RELAY BASED IR SENSOR PROJECT

A Report
On
Skill Based Mini Project
Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of the degree of

BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
In
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
By
Harshit Gupta (0901EE201050)

Under the guidance of

Prof. Rakesh Narvey

Prof. Himmat Singh
Er. R. P. Gupta
Department of Electrical Engineering

April, 2023
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
MADHAV INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY & SCIENCE,
GWALIOR (M.P.) - 474005

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 Department of Electrical Engineering

DECLARATION

I hereby declare that the Skill based mini project entitled RELAY BASED IR SENSOR
PROJECT, submitted by Harshit Gupta, for the award of the degree of Bachelor of Technology
in Electrical Engineering to MITS is a record of bonafide work carried out Harshit Gupta.

Place: MITS Gwalior

Date: 27.04.2023

Submitted By: Harshit Gupta

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Madhav Institute of Technology & Science, Gwalior, who has been supportive of
my project and career goals and who worked actively to provide us with the
valuable academic time to pursue these goals. I am grateful to all of those with
whom I have had the pleasure to work with during this project. Each of the
members of the Electrical and Electronics Engineering provided me with extensive
personal and professional guidance and taught me a huge deal about both scientific
research and life in general. This work would not have happened without the
academic support of the Madhav Institute of Technology & Science, Gwalior.

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 Executive Summary

An IR sensor using relay is a device that detects infrared radiation and triggers a relay to
control an electrical circuit. This type of sensor is commonly used in home automation
systems, security systems, and industrial applications.

The sensor works by emitting an infrared signal and then detecting the reflected signal. When
an object is in the sensor's detection zone, the reflected signal is altered, triggering the relay
to turn on or off the electrical circuit.

The relay is used to switch the electrical circuit, allowing for the control of devices such as
lights, fans, and motors. This provides a simple and effective way to automate and control
electrical systems.

IR sensors using relays are widely available and can be easily integrated into a variety of
systems. They are cost-effective, reliable, and require minimal maintenance, making them an
ideal choice for many applications.

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 Table of Contents

Content Page no.

Declaration ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ii
Acknowledgements --------------------------------------------------------------------- iii
Executive Summary --------------------------------------------------------------------- iv
Table of contents ------------------------------------------------------------------------- v
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

1. Introduction ------------------------------------------------------------------------3
2. Design and Approach -------------------------------------------------------------4
3. Components-------------------------------------------------------------------------5
4. Future Scope------------------------------------------------------------------------9
5. Final Project------------------------------------------------------------------------11

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1. Introduction

Objective:

The objective of the project is to build a sensor fan that can automatically
turn on or off based on the presence or absence of people in the room. This
can help save energy and also improve comfort in the room

A sensor fan using a 5V relay module, IR sensor, switch, and a motor is a

project that can be implemented using a microcontroller like an Arduino.
The project involves the use of an IR sensor to detect the presence of an
object and turn on a motor that controls a fan. The 5V relay module is used
to switch the motor on and off.

The IR sensor is used to detect the presence of an object in front of the

sensor. When an object is detected, the IR sensor sends a signal to the
microcontroller, which in turn sends a signal to the 5V relay module to turn
on the motor. The motor controls the fan, which starts rotating and provides
air circulation.

A switch can also be included in the circuit to manually turn on and off the
fan. This can be useful if the IR sensor is not detecting any movement but
the user wants the fan to be turned on.

Overall, the sensor fan project can be a fun and practical way to learn about
electronics, programming, and automation. It can be customized and
expanded upon in many ways, depending on the user's goals and interest

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 Design And Approach

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:

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Here is one possible design and approach to create a sensored fan using a 5V relay
module, IR sensor, switch, and a motor:

Materials needed:
- 5V relay module
- IR sensor module
- Switch
- DC motor
- 9V battery
- Jumper wires
- Breadboard

Steps:
1. Connect the 5V relay module to the breadboard.
2. Connect the VCC pin of the IR sensor to the 5V pin of the breadboard.
3. Connect the GND pin of the IR sensor to the GND pin of the breadboard.
4. Connect the OUT pin of the IR sensor to any available digital pin on the breadboard.
5. Connect the IN1 pin of the relay module to any available digital pin on the breadboard.
6. Connect the VCC pin of the relay module to the 5V pin of the breadboard.
7. Connect the GND pin of the relay module to the GND pin of the breadboard.
8. Connect one wire of the switch to the 5V pin of the breadboard, and the other wire to
any available digital pin on the breadboard.
9. Connect the DC motor to the relay module, following the manufacturer's instructions.
10. Connect the 9V battery to the breadboard, using a power rail or a separate connector.

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 Components

1. 5V Relay Module :

A 5V relay module is an electronic component that uses a 5-volt input signal to control an
electrical switch. It consists of a relay, a transistor, a diode, and other components, all
mounted on a small printed circuit board.

The relay is an electromechanical switch that can be used to control high voltage and high
current loads, such as motors, lights, and heaters. When the relay receives a signal from
the input pin, it energizes an electromagnet that closes or opens the switch, depending on
the design.

The transistor is used to amplify the signal from the microcontroller or other digital device
that controls the relay. The diode is used to protect the circuit from voltage spikes that can
occur when the relay is turned off.

The 5V relay module is commonly used in electronics projects and home automation
systems to control devices and appliances remotely. It can be controlled by a

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microcontroller, a Raspberry Pi, or other digital devices that provide a 5V output signal.

2. IR Sensor Module:

An IR (infrared) sensor is a type of electronic device that can detect infrared radiation in
its surrounding environment. IR sensors are commonly used in applications such as
motion sensors, temperature sensors, and proximity sensors.

Infrared radiation is a type of electromagnetic radiation that has a longer wavelength than
visible light. IR sensors work by detecting the amount of IR radiation that is being emitted
or reflected from an object in their field of view. The IR sensor module typically contains
a specialized sensor that detects IR radiation and a signal processing circuit that converts
the detected signal into a usable digital or analog output.

IR sensors can be used in a variety of applications, including:

1. Motion detection: IR sensors can detect the movement of objects in their field of view,
making them useful for applications such as security systems and automatic doors.

2. Temperature sensing: IR sensors can measure the temperature of objects without

physically touching them, making them useful for applications such as thermal imaging
cameras and temperature controllers.
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3. Proximity sensing: IR sensors can detect the presence of objects in their field of view,
making them useful for applications such as touchless switches and obstacle detection
systems.

Overall, IR sensors are a versatile type of sensor that can be used in many different
applications to detect IR radiation and provide useful information about the surrounding
environment.

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 Future scope

A relay-based IR motion sensor without an Arduino can be used for a

variety of applications. Here are some potential future scopes for this
type of sensor:

1. Security systems: The relay-based IR motion sensor can be used in

security systems to detect motion and trigger an alarm or other security
measures.

2. Automatic lighting: The sensor can be used to turn on lights

automatically when someone enters a room or area. This can be useful in
areas where lighting is needed temporarily, such as a hallway or closet.

3. Energy efficiency: The sensor can be used to turn off lights or other
electrical appliances when they are not in use. This can help to save
energy and reduce electricity bills.

4. Home automation: The sensor can be integrated into a home

automation system to trigger various actions based on motion detection.
For example, it could be used to turn on the TV when someone enters
the room or to start the coffee maker in the morning.

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 5. Industrial automation: The sensor can be used in industrial automation
systems to detect the presence of workers or machinery and trigger
actions accordingly. For example, it could be used to shut down
machinery when someone enters a danger zone.

Overall, the relay-based IR motion sensor has a wide range of potential applications and
can be used to automate and improve various systems and processes

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Final Project:

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