𝑒 𝑚3𝑥 + ⋯ + 𝑐𝑛 𝑒 𝑚𝑛𝑥
Case 2: When all the roots of A.E are real but some are equal: If 𝑚1 , 𝑚2 , 𝑚3 … … 𝑚𝑛 are real and unequal roots of the A.E then the general solution is
𝑑2 𝑦 𝑑𝑦 Ex. Solve the differential equation + 4 𝑑𝑥 + 4𝑦 = 0. 𝑑𝑥 2 Solution: Given that, 𝑑2𝑦 𝑑𝑦 +4 + 4𝑦 = 0 … … … (1) 𝑑𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 The auxiliary equation of (1) is 𝑚2 + 4𝑚 + 4 = 0 𝑜𝑟, 𝑚2 + 2𝑚 + 2𝑚 + 4 = 0 𝑜𝑟, 𝑚 𝑚+2 +2 𝑚+2 =0 𝑜𝑟, 𝑚+2 𝑚+2 =0 ∴ 𝑚 = −2, −2 The general solution is 𝑦 = 𝑐1 + 𝑥𝑐2 𝑒 −2𝑥 “None of you can be a true believer until he wishes for his brother what he wishes for himself.” -Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him)
