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Dr. Sudhir Chandra Sur Institute of Technology and Sports Complex

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29 views4 pages

Dr. Sudhir Chandra Sur Institute of Technology and Sports Complex

Uploaded by

imyoursachin13
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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DR.

SUDHIR CHANDRA SUR


INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND
SPORTS COMPLEX

Continuous Assessment 2

REPORT

Topic: Functional Unit of Computers


Subject: Computer Organization
Subject Code: PCC-CS302

NAME: SACHIN KUMAR SINGH


UNIVERSITY ROLL NO.: 25500123122
REGISTRATION NO.: 232550110272
STREAM: COMPUTER SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
SEMESTER: 3RD (2ND YR)
SECTION: B
GROUP: B
Functional Units of a Computer

A computer is an electronic device that accepts data,


performs operations, displays results, and stores the data
or results as needed. It is a combination of hardware and
software resources that integrate and provide various
functionalities to the user. Hardware is the physical
components of a computer, such as a processor, memory
devices, monitor, keyboard, etc., while software is a set of
programs or instructions that are required by the
hardware resources to function properly.
Input Unit :

The input unit consists of input devices that are attached to the computer.
These devices take input and convert it into binary language that the
computer understands. Some of the common input devices are keyboard,
mouse, joystick, scanner etc.

● The Input Unit is formed by attaching one or more input devices to a

computer.

● A user input data and instructions through input devices such as a

keyboard, mouse, etc.

● The input unit is used to provide data to the processor for further

processing.

Output Unit :

The output unit consists of output devices that are attached to the computer.
It converts the binary data coming from the CPU to human understandable
form. The common output devices are monitor, printer, plotter, etc.

● The output unit displays or prints the processed data in a user-friendly

format.

● The output unit is formed by attaching the output devices of a computer.

● The output unit accepts the information from the CPU and displays it in a

user-readable form.
Central Processing Unit (CPU)

A Central Processing Unit is the most important component of a computer


system. A CPU is hardware that performs data input/output, processing, and
storage functions for a computer system. The CPU has three main
components, which are responsible for different functions: Arithmetic Logic
Unit (ALU), Control Unit (CU) and Memory Unit (MU).

1. Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU):

The ALU performs arithmetic and logical operations on data,


such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.

● Arithmetic Logical Unit is the main component of the CPU


● It is the fundamental building block of the CPU.

2. Control Unit (CU):

The CU manages the flow of instructions and coordinates the


various components of the CPU to ensure efficient operation.

● The Control Unit is a component of the central processing unit of a


computer that directs the operation of the processor.
● It instructs the computer’s memory, arithmetic and logic unit, and input
and output devices on how to respond to the processor’s instructions.

3. Memory Unit (MU):

The MU stores data and instructions, providing the CPU with


the necessary information to execute tasks.

● The Memory Unit is the primary storage of the computer.


● It stores both data and instructions.
● Data and instructions are stored permanently in this unit so that they
are available whenever required.

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