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Class 11 Introduction To Python CS IP

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584 views40 pages

Class 11 Introduction To Python CS IP

Uploaded by

RASIK LATEEF
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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In today's session:

Getting Started with Python

• Introduction to Python
• Python Keywords
• Identifiers
• Comments
• Data Types
• Operators
• Expressions
• Statement
• Input and Output
• Type Conversion
• Debugging

• Practice!
UNIT RDBMS:
Data
manupulation
using SQL

@aakash7.7
Introduction to python

• A program written in a high-level language is called source code.

• An interpreter processes the program statements one by one,


first translating and then executing.
Introduction to python

• A program written in a high-level language is called source code.

• An interpreter processes the program statements one by one,


first translating and then executing.

• Python uses an interpreter to convert its instructions into


machine language, so that it can be understood by the computer.

• This process is continued until an error is encountered or the


whole program is executed successfully
Features of Python

• It is an interpreted language, as Python programs are executed


by an interpreter.

• Python programs are easy to understand as they have a clearly


defined syntax and relatively simple structure.

• Python is case-sensitive. For example, NUMBER and number are


not same in Python.
Features of Python

• Python is portable and platform independent, means it can run


on various operating systems and hardware platforms.

• Python has a rich library of predefined functions.

• Python is also helpful in web development.

• Python uses indentation for blocks and nested blocks


Working with Python

• To write and run (execute) a Python program, we need to have a


Python interpreter installed on our computer or we can use any
online Python interpreter.

Script Mode:
• In this mode source code is stored in a file with the .py extension
and use the interpreter to execute the contents of the file.

• To execute the script by the interpreter, you have to tell the


interpreter the name of the file.
Python keywords

• Reserved words in the library of a language. There are


33 keywords in python.

• All the keywords are in lowercase except 03 keywords


(True, False, None)
Identifiers

• The name given by the user to the entities like


variable name etc.
Variables

• Variable in Python refers to an object — an item


or element that is stored in the memory.

• A variable in a program is uniquely identified by a name


(identifier).
Comments

• Comments are not executed.

• Comments explain a program and make a program


understandable and readable.

• Comments start with #


Data Types

• List is a sequence of items : [5, "Sanjana", "11C", 45]

• Tuple is a sequence of items : (10, 20, "Apple", 3.4, 'a')

• Dictionary holds data items in key-value pairs {'Fruit' : 'Apple', 'Price' : 120}
Data Types
Operators : Arithmetic
Operators: Relational
Operators: Assignment
Operators: Logical
Operators: Identity
Operators: Membership
Expressions
• An expression is defined as a combination of constants,
variables, and operators.

• An expression always evaluates to a value

• (20 + 30) * 40

• 3.0 + 3.14

• "Global" + "Citizen"
Statement
• In Python, a statement is a unit of code that the Python
interpreter can execute

• x=4

• cube = x ** 3

• print (x, cube)


Input and Output
• The input() function prompts the user to enter data. It accepts all
user input as string.

• fname = input("Enter your first name: ")

• Enter your first name: Aakash

• age = input("Enter your age: ")

• Enter your age: 19

• print()
Type Conversion
• Consider the following program

num1 = input("Enter a number and I'll double it: ")

num1 = num1 * 2

print(num1)

• The program was expected to display double the value of the


number received and store in variable num1.
Type Conversion : Explicit
Type Conversion : Explicit
Type Conversion : Implicit
Debugging

• A programmer can make mistakes while writing a program, and


hence, the program may not execute or may generate wrong
output.

• The process of identifying and removing such mistakes, also


known as bugs or errors, from a program is called debugging.
Debugging:
Syntax Errors:

• The interpreter interprets the statements only if it is syntactically


(as per the rules of Python) correct.

• X = (10 + 12)

• Y = (7 + 11
Debugging:
Logical Errors:

• Logical errors are also called semantic errors as they occur when
the meaning of the program (its semantics) is not correct

• Average of two numbers: (a+b)/2

• Logical Error: a+b/2


Debugging:
Runtime Errors:

• A runtime error causes abnormal termination of program while


it is executing.

• Runtime errors do not appear until after the program starts


running or executing.

A = 10

B=0

Print(A/B)
Practice:
Practice:
1. What is the difference between a keyword and an identifier?

• Keyword is a pre-defined word that has a special meaning and


purpose. Keywords are reserved and are few. For example : if,
else, elif etc.

• Identifier is the user-defined name given to a part of a program


like variable, object, functions etc.

• Identifiers are not reserved. These are defined by the user but
they can have letters, digits and a symbols underscore.
Practice:
2. Which of the following identifier names are invalid and why?
Practice:
3. Write logical expressions corresponding to the following
statements in Python and evaluate the expressions.

• The sum of 20 and –10 is less than 12.

• num3 is not more than 24

• 6.75 is between the values of integers num1 and num2.

• The string ‘middle’ is larger than the string ‘first’ and smaller
than the string ‘last’

• List Stationery is empty


Practice:
4. Add a pair of parentheses to each expression so that it
evaluates to True.

• 0 == 1 == 2

• 2 + 3 == 4 + 5 == 7

• 1 < -1 == 3 > 4
Practice:
5. Write the output of the following

num1 = 4
num2 = num1 + 1
num1 = 2
print (num1, num2)

num1, num2 = 2, 6
num1, num2 = num2, num1 + 2
print (num1, num2)

num1, num2 = 2, 3
num3, num2 = num1, num3 + 1
print (num1, num2, num3)
Practice:
6. Give the output of the following when num1 = 4, num2 = 3,
num3 = 2

num1 = num1 ** (num2 + num3)


print (num1)

num1 **= num2 + num3

num1 = '5' + '5'


print(num1)

num1 = float(10)
print (num1)

print('Bye' == 'BYE')

print(10 != 9 and 20 >= 20)


Practice:
7. Categorize the following as syntax error, logical error or runtime
error:

25 / 0

num1 = 25; num2 = 0; num1 / num2


Thank you!

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