SMART DUSTBIN USING

AURDINO

ABEL SANGEETH(RA2311026010451)
ABHINAV AJITH(RA2311026010481)
NIRANJAN DAS(RA2311026010447)
 INDEX

SR NO. TITLE
1. ABSTRACT
2. INTRODUCTION
3. REQUIREMENTS
4. BLOCK DAIGRAM
5. PROCEDURE
6. CUIRCUIT DAIGRAM
7. WORKING
8. ADVANTAGES
9. DISADVANTAGES
10. CONCLUSION
ABSTRACT:-

The main objective of the project is to design a smart dustbin which will help in
keeping our environment clean and also eco friendly. Nowadays technologies are
getting smarter day-by-day so, as to clean the environment we are designing a
smart dustbin by using Arduino. This smart dustbin management system is built
on the microcontroller based system having ultrasonic sensors on the dustbin. If
dustbin is not maintained than these can cause an unhealthy environment and
can cause pollute that affect our health. In this proposed technology i have
designed a smart dustbin using ARDUINO UNO, along with ultrasonic sensor,
servo motor, and battery jumper wire.

After all hardware and software connection, now Smart Dustbin program will be
run. Dustbin lid will when someone comes near at some range than wait for user
to put garbage and close it. It’s properly running or not. For social it will help
toward health and hygiene, for business for we try to make it affordable to many
as many possible. So that normal people to rich people can take benefit from it.

INTRODUCTION:-

The rate increasing population in our country has increasing rapidly and also we
have increase in garbage which have increased environmental issue. Dustbin is a
container which collects garbage’s or stores items which recyclable or non-
recyclable, decompose and non-decompose. They are usually used in homes,
office etc, but in case they are full no one is there to clean it and the garbage are
spilled out. The surrounding of a dustbin is also conducive for increasing the
pollution level. Air pollution due to a dustbin can produce bacteria and virus
which can produce life harmful diseases for human. Therefore, we have designed
a smart dustbin using ARDUINO UNO, ultrasonic sensor which will sense the item
to be thrown in the dustbin and open the lid with the help of the motor. It is an
IOT based project that will bring a new and smart way of cleanliness. It is a decent
gadget to make your home clean, due to practically all offspring of home
consistently make it grimy and spread litter to a great extent by electronics,
rappers and various other things. Since the smart dustbin is additionally intriguing
and children make fun with it so it will help to maintain cleanliness in home. It will
be applied for various type of waste. Dustbin will open its lid when
someone/object is near at some range then it will wait for given time period than
it will close automatically. Here lid will close when you don’t want to use and it
will only open when it required.

REQUIREMENTS:-
To complete our project, we require some software as well as some hardware.

1.1. Required Software:

1. ARDUINO IDE

1.2. Required Hardware:

1. ARDUINO UNO

2. ULTRASONIC SENSOR

3. SERVO MOTOR

4. 9V BATTERY

5. DUSTBIN

6. JUMPER WIRES
BLOCK DAIGRAM :

Block daigram shows the connecting to the various block this block together the
functionally of the aurdino uno.
Use the ultrasonic sensors is used to sense and detect the object .the ultrasonic
sensor can detect the distance of any object and can also detect the movement
of it.
Opening and closing the dustbin door use the servo motor that get inputs run the
aurdino the sensor detect the object dustbin door is open.if the sensor is not
detect the object the dustbin door is a closed.
2. PROCEDURE:
SERVO MOTOR CONNECTION SETUP:

Now, let me take you through the actual setup and build process of the Smart
Dustbin using Arduino. First, I will start with the mechanism to open the lid. As
you might have already guessed, I have used a Servo Motor for this purpose. In
order to open the lid, I have fixed a small plastic tube (like an empty refill of a ball-
point pen) to the servo horn (a single ended horn) using instant glue. For this
mechanism to be able to open the lid of the dustbin, it must be placed near the
lid.

In this the actual setup of dustbin design and build the system by using Arduino.
Starting with the mechanism of opening the lid of dustbin, for this purpose Servo
motor has been used.To open the lid, I have attached a small plastic tube (like an
empty refill of a ball-point pen) to the servo horn (a single ended horn) using
instant glue.

ULTRASONIC SENSOR CONNECTING:

After successfully servo motor is placed now it’s time for sensor, so HC-SR04
Ultrasonic sensor is placed at the front of the dustbin.

WIRING UP THE COMPONENTS: The final step in the build process is to make the
necessary connections using long connecting wires as per the circuit diagram and
securing these wires so that they don’t hang around. All the wires from both the
components i.e. Ultrasonic Sensor and Servo Motor are connected to respective
pins of Arduino. This finishes up the build process of the

Smart Dustbin.InArduino Code has been submitted, and with all hardware and
software connection in Dustbin. We will run our dustbin, wait its working or not.
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

Arduino code for Smart dustbin:

#include <Servo.h>

Servo servoMain; // Define our Servo

int trigpin = 10;

int echopin = 11;

int distance;

float duration;

float cm;

void setup()

servoMain.attach(9); // servo on digital pin 10

pinMode(trigpin, OUTPUT);

pinMode(echopin, INPUT);

void loop()

digitalWrite(trigpin, LOW);

delay(2);

digitalWrite(trigpin, HIGH);

delayMicroseconds(10);

digitalWrite(trigpin, LOW);
duration = pulseIn(echopin, HIGH);

cm = (duration/58.82);

distance = cm;

if(distance<30)

servoMain.write(180); // Turn Servo back to center position (90 degrees)

delay(3000);

The circuit diagram of smart dustbin is shown in given below.Arduino Uno board
consist ATmega328 P microcontroller, it is important component of UNO board. In
this other components are present like a power supply, ultrasonic module and
servo motor etc.

The ultrasonic sensor echo pin and trigger pin is connected to pin digital pin D7
and D8. The +Vcc pin is connected to +5V supply and GND pin is connected to
ground pin of arduino Uno board. The control (PWM) pin of servo motor is
connected to digital pin D9 of arduino. Hence, servo motor is used to open the
cap of dustbin.

For this project and components used, the preset level of distance between
dustbin and hand is fixed to 40 cm.

Ultrasonic Sensor: This sensor is used in to locate the distance between the smart
dustbin and hand/object come near to it. The principle behind finding distance of
obstacle is sonar wave. It only detects obstacle when Trigger pin receive high
pulse for the period more than 10 us. When this sensor verifies the presence of
hand (obstacle) it starts to send eight cycles of ultrasonic burst at 40 KHz and then
it waits for reflected ultrasonic signal.

Ultrasonic sensor module has two drums. One of the drums is used for
transmitting the pulse of ultrasonic and the second drums are for receiving the
ultrasonic signal.

When ultrasonic detect/sense object, the echo pin of module is set high. Waiting
period of reflected pulse is completely dependent upon the location of obstacle.
When the echo signal is obtained, we can calculate the distance by using the
formula

Distance (in cm) = (duration/2) / 29.1

Fig .1 Circuit Diagram

Initially, the cap of dustbin is switched back to zero-degree position (Close) by the
servo motor. The controller keeps on monitoring the signal receive from
ultrasonic module. When ultrasonic module detects an obstacle, the controller
check if it crosses a threshold distance value set for open the cap of dustbin.

As soon as that happens, the controller triggers the servo motor when then open
the cap for limited line (as set in code part). For this system prototype set time is
given for 2 second.

Here in this project also used an ON/OFF switch, in order to activate and de-
activated the smart dustbin whenever require as per situation. A pullup resistor of
10K is connected in series of switch as shown in circuit diagram in order to solve
the de-bouncing problem.
We can also use Arduino NANO instead of Arduinouno. Do not have to change
source code because the board use identical pin for controlling servo motor,
switch and ultrasonic sensor.

The simplest part of the project smart dustbin using arduino is software part
because it is clean, simple and easy to understand. The program check the
distance had also used Servo.h” inbuilt library function for servo operation. It can
assume any value of motor rotation using

“myServo.write(angle)” function but here we had only use two state of position
(1) zero degree and (2) 1800.

3. WORKING:
After wiring and attaching all the devices and setting up to the Smart Dustbin,
now observe all the important setup whether they are well connected or
something missed.

After connection set up now next step is to submit/upload code in Arduino and
supply power to the circuit.

When system is powered ON, Arduino keeps monitoring for any things that come
near the sensor at give range.

When Ultrasonic sensor detect any object for example like hand or others, here
Arduino calculates its distance and if it less than a certain predefines value than
servo motor get activate first and with the support of the extended arm of the lid.

Lid will open for a given time than it will automatically close.
3.1 ADVANTAGES:
Following are the advantages of using Smart dustbin:

1.A reduction in the number of waste collections needed by up to 80%, resulting

in less manpower, emissions, fuel use and traffic congestion.

2. A reduction in the number of waste bins needed.

3. Maintain environment hygiene (i.e. no overflowing of waste and less

unpleasant odor).

4. It will help in bringing evolution by technology in term of cleanliness.

3.2. DISADVANTAGES:

1. The process is not always cost effective.

2.Resultant product has a short life.

3. Dustbin contains electrical wire,when liquid garbage is throw into the dustbin it
may lead to short cuircuit.

4. CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION:

Here we are going to make an evolution changes toward cleanliness. The
combination of intelligent waste monitoring and trash compaction technologies,
smart dustbins are better and shoulders above traditional garbage dustbin. It is
equipped with smart devices like sensor Arduinoetc.Lid of the dustbin will
automatically open when an object comes near to the dustbin and after certain
time period it will close the lid.
For social it will help toward health and hygiene, for business for we try to make it
affordable to many as many possible. So that normal people to rich people can
take benefit from it. Believe this will bring something changes in term of
cleanliness as well technology.So our next work will be adding one more sensor
which will sense whether our dustbin is full or not. And there will be a display will
be added so that user can notify that dustbin is full or not.