m~wPcÎ

Aa¨vq wk‡ivbvg c„ôv

cÖ_g ‡fŠZ ivwk Ges cwigvc 01
wØZxq MwZ 21

Z…Zxq ej 57

PZz_© KvR, ÿgZv I kw³ 84

cÂg c`v‡_©i Ae¯’v I Pvc 111

lô e¯‘i Dci Zv‡ci cÖfve 143

mßg Zi½ I kã 181

Aóg Av‡jvi cÖwZdjb 207

beg Av‡jvi cÖwZmiY 227

`kg w¯’i we`y¨r 258

GKv`k Pj we`y¨r 285

Øv`k we`y¨‡Zi †PŠ¤^K wµqv 323

·qv`k AvaywbK c`v_©weÁvb I B‡jKUªwbKm 344

PZz`©k Rxeb evuPv‡Z c`v_©weÁvb 363

1
 MwZ
wØZxq Aa¨vq
MwZ
GB Aa¨v‡q Avgiv Avgv‡`i MwZgq Rxe‡bi wewfbœ w`K †h¸‡jv MwZi mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z †mme wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z P‡jwQ| GKevi †f‡e
†`‡Lv, Avgiv Avgv‡`i Pvicv‡k MwZkxj KZ wKQz †`‡L _vwK| †hgb: Zzwg cÖwZw`b †h mvB‡Kj Pvwj‡q ¯‹z‡j hv”Q †mwU MwZkxj, MigKv‡j
gv_vi Dc‡i AbeiZ d¨vb Ny‡i, Avevi ‡Zvgvi eÜz †Zvgvi mvg‡b w`‡q †`Š‡o P‡j †Mj| G¸‡jv wewfbœ ai‡bi MwZi D`vniY| †Kv‡bv
GKwU e¯‘ KL‡bv †mvRv c‡_ MwZkxj nq, Avevi KL‡bv †Mvj (e„ËvKvi) c‡_ MwZkxj nq| †Lqvj K‡iv GB NUbv¸‡jv Avgv‡`i ˆ`bw›`b
Rxe‡bi mv‡_ RwoZ| GLb nq‡Zv fve‡Qv †h, Gme NUbv Avevi c`v_©weÁvb w`‡qI e¨vL¨v Kiv hvq bvwK? nu¨v, hvq| Avgv‡`i Rxe‡bi
mv‡_ N‡U hvIqv †h‡Kv‡bv Pvÿzm NUbv A_ev Ggb ÿz`ª NUbv †h¸‡jv Avgiv †Pv‡L †`L‡Z cvB bv Ggb A‡bK wKQzB c`v_©weÁv‡b Av‡jvPbv
Kiv n‡q _v‡K| ZvB Avgiv cÖwZwU welq fv‡jvfv‡e ey‡S covi †Póv Ki‡ev|

w¯’wZ Ges MwZ (Rest and Motion)

‡Zvgvi g‡b n‡Z cv‡i †h, w¯’wZ Ges MwZ Avevi Kx wRwbm? Avm‡j Avgv‡`i Pvicv‡ki mKj NUbvB GB `yB aviYvi g‡a¨ mxgve×| hLb
†Kv‡bv e¯‘ mg‡qi mv‡_ mv‡_ GK RvqMv †_‡K Ab¨ RvqMvq m‡i hvq ZLb Zv‡K MwZkxj (†hgb: iv¯Ívq PjšÍ Mvwo) e¯‘ e‡j| Avevi
mg‡qi mv‡_ m‡i bv †M‡j Zv‡K w¯’i e¯‘ e‡j (‡hgb: †Zvgvi evwo)| myZivs mg‡qi mv‡_ mv‡_ hLb †Kv‡bv e¯‘i Ae¯’v‡bi cwieZ©b N‡U,
ZLb Zv‡K MwZkxj e¯‘ Ges Zvi Ae¯’v‡K MwZ e‡j| Avi hw` mg‡qi mv‡_ mv‡_ †Kv‡bv e¯‘i Ae¯’v‡bi cwieZ©b bv N‡U, ZLb Zv‡K
w¯’i e¯‘ Ges Zvi Ae¯’v‡K w¯’wZ e‡j|
Avgiv †h evi evi ÔAe¯’vbÕ ejwQ, Avm‡j GUv Øviv Kx ‡evSvq?
Avm‡j Ae¯’vb ej‡Z eySvq, †Kv‡bv e¯‘ †Kv_vq Av‡Q| †hgb: g‡b K‡iv, †Zvgiv `yB eÜz| †Zvgv‡`i `yBR‡bi evwo `yB RvqMvq| GLb
†Zvgv‡`i `yBR‡bi evwo †_‡K ‡Zvgv‡`i ¯‹z‡ji `~iZ¡ Avjv`v wKš‘ †Zvgv‡`i ¯‹zj wVKB GKwU wbw`©ó RvqMvq Aew¯’Z| GLv‡b †Zvgv‡`i
`yBR‡bi evwo n‡”Q `ywU Avjv`v cÖm½ KvVv‡gv hvi mv‡c‡ÿ ¯‹z‡ji Ae¯’vb Avjv`v| A_©vvr Avgv‡`i Ae¯’vb ej‡Z †M‡j Aek¨B †mwU
†Kv‡bv cÖm½ KvVv‡gvi mv‡c‡ÿ ej‡Z n‡e| †Kv‡bv e¯‘i Ae¯’vb, MwZ, w¯’wZ G¸‡jv Avgiv †h we›`y A_ev wÎgvwÎK KvVv‡gvi mv‡c‡ÿ
eY©bv K‡i _vwK Zv‡K cÖm½ we›`y A_ev cÖm½ KvVv‡gv e‡j| Avm‡j cÖm½ we›`y †Kv‡bv wbw`©ó welq bq| Zywg †Zvgvi myweav gZ cÖm½ we›`y
ai‡Z cv‡iv wKš‘ †Zvgv‡K Aek¨B †mUv e‡j w`‡Z n‡e| cÖm½ we›`y w¯’i Ges MwZkxj Dfq ai‡bi n‡Z cv‡i| ‡hgb: iv¯Ívq PjšÍ Mvwo
GKwU MwZkxj cÖm½ KvVv‡gv; Ab¨w`‡K iv¯Ívq `uvwo‡q _vKv GKRb e¨w³ w¯’i cÖm½ KvVv‡gv|
GLb †Lqvj K‡iv, hw` cÖm½ we›`y w¯’i nq Z‡e Zvi mv‡c‡ÿ w¯’wZ‡K cig w¯’wZ Ges MwZ‡K cig MwZ e‡j| wKš‘ GB gnvwe‡k¦i †Kv‡bv
wKQz w¯’i bq| c„w_ex, Pvu`, M¨vjvw· mewKQz wbR wbR Ae¯’v‡b Nyi‡Q| Zvn‡j c„w_exi mg¯Í e¯‘B me©`v Nyi‡Q| myZivs GB gnvwe‡k¦ cig
MwZ ev cig w¯’wZ ej‡Z wKQzB †bB| mg¯Í MwZB Av‡cwÿK; mg¯Í w¯’wZ Av‡cwÿK|
Z‡e Avgv‡`i A‡Zv RwUjZvi `iKvi †bB| Avgiv c„w_exi †Kv‡bv e¯‘‡K cÖm½ e¯‘ wn‡m‡e a‡i wb‡q Avgv‡`i Pvicv‡ki mg¯Í MwZ ev
w¯’wZ e¨vL¨v Ki‡Z cvi‡ev|

wewfbœ cÖKvi MwZ (Different Types of Motion)

1. mij ‰iwLK MwZ (Linear Motion): ‡Kv‡bv e¯‘ hw` GKwU mij‡iLv eivei MwZkxj nq A_ev †Kv‡bv e¯‘i MwZ hw` GKwU mij
‡iLvi Dci mxgve× _v‡K Zvn‡j Zvi MwZ‡K ˆiwLK MwZ e‡j| †hgb: †mvRv c‡_ †h‡Kv‡bv wKQzi MwZB mij ‰iwLK MwZ|
2. N~Y©b MwZ (Circular Motion): †Kv‡bv e¯‘ hw` GKwU wbw`©ó we›`y †_‡K mgvb `~iZ¡ eRvq †i‡L Nyi‡Z _v‡K Zvn‡j Zvi MwZ‡K
N~Y©b MwZ e‡j| ‡hgb: ˆe`y¨wZK cvLvi MwZ, Nwoi KvUvi MwZ, Mvwoi PvKvi MwZ BZ¨vw` N~Y©b MwZ| G‡`i †ÿ‡Î N~Y©b e¯‘wU me©`v
†K›`ª †_‡K mgvb `~i‡Z¡ _v‡K|
3. Pjb MwZ (Translational Motion): †Kv‡bv e¯‘ hw` Ggbfv‡e Pj‡Z _v‡K hv‡Z e¯‘i mKj KYv GKB mg‡q GKB w`‡K mgvb
`~iZ¡ AwZµg K‡i Zvn‡j H MwZ‡K Pjb MwZ e‡j| ‡hgb: †Uwe‡j †Zvgvi c`v_©weÁvb eB‡K †mvRv †V‡j w`‡j Zvi MwZ n‡e Pjb
MwZ| KviY eB‡qi cÖwZwU Ask GKB mv‡_ GKB w`‡K mgvbfv‡e m‡i †M‡Q| Z‡e Pjb MwZ †h †mvRv c‡_B n‡Z n‡e Ggb †Kv‡bv
eva¨evaKZv †bB| wKš‘ eµc‡_ Pjb MwZ cvIqv LyeB KóKi| ‡f‡e †`L, †mvRv c‡_ Pjb MwZB wKš‘ mij ‰iwLK MwZ|

2
 MwZ
4. ch©ve„Ë MwZ (Periodic Motion): Ôch©ve„ËÕ K_vUvi gv‡bB n‡”Q †Kv‡bv wKQzi evievi cybive„wË NUv| †hgb: Avgv‡`i Rxe‡b w`‡bi
ci ivZ Ges iv‡Zi ci w`b Avm‡ZB _v‡K| GwU GKwU ch©ve„Ë NUbv| †Zgwb †Kv‡bv MwZkxj e¯‘ hLb †Kv‡bv wbw`©ó we›`y‡K wbw`©ó
mgq cici GKB w`K †_‡K AwZµg K‡i ZLb Zvi MwZ‡K ch©ve„Ë MwZ e‡j| GB MwZ e„ËvKvi, Dce„ËvKvi, mij‰iwLK n‡Z
cv‡i| e„ËvKvi ch©ve„Ë MwZ (d¨v‡bi cvLvi MwZ, Nwoi KvUvi MwZ), Dce„ËvKvi ch©ve„Ë MwZ (c„w_exi AvwýK I evwl©K MwZ), mij
‰iwLK ch©ve„Ë MwZ (Bwćbi wmwjÛv‡ii g‡a¨ wc÷‡bi MwZ, myikjvKvi MwZ)| GQvovI †`vjbvq †`vjvqgvb MwZ, evZv‡mi g‡a¨
k‡ãi ms‡KvPb cÖmviY, Aí we¯Ív‡i mij †`vj‡Ki MwZ, w¯úªs Gi ms‡KvPb cÖmviY BZ¨vw` meB ch©ve„Ë MwZ| KviY me¸‡jv NUbv
chv©e„Ëfv‡e m¤úbœ nq|
5. mij ¯ú›`b MwZ (Simple Harmonic Motion): GwU Avm‡j ch©ve„Ë MwZi GKwU we‡kl iƒc| †`vjvqgvb †`vjbvi K_v †f‡e
†`L, GwU GK mgq mvg‡b hvq Avevi wKQzÿY ci wecixZ w`‡K hvq| †Kv‡bv chv©e„Ë MwZ hw` Ggb nq †h, GwU Gi MwZc‡_i A‡a©K
mgq GK w`‡K Ges evwK A‡a©K mgq wecixZ w`‡K hvq ZLb Zv‡K mij ¯ú›`b MwZ e‡j| GwU Aek¨B mij ‰iwLK n‡Z n‡e|
†hgb: myikjvKvi MwZ, ev®ú ev Bwćbi wmwjÛv‡ii g‡a¨ wc÷‡bi MwZ, evZv‡mi g‡a¨ k‡ãi ms‡KvPb cÖmviY, Aí we¯Ív‡i mij
†`vj‡Ki MwZ, w¯úªs Gi ms‡KvPb cÖmviY BZ¨vw` mij Qw›`Z/ ¯ú›`b MwZ|

cÖkœ: mKj mij ¯ú›`b MwZ ch©ve„Ë MwZ n‡jI, mKj ch©ve„Ë MwZ mij ¯ú›`b MwZ bqÑe¨vL¨v K‡iv|
DËi: mij ¯ú›`b MwZ ch©ve„Ë MwZi GKwU we‡kl iƒc| ch©ve„Ë MwZ m¤úbœ ‡Kv‡bv KYv hLb ch©vqKv‡ji A‡a©K mgq GKw`‡K hvq Ges
evwK A‡a©K mgq Zvi wecixZ w`‡K hvq ZLb †mB MwZB mij ¯ú›`b MwZ| †hgb: w¯úªs Gi ms‡KvPb cÖmviY| G‡ÿ‡Î w¯úªs Gi MwZ mij
‰iwLK Ges ch©vqµ‡g N‡U _v‡K| wKš‘ e„ËvKvi ch©ve„Ë MwZm¤úbœ KYv (Nwoi KvUv, d¨v‡bi cvLv) me©`v GKw`‡KB MwZkxj _v‡K ZvB
G‡`i MwZ mij ¯ú›`b MwZ bq| AZGe, mKj mij ¯ú›`b MwZ ch©ve„Ë MwZ n‡jI, mKj ch©ve„Ë MwZ mij ¯ú›`b MwZ bq|

†¯‹jvi Ges †f±i ivwk (Scalar and Vector Quantity)

Avgv‡`i †fŠZ RM‡Zi mg¯Í ivwkB g~jZ †¯‹jvi Ges †f±i GB `yB fv‡M wef³| †Zv P‡jv †`wL Avgiv ‡Kvb¸‡jv †¯‹jvi Ges ‡Kvb¸‡jv
†f±i ivwk ej‡ev!!
‡¯‹jvi ivwk: Avgv‡`i †fŠZ RM‡Z Ggb wKQz cwigvc Av‡Q †h¸‡jv Avgiv ïay GKwU msL¨v Øviv eySv‡Z cvwi| †hgb: †Zvgvi fi 50 kg,
‡Zvgvi D”PZv 66 Bw BZ¨vw`| G¸‡jvB †¯‹jvi ivwk| G‡`i‡K eySv‡bvi Rb¨ w`K (A_©vr †Kvb w`‡K KvR Ki‡Q) ejvi †Kv‡bv cÖ‡qvRb
‡bB| Gme ivwk cÖKv‡k †hgb ïay gv‡bi cÖ‡qvRb nq, †Zgwb ïay gv‡bi cwieZ©b NUv‡jB ivwkiI cwieZ©b n‡q hvq| Avevi G ivwk¸‡jvi
wnmve wbKvk Avgv‡`i exRMwY‡Zi mvaviY wbq‡gB n‡q _v‡K| wKQz †¯‹jvi ivwki D`vniY n‡jv: ˆ`N©¨, fi, mgq, ZvcgvÎv, Zwor wefe,
†iva, KvR, kw³, ÿgZv, `ªæwZ BZ¨vw`|

‡f±i ivwk: hLb †Kv‡bv ivwk cÖKv‡ki mgq gv‡bi mv‡_ mv‡_ ivwkwU †Kvb w`‡K wµqvkxj Zv I e‡j w`‡Z nq ZLb Zv‡K †f±i ivwk
e‡j| G‡ÿ‡Î Zzwg hw` ïay gvb A_ev ïay w`K e‡jv Zvn‡j ivwkwU m¤ú~Y© fv‡e eySv‡Z ev cÖKvk Ki‡Z cvi‡e bv| ivwkwU m¤ú~Y©fv‡e
eySv‡bvi Rb¨ Aek¨B gvb I w`K GKB mv‡_ e‡j w`‡Z n‡e| Z‡e gRvi e¨vcvi n‡jv, GB †kÖYx‡Z †Zvgiv ïay †¯‹jvi ivwk wb‡q KvR
Ki‡e| †f±‡ii e¨envi I wnmve-wbKvk D”P †kÖYx‡Z Rvb‡e| wKQz ‡f±i ivwki D`vniY n‡jv: miY, †eM, Z¡iY, g›`b, ej, IRb,
Zwor cÖevn (Zwor wefe bq), Zwor cÖvej¨, gnvKl© cÖvej¨, fi‡eM, ‡PŠ¤^K‡ÿÎ BZ¨vw`|

GKwU welq gv_vq ivL‡Z n‡e, †h‡nZz †f±i ivwk gvb I w`K Df‡qi Dci wbf©ikxj, ZvB †f±i ivwk wZbfv‡e cwieZ©b n‡Z cv‡i h_v:
1. ïay gv‡bi cwieZ©b n‡j
2. ïay w`‡Ki cwieZ©b n‡j
3. GKBmv‡_ gvb I w`K Dfq cwieZ©b n‡j

†¯‹jvi I †f±i ivwki g‡a¨ cv_©K¨

†¯‹jvi †f±i
1| †h mKj ivwk‡K ïay gvb w`‡q m¤ú~Y©fv‡e cÖKvk Kiv hvq, w`‡Ki 1| †h mKj ivwk‡K m¤ú~Y©fv‡e cÖKv‡ki Rb¨ gvb I w`K Df‡qi
cÖ‡qvRb nq bv Zv‡`i‡K †¯‹jvi ivwk e‡j| cÖ‡qvRb nq Zv‡`i‡K †f±i ivwk e‡j|
3
 MwZ
2| †¯‹jvi ivwk‡Z †hvM-we‡qvM, ¸Y-fvM mvaviY exRMvwYwZK 2| ‡f±i ivwk‡Z †hvM-we‡qvM, ¸Y-fvM mvaviY exRMvwYwZK
wbq‡g nq| wbq‡g nq bv|
3| ïay gv‡bi cwieZ©b n‡j GB ivwki cwieZ©b nq| 3| gvb A_ev w`K A_ev gvb I w`K Dfq cwieZ©b n‡j GB
ivwki cwieZ©b nq|

Avgiv GLb MwZ m¤úwK©Z wewfbœ ivwk wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Ki‡ev| ïiæ Kiv hvK!!

`~iZ¡ Ges miY: wPÎ-01 G g‡b K‡iv, GKRb e¨w³ AvuKvevKv c‡_ †nu‡U A Ae¯’vb †_‡K B Ae¯’v‡b †Mj| G‡ÿ‡Î Zvi AvuKvevKv fv‡e
AwZµvšÍ mg¯Í c_UzKz n‡”Q `~iZ¡¡| wKš‘ A Ges B Gi mij ˆiwLK `~iZ¡UzKz n‡”Q miY|
KviY, mg‡qi mv‡_ Ae¯’v‡bi cwieZ©b n‡”Q `~iZ¡, wKš‘ mg‡qi mv‡_ wbw`©ó w`‡K
Ae¯’v‡bi cwieZ©b n‡”Q miY| A_©vr mi‡Yi Aek¨B wbw`©ó w`K _vK‡e| G‡ÿ‡Î mi‡Yi
w`K n‡e e¯‘i cÖ_g Ae¯’vb †_‡K †kl Ae¯’v‡bi w`‡K| wPÎ-01 G miY n‡”Q AB Ges
Gi w`K n‡”Q A ‡_‡K B Gi w`‡K| †mvRv K_vq, Avw` Ae¯’vb †_‡K †kl Ae¯’vb Gi
g‡a¨ mijˆiwLK `~iZ¡ n‡”Q miY Ges me©‡gvU c_ n‡”Q `~iZ¡|
miY Ges `~iZ¡ Dfq ivwki GKK Ges gvÎv GKB| G‡`i GKK n‡”Q wgUvi (m) Ges
wPÎ-01
gvÎv mgxKiY :
[miY] = L [`~iZ¡] = L
miY n‡”Q †f±i ivwk Ges `~iZ¡ n‡”Q †¯‹jvi ivwk| `y‡Uv ivwk‡KB S Øviv cÖKvk Kiv nq|
Gevi P‡jv Avgiv K‡qKUv D`vni‡Yi gva¨‡g e¨vcviUv Av‡iKUz cwi®‹vi K‡i wbB:
Case 01: GK e¨w³ Aa©e„Ë c_ m¤úbœ Ki‡j `~iZ¡ Ges miY:
awi, GK e¨w³ e„ËvKvi c‡_ A n‡Z B Ae¯’v‡b m‡i †Mj [wPÎ-02]| Zvi e„ËvKvi c‡_i
e¨vmva© r n‡j,
`~iZ¡ = Aa©e„‡Ëi cwiwa miY = AB c_
1
= ×2πr = e¨vm wPÎ-02
2
= πr = 2r
Case 02: GK e¨w³ r e¨vmv‡a©i e„ËvKvi c‡_ GK we›`y †_‡K hvÎv ïiæ K‡i cybivq †mB we›`y‡Z wd‡i
Avm‡jv [wPÎ-03]| Zvi `~iZ¡ Ges miY †ei K‡iv|
miY: H e¨w³ †h‡nZz Avevi Avw` Ae¯’v‡b wd‡i Av‡m, myZivs Zvi Avw` Ae¯’vb †_‡K †kl Ae¯’v‡bi
wPÎ-03
ga¨eZ©x mij‰iwLK `~iZ¡ k~b¨| AZGe, H e¨w³i miY k~b¨|
`~iZ¡: H e¨w³i †gvU AwZµvšÍ c_ e„‡Ëi cwiwai mgvb|
∴ `~iZ¡ = 2πr
cÖkœ 01: wPÎ-04 G GK †jvK A †_‡K hvÎv ïiæ K‡i ACB c‡_ B ‡Z †cuŠQv‡j Zvi miY Ges `~iZ¡ KZ n‡e?

DËi: miY 10 m I `~iZ¡ 14 m|

wPÎ-04

4
 MwZ
cÖkœ 02: g‡b K‡iv, GK e¨w³ GKwU we›`y n‡Z hvÎv ïiæ K‡i c~e© w`‡K 100 m hvIqvi ci DËi w`‡K 50 m †Mj| Zvici Avevi w`K
cwieZ©b K‡i cwðg w`‡K 25 m AwZµg Ki‡jv| †jvKwUi miY Ges AwZµvšÍ `~iZ¡ cwigvc K‡iv|
mgvavb:
∴ `~iZ¡ = †gvU AwZµvšÍ c_
= AB + BC + CD
= 100+50+25 = 175 m
∴ miY = Avw` Ae¯’vb (A we›`y) Ges
†kl Ae¯’vb (D we›`y) Gi ga¨eZ©x ‰iwLK `~iZ¡
= AD = √AE 2 + DE 2 = √752 + 502 = 90.14 m wPÎ-05
myZivs, `~iZ¡ = 175 m Ges miY = 90.14 m

`ªæwZ Ges †eM

Avm‡j †Kv‡bv e¯‘ KZ `ªæZ Pj‡Q Zv †evSv‡bvi Rb¨ `ªæwZ Ges †eM kã `ywU e¨envi Kiv nq| `ªæwZ n‡”Q mg‡qi mv‡_ mv‡_ †Kv‡bv e¯‘i
Ae¯’v‡bi cwieZ©‡bi nvi| Ab¨w`‡K, †eM n‡”Q †Kv‡bv wbw`©ó w`‡K `~i‡Z¡i cwieZ©‡bi nvi| A_©vr
‡Kv‡bv e¯‘ hw` t mg‡q s `~iZ¡ AwZµg K‡i, Zvn‡j e¯‘wUi
s
`ªæwZ, v =
t
`ªæwZ †¯‹jvi ivwk Ges Gi †Kv‡bv w`K †bB| ZvB `ªæwZ `¦viv Ae¯’v‡bi cwieZ©b †Kvb w`‡K NU‡Q Zv eySv hvq bv| `ªæwZi gvb me©`v
abvZ¥K|
L
GKK I gvÎv: SI c×wZ‡Z `ªæwZi GKK ms-1 Ges gvÎv [V] = T = LT-1
`ªæwZ †_‡K K‡qKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© msÁv †R‡b †bIqv hvK:
Mo `ªæwZ: †Kv‡bv e¯‘i †gvU AwZµvšÍ `~iZ¡‡K †gvU mgq w`‡q fvM Ki‡j †h gvb cvIqv hvq Zv‡K Mo `ªywZ e‡j|
mylg `ªæwZ: hw` †Kv‡bv e¯‘ mgvb mg‡q mgvb `~iZ¡ AwZµg K‡i Zvn‡j Zv‡K mylg `ªæwZ e‡j| mylg `ªæwZ‡Z w`‡Ki cwieZ©b n‡jI gv‡bi
cwieZ©b n‡e bv|
Amg `ªæwZ: hw` †Kv‡bv e¯‘ mgvb mg‡q mgvb `~iZ¡ AwZµg bv K‡i Zvn‡j Zv‡K Amg `ªæwZ e‡j|
ZvrÿwYK `ªæwZ: mg‡qi e¨eavb AwZ ÿz`ª n‡j †Kv‡bv e¯‘i †h‡Kv‡bv gyn~‡Z©i `ªæwZ‡K ZvrÿwYK `ªæwZ e‡j|
cÖkœ: †Kv‡bv e¯‘i `ªæwZ 25 ms-1 ej‡Z wK eySvq?
DËi: †Kv‡bv e¯‘i `ªæwZ 25 ms-1 ej‡Z eySvq, e¯‘wU cÖwZ †m‡K‡Û 25 wgUvi `~iZ¡ AwZµg K‡i|
‡eM: †Kv‡bv wbw`©ó w`‡K GKK mg‡q AwZµvšÍ `~iZ¡‡K †eM e‡j| A_©vr mi‡Yi nvi‡KB †eM e‡j|
‡e‡Mi ivwkgvjv `ªæwZi ivwkgvjvi g‡ZvB|
miY s
‡eM, v = =
mgq t
L
GKK I gvÎv: SI c×wZ‡Z ‡e‡Mi GKK ms-1 Ges gvÎv [V] = T = LT-1
‡eM GKwU †f±i ivwk| G‡K cÖKvk Kivi mgq Aek¨B w`K D‡jøL Ki‡Z n‡e| ‡eM `¦viv Ae¯’v‡bi cwieZ©b †Kvb w`‡K NU‡Q Zv eySv
hvq|
mylg †eM: †Kv‡bv MwZkxj e¯‘i MwZ c‡_ AcwieZ©xZ ‡eM‡K mylg †eM e‡j|
Amg †eM: †Kv‡bv MwZkxj e¯‘i MwZ c‡_ cwieZ©xZ †eM‡K Amg †eM e‡j|
ZvrÿwYK †eM: mg‡qi e¨eavb AwZ ÿz`ª n‡j †Kv‡bv e¯‘i †h‡Kv‡bv gyn~‡Z©i †eM‡K ZvrÿwYK †eM e‡j|
Mo †eM: †Kv‡bv MwZkxj e¯‘i MwZ c‡_i †gvU miY‡K (Not †gvU `~iZ¡‡K) †gvU AwZµvšÍ mgq w`‡q fvM Ki‡j hv cvIqv hvq ZvB Mo
†eM|
†gvU miY
Mo‡eM, v =
†gvU mgq

5
 MwZ
A_©vr A‡bK `~iZ¡ AwZµg K‡iI hw` †gvU miY k~b¨ nq Zvn‡j Aek¨B Mo †eM k~b¨ n‡e| †hgb: Dc‡ii case 02 ‡Z cy‡iv e„ËvKvi
c_ AwZµg K‡iI H e¨w³i miY k~b¨| †m‡ÿ‡Î Zvi Mo ‡eMI k~b¨| †Zvgvi g‡b n‡Z cv‡i, H e¨w³ †Zv mvgvb¨ n‡jI wKQz MwZ wb‡q
P‡jwQj| Zvn‡j †eM wKfv‡e k~b¨ n‡Z cv‡i? ‡eM k~b¨ nIqv m¤¢e KviY †eM GKwU †f±i ivwk| ZvB †e‡Mi gvb abvZ¥K, FbvZ¥K Ges
k~b¨ n‡Z cv‡i|
Avgiv GKUz Av‡M mylg †eM m¤ú‡K© †R‡bwQ| Avm‡j †Kv‡bv e¯‘ hw` †mvRv iv¯Ívq †Kv‡bv bovPov (gv‡b †Kv‡bv w`K cwieZ©b) bv K‡i
GK`g mgvb speed G Pj‡Z _v‡K ZLb †Kej Zvi †eM‡K mg‡eM A_ev mylg ‡eM ejv hv‡e| G‡ÿ‡Î gvb Ges w`K †Kv‡bvwUiB
mvgvb¨Zg cwieZ©b n‡e bv| wKš‘ ev¯Íe Rxe‡b Ggb †eM cvIqv LyeB RwUj e¨vcvi!! ZvB Avgv‡`i Rxe‡bi AwaKvsk †eMB Amg ‡eM|
Z‡e k~b¨ gva¨‡g kã mg‡e‡M P‡j Ges k‡ãi GB †eM n‡”Q 332 ms-1| eyS‡j wK welq¸‡jv??
cÖkœ: cwðgw`‡K †Kv‡bv e¨w³i †eM 5 ms-1 ej‡Z wK eySvq?
DËi: cwðgw`‡K †Kv‡bv e¨w³i †eM 5 ms-1 ej‡Z eySvq, H e¨w³ cÖwZ †m‡K‡Û cwðgw`‡K 5 m K‡i m‡i hv‡”Q A_ev H e¨w³ GK
†m‡K‡Û cwðgw`‡K 5 m `~iZ¡ AwZµg K‡i|
Hints: †Zvgiv c`v_©weÁv‡b ÔÔej‡Z wK eySÕÕ Ggb AmsL¨ cÖkœ cv‡e| G¸‡jvi DËi †mB ivwki msÁv †_‡K †`Iqvi †Póv Ki‡e Zvn‡jB
n‡e|
†eM I `ªæwZi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨
‡eM `ªæwZ
1. mi‡Yi nvi‡K †eM e‡j| 1. `~i‡Z¡i nvi‡K `ªæwZ e‡j|
2. †e‡Mi gvb I w`K `y‡UvB Av‡Q| 2. `ªæwZi ïay gvb Av‡Q|
3. GwU †f±i ivwk| 3. GwU †¯‹jvi ivwk|
4.ïay gvb ev w`K ev Df‡qi cwieZ©b n‡j †e‡Mi cwieZ©b nq| 4. ïay gv‡bi cwieZ©b n‡j `ªywZi cwieZ©b nq|
5. wbw`©ó w`‡K `ªæwZB †eM| 5. e¯‘i †e‡Mi gvbB `ªæwZ|

Z¡iY: Avgiv K_vq K_vq e‡j _vwK, wK‡i †`v¯Í GKUz †Rv‡i †`uŠov bv; Avevi ewj mvB‡KjUv Av‡iv †Rv‡i Pvjv bv ‡`v¯Í| Avevi Pjvi c‡_
nUvr mvg‡b wKQz co‡j ‡eªK K‡i mvB‡Kj _vgvq| †Lqvj K‡iv, Gme †ÿ‡Î Avm‡j Avgiv ‡e‡Mi cwieZ©b K‡i _vwK| KL‡bv †eM evovq
†Zv Avevi KL‡bv ‡eM Kgvq| Avgv‡`i Rxe‡bi GB NUbv¸‡jvB Z¡i‡Yi D`vniY|
mg‡qi mv‡_ mv‡_ †Kv‡bv e¯‘i †e‡Mi cwieZ©‡bi nvi‡KB Z¡iY e‡j| †eM e„w× †c‡Z cv‡i Avevi †eM n«vm †c‡ZI cv‡i| †eM n«v‡mi
nvi‡K mvaviYZ g›`b e‡j| Avm‡j g›`b‡K Avgiv FbvZ¥K Z¡iYI e‡j _vwK|
Z¡i‡Yi gvÎv Ges GKK
‡eM miY L
gvÎv: Z¡iY [a] = = = T 2 = LT-2
mgq mgq2
‡eM ms−1
GKK: Z¡iY, a = = = ms-2
mgq s
Avgiv Rvwb, Z¡iY n‡jv †eM cwieZ©‡bi nvi| myZivs,
t mg‡q †e‡Mi cwieZ©b = v − u GLv‡b,
v−u
∴ GKK mg‡q †e‡Mi cwieZ©b = u = Avw`‡eM
t
v−u v = ‡kl‡eM
∴ †e‡Mi cwieZ©‡bi nvi ev Z¡iY, a = t
Z¡iY †h‡nZz †e‡Mi cwieZ©‡bi nvi, ZvB Z¡iY n‡”Q †f±i ivwk|
mylg Z¡iY: mylg †eM e„w×i nvi‡K mgZ¡iY ev mylg Z¡iY e‡j| A_©vr Z¡i‡Yi gvb I w`K AcwiewZ©Z _vK‡j Zv‡K mylg Z¡iY e‡j|
Amg Z¡iY: Amg †eM e„w×i nvi‡K Amg Z¡iY e‡j| A_©vr Z¡i‡Yi gvb cwiewZ©Z n‡j Zv‡K Amg Z¡iY e‡j|
ZvrÿwYK Z¡iY: mg‡qi e¨eavb AwZ ÿz`ª n‡j †Kv‡bv e¯‘i †h‡Kv‡bv gyn~‡Z©i †e‡Mi cwieZ©‡bi nviB H mg‡qi ZvrÿwYK Z¡iY|
g›`b: mg‡qi mv‡_ †eM n«v‡mi nvi‡K g›`b e‡j|
mylg g›`b: mylg †eM n«v‡mi nvi‡K mylg g›`b e‡j|
Amg g›`b: Amg †eM n«v‡mi nvi‡K Amg g›`b e‡j|

6
 MwZ
†Lqvj K‡iv, mgZ¡i‡Yi †ÿ‡Î †eM e„w× A_ev n«vm †hUvB †nvK bv †Kb Zv mgnv‡i n‡Z n‡e| Avgiv mvavYZ †hme MwZ †Pv‡Li mvg‡b
†`wL Zvi me¸‡jvB cÖvq Amg Z¡iY| Avgv‡`i ev¯ÍweK Rxe‡b mgZ¡i‡Yi D`vniY cvIqv LyeB gykwKj| ZeyI Avgv‡`i c„w_ex‡Z mgZ¡i‡Yi
GKwU Lye my›`i D`vniY Av‡Q Ges Zv n‡”Q ga¨vKl©YRwbZ Z¡iY (g)| c„w_exi AvKl©‡Yi Kvi‡Y f‚c„‡ô gy³fv‡e cošÍ †Kv‡bv e¯‘i †eM
e„w×i nvi‡KB AwfKl©R/ga¨vKl©YRwbZ Z¡iY (g) e‡j| GB Z¡i‡Yi gvb 9.8 ms-2| Amg Z¡iY we‡ePbv K‡i †h‡Kv‡bv wnmve wbKvk
Kiv Avgv‡`i Rb¨ LyeB RwUj| ZvB Avgiv Avgv‡`i Av‡jvPbvi †ÿ‡Î Z¡iY‡K me©`v mgZ¡iY wnmv‡e we‡ePbv Ki‡ev| GgbwK ejv bv
_vK‡jI ey‡S wb‡Z n‡e †h, mgZ¡iY ejv n‡q‡Q|

cÖkœ: †Kv‡bv e¯‘i Z¡iY 8 ms-2 Ges −8 ms-2 cwðg w`‡K ej‡Z Kx eyS?
DËi: †Kv‡bv e¯‘i Z¡iY 8 ms-2 cwðg w`‡K ej‡Z †evSvq, e¯‘wUi †eM cÖwZ ‡m‡K‡Û 8 ms-1 nv‡i e„w× cvq| A_©vr e¯‘wUi Z¡iY n‡jv
8 ms-2 Ges †eM e„w×i w`K n‡”Q Avw` Ae¯’vb †_‡K †mvRv cwðg w`‡K|
Ges †Kv‡bv e¯‘i Z¡iY −8 ms-2 cwðg w`‡K ej‡Z †evSvq- e¯‘wUi †eM cÖwZ ‡m‡K‡Û 8 ms-1 nv‡i n«vm cvq| A_©vr e¯‘wUi Z¡iY n‡jv
−8 ms-2 Ges †eM n«v‡mi w`K n‡”Q Avw` Ae¯’vb †_‡K †mvRv cwðg w`‡K|
†eM I Z¡i‡Yi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨
‡eM Z¡iY
1. mg‡qi mv‡_ e¯‘i mi‡Yi nvi‡K †eM e‡j| 1. mg‡qi mv‡_ e¯‘i Amg ‡e‡Mi cwieZ©‡bi nvi‡K Z¡iY e‡j|
2. †e‡Mi gvÎv LT-1 2. Z¡i‡Yi gvÎv LT-2
3. ‡e‡Mi GKK ms-1 Ges G‡K v Øviv cÖKvk Kiv nq| 3. Z¡i‡Yi GKK ms-2 Ges G‡K a Øviv cÖKvk Kiv nq|

P‡jv Gevi Avgiv wKQz MyiæZ¡c~Y© Ges wPšÍvkxj cÖkœ †`‡L Avwm|
cÖkœ: g‡b K‡iv, myZvq cv_i †e‡a Zzwg †mUv‡K gv_vi Dci wb‡q †Nviv‡”Qv| cv_iwU mg‡e‡M bvwK mg`ªæwZ‡Z Nyi‡e?
DËi: cv_iwUi `ªæwZi (speed) †Kv‡bv cwieZ©b n‡”Q bv| †m GKB `ªæwZ wb‡q Nyi‡Q| wKš‘ e„ËvKvi c‡_ †Nvivi d‡j cÖwZ gyn~‡Z© cv_iwUi
MwZi w`K cv‡ë hv‡”Q| MwZi w`K cv‡ë hvIqvi Rb¨ cÖwZ gyn~‡Z© cv_iwUi †e‡Mi cwieZ©b n‡”Q| AZGe, cv_iwU mg‡e‡M bq,
mg`ªæwZ‡Z Nyi‡Q|
we: `ª: mg‡eM n‡j Aek¨B mg`ªæwZ n‡e wKš‘ mg`ªæwZ n‡j mg‡eM bvI n‡Z cv‡i|
cÖkœ: mg`ªæwZ‡Z Pjgvb †Kv‡bv e¯‘i Z¡iY _vKv m¤¢e Kx?
DËi: mg`ªæwZ‡Z Pjgvb †Kv‡bv e¯‘i Z¡iY _vKv m¤¢e| GKwU e¯‘ hw` e„ËvKvi c‡_ mg`ªæwZ‡Z cwiwa eivei Nyi‡Z _v‡K Z‡e e¯‘wU
mg`ªæwZ‡Z Pj‡jI, mg‡e‡M P‡j bv| G‡ÿ‡Î cÖwZ gyn~‡Z© w`‡Ki cwieZ©b nq e‡j e¯‘wUi †e‡Mi cwieZ©bI nq| ZvB e¯‘wU mg`ªæwZ‡Z
Pj‡jI me©`v Z¡iY _v‡K|
cÖkœ: mg‡e‡M Pjgvb †Kv‡bv e¯‘i Z¡iY _v‡K bv †Kb?
A_ev Ò†e‡Mi cwieZ©b bv n‡j Z¡iY _v‡K bvÓ- e¨vL¨v K‡iv|
DËi: mg‡qi mv‡_ e¯‘i †e‡Mi cwieZ©‡bi nvi‡K Z¡iY e‡j|
v−u
Avgiv Rvwb, Z¡iY, a = t
‡e‡Mi cwieZ©b bv n‡j Avw`‡eM I †kl‡eM GKB n‡e| ∴ u = v n‡j,
u−u 0
Z¡iY, a = t = t = 0 ms-2
myZivs †e‡Mi cwieZ©b bv n‡j Z¡iY _v‡K bv|
wPšÍv K‡iv: GKwU e¯‘i †eM k~b¨ wKš‘ Z¡iY k~b¨ bq- GiKg n‡Z cv‡i Kx?
we: `ª: MwZi ivwk m¤úwK©Z GB aviYv¸‡jv ¯úó ivL‡Z n‡e| GB Concept †_‡K cÖPzi MCQ _v‡K|
P‡jv bZyb wKQz wkwL!!
AvR Avwg †Zvgv‡`i mgvbycvwZK Ges e¨¯ÍvbycvwZK Gi Mí ej‡ev| c`v_©weÁvb †_‡K ïiæ K‡i cÖvq me RvqMvq GB kã `ywU Avgiv cÖvq
ï‡b _vwK| wKš‘ G¸‡jv Avm‡j Avgv‡`i wK eySvq †mUvB AvR ej‡ev|

7
 MwZ
mgvbycvwZK (Propotional to): K_vwUi A_© n‡”Q mgnv‡i cwieZ©b| A_©vr `ywU ivwk Ggb fv‡e m¤úwK©Z _vK‡e, Zv‡`i GKwUi
cwieZ©b n‡j Av‡iKwU mgnv‡i cwiewZ©Z n‡e| a‡iv, x n‡”Q y Gi mgvbycvwZK| [GLv‡b, x, y ‡h‡Kv‡bv ivwk]
∴x∝y
GLv‡b y Gi gvb evo‡j x Gi gvb evo‡e Ges y Gi gvb Kg‡j x Gi gvbI Kg‡e| GUvB mgnv‡i cwieZ©b| mgnv‡i cwieZ©b ej‡Z
†evSv‡”Q GKUv `yB ¸Y n‡j, Av‡iKUv `yB ¸Y n‡e|
‡hgb: Avgiv †Qv‡Uv‡ejvq ivevi wb‡q Uvb w`Zvg| G‡ÿ‡Î hZ †Rv‡i Uvb w`Zvg, ivevi ZZ j¤^v n‡Zv| d‡j ej‡Z cvwi, ivev‡ii ˆ`N¨
e„w× Zvi Dci cÖhy³ Uv‡bi mgvbycvwZK|
∴ ivev‡ii ˆ`N¨ e„w× ∝ cÖhy³ Uvb
Gfv‡e ‡h‡Kv‡bv ivwk Ab¨ GKwU ivwki mv‡_ mgvbycvwZK fv‡e m¤úwK©Z _vK‡Z cv‡i|
GLb, x∝y
ev, x = ky
GLv‡b k GKwU mgvbycvwZK aªæeK| KviY mgvbycvwZK wPý DVv‡j Avgiv me©`v GKwU mgvbycvwZK aªæeK cvB| GKBfv‡e aªæeK ¸Y _vK‡j
Avgiv mgvbycvwZK wjL‡Z cvi‡ev|
GLb, x1, x2, x3……. xn wewfbœ gv‡bi Rb¨ hw` y Gi gvb¸‡jv y1, y2, y3…... yn nq| Zvn‡j wjLv hvq,
x1
x1 ∝ y1 ev, x1 = k y1 ev, =k
y1
x2
x2 ∝ y2 ev, x2 = ky2 ev, =k
y2
x3
x3 ∝ y3 ev, x3 = ky3 ev, =k
y3

∶
∶
x
∴ xn ∝ yn ev, xn = kyn ev, yn = k
n
x1 x2 x3 xn
myZivs, = = =⋯=
y1 y2 y3 yn
GwUB mgvbycvwZK Gi Zvrch©| hLb `ywU ivwk mgvbycvwZK n‡e ZLb Zv‡`i‡K Dc‡iv³ mgxKiY AvKv‡i wjL‡Z cvi‡e| GB welqUv
Follow K‡i Zzwg A‡bK m~Î wjL‡Z cv‡iv| †hgb: hw` †eM (v) mg‡qi (t) mgvbycvwZK nq Z‡e,
v
∴ v ∝ t ev, v = kt ev, = k Avevi, p ∝ v n‡j,
t
v1 t1 p
∴ = p ∝ v ev, p = kv ev, v = k
v2 t2
v1 v2 p1 p2 p1 v1
ev, = ∴ = ev, =
t1 t2 v1 v2 p2 v2

Ggb mgxKi‡Y †h‡Kv‡bv wZbwU ivwki gvb Rvbv _vK‡j PZz_© ivwki gvb mn‡R ‡ei Kiv hv‡e|
e¨¯ÍvbycvwZK (Inversely Proportional to): e¨¯ÍvbycvwZK n‡”Q mgvbycvwZK Gi Dëv| `ywU ivwk hw` ci¯úi e¨¯ÍvbycvwZK nq
Zvn‡j GKwU ivwki gvb e„w× †c‡j Av‡iKwU ivwki gvb mgnv‡i n«vm cv‡e| A_©vr GKUv `yB ¸Y n‡j AciwU A‡a©K n‡e| †hgb:
ivev‡ii ˆ`N©¨ e„w× †c‡j ivev‡ii e¨vm K‡g hvq| hw` ivev‡ii ‰`N©¨ (L) Ges e¨vm (D) nq Z‡e,
1 k
D∝ ev, D = L ev, DL = k
L
GLb hw`, L1 , L2 , L3 Gi Rb¨ e¨v‡mi gvb¸‡jv D1 , D2 , D3 nq Zvn‡j,
D1 L1 = D2 L2 = D3 L3 = k
D1 L2
ev, =
D2 L1

Gfv‡e Zzwg e¨¯ÍvbycvwZK †_‡KI mgxKiY †c‡Z cv‡iv| gRvi bv!!!

8
 MwZ

MwZi mgxKiYmg~‡ni e¨vL¨v (Equation of Motion)

MwZi mgxKiY¸‡jv Av‡jvPbvi c~‡e© P‡jv Avgiv MwZi ivwk¸‡jv m¤ú‡K© †R‡b †bB| MwZ m¤úwK©Z cuvPwU ivwk i‡q‡Q hv‡`i‡K GK‡Î
SUVAT ej‡Z cvwi| ivwk¸‡jvi cwiPq n‡jv:
s (`~iZ¡ ev miY): AwZµvšÍ mg‡q Pjgvb e¯‘wU †h `~iZ¡ AwZµg K‡i|
u (Avw`‡eM): mg‡qi ïiæ‡Z †h †eM| Ôw¯’i Ae¯’vb †_‡K hvÎv ïiæÕ D‡jøL _vK‡j Avw`‡eM k~b¨ n‡e|
v (‡kl‡eM): AwZµvšÍ mg‡qi ci †h †eM|
a (Z¡iY): e¯‘wU †h mgZ¡i‡Y P‡j (Aek¨B mgZ¡iY)|
t (mgq): AwZµvšÍ mgq
Avgiv GLb †`L‡ev, †Kv‡bv GKwU e¯‘i MwZ‡K Kxfv‡e fvlv Øviv m¤ú~Y©iƒ‡c cÖKvk Ki‡Z cvwi|
wPÎ-06 ‡_‡K Avgiv ej‡Z cvwi,
GKwU e¯‘ u Avw`‡eM wb‡q Pjv ïiæ K‡i a mgZ¡i‡Y t mgq a‡i P‡j s `~iZ¡ AwZµg K‡i v †kl‡eM cÖvß n‡jv|
‡Zvgiv Gfv‡e m¤ú~Y©iƒ‡c cÖKvk Ki‡Z cv‡iv| A_ev
cÖ‡qvRbgZ ivwkmn cÖKvk Ki‡Z cv‡iv|
‡hgb: GKwU e¯‘ u Avw`‡e‡M Pjv ïiæ K‡i a mgZ¡i‡Y
P‡j t mgq c‡i †kl‡eM v cÖvß n‡jv| GLv‡b †`L, `~i‡Z¡i
cÖ‡qvRb c‡owb ZvB Avgiv D‡jøL Kwiwb| eyS‡j †Zv???
01. mg‡e‡M MwZkxj e¯‘i `~i‡Z¡i mgxKiY:
s = vt wPÎ-06
Bnv mg‡e‡M MwZkxj e¯‘i t mgq ci AwZµvšÍ `~i‡Z¡i mgxKiY, †hLv‡b v n‡”Q mg‡eM|
02. mgZ¡i‡Y MwZkxj e¯‘i †kl ‡e‡Mi mgxKiY:
v = u + at
03. †eM I mi‡Yi g‡a¨ m¤úK©:
u+v
s = ( 2 )t
GB mgxKi‡Yi e¨envi g~jZ ‡jLwPÎ mgvav‡b cvIqv hv‡e|
04. mgZ¡i‡Y MwZkxj e¯‘i AwZµvšÍ `~i‡Z¡i mgxKiY:
1
s = ut + 2 at 2
05. mgZ¡i‡Y e¯‘i Avw`‡eM, †kl‡eM Ges mi‡Yi g‡a¨ m¤úK©:
v 2 = u2 + 2as
P‡jv Gevi mgxKiY¸‡jv GKUz we‡kølY Kwi|
Zzwg †Lqvj Ki‡j †`L‡e cÖwZwU mgxKi‡Y PviwU ivwk Dcw¯’Z| GKwU ivwk Abycw¯’Z| †hgb:
v = u + at ⟹ GLv‡b miY (s) Abycw¯’Z|
u+v
s=( )t ⟹ GLv‡b Z¡iY (a) Abycw¯’Z|
2
1
s = ut + 2 at 2 ⟹ GLv‡b ‡kl‡eM (v) Abycw¯’Z|
v 2 = u2 + 2as ⟹ GLv‡b mgq (t) Abycw¯’Z|
myZivs, Avgv‡`i MvwYwZK mgm¨v¸‡jv mgvavb Kivi mgq †Lqvj ivL‡Z n‡e †Kvb ivwk¸‡jvi gvb cÖ‡kœ †`Iqv Av‡Q Ges Avgv‡`i †Kvb
ivwki gvb †ei Ki‡Z n‡e| †m Abyhvqx ZLb mgxKiY wj‡L gvb wbY©q Ki‡jB n‡e|
cÖkœ: mgZ¡i‡Yi mgq wK Avgiv wظY mg‡q wظY `~iZ¡ AwZµg Kwi?
1
DËi: Avgiv Rvwb, mgZ¡i‡Y MwZkxj †Kv‡bv e¯‘i `~iZ¡, s = ut + 2 at 2

9
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GLb e¯‘wU hw` mgZ¡i‡Y Ges w¯’i Ae¯’vb †_‡K Pjv ïiæ K‡i Z‡e, u = 0 ms-1 Ges a = aªæeK
s = 0 + aªæeK × t2 ev, s = aªæeK × t2
ev, s ∝ t2
∴ w¯’i Ae¯’vb †_‡K mylg Z¡i‡Y Pjgvb †Kv‡bv e¯‘i AwZµvšÍ `~iZ¡ mg‡qi e‡M©i mgvbycvwZK| AZGe mgq wظY n‡j,
s = (2)2 = 4 ¸Y n‡e
myZivs mgZ¡i‡Yi †ÿ‡Î mgq wظY n‡j e¯‘i AwZµvšÍ `~iZ¡ wظY bq Pvi¸Y n‡e|

MwZi mgxKiY m¤úwK©Z MvwYwZK mgm¨vewj

Imp mgm¨v-01: GKwU Mvwoi †eM w¯’i Ae¯’v †_‡K 1 wgwb‡Ui g‡a¨ †e‡o 60 kmh-1 n‡q‡Q| MvwowUi Z¡iY KZ?
mgvavb: ‡h‡nZz w¯’i Ae¯’v, myZivs
Avgiv Rvwb, v = u + at Avw`‡eM, u = 0 ms-1
ev, 16.67 = 0 + a × 60 ‡kl‡eM, v = 60 kmh-1
16.67
ev, a = (60×1000) m
60 = = 16.67 ms-1
∴ a = 0.278 ms -2 (60 ×60) s
mgq, t = 1 min = 60 s
we: `ª: m~‡Î gvb emv‡bvi mgq GKK †`Iqvi cÖ‡qvRb ‡bB| Z¡iY, 𝑎 =?
wbY©qK…Z ivwkwUi gvb ‡ei n‡j me‡k‡l GKK w`‡q w`‡e Zvn‡jB n‡e|

Imp mgm¨v-02: w¯’i Ae¯’vb †_‡K PjšÍ GKwU Mvwo‡Z 2 ms-2 Z¡iY cÖ‡qvM Kiv n‡j Gi †eM 20 ms-1 nq| KZ mgq a‡i Z¡iY
cÖ‡qvM Kiv n‡qwQj?
GLv‡b,
mgvavb: Avgiv Rvwb, v = u + at
Avw`‡eM, u = 0 ms-1
ev, 20 = 0 + 2 × t
20
‡kl‡eM, v = 20 ms-1
ev, t = = 10 s Z¡iY, a = 2 ms-2
2
mgq, t =?
mgm¨v-03: GKwU ey‡jU 300 m/s ‡e‡M Qz‡U GKwU †`qv‡ji gv‡S 10 cm Xz‡K hvq| ey‡j‡Ui g›`b KZ?
mgvavb: †`Iqv Av‡Q, Avw`‡eM, u = 300 ms-1
†kl‡eM, v = 0 ms-1 [ ‡h‡nZz ey‡jUwU m¤ú~Y© †_‡g hvq ]
`~iZ¡, s = 10 cm = 0.1 m
Avgiv Rvwb,
g›`‡bi †ÿ‡Î, v 2 = u2 − 2as
ev, (0)2 = (300)2 – 2 × a ×0.1
90000
ev, a = = 450000 m/s2
2 ×0.1
myZivs, g›`b = 450000 m/s2 ev Z¡iY = -450000 ms-2
we: `ª: GLv‡b †eM n«vm cvIqvq a = − 𝐚 wjLv n‡q‡Q| Z‡e (+) w`‡q wjL‡jI †Kv‡bv mgm¨v bvB| †m‡ÿ‡Î Z¡iY †k‡l FbvZ¥K Avm‡e|
†Zvgv‡`i †hUv fv‡jv jv‡M †mUv Ki‡e| `yBUvB wVK|

Imp mgm¨v-04: 60 kmh-1 †e‡M PjšÍ GKwU Mvwo‡Z 6 s hveZ 1.5 ms-2 Z¡iY cÖ‡qvM Kiv n‡jv| MvwowUi †kl‡eM KZ Ges Z¡iY
Kv‡j KZ `~iZ¡ AwZµg Ki‡e?

10
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mgvavb: Avgiv Rvwb, v = u + at GLv‡b,
60 ×1000
= 16.67 + 1.5 × 6 Avw`‡eM, u = 60 kmh-1 = 60 ×60
= 25.67 ms-1 = 16.67 ms-1
1
Avevi, s = ut + 2 at 2 Z¡iY, a = 1.5 ms-2
1 ‡kl‡eM, v =?
= 16.67×6 + 2 × 1.5 ×(6)2
mgq, t = 6 s
= 127.02 m
miY, s =?
myZivs ‡kl‡eM v = 25.67 ms-1 Ges `~iZ¡ = 127.02 m|

Imp mgm¨v-05: w¯’i Ae¯’vb †_‡K mylg Z¡i‡Y Pj‡Z ïiæ K‡i GKwU Mvwo 4 wgwb‡U cÖ_g wK‡jvwgUvi c_ AwZµg K‡i| Gi ci MvwowU
hw` mylg †e‡M Pj‡Z _v‡K Z‡e wØZxq wK‡jvwgUvi AwZµg Ki‡Z KZ mgq jvM‡e?
mgvavb: Avgiv Rvwb, cÖ_g wK‡jvwgUv‡ii †ÿ‡Î, GLv‡b, 1g †ÿ‡Î
u+v
s1 = ( ) t1 s1 = 1 km = 1000 m
2
0+v t1= 4 min = 240 s
ev, 1000 = × 240
2
u = 0 ms-1
ev, 120 × v = 1000
1000 v=?
ev, v = 120
∴ v = 8.33 ms-1
wØZxq wK‡jvwgUv‡ii †ÿ‡Î, Avevi, wØZxq †ÿ‡Î
mylg †e‡Mi †ÿ‡Î Avgiv Rvwb, s2 = 1 km = 1000 m
1000
s2 = vt2 ev, t2 = v = 8.33 ms-1
8.33
∴ t2 = 120 s t2 = ?

mgm¨v-06: w¯’i Ae¯’vb †_‡K GKwU †Uªb 10 ms-2 mylg Z¡i‡Y Pjvi mgq 125 m `~i‡Z¡ Aew¯’Z GKwU wcjvi‡K KZ †e‡M AwZµg
Ki‡e?
mgvavb: Avgiv Rvwb, v 2 = u2 + 2as GLv‡b,
ev, v 2 = 02 + 2 × 10 × 125 Avw`‡eM, u = 0 ms-1
2
ev, v = 2500 Z¡iY, a =10 ms-2
ev, v = √2500 miY, s = 125 m
-1
∴ v = 50 ms ‡kl‡eM, v = ?

VI mgm¨v-07: 54 kmh-1 †e‡M PjšÍ GKwU Mvwoi PvjK 46 m `~‡i GKRb c_Pvwi‡K †`L‡Z †c‡q mv‡_ mv‡_ †eªK Pvc‡jb| Gi
d‡j MvwowU c_Pvwii 1 m mvg‡b G‡m †_‡g †Mj| MvwowUi Z¡iY Ges †eªK Pvcvi ci MvwowU _vg‡Z KZ mgq jvM‡e †ei K‡iv?
mgvavb: Avgiv Rvwb, GLv‡b,
v 2 = u2 + 2as 54 ×1000
2 2 Avw`‡eM, u = 54 kmh-1 = 3600 = 15 ms-1
ev, 2as = v − u
v2 −u2 miY, s = 46 – 1 = 45 m
ev, a = 2s ‡kl‡eM, v = 0 ms-1
0−15 2
ev, a = 2×45 Z¡iY, a = ?
mgq, t = ?
∴ a = -2.5 ms-2
(Z¡iY FbvZ¥K KviY MvwowUi g›`b N‡UwQj)
Avevi,
v = u + at
11
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ev, at = v - u
v−u 0−15
ev, t = =
a − 2.5
∴t=6s

VVI mgm¨v-08: `yBwU Mvwo 4 ms-1 I 7 ms-1 †eM wb‡q GKwU cÖwZ‡hvwMZv ïiæ K‡i| Mvwo `ywUi Z¡iY h_vµ‡g 0.5 ms-2 I
0.4 ms-2| hw` Mvwo `yBwU GKB mgq †kl cÖv‡šÍ †cuŠQvq, Z‡e Giv KZ mgq a‡i cÖwZ‡hvwMZvq Ask wb‡qwQj Ges KZ wgUv‡ii
cÖwZ‡hvwMZv wQj?
mgvavb: g‡b Kwi, Mvwo `yBwU t mgq a‡i cÖwZ‡hvwMZvq Ask wb‡qwQj Ges s `~i‡Z¡i cÖwZ‡hvwMZv wQ‡jv|
1
1g Mvwoi †ÿ‡Î, s = u1t + 2a1t2--------------(i)
1
2q Mvwoi †ÿ‡Î, s = u2t + 2a2t2--------------(ii)
(i) I (ii) †_‡K cvB,
s=s GLv‡b,
1 1
ev, u1t + 2a1t2 = u2t + 2a2t2 1g Mvwoi Avw`‡eM, u1 = 4 ms-1
1 1
ev, u1t - u2t = 2a2t2 - 2a1t2 2q Mvwoi Avw`‡eM, u2 = 7 ms-1
1 1g Mvwoi Z¡iY, a1 = 0.5 ms-2
ev, t(u1 - u2) = 2 t2(a2 - a1)
1
2q Mvwoi Z¡iY, a2 = 0.4 ms-2
ev, (u1 - u2) = 2 (a2 - a1) t cÖwZ‡hvMxZvi mgq, t = ?
(u1 −u2 )×2
ev, t = cÖwZ‡hvwMZvi `~iZ¡, s = ?
a2 − a1
2(4−7)
ev, t =
0.4−0.5
∴ t = 60 s
cÖwZ‡hvwMZvi `~iZ¡ wb‡Riv †ei K‡iv| `~iZ¡ n‡e 1140 m|

VVI mgm¨v-09: GKwU Mvwo 36 kmh-1 †e‡M MwZkxj _vKv Ae¯’vq Gi Dci 4 s hver 2 ms-2 Z¡iY KvR K‡i Ges cieZ©x 10 s
hver mg‡e‡M P‡j| AZ:ci †eªK K‡l 10 m Gi g‡a¨ MvwowU‡K _vgv‡bv n‡jv|
(i) MvwowUi †gvU miY KZ?
(ii) MvwowU †gvU KZ mgq a‡i MwZkxj wQj?
mgvavb: [Hints: GLv‡b MvwowU cy‡iv c_ wZbwU av‡c AwZµg K‡iwQj| ZvB cÖwZ av‡c mgq Ges `~iZ¡ Avjv`vfv‡e ‡ei K‡i †hvM
Ki‡Z n‡e|] GLv‡b,
Avgiv Rvwb, 36 ×1000
u = 36 kmh-1 = 3600 = 10 ms-1
v = u + at1
t1 = 4 s
= 10 + 2 × 4 = 18 ms-1
1 2
a = 2 ms-2
GB mg‡q MvwowUi miY, s1 = ut1 + 2at1 v=?
1
= 10 × 4 + 2 × 2 × 42
= 56 m
Gici MvwowU mg‡e‡M P‡jwQj 10 ‡m‡KÛ
∴ t2 = 10 s Ges v =18 ms-1
mg‡e‡Mi †ÿ‡Î, s2 = vt2 = 18 × 10 = 180 m
†k‡l MvwowU 10 m AwZµg K‡i †_‡g hvq, myZivs s3 = 10 m

12
 MwZ
2 2
Avevi Avgiv Rvwb, v3 = u3 + 2𝑎3 𝑠3 GLv‡b,
ev, 0 = 182 + 2 × a3 × 10 Avw`‡eM, u3 = 18 ms-1
−182
ev, a = = - 16.2 ms-2 [⸪ KviY gv‡S MvwowU mg‡e‡M PjwQj]
20
GLb, v3 = u3 + a3t3 ‡kl‡eM, v3 = 0 ms-1
ev, 0 = 18 + (-16.2) × t3 [⸪ KviY †k‡l MvwowU †_‡g wM‡qwQj]
− 18 miY, s3 = 10 m
ev, t3 = − 16.2 = 1.11 s

∴ ‡gvU miY, s = s1 + s2 + s3 = 56 + 180 +10 = 246 m

∴ ‡gvU mgq, t = t1 + t2 +t3 = 4 + 10 + 1.11 = 15.11 s

Imp mgm¨v-10: GKwU Mvwoi †eM 8 ms-1 n‡Z 20 s mg‡q mgZ¡i‡Y e„w× †c‡q 64 ms-1 n‡jv| GB mg‡q MvwowU KZ `~iZ¡ AwZµg
Ki‡e?
mgvavb: Avgiv Rvwb, GLv‡b,
v = u + at u = 8 ms-1
v−u 64−8
ev, a = = t = 20 s
t 20
∴ a = 2.8 ms -2 v = 64 ms-1
1 s=?
∴ `~iZ¡, s = ut + 2at2
1
= 8 × 20 + × 2.8 × 202 = 720 m
2

VVI mgm¨v-11: GKwU nwiY 72 kmh-1 mylg †e‡M Pjvi mgq 75 m †cQ‡b Mv‡Qi Avov‡j jywK‡q _vKv GKwU evN 1.5 ms-2 mylg
Z¡i‡Y nwiYwU‡K 30 s hveZ Zvov Ki‡jv| evNwU nwiYwU‡K ai‡Z cvi‡e wKbv MvwYwZKfv‡e e¨vL¨v K‡iv|
mgvavb: cÖ‡kœ †`Iqv Av‡Q,
nwi‡Yi †eM, v = 72 kmh-1
72 ×1000
= 3600 = 20 ms-1
ev‡Ni Z¡iY, a = 1.5 ms-2
ev‡Ni Avw`‡eM, u = 0 ms-1
mgq, t = 30 s
Avgv‡`i wbY©q Ki‡Z n‡e,
wPÎ-07
nwi‡Yi AwZµvšÍ `~iZ¡ = s1
ev‡Ni AwZµvšÍ `~iZ¡ = s2
‡h‡nZz nwiYwU mylg †e‡M PjwQj, myZivs nwi‡Yi AwZµvšÍ `~iZ¡,
s1 = vt = 20 × 30 = 600 m
myZivs, 30 s mg‡q nwiYwU Zvi Avw` Ae¯’vb †_‡K 600 m mvg‡b P‡j hvq|
AZGe, nwiYwU‡K ai‡Z n‡j H mg‡q evNwU‡K = (600 + 75) m = 675 m `~iZ¡ AwZµg Ki‡Z n‡e|
1
GLb ev‡Ni AwZµvšÍ `~iZ¡, s2 = ut + 2at2
1
= 0 × 30 + 2 ×1.5 × (30)2
= 675 m
‡h‡nZz evNwU 675 m ‡h‡Z cv‡i, myZivs evNwU nwiYwU‡K ai‡Z cvi‡e|

13
 MwZ
VVI mgm¨v-12: wPÎ-08 Abyhvqx P Ae¯’vb †_‡K GKwU cÖvB‡fU Kvi 21 ms-1 mg‡e‡M Pjv ïiæ Ki‡jv| GKB mg‡q Q Ae¯’v‡b
`uvwo‡q _vKv GKwU UªvK w¯’i Ae¯’v n‡Z 2 ms-2 Z¡i‡Y GKB w`‡K Pjv ïiæ Ki‡jv|

wPÎ-08
(i) UªvKwU 20 Zg †m‡K‡Û KZ `~iZ¡ AwZµg Ki‡e?
(ii) Pjvi c‡_ cÖvB‡fU Kvi Ges UªvKwU ci¯úi‡K KZevi AwZµg Ki‡e?
mgvavb: (i) [Hints: 20 Zg †m‡K‡Û AwZµvšÍ `~iZ¡ ej‡Z †evSvq, ïaygvÎ 20 bs †m‡KÛ A_©vr H GK †m‡K‡Û MvwowU KZ `~iZ¡
AwZµg Ki‡e|]

awi, 20 Zg †m‡K‡Û UªvKwUi AwZµvšÍ `~iZ¡ = s20

Avgiv Rvwb, GLv‡b,
1
s = ut + 2at2 UªvK Gi Avw`‡eM, ut = 0 ms-1
UªvK Gi Z¡iY, at = 2 ms-2
cÖ_g 19 †m‡K‡Û UªvK Gi AwZµvšÍ `~iZ¡ s1 n‡j,
1 s20 = ?
s1 = ut t1 + 2 at t12
1
= 0 + 2× 2 × (19)2 = 361 m
cÖ_g 20 †m‡K‡Û AwZµvšÍ `~iZ¡ s2 n‡j,
1
s2 = ut t2 + at t22
2
1
= 0 + 2× 2× (20)2 = 400 m
AZGe, 20 Zg †m‡K‡Û UªvKwUi AwZµvšÍ `~iZ¡, s20 = s2 - s1 = 400 - 361= 39 m

(ii) awi, t mgq c‡i cÖvB‡fU Kvi I UªvKwU ci¯úi‡K AwZµg Ki‡e|
‡h‡nZz UªvKwU w¯’i Ae¯’vb †_‡K hvÎv ïiæ K‡i, myZivs UªvK Gi Avw`‡eM, ut = 0 ms-1
1
t mgq ci Uªv‡Ki AwZµvšÍ `~iZ¡, st = ut t + 2 at t 2
1
ev, st = × 2 × t2 [⸪ at = 2 ms-2]
2
2
ev, st = t ----------(i)
Avevi, ‡h‡nZz cÖvB‡fU KviwU Uªv‡Ki 80 m †cQb †_‡K hvÎv ïiæ K‡i‡Q, myZivs UªvK‡K AwZµg Kivi Rb¨ GwUi AwZµvšÍ `~iZ¡ n‡e,
sC = st + 80 = uC t [⸪ mg‡eM]
ev, st + 80 = 21t
ev, t 2 − 21t + 80 = 0 [ (i) mgxKiY n‡Z]
ev, t = 16 s A_ev t = 5 s
‡h‡nZz mgq (t) Gi `ywU MÖnY‡hvM¨ gvb cvIqv hvq, myZivs Pjvi c‡_ cÖvB‡fU Kvi I UªvK `ywU ci¯úi‡K `yBevi AwZµg Ki‡e|

wPšÍv K‡iv: ‡Zvgiv wPšÍv K‡i †ei Ki‡e †h, cÖvB‡fU Kvi UªvK †K bvwK UªvK cªvB‡fU Kvi †K Av‡M AwZµg Ki‡e Ges Ggb `y&Bevi
AwZµg Kivi KviY Kx?

14
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cošÍ e¯‘ I cošÍ e¯‘i m~Îvewj
cošÍ e¯‘: †hme e¯‘ GKwU wbw`©ó D”PZv Ges w¯’i Ae¯’vb n‡Z AwfKl© e‡ji (c„w_exi AvKl©Y) cÖfv‡e gy³fv‡e co‡Z _v‡K Zv‡`i cošÍ
e¯‘ e‡j| †Lqvj K‡iv GLv‡b wZbwU kZ© Av‡Q:
1| wbw`©ó D”PZv †_‡K co‡e
2| w¯’i Ae¯’vb n‡Z co‡e (A_©vr e¯‘wUi †Kv‡bv Avw`‡eM _vK‡e bv) Ges
3| gy³fv‡e co‡Z n‡e (A_©vr e¯ÍwUi Dci AwfKl©R ej Qvov Avi †Kv‡bv ej wµqv Ki‡e bv)| †hgb: e¯‘wUi Dci evZv‡mi
†Kv‡bv evav _vK‡e bv|
hw` †Kv‡bv e¯‘ GB wZbwU kZ© †g‡b wb‡P c‡o Zvn‡jB †Kej Avgiv Zv‡K cošÍ e¯‘ ej‡ev| Avgiv MvQ †_‡K cvZv co‡Z, Avg co‡Z
‡`‡LwQ, GQvov Dci †_‡K †Kv‡bv wKQz †Q‡o w`‡j wb‡P co‡Z †`‡LwQ| me¸‡jvB cošÍ e¯‘i g‡Zv AvPiY K‡i| wKš‘ Avgv‡`i cwi‡e‡k
me©`v evZv‡mi evav _v‡K e‡j Av`k© cošÍ e¯Íy cvIqv hvq bv|

cošÍ e¯‘i m~Îvewj

cošÍ e¯‘ m¤ú‡K© weÁvbx M¨vwjwjI wZbwU m~Î cÖ`vb K‡ib| G‡`i‡K cošÍ e¯‘i m~Î e‡j| Z‡e m~θ‡jv †Kej w¯’i Ae¯’vb †_‡K webv
evavq cošÍ e¯‘i †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨|
cÖ_g m~Î: w¯’i Ae¯’vb I GKB D”PZv †_‡K webv evavq cošÍ mKj e¯‘ mgvb mg‡q mgvb c_ AwZµg Ki‡e|
e¨vL¨v: GKB D”PZv †_‡K GK UzK‡iv cv_i I GK UzK‡iv KvMR †Q‡o w`‡j GKB mv‡_ f‚wg‡Z †cuŠQv‡e| hw`I Avgiv cv_i‡K Av‡M
co‡Z †`wL KviY †mLv‡b evZv‡mi evav _v‡K| wKš‘ evqy k~b¨ ¯’v‡b cixÿvwU Ki‡j cv_i I KvMR Aek¨B GK mv‡_ f~wg‡Z ‡cuŠQv‡e|
KviY e¯‘i Dci AwfKl©R Z¡iY e¯Íi f‡ii Dci wbf©i K‡i bv| Kv‡RB fvwi Ges nvjKv mKj e¯‘ mgvb mg‡q mgvb c_ AwZµg Ki‡e|

wØZxq m~Î: w¯’i Ae¯’vb †_‡K webv evavq cošÍ mKj e¯‘i wbw`©ó mg‡q (t) cÖvß †eM (v) H mg‡qi mgvbycvwZK| A_©vr v ∝ t
e¨vL¨v: †Kv‡bv e¯‘ Dci †_‡K covi mgq hZ mgq AwZµvšÍ n‡e e¯‘i †eM ZZ e„w× cv‡e| G‡ÿ‡Î †eM mg‡qi mv‡_ mgvbycvwZK nv‡i
e„w× cv‡e|

Z…Zxq m~Î: w¯’i Ae¯’vb †_‡K webv evavq cošÍ mKj e¯‘ wbw`©ó mg‡q †h `~iZ¡ (h) AwZµg K‡i Zv H mg‡qi (t) e‡M©i mgvbycvwZK|
A_©vr h∝ t2
gy³fv‡e cošÍ e¯‘ t1, t2, t3 mg‡q h1, h2, h3 `~iZ¡ AwZµg Ki‡j,
h1 h2 h3
= = = aªæeK
t21 t22 t23
e¨vL¨v: ‡Kv‡bv e¯‘ Dci †_‡K covi mgq hZ mgq AwZevwnZ n‡e AwZµvšÍ `~iZ¡ ZZ evo‡e| G‡ÿ‡Î `~iZ¡ mg‡qi e‡M©i mgvbycvwZK
nv‡i e„w× cv‡e| myZivs mgq wظY n‡j AwZµvšÍ `~iZ¡ n‡e Pvi¸Y|

cošÍ e¯‘i mgxKiY

awi, †Kv‡bv e¯‘ u Avw`‡eM wb‡q AwfK‡l©i cÖfv‡e gy³ fv‡e co‡Q| e¯‘wU t mgq ci v †eM cªvß n‡q h `~i‡Z¡ †b‡g Av‡m| GB mg‡q
e¯‘wUi Dci AwfKl©R Z¡iY g wµqvkxj _v‡K|
myZivs, MwZi mgxKiY¸‡jv‡Z AwZµvšÍ `~iZ¡ s Gi cwie‡Z© h Ges a Gi cwie‡Z© g ewm‡q cvB,
(i) v = u + gt A_ev v = gt
1 1
(ii) h = ut + 2 gt 2 A_ev h = 2 gt 2
(iii) v 2 = u2 + 2gh A_ev v 2 = 2gh
KviY gy³fv‡e cošÍ e¯‘ w¯’i Ae¯’vb †_‡K c‡o, myZivs Avw`‡eM u = 0 ms-1 ejv hvq|
Dc‡ii w`‡K Lvov fv‡e wbwÿß e¯‘
Avgiv GZÿY gy³fv‡e cošÍ e¯‘ m¤ú‡K© †R‡bwQ| GLb Avgiv †mvRv (Lvovfv‡e) Dc‡ii w`‡K wbwÿß e¯‘ wb‡q Rvb‡ev|
Avgiv A‡bK mgq Dc‡ii w`‡K wewfbœ e¯‘ Qz‡o _vwK| †hgb: wµ‡KU ej, wXj BZ¨vw`| e¯‘¸‡jv GK`g Lvovfv‡e wb‡ÿc Kiv n‡j G‡`i
†eM, D”PZv †Kgb n‡e †mme m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡ev|

15
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cÖ‡qvRbxq Z_¨
• wb‡ÿcY †eM A_©vr Avw`‡eM m‡e©v”P n‡e|
• ‡h‡nZz e¯‘wU AwfKl© e‡ji wecixZ w`‡K †h‡Z _v‡K, ZvB cÖwZ †m‡K‡Û 9.8 ms-1 K‡i ‡eM n«vm cvq| myZivs e¯‘wUi g›`b
n‡e me©`v 9.8 ms-2|
‡h‡nZz e¯‘wUi Dci me©`v 9.8 ms-2 g›`b wµqvkxj _v‡K, myZivs e¯‘wU GKwU wbw`©ó D”PZv ch©šÍ †cuŠQv‡bvi ci †_‡g hv‡e| e¯‘wUi GB
wbw`©ó D”PZv-B n‡jv m‡e©v”P D”PZv|
myZivs m‡e©v”P D”PZvq e¯‘i †kl ‡eM (v) k~b¨ nq|
Avgiv MwZi mgxKiY¸‡jv‡Z a = - g Ges s= h ewm‡q Lvovfv‡e wbwÿß e¯‘i mgxKiY¸‡jv †c‡Z cvwi|
(i) v = u − gt
1
(ii) h = ut − 2 gt 2
(iii) v 2 = u2 − 2gh
cÖkœ: Lvovfv‡e wbwÿß e¯‘i †ÿ‡Î †`LvI †h, e¯‘wUi m‡e©v”P D”PZvq †cuŠQv‡Z Ges Avevi c~‡e©i Ae¯’v‡b wd‡i Avm‡Z GKB mgq jv‡M|
DËi: g‡b Kwi,
u Avw`‡e‡M wbwÿß †Kv‡bv GKwU e¯‘ t1 mg‡q m‡e©v”P D”PZv H G †cuŠQv‡jv|
Avgiv Rvwb, m‡e©v”P D”PZvq e¯‘i †kl ‡eM v = 0 ms-1
myZivs,
v = u - gt1
ev, 0 = u - gt1
ev, gt1 = u
u
ev, t1 = g ------------(i)
Avevi m‡e©v”P D”PZv †_‡K c„‡ô wd‡i Avmvi mgq e¯‘wUi Avw`‡eM n‡e 0 ms-1| †kl‡eM v n‡e wb‡ÿcY †eM u Gi mgvb|
GLb, m‡e©v”P D”PZv †_‡K e¯‘wUi c„‡ô wd‡i Avm‡Z t2 mgq jvM‡j Avgiv wjL‡Z cvwi,
v = u + gt2
ev, v = gt2 [∵ c„‡ô wd‡i Avmvi mgq Avw`‡eM k~b¨]
ev, u = gt2 [∵ cošÍ e¯‘wUi †kl †eM wb‡ÿcY †eM u Gi mgvb]
u
ev, t2 = g ------------(ii)
(i) Ges (ii) n‡Z †`Lv hvq, e¯‘wUi m‡e©v”P D”PZvq ‡h‡Z Ges Avevi c~‡e©i Ae¯’v‡b wd‡i Avm‡Z GKB mgq jv‡M|

Lvovfv‡e wbwÿß e¯‘i DÇqb Kv‡ji ivwkgvjv wbY©q

DÇqb Kvj: †Kv‡bv e¯‘‡K Lvov Dc‡ii w`‡K wb‡ÿc Ki‡j e¯‘wU c~‡e©i Ae¯’v‡b (wb‡ÿcY we›`y) wd‡i Avm‡Z †gvU †h mgq jv‡M Zv‡KB
DÇqb Kvj e‡j|
A_©vr
DÇqb Kvj, T = m‡e©v”P D”PZvq †h‡Z mgq + m‡e©v”P D”PZv †_‡K c~‡e©i Ae¯’v‡b wd‡i Avmvi mgq
= t1 + t 2
u u
= +
g g
2u
ev, T = g
Bnvq DÇqb Kv‡ji ivwkgvjv|

16
 MwZ
cošÍ I wbwÿß e¯‘ m¤úwK©Z MvwYwZK mgm¨vewj
mgm¨v-13: 60 m DuPz `vjv‡bi Qv` †_‡K †Kv‡bv e¯‘‡K †Q‡o w`‡j GwU KZ †e‡M f‚-c„‡ô AvNvZ Ki‡e?
mgvavb: Avgiv Rvwb, cošÍ e¯‘i †ÿ‡Î
v 2 = u2 + 2gh GLv‡b,
2 Avw`‡eM, u = 0 ms-1
ev, v = 2gh
ev, v 2 = 2× 9.8×60 Z¡iY, g = 9.8 ms-2
ev, v 2 = 1176 AwZµvšÍ `~iZ¡, h = 60 m
-1 ‡kl‡eM, v =?
∴ v = 34.29 ms

VVI mgm¨v-14: 29 ms-1 †e‡M Lvov Dc‡ii w`‡K wbwÿß GKwU e¯‘ m‡e©v”P KZ D”PZvq †cuŠQv‡e Ges H D”PZvq †cuŠQv‡Z KZ mgq
jvM‡e?
mgvavb: Avgiv Rvwb, m‡e©v”P D”PZvq e¯‘i †kl‡eM k~b¨ nq|
D”PZv wbY©q: Avgiv Rvwb, DaŸ©g~Lx †e‡Mi Rb¨,
v 2 = u2 − 2gh GLv‡b,
ev, 0 = (29)2 − 2 × 9.8 × h Avw`‡eM, u = 29 ms-1
ev, 19.6 h = 841 AwfKl©R Z¡iY, g = 9.8 ms-2
841
ev, h = 19.6 AwZµvšÍ `~iZ¡ ev m‡e©v”P D”PZv, h = ?
∴ h = 42.9 m mgq, t = ?
myZivs, e¯‘wU m‡e©v”P 42.9 m D”PZvq †cŠuQv‡e|
mgq wbY©q:
Avevi Avgiv Rvwb,
v = u − gt
ev, 0 = 29 – 9.8 t
29
ev, t = 9.8 = 2.96 s
myZivs m‡e©v”P D”PZvq †cuŠQv‡Z 2.96 s mgq jvM‡e|

Imp mgm¨v-15: GKwU e¯‘‡K 20 ms-1 †e‡M Lvov Dc‡ii w`‡K wb‡ÿc Kiv n‡jv| MwZc‡_i ga¨we›`y‡Z Zvi †eM KZ?
Hints: Avgiv cÖ_‡g MwZc‡_i ga¨we›`y wbY©q Ki‡ev hv n‡e m‡e©v”P D”PZvi A‡a©K| Zvici f‚wg n‡Z ‡mB D”PZvq †eM wbY©q Ki‡Z
n‡e|
mgvavb: Avgiv Rvwb,
wbwÿß e¯‘i m‡e©v”P D”PZv, GLv‡b,
u2 202
H = 2 g = 2× 9.8 Avw`‡eM, u = 20 ms-1
= 20.41 m AwfKl©R Z¡iY, g = 9.8 ms-2
H 20.41 m‡e©v”P D”PZv, H =?
MwZc‡_i ga¨we›`y, h = = = 10.2 m
2 2 ga¨we›`y‡Z ‡eM, v =?
myZivs, f‚wg n‡Z 10.2 m D”PZvq e¯‘wUi †eM n‡e,
v 2 = u2 − 2gh
ev, v 2 = 202 − 2×9.8×10.2
ev, v 2 = 200
∴ v = 14.14 ms-1
myZivs MwZc‡_i ga¨we›`y‡Z †eM 14.14 ms-1|

17
 MwZ
VVI mgm¨v-16: 30 ms-1 Avw`‡e‡M GKwU wµ‡KU ej‡K wbkvb Dc‡i Qz‡o gvi‡jv| GKB mg‡q 40 m `~i n‡Z dvinvb 2 ms-2
Z¡i‡Y w¯’i Ae¯’vb †_‡K ejwU‡K aivi Rb¨ †`Šo ïiæ Ki‡jv| f~wg‡Z covi c~‡e© ejwU‡K dvinvb ai‡Z cvi‡e wK?
DËi: awi, ejwU T mgq ci f‚wg‡Z co‡e Ges dvinvb t mg‡q ejwUi Kv‡Q †cuŠQv‡e|
Avgiv Rvwb, DÇqb Kvj
2u 2×30
GLv‡b,
T = g = 9.8 = 6.12 s e‡ji Avw`‡eM, u = 30 ms-1
myZivs, ejwU 6.12 s ci f~wg‡Z cwZZ n‡e| dvinv‡bi Avw`‡eM, uˊ = 0 ms-1
1
Avevi dvinv‡bi †ÿ‡Î, s = uˊt + 2at2 dvinv‡bi Z¡iY, a = 2 ms-2
1 `~iZ¡, s = 40 m
ev, 40 = 0 + 2×2× t2
ev, t2 = 40
∴ t = 6.32 s
myZivs, dvinvb 6.32 s ci ejwUi Kv‡Q G‡m †cuŠQv‡e|
GLv‡b, T < t
A_©vr ejwU f‚wg‡Z covi ci dvinvb ejwUi Kv‡Q G‡m †cuŠQv‡e|
myZivs f‚wg‡Z covi c~‡e© dvinvb ejwU ai‡Z cvi‡e bv|
VVI mgm¨v-17: 98 m DuPz GKwU wgbv‡ii P‚ov n‡Z GKwU e¯‘‡K †Q‡o ‡`Iqv n‡jv| GKB mg‡q
Ab¨ GKwU e¯‘‡K f‚wg n‡Z 24.5 ms-1 †e‡M Lvov Dc‡ii w`‡K wb‡ÿc Kiv n‡jv| KLb Ges
†Kv_vq e¯‘ `ywU wgwjZ n‡e?
mgvavb: g‡b Kwi, A e¯‘wU‡K wgbv‡ii P‚ov n‡Z †Q‡o †`Iqv n‡jv Ges B e¯‘wU‡K f‚wg n‡Z
wb‡ÿc Kiv n‡jv [wPÎ-09]|
awi, e¯‘ `ywU t mgq c‡i f‚wg n‡Z h D”PZvq wgwjZ n‡e|
A e¯‘i †ÿ‡Î:
A e¯‘wU t mgq c‡i (98- h) `~iZ¡ AwZµg Ki‡e|
myZivs A e¯‘i Rb¨, wPÎ-09
1
98 - h = (uAt) + 2 gt2
1
ev, 98 - h = gt2 --------(i) [⸪ A e¯‘wUi Avw`‡eM, uA = 0 ms-1 ]
2
B e¯‘i †ÿ‡Î:
B e¯‘wU t mg‡q h D”PZvq D‡V
myZivs B e¯‘i Rb¨,
1
h = (uB t) − 2 gt2
1
ev, h = 24.5t − 2 gt2 --------(ii) [⸪ B e¯‘wUi Avw`‡eM, uB = 24.5 ms-1 ]
h Gi gvb (i) bs G ewm‡q cvB,
1 1
98- 24.5t + 2 gt2 = gt2
2
ev, 24.5t = 98
ev, t = 4 s
t Gi gvb (ii) bs G ewm‡q cvB,
1
h = 24.5t − 2 gt2
1
ev, h = 24.5× 4 − ×9.8×42
2
ev, h = 19.6 m
18
 MwZ
myZivs, e¯‘ `ywU f~wg n‡Z 19.6 m D”PZvq Ges 4 s c‡i wgwjZ n‡e|

Hints: ‡Zvgv‡`i †Kv‡bv A¼ KwVb g‡b n‡j †Zvgiv wPÎ G‡K mgvavb Kivi †Póv Ki‡e| Zvn‡j Lye mn‡R mgvavb Ki‡Z cvi‡e|

MwZ I †jLwPÎ
Avgiv GB As‡k †Kv‡bv MwZkxj e¯‘i MwZi Ae¯’v Kv‡Z©kxq ¯’vbvsK e¨e¯’v (x-Aÿ Ges y-Aÿ) ev †jLwPÎ Øviv e¨vL¨v Ki‡ev| MwZkxj
e¯‘i wewfbœ DcvË ‡_‡K †jLwPÎ A¼b K‡i Zv †_‡K mn‡RB e¯‘i MwZi wewfbœ Ae¯’v †hgb: †eM, Z¡iY, `~iZ¡ BZ¨vw` wbY©q Ki‡Z cvi‡ev|
GRb¨ ïiæ‡Z Avgiv Xvj m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡ev|

Xvj ev bwZ (slope): Kv‡Z©kxq ¯’vbvsK e¨e¯’vq †Kv‡bv mij‡iLv ev eµ‡iLvi †Kv‡bv we›`y‡Z Aw¼Z ¯úk©K x-A‡ÿi abvZ¥K w`‡Ki
mv‡_ †h †KvY Drcbœ K‡i Zvi w·Kv‡YvwgwZK tangent-‡KB Xvj e‡j| ‡hgb:
GLv‡b wPÎ-10 Gi (i) Ges (ii) bs ‡jLwP‡Î h_vµ‡g GKwU mij‡iLv
Ges GKwU eµ‡iLv †`Lv‡bv n‡q‡Q| mij‡iLvwU x- A‡ÿi abvZ¥K
w`‡Ki mv‡_ θ1 Ges eµ‡iLvwUi P we›`y‡Z Aw¼Z ¯úk©K x- A‡ÿi
abvZ¥K w`‡Ki mv‡_ θ2 ‡KvY Drcbœ K‡i‡Q|
awi, mij‡iLv Ges eµ‡iLv `ywUi Xvj h_vµ‡g m1 Ges m2 n‡j
m1 = tan θ1 Ges m2 = tan θ2
w·Kv‡YvwgwZK m~Îvbymv‡i,
∆ OBM Ges ∆ ABM mg‡KvYx wÎfzR n‡Z cvB, wPÎ-10
BM BM
tan θ1 = OM Ges tan θ2 = AM
BM
myZivs, mij‡iLvwUi Xvj n‡e, m1 = tan θ1 = OM
BM
eµ‡iLvwUi P we›`y‡Z Xvj n‡e, m2 = tan θ2 = AM
Gfv‡e Avgiv †h †Kv‡bv ‡jLwP‡Îi Xvj †ei Ki‡Z cvi‡ev|

g‡b ivL: mij‡iLvi Xvj me©`v mgvb n‡e A_©vr aªæeK n‡e| KviY mij‡iLvi Dci †h †Kv‡bv we›`y‡Z ¯úk©K Uvb‡j Zv me©`v x- A‡ÿi
abvZ¥K w`‡Ki mv‡_ mgvb †KvY Drcbœ K‡i| wKš‘ eµ‡iLvi Xvj me©`v mgvb bq| eµ‡iLvi cÖwZwU we›`y‡Z Xvj wfbœ n‡e| KviY eµ‡iLvi
wewfbœ we›`y‡Z Aw¼Z ¯úk©K x- A‡ÿi abvZ¥K w`‡Ki mv‡_ wfbœ wfbœ †KvY Drcbœ K‡i|
GLb Avgiv wewfbœ cÖKv‡ii †jLwPÎ m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡ev|
▪ `~iZ¡-mgq †jLwPÎ (D”PviY: `~iZ¡ ebvg mgq †jLwPÎ)
mgq AwZevwnZ nevi mv‡_ mv†_ GKwU MwZkxj e¯‘i Ae¯’v‡bi cwieZ©b N‡U| e¯‘i AwZµvšÍ `~iZ¡ mg‡qi Dci wbf©i K‡i| GKwU QK
KvM‡Ri x- Aÿ eivei mgq (t) Ges y-Aÿ eivei H mg‡q AwZµvšÍ `~iZ¡ (s) ¯’vcb K‡i †h †jLwPÎ cvIqv hvq Zv‡K `~iZ¡-mgq
†jLwPÎ e‡j|
cÖkœ: †`LvI †h, `~iZ¡-mgq (miY-mgq) †jLwP‡Îi Xv‡ji
gvbB †eM wb‡`©k K‡i|
DËi: (K) mylg †e‡Mi †ÿ‡Î:
hLb GKwU e¯‘ mylg †e‡M P‡j ZLb †mwU mgvb mg‡q
mgvb `~iZ¡ AwZµg K‡i| myZivs x- Aÿ eivei
mgq (t) Ges y- Aÿ eivei `~iZ¡ (s) wb‡q †jLwPÎ A¼b
Ki‡j GKwU mij‡iLv cvIqv hv‡e [wPÎ-11]| †hgb: wb‡Pi
mviYx‡Z GKwU ‡gvUi mvB‡K‡ji 2 wgwbU cici MwZi
wPÎ-11
cwieZ©b †`Iqv n‡jv-

19
 MwZ
GLb Avgiv (ii) Gi †jLwP‡Îi Dci †h †Kv‡bv GKwU we›`y P ‡bB| P ‡_‡K x- A‡ÿi Dci PM j¤^ Uvwb| Zvn‡j †h‡Kv‡bv mgq, t =
OM Gi Rb¨ AwZµvšÍ `~iZ¡, s = PM cvIqv hvq|
`~iZ¡ PM mgq (t) `~iZ¡ (s)
Avgiv Rvwb, ‡eM = = OM
mgq min km
Avevi awi, mij‡iLvwU x- A‡ÿi abvZ¥K w`‡Ki mv‡_ θ †KvY Drcbœ K‡i| 0 0
AZGe, mij‡iLvwUi Xvj, m = tan θ 2 4
∆ OPM mg‡KvYx wÎfzR n‡Z cvIqv hvq, 4 8
j¤^ PM 6 12
tan θ = f~wg = OM = Xvj
¯úóZB †h, mij‡iLvwUi Xvj Ges e¯‘wUi †eM mgvb|
myZivs `~iZ¡ - mgq †jLwP‡Î Xv‡ji gvbB †eM wb‡`©k K‡i|
(L) Amg †e‡Mi †ÿ‡Î:
Avgiv Rvwb, Amg †e‡Mi †ÿ‡Î e¯‘wU mgvb mg‡q mgvb `~iZ¡ AwZµg K‡i bv, ZvB
†jLwPÎwU mij‡iLv n‡e bv| G‡ÿ‡Î x- Aÿ eivei mgq (t) Ges y- Aÿ eivei `~iZ¡
(s) wb‡q †jLwPÎ A¼b Ki‡j GKwU eµ‡iLv cvIqv hv‡e| wPÎ-12 G GKwU Amg †e‡M
MwZkxj e¯‘i `~iZ¡-mgq †jLwPÎ †`Iqv n‡jv|
‡jLwP‡Î eµ‡iLvi Dci †h‡Kv‡bv GKwU we›`y P ‡bIqv n‡jv| eµ‡iLvi Dcwiw¯’Z P
we›`y‡Z Xvj wbY©‡qi Rb¨ GKwU ¯úk©K Uvbv n‡jv hv x- A‡ÿi abvZ¥K w`‡Ki mv‡_ θ †KvY
Drcbœ K‡i|
P we›`y‡Z †eM wbY©q Ki‡Z Avgiv GKwU mg‡KvYx wÎfzR ∆ ABC we‡ePbv Kwi| wÎfzR
n‡Z ¯úóZB †h, †h‡Kv‡bv mgq, t = AC Gi Rb¨ AwZµvšÍ `~iZ¡, s = BC cvIqv hvq| wPÎ-12
Avgiv Rvwb,
`~iZ¡ BC
†eM = = AC
mgq
j¤^ BC
Ges Xvj, m = tan θ = = AC [∆ ABC mg‡KvYx wÎfzR n‡Z]
f~wg
myZivs G‡ÿ‡ÎI eµ‡iLvi Dcwiw¯’Z †Kv‡bv we›`y‡Z Xv‡ji gvbB H we›`y‡Z †eM wb‡`©k K‡i| eµ‡iLvi wfbœ wfbœ we›`y‡Z Xv‡ji wfbœ wfbœ
gv‡bi Rb¨ †e‡Mi gvbI wfbœ wfbœ nq|
myZivs `~iZ¡-mgq †jLwP‡Îi Xv‡ji gvbB †eM wb‡`©k K‡i|

g‡b ivL: `~iZ¡-mgq †jLwPÎ †_‡K ‡KejgvÎ ‡e‡Mi aviYv cvIqv hvq| †jLwPÎ mij‡iLv n‡j †m‡ÿ‡Î eyS‡Z n‡e e¯‘wU mylg ‡e‡M
Pjgvb Ges eµ‡iLv n‡j e¯‘wU Amg ‡e‡M Pjgvb|
‡eM-mgq †jLwPÎ
GKwU QK KvM‡Ri x- Aÿ eivei mgq (t) Ges y-Aÿ eivei †eM (v) wb‡q †jLwPÎ A¼b Kiv n‡j
ZvB †eM-mgq †jLwPÎ|
(K) mg‡e‡Mi †ÿ‡Î:
cÖkœ: †eM-mgq †j‡L mg‡e‡Mi †jL †Kgb n‡e? e¨vL¨v K‡iv|
DËi: mg‡e‡Mi †ÿ‡Î †h‡nZz e¯‘i †e‡Mi cwieZ©b nq bv, ZvB †eM-mgq †jLwPÎwU x- Aÿ A_©vr mgq
A‡ÿi mgvšÍivj mij‡iLv n‡e [wPÎ-13]| wPÎ-13
e¨vL¨v: ‡jLwP‡Î OX I OY A‡ÿ h_vµ‡g mgq I †eM wb‡j BC mij‡iLvwU mg‡eM wb‡`©k K‡i hv mgq Aÿ OX Gi mgvšÍivj|
(L) Amg ‡e‡Mi †ÿ‡Î: G‡ÿ‡Î †h‡nZz mg‡qi mv‡_ mv‡_ e¯‘i †e‡Mi gv‡bi cwieZ©b nq, ZvB †jLwPÎwU x- A‡ÿi mgvšÍivj Qvov
†h‡Kv‡bv ai‡Yi n‡Z cv‡i| †hgb:
GLv‡b wPÎ-14 Gi

20
 MwZ

(i)- mgnv‡i †eM e„w× (mgZ¡iY) wb‡`©k K‡i|

(ii)- Amgnv‡i †eM e„w× (Amg Z¡iY) wb‡`©k K‡i|
(iii)- mgnv‡i †eM n«vm (mg g›`b) wb‡`©k K‡i|
(iv)- Amgnv‡i †eM n«vm (Amg g›`b) wb‡`©k K‡i|

wPÎ-14

cÖkœ: †`LvI †h, †eM-mgq †jLwP‡Î Xvj Gi gvbB Z¡iY wb‡`©k K‡i|
DËi: (K) mgZ¡i‡Yi †ÿ‡Î:
hLb GKwU e¯‘ mgZ¡i‡Y MwZkxj _v‡K ZLb mgvb mg‡q †e‡Mi e„w× mgvb nq| G‡ÿ‡Î x- Aÿ eivei mgq (t) Ges y-Aÿ eivei †eM
(v) wb‡q †jLwPÎ A¼b Kiv n‡j GKwU mij‡iLv cvIqv hvq [wPÎ-15]| GLb GB †jLwP‡Îi Dci †h‡Kv‡bv GKwU we›`y P ‡bIqv n‡jv|
P †_‡K x- A‡ÿi Dci PM j¤^ Uvwb| Zvn‡j †h‡Kv‡bv mgq, t = OM Gi Rb¨ †e‡Mi cwieZ©b
PM cvIqv †M‡jv|
myZivs
‡e‡Mi cwieZ©b PM
Z¡iY = =
mgq OM
awi, mij‡iLvwU x- A‡ÿi abvZ¥K w`‡Ki mv‡_ θ †KvY Drcbœ K‡i| myZivs, ∆ OPM mg‡KvYx
wÎfzR n‡Z cvIqv hvq,
j¤^ PM
tan θ = = OM = Xvj
f~wg
myZivs †eM-mgq †jLwP‡Î Xvj Gi gvbB Z¡iY wb‡`©k K‡i| wPÎ-15

(L) Amg Z¡i‡Yi †ÿ‡Î:

Amg Z¡i‡Yi †ÿ‡Î MwZkxj †Kv‡bv e¯‘i †eM e„w× mg‡qi mv‡_ mgvb nq bv, ZvB †eM-mgq †jLwPÎwU eµ‡iLv nq [wPÎ-16]|
D³ eµ‡iLvi Dci †h‡Kv‡bv GKwU we›`y P ‡bIqv n‡jv| P we›`y‡Z Xvj wbY©‡qi Rb¨ GKwU ¯úk©K Uvbv n‡jv hv x- A‡ÿi abvZ¥K
w`‡Ki mv‡_ θ †KvY Drcbœ K‡i|
P we›`y‡Z Z¡iY wbY©q Ki‡Z Avgiv GKwU mg‡KvYx wÎfzR ∆ DEF we‡ePbv Kwi| wÎfzR n‡Z
¯úóZB †h, †h‡Kv‡bv mgq, t = EF Gi Rb¨ ‡e‡Mi cwieZ©b, v = DF cvIqv hvq|
Avgiv Rvwb,
‡e‡Mi cwieZ©b DF
Z¡iY = =
mgq EF
Ges
j¤^ DF
Xvj, m = tan θ = = = Z¡iY [ ∆ DEF mg‡KvYx wÎfzR n‡Z]
f~wg EF
wPÎ-16
myZivs †eM-mgq †jLwP‡Î Xvj Gi gvbB Z¡iY wb‡`©k K‡i|
g‡b ivL: ‡eM-mgq †jLwPÎ †_‡K ‡KejgvÎ Z¡i‡Yi aviYv cvIqv hvq| †jLwPÎwU mij‡iLv n‡j †m‡ÿ‡Î eyS‡Z n‡e e¯‘wU mgZ¡i‡Y
Pjgvb Ges eµ‡iLv n‡j e¯‘wU Amg Z¡i‡Y Pjgvb|

21
 MwZ
‡jLwP‡Îi e¨vL¨v
wPÎ-17 G ‡`Lv‡bv †jLwPÎ `ywU †_‡K †Kv‡bv MwZkxj e¯‘i MwZ m¤ú‡K© Kx Kx aviYv cvIqv †h‡Z cv‡i Zv D‡jøL Kiv n‡jv!!

wPÎ-17
1. (i) bs †jLwPÎwU †Kv‡bv MwZkxj e¯‘i mg‡eM (miY-mgq) A_ev mgZ¡iY (†eM-mgq) wb‡`©k K‡i|
2. (i) bs †jLwP‡Îi OP mij‡iLvi Xvj-B n‡e †Kv‡bv e¯‘i mg‡eM ev mgZ¡iY|
3. (i) bs wP‡Îi miY-mgq ‡j‡Li mgxKiY n‡e s = vt
4. (ii) bs wP‡Îi eµ‡iLvwU †Kv‡bv MwZkxj e¯‘i Amg ‡eM (miY-mgq) A_ev Amg Z¡iY (†eM-mgq) wb‡`©k K‡i|
5. (ii) bs wP‡Îi eµ‡iLvwUi wfbœ wfbœ we›`y‡Z Xv‡ji gvb wfbœ wfbœ nIqvq ‡e‡Mi ev Z¡i‡Yi gvbI wfbœ wfbœ n‡e|
6. Dfq †jLwPÎB GKgvwÎK ev †mvRv iv¯Ívq †mvRvfv‡e PjšÍ Mvwoi MwZ wb‡`©k K‡i|
7. (ii) bs †jLwPÎ Øviv †evSv hvq †h, MvwowU mij‡iLvq MwZkxj wKš‘ wfbœ wfbœ mg‡q Gi †eM ev Z¡iY wfbœ wfbœ n‡e|

cv‡ki wPÎ-18 jÿ¨ K‡iv| GLv‡b MwZi wewfbœ Ae¯’v

†`Lv‡bv n‡q‡Q|

g‡b ivL: ‡jLwPÎ m¤úwK©Z MvwYwZK mgm¨v mgvav‡bi mgq

Aek¨B GKK Gi w`‡K jÿ¨ ivL‡Z n‡e| †hgb: wPÎ-18
Gi †jLwPÎ `ywU‡ZB SI GKK e¨envi Kiv n‡q‡Q|

wPÎ-18
‡jLwPÎ m¤úwK©Z MvwYwZK mgm¨vewj
VVI mgm¨v-01: wb‡P wPÎ-19 G GKwU Mvwoi MwZ‡eM †`Lv‡bv n‡jv| wP‡Îi Av‡jv‡K wb‡¤œv³ cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI|

cÖkœmg~n wPÎ-19
1. ‡jLwP‡Îi †Kvb we›`y‡Z †eM m‡e©v”P Ges me©wb¤œ wQj ?
2. MvwowUi g›`b wbY©q K‡iv|
3. MvwowUi O †_‡K C ch©šÍ AwZµvšÍ `~iZ¡ wbY©q K‡iv|
4. MvwowU KZ mgq a‡i mg‡e‡M Ges mgg›`‡b P‡jwQj?
5. OA, AB, BC, CD, DE c‡_ MvwowUi MwZ e¨vL¨v K‡iv| A_ev †`LvI †h, MvwowUi Z¡iY wewfbœ mg‡q wewfbœ|
22
 MwZ
6. MwZkxj MvwowUi †eM-mgq ‡jLwPÎ †_‡K Z¡iY-mgq ‡jLwPÎ A¼b K‡iv|
7. OA, AB, BC †iLvi Xvj KZ?
mgvavb:
1. ‡jLwPÎ †_‡K †`Lv hvq, A, B I E we›`y‡Z †eM m‡e©v”P hv 20 ms-1 wQj Ges O we›`y‡Z †eM me©wb¤œ hv 0 ms-1 wQj|
2. MvwowUi †Kej BC As‡k g›`b N‡UwQj| myZivs BC As‡ki g›`b †ei Ki‡Z n‡e|
Avgiv Rvwb, GLv‡b,
v−u
Z¡iY, a = t Avw`‡eM, u = 20 ms-1
10−20
= ‡kl‡eM, v = 10 ms-1
3
= −3.33 ms-2 mgq, t = (8-5) =3 s
Z¡iY, a =?
3. MvwowU O †_‡K C ch©šÍ †h‡Z wZb av‡c `~iZ¡ AwZµg K‡i|
avc-01: OA c‡_i `~iZ¡:
Avgiv Rvwb, GLv‡b, OA c‡_ MvwowU mgZ¡i‡Y P‡jwQj
u+v
`~iZ¡, s = ( )t Avw`‡eM, u = 0 ms-1
2
= (
0+20
)×3 ‡kl‡eM, v = 20 ms-1
2 mgq, t = (3-0) =3 s
= 30 m
`~iZ¡, s =?
avc-02: AB c‡_i `~iZ¡:
Avgiv Rvwb, GLv‡b, AB c‡_ MvwowU mg‡e‡M P‡j‡Q
`~iZ¡, s = vt ‡eM, v = 20 ms-1
= 20×2 mgq, t = (5-3) =2 s
= 40 m `~iZ¡, s =?
avc-03: BC c‡_i `~iZ¡:
Avgiv Rvwb,
u+v GLv‡b, BC c‡_ MvwowU mgg›`‡b P‡jwQj
`~iZ¡, s = ( )t Avw`‡eM, u = 20 ms-1
2
20+10
=( )×3 ‡kl‡eM, v = 10 ms-1
2
= 45 m mgq, t = (8-5) =3 s
`~iZ¡, s =?
myZivs, †gvU `~iZ¡ = (OA + AB + BC) c‡_i `~iZ¡ = (30+40+45) = 115 m
AZGe, MvwowU O †_‡K C ch©šÍ †h‡Z 115 m `~iZ¡ AwZµg K‡i|

4. MvwowU AB Ges CD c‡_ mg‡e‡M P‡jwQj| GB c_ AwZµg Ki‡Z MvwowUi †gvU (2+2) = 4 s mgq †j‡MwQj|
BC c‡_ MvwowU mgg›`‡b P‡jwQj| GB c_ AwZµg Ki‡Z MvwowUi 3 s mgq †j‡MwQj|
5.
• ‡jLwP‡Î OA GKwU DaŸ©gyLx mij‡iLv, ZvB GB c‡_ MvwowUi †eM mgnv‡i e„w× †c‡qwQj| A_©vr OA c‡_ MvwowU mgZ¡i‡Y
P‡jwQj|
• AB ‡iLvwU x-A‡ÿi mgvšÍivj, ZvB GB c‡_ MvwowUi †e‡Mi †Kv‡bv cwieZ©b nqwb| A_©vr GB mgq MvwowUi Z¡iY N‡U wb|
• BC GKwU wb¤œgyLx mij‡iLv, ZvB GB c‡_ MvwowUi †eM mgnv‡i n«vm †c‡qwQj| A_©vr BC c‡_ MvwowU mgg›`‡b P‡jwQj|
• ‡h‡nZy CD †iLvwUI x-A‡ÿi mgvšÍivj| myZivs GB c‡_I MvwowUi Z¡iY N‡U wb|

23
 MwZ
• Avevi ‡h‡nZy DE GKwU DaŸ©gyLx mij‡iLv| myZivs GB c‡_ MvwowU mgZ¡i‡Y P‡jwQj|

MvwYwZK e¨vL¨v:
OA Gi †ÿ‡Î: AB Gi †ÿ‡Î:
v−u
a1 = v−u
t a2 =
20−0 t
= = 6.66 ms-2 =
20−20
= 0 ms-2
3
2
BC Gi †ÿ‡Î:
v−u
CD Gi †ÿ‡Î:
a3 = v−u
t a4 =
10−20 t
= = - 3.33 ms-2 10−10
3 = = 0 ms-2
2
DE Gi †ÿ‡Î:
v−u 20−10
a5 = = = 3.33 ms-2
t 3
‡h‡nZz, OA, AB, BC, CD, DE c‡_ MvwowUi Z¡iY hv_vµ‡g 6.66 ms-2, 0 ms-2, - 3.33 ms-2, 0 ms-2, 3.33 ms-
2
| myZivs, MvwowUi Z¡iY wewfbœ mg‡q wewfbœ|

6. 5 bs mgvavb †_‡K cvIqv hvq †h OA, AB, BC, CD, DE c‡_ MvwowUi Z¡iY hv_vµ‡g 6.66 ms-2, 0 ms-2, - 3.33
ms-2, 0 ms-2, 3.33 ms-2 |
Dc‡iv³ Z_¨ †_‡K Z¡iY-mgq ‡jLwPÎ A¼b Kiv n‡jv [wPÎ-20]|

mgq (t) Z¡iY (a)

s ms-2
0-3 6.66
3-5 0 wPÎ-20
5-8 -3.33
8-10 0
10-13 3.33

7. Avgiv Rvwb, †eM-mgq †jLwP‡Îi Xvj Gi gvb-B Z¡iY wb‡`©k K‡i| myZivs, OA, AB, BC c‡_ MvwowUi Z¡iY-B mij‡iLv
¸‡jvi Xvj n‡e|
AZGe OA, AB, BC mij‡iLv ¸‡jvi Xvj h_vµ‡g 6.66, 0, - 3.33|
wb‡R K‡iv: wb‡P wPÎ-21 G GKwU Mvwoi MwZ‡eM †`Lv‡bv n‡jv| †jLwPÎ †_‡K wb‡¤œv³ cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi wb‡R K‡iv|

wPÎ-21

24
 MwZ
cÖkœmg~n
1. MvwowUi Avw`‡eM I †kl‡eM KZ? DËi: 5 kmh-1 Ges 20 kmh-1
2. AB, BC I CD c‡_i `~iZ¡ wbY©q K‡iv| DËi: 25 m, 41.67 m Ges 29.17 m
3. AB, BC I CD As‡ki Z¡iY wbY©q K‡iv| DËi: 0.93 ms-2, 0 ms-2, -0.69 ms-2
4. MvwowUi †eM-mgq ‡jLwP·K Z¡iY-mgq †jLwP‡Î iƒcvšÍi K‡iv|
5. MvwowU KZ mgq mgZ¡i‡Y P‡jwQj? DËi: MvwowU †gvU 16 s mgZ¡i‡Y P‡jwQj| Gi g‡a¨ CD c‡_i 6 s mgg›`bI AšÍf©y³|
Hints: GLv‡b MvwowUi Avw`‡eM 5 kmh-1 nIqvq ‡jLwPÎwU g~jwe›`y †_‡K ïiæ nq wb| mgZ¡iY ej‡Z mgZ¡iY Ges mgg›`b
Dfq‡KB †evSvq| cÖkœ¸‡jv mgvavb Kivi Av‡M kmh-1 GKK †K SI GK‡K iæcvšÍi Ki‡Z n‡e|
wb‡R K‡iv: wb‡P wPÎ-22 G GKwU Mvwoi MwZ‡eM †`Lv‡bv n‡jv| †jLwPÎ †_‡K wb‡¤œv³ cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi wb‡R K‡iv|

wPÎ-22

cÖkœmg~n
1. A we›`y‡Z Mvwoi †eM -5 ms-1 ej‡Z Kx eySvq? Ges †Kvb we›`y‡Z Mvwoi †eM k~b¨?
2. MvwowUi m‡e©v”P †eM KZ Ges 16 s ci †eM KZ?
3. Mvwoi †kl ‡eM KZ? MvwowU wK †kl ch©šÍ _vg‡e? Zzwg Kx g‡b K‡iv?
mgvavb:
1. A we›`y‡Z Mvwoi †eM -5 ms-1 ej‡Z †evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q, MvwowU †cQ‡bi w`‡K m‡i‡Q| ZvB †eM FbvZ¥K| B Ges H we›`y‡Z MvwowUi
†eM k~b¨|
2. m‡e©v”P †eM 25 ms-1 Ges 16 s ci †eM 15 ms-1|
3. MvwowU _vg‡e KviY †kl‡eM k~b¨|

‡jLwPÎ m¤úwK©Z m„Rbkxj

VVI m„Rbkxj-01: wb‡Pi Q‡K GKwU Mvwoi MwZi DcvË †`qv n‡jv| Gi Av‡jv‡K cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI|

‡eM (ms-1) 0 10 20 30 40 50 60
mgq (s) 0 4 8 12 16 20 24

M. DÏxc‡Ki Z‡_¨i Av‡jv‡K 6ô †m‡K‡Û AwZµvšÍ `~iZ¡ wbY©q K‡iv|

N. cÖ`Ë Z‡_¨i Av‡jv‡K †jLwPÎ A¼b K‡iv Ges Gi Xvj (slope) wbY©q K‡iv|
mgvavb:
M. DÏxcK n‡Z, Avw`‡eM, u = 0 ms-1
Ges t = 8 s c‡i †eM, v = 20 ms-1
v−u 20−0
∴ Z¡iY, a = t
= 8
= 2.5 ms-2

25
 MwZ
cÖ_g 5 s -G AwZµvšÍ `~iZ¡ s1 n‡j,
1 1
s1 = ut1 + 2at12 = 0×5+2×2.5×52 = 31.25 m
cÖ_g 6 s -G AwZµvšÍ `~iZ¡ s2 n‡j,
1 1
s2 = ut2 + 2at22 = 0×6 + 2×2.5×6 2 = 45 m
myZivs, 6ô †m‡K‡Û AwZµvšÍ `~iZ¡,
s6 = s2 – s1 = 45 − 31.25= 13.75 m

N. DÏxc‡Ki QK n‡Z MÖvd KvM‡Ri x-Aÿ eivei mgq (t) Ges y-Aÿ
eivei †eM (v ) ¯’vcb K‡i ‡jLwPÎ A¼b Kwi [wPÎ-23]|
‡jLwPÎwU g~jwe›`yMvgx mij‡iLv hv mgZ¡iY wb‡`©k K‡i|
GLb OP mij‡iLvi Ici A I B `ywU we›`y we‡ePbv K‡i cvB, wPÎ-23
BC 50−20
Xvj = A C = = 2.5
20−8
myZivs, cÖvß †jLwP‡Îi Xvj 2.5|

VVI m„Rbkxj-02
mgZj iv¯Ívq GKwU MwZkxj Mvwoi wewfbœ mg‡q cÖvß †e‡Mi gvb wb‡Pi Q‡K †`Iqv n‡jv|

mgq (min) 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
‡eM (ms-1) 4 8 12 16 16 16 8 0
M. cÖ_g 10 wgwb‡U MvwowU KZ `~iZ¡ AwZµg Ki‡e?
N. DÏxc‡Ki Z‡_¨i Av‡jv‡K mgq-‡eM †jLwPÎ A¼b K‡i MwZ‡eM we‡kølY K‡iv|
mgvavb:
M. cÖ_g 6 wgwbU MvwowU Amg ‡e‡M Pjgvb| G‡ÿ‡Î AwZµvšÍ `~iZ¡,
u+v
s1 = ( )t GLv‡b,
2
4+16
=( ) × 360 Avw`‡eM, u = 4 ms-1
2
= 3600 m ‡kl‡eM, v = 16 ms-1
mgq, t = 6 min = 360 s
cieZ©x 10 – 6 = 4 wgwbU MvwowU mg‡e‡M Pjgvb| G‡ÿ‡Î AwZµvšÍ `~iZ¡,
s2 = vt GLv‡b,
= 16×240 mg‡eM, v = 16 ms-1
= 3840 m mgq, t = 4 min = 240 s
myZivs 10 wgwb‡U MvwowUi †gvU AwZµvšÍ `~iZ¡,
s1 + s2 = 3600 + 3840 = 7440 m

N. GLv‡b X Aÿ eivei mgq (t) Ges Y Aÿ eivei †eM (v) wb‡q †eM ebvg mgq
†jLwPÎ A¼b Kiv n‡jv [wPÎ-24]| GB ‡jLwP‡Îi Xvj †_‡K e¯‘wUi Z¡iY cvIqv hvq|
MvwowU 4 ms-1 †e‡M hvÎv ïiæ K‡i Ges 6 wgwbU mgZ¡i‡Y P‡j B we›`y‡Z †cuŠQvq|
†hLv‡b MvwowU m‡e©v”P 16 ms-1 ‡eM AR©b K‡i| cieZ©x‡Z 4 wgwbU MvwowU mg‡e‡M
P‡j C we›`y‡Z †cuŠQvq| AZ:ci mylg g›`‡b 4 wgwbU P‡j MvwowU †_‡g hvq|

wPÎ-24
26
 MwZ
¸iæZ¡c~Y© Ávbg~jK cÖkœ
1| miY Kv‡K e‡j? 11| Z¦iY Kv‡K e‡j?
2| MwZ Kv‡K e‡j? 12| mylg Z¡iY ev mgZ¡iY Kv‡K e‡j?
3| AwfKl©R Z¡iY Kv‡K e‡j? 13| ZvrÿwYK †eM Kv‡K e‡j?
4| †f±i ivwk Kv‡K e‡j? 14| mg‡eM ev mylg †eM wK?
5| ch©ve„Ë MwZ Kv‡K e‡j? 15| ¯ú›`b MwZ Kv‡K e‡j?
6| AwfKl©R Z¡i‡Yi gvÎv wjL| 16| †¯‹jvi ivwk Kv‡K e‡j?
7| Amg Z¡iY Kv‡K e‡j? 17| cošÍ e¯‘i 3q m~ÎwU wjL|
8| ZvrÿwYK `ªæwZ Kv‡K e‡j? 18| cÖm½ KvVv‡gv Kv‡K e‡j?
9| g›`b Kv‡K e‡j? 19| ˆiwLK MwZ wK?
10| `ªæwZ Kv‡K e‡j? 20| ZvrÿwYK Z¡iY Kv‡K e‡j?

¸iæZ¡c~Y© Abyavebg~jK cÖkœ

1| mKj ¯ú›`b MwZ ch©vqe„Ë MwZ wKš‘ mKj ch©vqe„Ë MwZ ¯ú›`b MwZ bq- e¨vL¨v K‡iv|
2| †¯‹jvi ivwk I †f±i ivwki g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ wjL|
3| Nwoi KvUvi MwZ ch©ve„Ë n‡jI ¯ú›`b MwZ bq- e¨vL¨v K‡iv|
4| †eM I `ªæwZi g‡a¨ `ywU cv_©K¨ wjL|
5| Ò†e‡Mi cwieZ©b bv n‡j Z¡iY _v‡K bvÓ- e¨vL¨v K‡iv|
A_ev mg‡e‡M Pjgvb e¯‘i Z¡iY k~b¨ †Kb?
6| †Kv‡bv e¯‘i Z¡iY 10 ms-2 c~e©w`‡K ej‡Z Kx eyS?
7| †eM-mgq †j‡L mg‡e‡Mi †jL †Kgb n‡e? e¨vL¨v K‡iv|
8| cošÍ e¯‘ m¤ú‡K© M¨vwjwjI Gi Z„Zxq m~ÎwU e¨vL¨v K‡iv|
9| ÒG gnvwe‡k^i mKj w¯’wZB Av‡cwÿK- mKj MwZB Av‡cwÿKÓ- e¨vL¨v K‡iv|
10| mylg `ªæwZ‡Z Pjgvb e¯‘i †eM mylg bvI n‡Z cv‡i- e¨vL¨v K‡iv|
DËi: `ªæwZ n‡”Q mg‡qi mv‡_ Ae¯’vb cwieZ©‡bi nvi| GwU GKwU †¯‹jvi ivwk| Ab¨ w`‡K †eM n‡”Q mg‡qi mv‡_ mi‡Yi cwieZ©‡bi
nvi| GwU GKwU †f±i ivwk| mg‡qi mv‡_ hw` `ªywZi gvb cwieZ©b bv nq Zv‡K mylg `ªæwZ ejv nq| A_©vr ‡Kv‡bv e¯‘ mijc‡_ ev eµc‡_
†hfv‡eB PjyK bv †Kb mg‡qi mv‡_ `ªywZi gvb AcwieZ©xZ _vK‡j Zv n‡e mylg `ªæwZ| Ab¨ w`‡K †eM mylg n‡Z n‡j mg‡qi mv‡_ †e‡Mi
gvb Ges w`K `y‡UvB AcwieZ©xZ _vK‡Z n‡e| myZivs, e¯‘i ‡eM mylg n‡j `ªæwZ Aek¨B mylg n‡e, Z‡e mylg `ªæwZ‡Z Pjgvb e¯‘i †eM
mylg bvI n‡Z cv‡i|
11| GKwU we›`yi mv‡c‡ÿ †Kv‡bv e¯‘i `~i‡Z¡i cwieZ©b bv n‡jI Ae¯’v‡bi cwieZ©b n‡Z cv‡i- e¨vL¨v K‡iv|
DËi: GKwU we›`yi mv‡c‡ÿ †Kv‡bv e¯‘i `~iZ¡ GKwU †¯‹jvi ivwk| Ab¨w`‡K Ae¯’vb Øviv e¯‘wU we›`y n‡Z KZ `~‡ i Ges †Kvb w`‡K Av‡Q
Zv †evSvq| D`vniYmiƒc e„ËvKvi c‡_ MwZkxj e¯‘i K_v D‡jøL Kiv hvq| Gÿ‡Î e„ËvKvi c‡_i †K›`ª n‡Z e¯‘i `~iZ¡ me©`v mgvb _v‡K|
wKš‘ Ae¯’vb cÖwZ gyn~‡Z©B cwieZ©b nq| ZvB GKwU we›`yi mv‡c‡ÿ †Kv‡bv e¯‘i `~i‡Z¡i cwieZ©b bv n‡jI Ae¯’v‡bi cwieZ©b n‡Z cv‡i|
12| ZvrÿwYK `ªæwZ ej‡Z wK eyS? e¨vL¨v K‡iv|
DËi: AwZ ÿz`ª mgq e¨eav‡b ‡Kv‡bv e¯‘i `~i‡Z¡i cwieZ©‡bi nvi‡K ZvrÿwYK `ªæwZ e‡j| AwZ ÿz`ª mgq ∆t e¨eav‡b hw` e¯‘i ∆d
`~i‡Z¡i cwieZ©b nq, Zvn‡j
∆d
ZvrÿwYK `ªæwZ = ∆t
GLv‡b, ∆d Øviv `~i‡Z¡i cwieZ©b Ges ∆t Øviv mg‡qi cwieZ©b wb‡`©k K‡i|

27
 MwZ
13| PjšÍ evm n‡Z evB‡ii MvQcvjv¸‡jv‡K MwZkxj g‡b nq- e¨vL¨v K‡iv
DËi: PjšÍ evm n‡Z evB‡ii MvQcvjv¸‡jv MwZkxj g‡b nq| KviY evm †h †e‡M MwZkxj _v‡K, evB‡ii †Kv‡bv w¯’i e¯‘‡K ev‡mi mv‡c‡ÿ
ev‡mi MwZi wecixZ w`‡K Av‡cwÿKfv‡e MwZkxj g‡b nq| d‡j PjšÍ evm‡K cÖm½ KvVv‡gv wn‡m‡e ai‡j MvQ¸‡jv‡K Av‡cwÿK †e‡Mi
Kvi‡Y MwZkxj g‡b nq|
14| Pjb MwZ Ges N~Y©b MwZi g‡a¨ `yBwU cv_©K¨ wjL|
DËi: Pjb MwZ Ges N~Y©b MwZi g‡a¨ `yBwU cv_©K¨ wb‡P †`Iqv n‡jv:
Pjb MwZ N~Y©b MwZ
(i) Pjb MwZm¤úbœ e¯‘i cÖ‡Z¨KwU KYv GKB w`‡K mgvb mg‡q (i) N~Y©b MwZm¤úbœ e¯‘ †Kv‡bv we›`y ev Aÿ‡K ‡K›`ª K‡i Nyi‡Z
mgvb `~iZ¡ AwZµg K‡i| _v‡K|
(ii) Pjb MwZm¤úbœ e¯‘ Zvi MwZ c‡_i †Kv‡bv we›`y‡K GKB (ii) N~Y©b MwZm¤úbœ e¯‘ Zvi MwZ c‡_i ‡Kv‡bv we›`y‡K GKB
w`K †_‡K evievi AwZµg K‡i bv| w`K †_‡K evievi AwZµg K‡i|

15| mij †`vj‡Ki MwZ ¯ú›`b MwZ †Kb?

DËi: ch©ve„Ë MwZm¤úbœ †Kv‡bv e¯‘ hw` ch©vqKv‡ji A‡a©K mgq †Kv‡bv wbw`©ó w`‡K Ges evwK A‡a©K mgq GKB c‡_ Zvi wecixZ w`‡K
P‡j Z‡e H e¯‘i MwZ‡K ¯ú›`b MwZ e‡j| mij †`vjK Zvi ch©vqKv‡ji A‡a©K mgq GKw`‡K Ges evwK A‡a©K mgq GKB c‡_ Zvi
wecixZ w`‡K MwZkxj nq| GRb¨ mij †`vj‡Ki MwZ ¯ú›`b MwZ|
16| c„w_exi †K‡›`ª e¯‘i IRb k~b¨ †Kb?
DËi: Avgiv Rvwb, IRb = e¯‘i fi × AwfKl©R Z¡iY| ‡h‡nZz, c„w_exi †K‡›`ª AwfKl©R Z¡i‡Yi gvb k~b¨, †m‡nZz c„w_exi †K‡›`ª e¯‘i
IRb k~b¨|
17| m~‡h©i Pviw`‡K c„w_exi MwZ †Kvb ai‡bi MwZ? e¨vL¨v K‡iv|
DËi: m~‡h©i Pviw`‡K c„w_exi MwZ ch©ve„Ë MwZ| hLb †Kv‡bv e¯‘ GKwU wbw`©ó mgq ci ci GKwU we›`y‡K GKB w`K ‡_‡K AwZµg K‡i,
ZLb Zvi MwZ‡K ch©vqe„Ë MwZ Ges H wbw`©ó mgq‡K D³ MwZi ch©vqKvj e‡j| †h‡nZz c„w_ex 365 w`‡b m~‡h©i Pvwiw`‡K GKevi cÖ`wÿY
K‡i| myZivs, m~‡h©i Pviw`‡K c„w_exi MwZ ch©ve„Ë MwZ|
18| w¯’i Ae¯’v †_‡K †Kv‡bv e¯‘ wb‡Pi w`‡K co‡Z _vK‡j †e‡Mi cwieZ©‡bi KviY e¨vL¨v K‡iv|
DËi: w¯’i Ae¯’v †_‡K †Kv‡bv e¯‘ AwfKl© e‡ji cÖfv‡e wb‡Pi w`‡K co‡Z _v‡K| G mgq e¯‘wUi Ici AwfKl©R Z¡iY (g = 9.8 ms-2)
wµqv K‡i| A_©vr e¯‘wUi †eM cÖwZ †m‡K‡Û 9.8 ms-1 e„w× ‡c‡Z _v‡K| myZivs AwfKl©R e‡ji Kvi‡Y †Kv‡bv cošÍ e¯‘i †e‡Mi cwieZ©b
nq|
19| †Zvgvi IRb c„w_exi †h‡Kv‡bv †`‡kB mgvb n‡e wK? e¨vL¨v K‡iv|
A_ev e¯‘i IRb c„w_exi wewfbœ ¯’v‡b wewfbœ nq †Kb? e¨vL¨v K‡iv|
DËi: †Kv‡bv e¯‘i Ici c„w_exi AvKl©Y ej‡K e¯‘i IRb e‡j| e¯‘i IRb AwfKl©R Z¡i‡Yi Ici wbf©i K‡i| c„w_exi me©Î g Gi gvb
mgvb bq| Avgiv Rvwb,
GM
AwfKl©R Z¡iY, g= R2
‡h‡nZz c„w_ex m¤ú~Y© †MvjvKvi bq, †giæ A‡j GKUzLvwb Pvcv ZvB c„w_exi e¨vmva© R aªæeK bq| ‡giæ A‡j c„w_exi e¨vmva© R Gi gvb
me‡P‡q Kg e‡j †mLv‡b g Gi gvb me‡P‡q †ewk| d‡j †giæ A‡j e¯‘i IRb me‡P‡q †ewk| Avevi, welye A‡j R Gi gvb me‡P‡q
†ewk e‡j †mLv‡b g Gi gvb me‡P‡q Kg| G Kvi‡Y welye A‡j e¯‘i IRb me‡P‡q Kg| GRb¨B e¯‘i IRb c„w_exi wewfbœ ¯’v‡b wewfbœ
nq|
20| K¤úbkxj myikjvKvi MwZ‡K ¯ú›`b MwZ ejv nq †Kb?
DËi: GKwU myikjvKv Kw¤úZ Ki‡j †`Lv hv‡e, GwU wKQz mgq GKw`‡K hv‡”Q Ges evwK mgq wecixZ w`‡K hv‡”Q| Lye fv‡jvfv‡e jÿ¨
Ki‡j †`Lv hv‡e, GwU Gi ch©vqKv‡ji A‡a©K mgq m¤§yL w`‡K Ges evwK A‡a©K mgq cðvr w`‡K P‡j| Gfv‡e GwU AbeiZ Kw¤úZ n‡Z
_v‡K hv ¯ú›`b MwZ bv‡g cwiwPZ| myZivs ejv hvq K¤úbkxj myikjvKvi MwZ ¯ú›`b MwZ|
21| MwZkxj e¯‘i AwZµvšÍ `~iZ¡ k~b¨ nq bv wKš‘ miY k~b¨ n‡Z cv‡i- e¨vL¨v K‡iv|

28
 MwZ
DËi: miY n‡”Q †f±i ivwk| GwU e¯‘i Avw` Ae¯’vb n‡Z †kl Ae¯’v‡bi ga¨eZ©x mij‰iwLK `~iZ¡ wb‡`©k K‡i| Ab¨w`‡K AwZµvšÍ
`~iZ¡ n‡”Q Avw` Ae¯’vb n‡Z †kl Ae¯’v‡b †h‡Z mij I eµc‡_ †gvU AwZµvšÍ `~iZ¡| GwU †¯‹jvi ivwk| †hgb: †Kv‡bv MwZkxj e¯‘
e„ËvKvi c‡_ Ny‡i Avevi Avw` Ae¯’v‡b Avm‡j GwUi miY k~b¨ n‡e, wKš‘ AwZµvšÍ `~iZ¡ n‡e H e„‡Ëi cwiwai mgvb| ZvB MwZkxj e¯‘i
AwZµvšÍ `~iZ¡ k~b¨ nq bv wKš‘ miY k~b¨ n‡Z cv‡i|
22| wbDU‡bi MwZi wØZxq m~Î †_‡K cÖ_g m~ÎwU cÖwZcv`b Ki|
DËi: wbDU‡bi MwZi cÖ_g m~ÎwU n‡jv- Òevwn¨K †Kv‡bv ej cÖhy³ bv n‡j, †Kv‡bv w¯’i e¯‘ wPiKvj w¯’i _vK‡e Ges MwZkxj e¯‘ wPiKvj
mg‡e‡M Pj‡Z _vK‡eÓ| Ges wbDU‡bi wØZxq m~Î †_‡K Avgiv Rvwb,
mv−mu
F= a
GLv‡b evwn¨K cÖhy³ ej k~b¨ n‡j, F = 0
mv−mu
∴0= a
⇒ mv − mu = 0
⇒ m(v − u) = 0
⇒v−u=0 [‡h‡nZz e¯‘i fi m KLbI k~b¨ n‡Z cv‡i bv]
∴v=u
BnvB wbDU‡bi MwZi cÖ_g m~Î|

AwZwi³ MvwYwZK mgm¨v

1. N›Uvq 40 km †e‡M PjšÍ GKwU Mvwo‡K 6 s hveZ 1.5 ms-2 mgZ¡iY cÖ‡qvM Kiv n‡jv| MvwowUi †kl‡eM KZ Ges Z¡iYKv‡j
MvwowU KZ `~i Pj‡e? DËi: 20.11 ms-1 Ges 93.66 m|
2. 20 ms-1 †e‡M MwZkxj GKwU e¯‘i ‡eM cÖwZ †m‡K‡Û 5 ms-1 K‡i n«vm cvq| †_‡g hvIqvi Av‡M e¯‘wU KZ `~iZ¡ AwZµg Ki‡e|
DËi: 40 m|
3. 90 kmh-1 †e‡M Pjgvb GKwU ‡gvUi Mvwo‡K †eªK †P‡c 1 wgwb‡U _vwg‡q †`Iqv n‡jv| MvwowUi g›`b Ges †_‡g hvIqvi AvM ch©šÍ
KZ `~iZ¡ AwZµg Ki‡e wbY©q K‡iv| DËi: 0.42 ms-2 Ges 750 m|
4. GKwU e¯‘ w¯’i Ae¯’vb †_‡K mylg Z¡i‡Y hvÎv ïiæ K‡i cÖ_g †m‡K‡Û 1 m `~iZ¡ AwZµg K‡i| cieZ©x 1 m `~iZ¡ AwZµg Ki‡Z
e¯‘wUi KZ mgq jvM‡e? DËi: 0.41 s|
5. GKwU †gvUiMvwo 30 ms-1 †e‡M Pj‡Q| G Ae¯’vq †eªK Klvq MvwowUi †eM mgZ¡i‡Y n«vm †c‡q 5 s ci 12 ms-1 n‡jv| K) MvwowUi
Z¡iY Ges L) cÂg †m‡K‡Û AwZµvšÍ `~iZ¡ wbY©q K‡iv|
DËi: -3.6 ms-2 Ges 13.8 m|
6. GKwU Mvwo 20 ms-1 †e‡M Pj‡Q| MvwowUi PvjK 100 m `~‡i 36 kmh-1 MwZmxgv wb‡`©kK wPý †`L‡Z †c‡jb| ‡eªK K‡l KZ
g›`b m„wó Ki‡j MvwowU wb‡`©wkZ †eM cÖvß n‡e Ges wPý ch©šÍ †cuŠQv‡Z KZ mgq jvM‡e? DËi: 1.5 ms-2 Ges 6.67 s|
7. `ywU ‡gvUi Mvwo 10 ms-1 Ges 5 ms-1 †e‡M GKB mgq hvÎv ïiæ K‡i Ges GKB mg‡q MšÍ‡e¨ †cuŠQvq| Mvwo `ywUi Z¡iY h_vµ‡g
2 ms-2 Ges 3 ms-2 n‡j Mvwo `ywUi MšÍ‡e¨ †cuŠQv‡Z KZ mgq †j‡MwQj Ges MšÍ‡e¨i `~iZ¡ KZ? DËi: 10 s Ges 200 m|
8. `yBwU †Nvov 500 wgUv‡ii †`uŠo cÖwZ‡hvwMZvq Ask MÖnY Ki‡jv| G‡`i Avw`‡eM hv_vµ‡g 4 ms-1 I 7 ms-1 Ges Z¡iY hv_vµ‡g
0.6 ms-2 Ges 0.4 ms-2| †Kvb †NvovwU cÖ_g ¯’vb AwaKvi Ki‡e?
DËi: 1g †NvovwU 1g ¯’vb AwaKvi Ki‡e| KviY MšÍ‡e¨ †cŠuQv‡Z cÖ_g I wØZxq ‡Nvovi mgq jvM‡e h_vµ‡g 34.7 s I 35.47 s |
9. GKwU evN 8 m m¤§y‡L GKwU nwiY †`L‡Z †c‡q w¯’ive¯’v †_‡K 1 ms-2 Z¡i‡Y Zvi †cQ‡b †`uŠov‡Z ïiæ K‡i| nwiYwU †Ui †c‡q 3
ms-1 mg‡e‡M Pj‡Z _v‡K| evNwU KZÿY ci Ges KZ `~iZ¡ AwZµg Kivi ci nwiYwU‡K ai‡Z cvi‡e? DËi: 8 s Ges 32 m|

29
 MwZ
10. 50 m Dci n‡Z GKwU e¯‘ †Q‡o †`Iqv n‡jv| H ¯’v‡b g = 9.8 ms-2 n‡j e¯‘wUi gvwU‡Z covi gyn~‡Z© ‡eM KZ n‡e Ges KZ
mgq ci gvwU‡Z co‡e| DËi: 31.3 ms-1 Ges 3.19 s|
11. GKwU e¯‘‡K 49 ms-1 †e‡M Lvov Dc‡ii w`‡K wb‡ÿc Kiv n‡jv| e¯‘wU Avevi f~wg‡Z wd‡i Avm‡Z KZ mgq jvM‡e Ges e¯‘wU
me©vwaK KZ D”PZvq DV‡e? DËi: 10 s Ges 122.5 m|
12. GKwU wµ‡KU ej‡K Lvov Dc‡ii w`‡K wb‡ÿc Kiv n‡jv Ges GwU 6 s †m‡K‡Û DVv-bvgv K‡i| me©vwaK D”PZvq DV‡Z KZ mgq
jvM‡e Ges GB D”PZv KZ n‡e wbY©q K‡iv? GLv‡b g = 9.8 ms-2|
DËi: 3 s Ges 44.1 m|
13. GKwU cv_i LÛ‡K 98 ms-1 †e‡M Lvov Dc‡ii w`‡K wb‡ÿc Kiv n‡jv| K) KZÿY a‡i GwU Dc‡ii w`‡K DV‡e? L) 4 s c‡i
Gi †eM KZ n‡e? M) hvÎv¯’v‡b wd‡i Avm‡Z KZ mgq jvM‡e?
DËi: K) 10 s L) 58.8 ms-1 M) 20 s|
14. GKwU e¯‘‡K 99 ms-1 †e‡M Lvov Dc‡ii w`‡K wb‡ÿc Kiv n‡jv| †`LvI †h, 3.2 s I 17 s mg‡q e¯‘wUi †e‡Mi gvb mgvb wKš‘
w`K wecixZ| DËi: Dfq †ÿ‡Î †eM 67.6 ms-1|
15. GKwU e¯‘‡K 72 m DuPz GKwU wgbv‡ii P‚ov n‡Z †P‡o †`Iqv n‡jv| GKB mg‡q Ab¨ GKwU e¯‘‡K 20 ms-1 †e‡M Lvov Dc‡ii
w`‡K wb‡ÿc Kiv n‡jv| KLb Ges †Kv_vq Zviv wgwjZ n‡e? DËi: 3.6 s ci f‚wg n‡Z 8.5 m D”PZvq wgwjZ n‡e|

¸iæZ¡c~Y© m„Rbkxj cÖkœ

01|

wPÎ-25
wPÎ-25 Gi C Ae¯’v‡b ivLv GKwU iæwU msMÖn Kivi Rb¨ GKwU Bu`yi B Ae¯’vb n‡Z 0.4 ms-1 mg‡e‡M Pj‡Q| A Ae¯’v‡b _vKv GKwU
weovj Bu`y‡ii w`‡K jÿ Ki‡jv| weovjwU Av‡MB iæwU msMÖn Kivi Rb¨ 0.02 ms-2 mgZ¡i‡Y GKB iv¯Ív eivei QzU‡Z _vKj|
M) B Ae¯’v‡b †cuŠQv‡Z weovjwU KZ †eM cÖvß n‡e? DËi: 0.6 ms-1|
N) weovjwU †cuŠQv‡bvi c~‡e©B Bu`yiwUi c‡ÿ iæwU msMÖn Kiv m¤¢e n‡e wKbv MvwYwZK we‡kølY K‡i gZvgZ `vI| DËi: Bu`yiwU Av‡M
iæwU msMªn Ki‡Z cvi‡e| KviY iæwUi Kv‡Q †cŠuQv‡Z Bu`yi Ges weovjwUi mgq jvM‡e h_vµ‡g 40 s I 50 s|
02| GKwU Mvwo w¯’i Ae¯’v †_‡K hvÎv ïiæ K‡i 8 s mgq ch©šÍ 5 ms-2 Z¡i‡Y Pjvi ci 2 wgwbU mg`ªywZ‡Z P‡j MšÍ‡e¨ †cuŠQv‡jv|
M) mg`ªywZ‡Z AwZµvšÍ `~iZ¡ wbY©q K‡iv| DËi: 4800 m|
N) MvwowU hw` m¤ú~Y© `~iZ¡ 2.5 ms-2 Z¡i‡Y AwZµg Ki‡Zv Z‡e c~‡e©i †P‡q Kg mg‡q MšÍ‡e¨ †cuŠQv‡Zv wKbv MvwYwZKfv‡e we‡kølY
K‡iv| DËi: cy‡iv c_ 2.5 ms-2 Z¡i‡Y Pj‡j MvwowU 63 s mg‡q MšÍ‡e¨ †cŠu‡Q ‡hZ| myZivs Kg mg‡q †cuŠQv‡Zv|

03| GKwU ‡Uªb w¯’i Ae¯’vb †_‡K hvÎv ïiæ K‡i mgZ¡i‡Y 1 min Pjvi ci 30 ms-1 ‡eM cÖvß nq| Gici †UªbwU mg‡e‡M P‡j 250
m `~iZ¡ AwZµg K‡i| AZ:ci WªvBfvi †eªK Kl‡jv Ges mgg›`‡b P‡j 125 m `~i‡Z¡ wM‡q †_‡g †Mj|
M) ‡UªbwUi cÖ_g 1 wgwb‡U Z¡iY wbY©q K‡iv| DËi: 0.5 ms-2
N) ‡UªbwUi mg‡e‡M I mgg›`‡b Pjvi mgq (t) GKB bvwK wfbœ n‡e MvwYwZK hyw³mn we‡kølY K‡iv|
DËi: Pjvi mgq GKB n‡e Ges Dfq †ÿ‡Î Pjvi mgq 8.33 s|

30
 MwZ

04|

wPÎ-26
DÏxc‡K [wPÎ-26] ‡`Lv‡bv †jL `ywU h_vµ‡g GKwU cÖvB‡fU Kvi (MÖvd-1) Ges GKwU UªvK (MÖvd-2) Gi MwZ‡e‡Mi †jLwPÎ|
M) cÖvB‡fU KviwUi mßg †m‡K‡Û AwZµvšÍ `~iZ¡ KZ? DËi: 13 m|
N) cÖvB‡fU KviwU UªvK n‡Z 80 m mvg‡b Ae¯’vb Ki‡j Pjvi c‡_ Df‡q ci¯úi‡K KZevi AwZµg Ki‡e MvwYwZK fv‡e we‡kølY
K‡i †`LvI|
DËi: `yBevi (cÖ_g 5 s ci UªvK cÖvB‡fU Kvi‡K Ges 16 s ci cÖvB‡fU Kvi UªvK‡K AwZµg Ki‡e)|

05| GKwU e¯‘ w¯’i Ae¯’vb †_‡K mgZ¡i‡Y 5 ‡m‡K‡Û 50 m c_ AwZµg K‡i|
M) 15 s ci e¯‘wUi ‡eM KZ n‡e? DËi: 60 ms-1
N) cieZ©x 30 m c_ AwZµg Ki‡Z e¯‘wUi KZ mgq jvM‡e MvwYwZK fv‡e we‡kølY K‡iv| DËi: 1.32 s|

31
 MwZ
eûwbe©vPwb cÖkœ 12. wb‡Pi †KvbwU Z¡i‡Yi gvÎv?
01. wb‡Pi †Kvb¸‡jv †f±i ivwk? K) LT2 L) LT-1
K) KvR, miY L) kw³, ÿgZv M) MLT2 N) LT-2
M) mgq, †eM N) ej, Zwor cÖvej¨ 13. 54 kmh-1 mgvb KZ ms-1 ?
02. wb‡Pi †KvbwU †¯‹jvi ivwk? K) 12 L) 15 M) 20 N) 25
K) Zwor ZxeªZv L) Z¡iY M) ‡eM N) KvR 14. wb‡Pi †KvbwU †f±i ivwk?
03. m~‡h©i Pviw`‡K c„w_exi MwZ †Kvb ai‡Yi MwZ? K) KvR L) `ªæwZ M) ej N) kw³
K) Pjb L) ch©vqe„Ë 15. GKwU Mvwoi †eM 20 ms-1 ‡_‡K mylgfv‡e n«vm †c‡q 4 s
M) N~Y©b N) ¯ú›`b ci 4 ms-1 nq| MvwowUi ZiY KZ?
04. wb‡Pi †KvbwU mij Qw›`Z ¯ú›`‡bi ‰ewkó bq? K) 16 ms-2 L) 4 ms-2
K) ch©vqe„Ë MwZ L) N~Y©b MwZ M) −4 ms-2 N) −16 ms-2
M) ¯ú›`b MwZ N) mij‰iwLK MwZ 16. 20 ms-1 mg‡e‡M Pjgvb 1 kg f‡ii GKwU e¯‘i Z¡iY
05. mij †`vj‡Ki MwZ wK iKg MwZ? KZ?
K) ‰iwLK L) Dce„ËvKvi
K) 98 ms-2 L) 9.8 ms-2
M) N~Y©b N) ¯ú›`b
M) 10 ms-2 N) 0 ms-2
06. GKwU ev·‡K av°v w`‡j GwU bv Dwë‡q †h MwZ
17. w¯’i Ae¯’vb †_‡K PjšÍ GKwU Mvwo‡Z 1.5 ms-2 Z¡iY cÖ‡qvM
jvf K‡i Zv- Kiv n‡j Gi ‡eM 18 ms-1 n‡j KZ mgq a‡i Z¡iY cÖ‡qvM Kiv
K) ¯ú›`b MwZ L) Pjb MwZ n‡qwQj?
M) ch©vq MwZ N) N~Y©b MwZ K) 10 s L) 12 s
07. Zzwg A we›`y n‡Z ABCD c‡_ M) 15 s N) 27 s
hvÎv ïiæ K‡i cybivq A we›`y‡Z -1
18. GKwU ey‡jU 1.5 kms †e‡M Qz‡U GKwU †`qv‡ji gv‡S
‡cuvQv‡j| †Kvb we›`y‡Z †Zvgvi miY 10 cm XzK‡Z †c‡i‡Q| ey‡j‡Ui g›`b KZ?
me©vwaK?
K) 11.25 × 105 ms-2 L) 11.5 × 106 ms-2
K) D L) C
M) B N) A M) −11.25 × 106 ms-2 N) 11.25 × 106
08. wP‡Î xy mij‰iwLK `~iZ¡ n‡jv- ms-2
19. GKwU Mvwoi †eM 10 ms-1| MvwowU‡Z 2 ms-2 g›`b m„wó
Kiv n‡j 3 s c‡i MvwowUi †eM KZ n‡e?
K) 60 ms-1 L) 16 ms-1
M) 4 ms-1 N) 0.25 ms-1
20. ‡K cošÍ e¯‘i m~Îvewj cÖ`vb K‡ib?
K) Z¡i‡Yi gvb L) mi‡Yi gvb K) Wt wMjevU© L) M¨vwjwjI
M) `ªæwZi gvb N) `~i‡Z¡i gvb M) wbDUb N) ‡Rgm IqvU
𝟏
09. GK e¨w³ KZ e¨vmva© wewkó e„ËvKvi gvV 𝟏 Nyi‡j Zvi 21. ‡Kvb Aÿvs‡k mgy`ªZ‡j g -Gi gvb‡K Av`k© gvb aiv nq?
𝟐
miY 14 m n‡e? K) 30° L) 45° M) 60° N) 90°
K) 5 m L) 8 m M) 7 m N) 4 m 22. ‡Kv‡bv e¯Íi IRb †Kv_vq me‡P‡q †ewk n‡e?
10. GKwU e¯‘ GKwU ¯’vb †_‡K 4 m ‡mvRv c~e©w`‡K wM‡q †mLvb K) welye A‡j L) ‡giæ A‡j
†_‡K ‡mvRv DËi w`‡K 3 m AwZµg Ki‡jv| e¯‘wUi `~iZ¡ I M) mgy`ª mgZ‡j N) f‚-‡K‡›`ª
mi‡Yi cv_©K¨ KZ wgUvi? 23. wb‡Pi †Kvb m¤úK©wU mwVK? (†hLv‡b cÖZxK¸‡jv cÖPwjZ
K) 7 L) 5 M) 2 N) 1 A_© enb K‡i)
gR2
11. e¯‘i Ae¯’v‡bi cwieZ©‡bi nvi‡K Kx e‡j? K) t ∝ h2 L) G = M
K) ‡eM L) `~iZ¡ M) Z¡iY N) `ªæwZ v+u
M) v = g + ut N) a = t
32
 MwZ
24. 75 m DuPz `vjvb †_‡K †Kv‡bv e¯‘ †Q‡o w`‡j f‚wg‡K KZ 36.
†e‡M AvNvZ Ki‡e? (g = 9.8 ms-2)
K) 38.3 ms-1 L) 75 ms-1
M) 735 ms-1 N) 1470 ms-1
25. ivRy 30 ms-1 ‡e‡M GKwU Zxi Lvov Dc‡ii w`‡K wb‡ÿc
Ki‡jv| GwU m‡e©v”P KZ D”PZvq DV‡e?
A we›`y‡Z †eM KZ?
K) 45.9 m L) 91.8 m AB AB
M) 6.12 m N) 3.06 m K) BR L) AR
PQ PQ
26. gy³ fv‡e cošÍ e¯‘i 1 s, 2 s I 3 s mg‡q AwZµvšÍ `~i‡Z¡i M) OQ N) PR
AbycvZ KZ?
37. wb‡Pi †Kvb †jLwU mg‡eM wb‡`©k K‡i?
K) 1:2:3 L) 1:4:9
M) 2:3:4 N) 3:4:5
27. w¯’i Ae¯’vb †_‡K mylg Z¡i‡Y Pj‡Z _vKv †Kvb e¯‘i †ÿ‡Î
†KvbwU mwVK? K) L)
K) v ∝ s L) s ∝ t
2
M) v ∝ √s N) v ∝ t
28. cošÍ e¯‘i m~Î KqwU? M) N)
K) `ywU L) wZbwU M) cuvPwU N) PviwU
29. w¯’i Ae¯’vb †_‡K webv evavq e¯‘‡K †Q‡o w`‡j Pvi¸Y `~i‡Z¡ 38. wb‡Pi †KvbwU gy³fv‡e cošÍ e¯‘i †jLwPÎ wb‡`©k K‡i?
†eM KZ¸Y n‡e?
1 1
K) 4 L) 2 M) 2 N) 4
30. w¯’i Ae¯’vb †_‡K webv evavq cošÍ e¯‘i †eM mg‡qi-
K) mgvbycvwZK L) e‡M©i mgvbycvwZK K) L)
M) e¨¯ÍvbycvwZK N) eM©g~‡ji mgvbycvwZK
31. wb‡Pi †Kvb kZ©wU cošÍ e¯‘i m~‡Îi †ÿ‡Î †ewk ¸iæZ¡c~Y©?
K) w¯’i Ae¯’vb †_‡K cov
L) ‡eM mg‡qi mgvbycvwZK
M) evqy Acwinvh© M) N)
N) `~iZ¡ mg‡qi e‡M©i mgvbycvwZK 39. `~iZ¡ ebvg mgq †j‡Li †h †Kvb we›`y‡Z Aw¼Z ¯úk©‡Ki Xvj
32. cošÍ e¯‘i †ÿ‡Î wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? H we›`y‡Z Kx wb‡`©k K‡i?
K) t ∝ h2 L) h ∝ t 2 K) `ªæwZ L) miY
1
M) h ∝ t N) h ∝ M) ‡eM N) Z¡iY
t
33. gy³fv‡e cošÍ e¯‘ 6 ‡m‡K‡Û KZ `~iZ¡ AwZµg Ki‡e?
K) 360 m L) 240 m
M) 176.4 m N) 80 m
34. wb‡Pi †Kvb `ywUi g‡a¨ AwfKl© ej wµqv K‡i? 40. e¯‘wU Kxfv‡e Pj‡Q?
K) P›`ª I m~h© L) c„w_ex I eB K) mgZ¡i‡Y L) Amg Z¡i‡Y
M) eya I ïµ N) ‡Pqvi I †Uwej M) mylg †e‡M N) w¯’i Av‡Q
35. ‡eM wbY©‡qi Rb¨ wb‡Pi †KvbwU e¨envi Kiv nq? 41. ‡eM ebvg mg‡qi †j‡Li Xvj wK‡mi mgvb?
K) b¨v‡bvwgUvi L) w¯ú‡WvwgUvi/‡fjv‡UvwgUvi K) miY L) `~iZ¡
M) nvB‡WªvwgUvi N) e¨v‡ivwgUvi M) w¯’wZ N) Z¡iY

33
 MwZ
42. wb‡Pi MÖvd¸‡jvi †KvbwU e¯‘i w¯’i Ae¯’v cÖKvk K‡i? 46. wb‡Pi wP‡Î †Kvb As‡k Z¡iY FbvZ¥K?

K) L)

K) OA L) AB M) BC N) CD
M) N) 47. cv‡ki †jLwPÎwU Kx cÖKvk Ki‡Q?
43. wb‡Pi †KvbwU Am¤¢e? K) e¯‘wU mylg †e‡M MwZkxj
L) e¯‘wU Amg †e‡M MwZkxj
M) e¯‘wU mylg Z¡i‡Y MwZkxj
N) e¯‘wU w¯’i
K) L)
48. GK wgwb‡U GKwU †`Iqvj Nwoi †m‡K‡Ûi KvuUvi miY
KZ?
K) 2πr L) 2π M) 0 N) π
M) N) -2
49. w¯’i Ae¯’vb †_‡K 10 ms mylg Z¡i‡Y GKwU wegvb
ivbI‡q‡Z 2 km †`Šuovq| ivbI‡q AwZµg Ki‡Z KZ mgq
44. Lvov Dc‡ii w`‡K wbwÿß e¯‘i †ÿ‡Î †KvbwU †eM-mgq
jvM‡e
‡jLwPÎ?
K) 15 sec L) 10 sec
M) 5 sec N) 20 sec
-1
50. 9.8 ms ‡e‡M GKwU ej Dc‡ii w`‡K †Qvuov n‡j KZ
K) L) mgq ci GwU f‚c„‡ô wdi‡e?
K) 1 s L) 2 s M) 3 s N) 4 s
51. Nwoi KvUvi MwZ wK iKg MwZ?
K) ‰iwLK MwZ L) Dce„ËvKvi MwZ
M) N) M) ch©vqe„Ë MwZ N) ¯ú›`b MwZ
52. ‡jLwP‡Î GKwU MwZkxj e¯‘i Z¡iY †`Lv‡bv n‡q‡Q| Z¡i‡Yi
cÖK…wZ Kxiæc?
45. wb‡Pi †Kvb †jLwU mg‡eM wb‡`©k K‡i? K) k~Y¨ Z¡iY
L) mylg Z¡iY
M) Amg Z¡iY
N) cÖK…wZ wbe©vPb m¤¢e bq
K) L) 53. GB gnvwe‡k^i †h‡Kv‡bv MwZ m¤ú‡K© Kx ejv hvq?
K) cig bq L) Av‡cwÿK bq
M) MwZ k~Y¨ N) aªæe
54. gy³fv‡e cošÍ e¯‘i †ÿ‡Î-
M) N) i. Z¡iY AcwiewZ©Z _v‡K
ii. ‡eM mg‡qi mgvbycvwZK
iii. miY mg‡qi mgvbycvwZK
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K) i L) ii M) i I ii N) i I iii

34
 MwZ
61. ‡`vjK Nwoi †`vj‡Ki MwZ Kx ai‡Yi-
i. ch©vqe„Ë
ii. ¯ú›`b
55. wP‡Î B ivwki mv‡_ A ivwki cwieZ©b iii. N~Y©b
†`Lv‡bv n‡q‡Q, hv GKwU KYvi mij‰iwLK MwZi †ÿ‡Î- wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
i. B ivwkwU mgq wb‡`©k K‡i K) i I ii L) i I iii M) ii I iii N) i, ii I iii
ii. A ivwkwU `~iZ¡ wb‡`©k K‡i hw` KYvwUi †eM mylg nq 62. mylg †e‡Mi ‡ÿ‡Î-
iii. A ivwkwU †eM wb‡`©k K‡i hw` KYvwUi mgZ¡i‡Y MwZkxj nq
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K) i I ii L) i I iii M) ii I iii N) i, ii I iii i.
56. w¯’i Ae¯’vb n‡Z mylg Z¡i‡Y Pjgvb e¯‘i-
i. ‡eM mg‡qi mgvbycvwZK
ii. ‡eM `~i‡Z¡i mgvbycvwZK
ii.
iii. AwZµvšÍ `~iZ¡ mg‡qi e‡M©i mgvbycvwZK
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K) i I ii L) i I iii M) ii I iii N) i, ii I iii
57. ‡Kv‡bv e¯‘i `ªæwZ 18 ms-1 ej‡Z eySvq- iii.
i. e¯‘wU 1 s-G 18 m `~iZ¡ AwZµg K‡i wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
ii. e¯‘wU 2 s-G 36 m `~iZ¡ AwZµg K‡i K) i I ii L) i I iii M) ii I iii N) i, ii I iii
63. PjšÍ †Uª‡b †Zvgiv `yB eÜz gy‡LvgywL e‡m Av‡Qv ZLb †Zvgvi-
iii. e¯‘wU 3 s-G 54 m `~iZ¡ AwZµg K‡i
i. GK R‡bi mv‡c‡ÿ Ab¨Rb w¯’i
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
ii. jvB‡bi cv‡k `vov‡bv e¨w³i mv‡c‡ÿ DfqB MwZkxj
K) i I ii L) iii M) ii I iii N) i, ii I iii
58. gy³fv‡e cošÍ mKj e¯‘- iii. ‡Uª‡bi mv‡c‡ÿ DfqB MwZkxj
i. mgvb mg‡q mgvb c_ AwZµg K‡i wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
ii. wfbœ wfbœ mg‡q f~-c„‡ô †cŠu‡Q K) i I ii L) i I iii M) ii I iii N) i, ii I iii
64. MwZi mgxKiY¸‡jv cÖ‡hvR¨ nq e¯‘ hLb-
iii. AwZµvšÍ `~iZ¡ mg‡qi e‡M©i mgvbycvwZK
i. mylg Z¡i‡Y MwZkxj _v‡K
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
ii. mij †iLvq MwZkxj _v‡K
K) i I ii L) i I iii M) ii I iii N) i, ii I iii
59. Nl©Y mxwgZ Kivi Dcvq n‡jv- iii. Amg †e‡M MwZkxj _v‡K
i. Nl©Y Zj‡K gm©Y Kiv wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
ii. jyweªK¨v›U e¨envi Kiv K) i I iii L) i I ii M) ii I iii N) i, ii I iii
65. mylg Z¡i‡Yi †ÿ‡Î e¯‘i-
iii. Nl©Y ¸bv¼ Kg Ggb hš¿vsk e¨envi Kiv
i. miY nq
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
ii. ‡e‡Mi cwieZ©b nq
K) i I ii L) i I iii M) ii I iii N) i, ii I iii
60. ch©ve„Ë MwZ n‡”Q iii. Z¡i‡Yi cwieZ©b nq
i. mij †`vj‡Ki MwZ wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
ii. ‡c‡Uªvj Bwćbi wmwjÛv‡ii MwZ K) i I ii L) i I iii M) ii I iii N) i, ii I iii
66. hLb d¨vb mg`ªæwZ‡Z Nyi‡Z _v‡K ZLb d¨v‡bi MwZ-
iii. K¤úgvb myikjvKvi MwZ
i. N~Y©b MwZ
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
ii. ch©ve„Ë MwZ
K) i I ii L) i I iii M) ii I iii N) i, ii I iii
iii. ¯ú›`b MwZ
35
 MwZ
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? iii. Avw` fi‡eM k~Y¨
K) i L) iii M) i I ii N) ii I iii wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
▪ wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ K‡iv Ges 67 I 68 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI| K) i I ii L) i I iii
M) ii I iii N) i, ii I iii
▪ wb‡Pi DÏxcK ‡_‡K 73 I 74 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI|
10 g f‡ii †Kv‡bv GKwU e¯‘ Lvov Dc‡ii w`‡K wb‡ÿc Kiv
n‡jv| GwU 10 ‡m‡KÛ ci f~wg‡Z co‡jv|
73. e¯‘wU-
i. wb‡ÿ‡ci mgq ‡eM wQj 49 ms-1
67. ‡Kvb †iLvwU k~Y¨ Z¡iY wb‡`©k K‡i?
ii. m‡e©v”P 122.5 m D”PZvq DV‡e
K) OA L) AB M) BC N) CD
68. ‡iLv¸‡jv wb‡`©k K‡i- iii. m‡e©v”P D”PZvq 100 J wefekw³ AR©b Ki‡e
i. OA As‡ki Z¡iY 2 ms-2 wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
ii. AB I CD As‡ki Z¡i‡Yi gvb mgvb K) i I ii L) i I iii
M) ii I iii N) i, ii I iii
iii. BC As‡ki AwZµvšÍ `~iZ¡ 50 m
74. e¯‘wU wbwÿß `ªæwZi mv‡c‡ÿ †Kgb `ªæwZ‡Z f‚wg‡Z AvNvZ
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
Ki‡e?
K) i I ii L) i I iii M) ii I iii N) i, ii I iii
K) mgvb L) Kg
▪ cÖ`Ë wPÎ Abymv‡i 69 I 70 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI|
M) ‡ewk N) wظY
▪ wb‡Pi DÏxcK †_‡K 75 I 76 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI|
36 kmh-1 ‡e‡M PjšÍ GKwU Mvwo‡Z 5 ‡m‡KÛ hveZ
2 ms-2 Z¡iY cÖ‡qvM Kiv n‡jv|
75. MvwowUi †kl‡eM KZ?
K) 0 ms-1 L) 10 ms-1
M) 20 ms-1 N) 75 ms-1
wP‡Î GKwU Mvwoi MwZc_ †`Lv‡bv n‡jv|
76. Z¡iYKv‡j MwowU KZ `~iZ¡ AwZµg K‡i?
69. wP‡Îi †Kvb As‡k MvwowU mg‡e‡M MwZkxj?
K) 20 m L) 25 m
K) OA As‡k L) AB As‡k
M) 46 m N) 75 m
M) BC As‡k N) OA Ges BC As‡k 77. cigvYyi K¤ú‡bi MwZ-
70. MvwowUi fi 600 kg n‡j DÏxc‡Ki BC As‡k
i. mij ˆiwLK
evavcÖ`vbKvix e‡ji gvb KZ?
ii. ch©vqe„Ë MwZ iii. ¯ú›`b MwZ
K) 0 N L) 100 N wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
M) 600 N N) 1200 N
K) i L) iii
▪ wb‡Pi Z‡_¨i Av‡j‡K 71 I 72 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI|
M) ii I iii N) i, ii I iii
mgq (s) 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 78. †e‡Mi cwieZ©b nq-
‡eM (ms-1) 0 20 40 60 60 50 40 i. gv‡bi cwieZ©b n‡j
Dc‡ii mviwY‡Z 5 s ci ci GKwU Mvwoi †eM †`Iqv n‡jv| ii. w`‡Ki cwieZ©b n‡j
71. cÖ_g 10 ‡m‡K‡Û MvwowUi AwZµvšÍ `~iZ¡ KZ? iii. gvb I w`K Df‡qi cwieZ©b n‡j
K) 38 m L) 42 m wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
M) 162 m N) 200 m K) i I ii L) i I iii M) ii I iii N) i, ii I iii
72. MvwowUi- 79. GKwU Mvwoi †eM h_vµ‡g 0.4 ms , 0.8 ms-2, 1.2
-2
i. mg‡e‡M AZµvšÍ `~iZ¡ 12 m ms-2 , 1.6 ms-2 nv‡i evo‡Q| Gÿ‡Î MvwowU Pj‡Q-
ii. †kl 10 ‡m‡K‡Û g›`b 2 ms-2
36
 MwZ
K) mylg Z¡i‡Y L) mylg fi‡e‡M s t2 72 t2
ev, s2 = t22 ev, 50 = 522 ev, t22 = 72×25
50
= 36
M) mylg †e‡M N) Amg Z¡i‡Y 1 1

80. Z¡iY n‡jv- ∴ t1 = 6

i. jä ivwk 82. weÁvbx M¨vwjwjI Gi cošÍ e¯‘ m~θ‡jv wb‡Pi †Kvb
ii. ‡¯‹jvi ivwk iii. ‡f±i ivwk kZ©¸‡jv †g‡b P‡j-
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? i. w¯’i Ae¯’v †_‡K e¯‘ ¸‡jv co‡Z n‡e
K) i I ii L) i I iii M) ii I iii N) i, ii I iii ii. GKB D”PZv †_‡K co‡Z n‡e
81. webv evavq cošÍ e¯‘ 5 †m‡K‡Û 50 wgUvi c_ AwZµg iii. e¯‘ ¸‡jv gy³fv‡e co‡Z n‡e
Ki‡j 72 wgUvi c_ AwZµg Ki‡Z KZ †m‡KÛ mgq jvM‡e? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K) 6 L) 7.2 K) i I ii L) i I iii
M) 9.5 N) 12 M) ii I iii N) i, ii I iii
e¨vL¨v: M¨vwjwjIi m~Îvbyhvqx, 𝑆 ∝ 𝑡 2

eûwbe©vPwb cÖ‡kœi DËi

01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
N N L L N L L L M M N N L M M N L N M L
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
L L L K K L N L M K K L M L L K N L M K
41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
N M K M L N N M N L M M K M N L N L N N
61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80
K K K N K M M N L M N M K K M N N N K L
81 82
K N

37