Quick Drill ∵ AC  AD (given)

∴ ACD  ADC (base s, isos. △)

1. B In △ACD,
∵ OM  AB (given) CAD  ACD  ADC  180 ( sum of △)
∴ AM  MB (line from centre  chord bisects chord) 66  2ACD  180
2x 1  4x  5 ACD  57
6  2x
x3 7. A
∵ ABC  a (alt. s, AB // CD)
2. B and ABC  b (s in the same segment)
∵ AM = MB (given) ∴ b=a
∴ OM  AB (line joining centre to mid-pt. of chord 
chord) 8. D
∴ OA2  OM 2  AM 2 (Pyth. theorem) ∵ AOB  COD (given)
∴ AB = CD (equal s, equal chords)
OA  32  4 2
∴ I is true.
5

3. A
∵

∴
 
AOB  COD

AB  CD
(given)

(equal s, equal arcs)

∵ OM  AB, ON  CD and AB  CD
∴ ON = OM
(given)
(equal chords, equidistant from centre)
∴
 
II is true.

∴ ONM  OMN (base s, isos. △)

∵
 AB  CD (proved)

 20 ∴

∴
 
AB BC  BC CD

AC  BD
4. C ∴ III is true.
∵ OM  AB, ON  AC and OM  ON (given) ∴ The answer is D.
∴ AC AB (chords equidistant from centre are equal)
∴ ACB  ABC
 55
(base s, isos. △) 9. B
 
∵ AB  AC (given)
∴ AB = AC (equal arcs, equal chords)
5. D ∴ ABC  ACB (base s, isos. △)
BOC  2BAC ( at centre twice  at ⊙ce)
In △ABC,
 2  38
ABC  ACB  BAC  180 ( sum of △)
 76
2ABC  62  180
∵ OB OC (radii)
ABC  59
∴ OBC OCB (base s, isos. △)
In △OBC,
OBC  OCB  BOC  180 ( sum of △) 10. C
∵ AB  BC  CD (given)
OCB  OCB  76  180
∴ AOB BOC  COD (equal chords, equal s)
OCB  52
AOB  BOC  COD  AOD  360 (s at a pt.)
BOC  BOC  BOC  162  360
6. D
( in semi-circle) BOC  66
BAD  90
CAD  BAD  BAC
 90  24
 66

1
 14 Basic Properties of Circles

11. B
 Exercise
BOC BC
AOC

AC
 (arcs prop. to s at centre) Part I Sectional Exercise

BOC 6 cm 1. B
 ∵ OM  AB (given)
155 (4  6) cm
∴ AM  MB (line from centre  chord bisects chord)
BOC  93
10
∴ MB  cm
2
12. A
  5 cm
∵ ON  BC (given)
AED AD
BEC
  (arcs prop. to s at ⊙ce)
∴ CN  NB (line from centre  chord bisects chord)
BC
3  2
BC BC BC
∴ NB 
16
2
cm
AED 4
36
 
BC
4  8 cm
Area of rectangle OMBN  5  8 cm 2
AED  81  40 cm 2

13. A 2. C
∵ OD OC (radii) ∵ OM  DC (given)
∴ ODC OCD 33° (base s, isos. △) ∴ DM  MC (line from centre  chord bisects chord)
ABC  ADC  180 (opp. s, cyclic quad.) 12
∴ DM  cm
105  (33  ADO)  180 2
ADO  42  6 cm
AB
OA 
14. A 2
CDF ABF = 124° (ext. , cyclic quad.) 20
 cm
CDF  FDE  180 (adj. s on st. line) 2
124  FDE  180  10 cm
FDE  56 OD  OA (radii)
 10 cm
15. C OD2  OM 2  DM 2 (Pyth. theorem)
For I,
∵ ABD = ACD  65° (given) OM  102  62 cm
∴ A, B, C and D are concyclic.  8 cm
(converse of s in the same segment)
∴ I is true. 3. A
For II, ∵ AM  MB (given)
ABD  AED  65  105 ∴ OM  AB (line joining centre to mid-pt. of chord 
 170 chord)
 180 OA  OC (radii)
∴ A, B, D and E are not concyclic.  15 cm
∴ II is false.
OA2  AM 2  OM 2 (Pyth. theorem)
For III,
AFD  75° (vert. opp. s) 2
OM  15  12 cm 2

AFD  AED  75  105  9 cm

 180 MC  OC  OM
∴ A, F, D and E are concyclic. (opp. s supp.)
 (15  9) cm
∴ III is true.
∴ The answer is C.  6 cm

2
 14 Basic Properties of Circles

4. C For II,
∵ RM  MS (given) ∵ OM  ON (proved)
∴ OM  RS (line joining centre to mid-pt. of chord  ∴ OMN = ONM (base s, isos. △)
chord) x  90  OMN
PM  MQ  90  ONM
OQ 
2 y
24  6 ∴ II is true.
 cm
2 For III,
 15 cm ∵ x=y (proved)
OM  OQ  MQ ∴ PM  PN (sides opp. equal s)
 (15  6) cm PB  PM  MB
 9 cm  PN  ND
OR  OQ (radii)  PD
 15 cm ∴ III is true.
∴ The answer is D.
OR2  RM 2  OM 2 (Pyth. theorem)

RM  152  92 cm 8. C
1
 12 cm BAC  BOC ( at centre twice  at ⊙ce)
2
1
5. C   80
2
∵ OM  AB (given)
 40
∴ AM  MB (line from centre  chord bisects chord) In △ABE,
∴ AB  2  4 cm
OEA  BAC  ABE (ext.  of △)
 8 cm  40  75
∵ OM  AB, ON  CD and OM = ON (given)  115
∴ CD  AB (chords equidistant from centre are equal) In △OEC,
 8 cm EOC  OCE  OEA (ext.  of △)
80  OCE  115
6. D OCE  35
Consider quadrilateral OMBN.
MON  OMB  ONB  MBN  360
9. B
( sum of polygon)
ABC  CBD  180 (adj. s on st. line)
110  90  90  MBN  360
ABC  50  180
MBN  70
ABC  130
∵ OM  AB, ON  BC and OM  ON (given)
Reflex AOC  2ABC ( at centre twice  at ⊙ce)
∴ AB  BC (chords equidistant from centre are equal)
 2  130
∴ BAC  BCA (base s, isos. △)
In △ABC,  260
BAC  BCA  ABC  180 ( sum of △) AOC  360  reflex AOC (s at a pt.)

2BAC  70  180  360  260

BAC  55  100

7. D 10. D
For I, ∵ BD BE (given)
∵ AM  MB and CN  ND (given) ∴ BDE BED (base s, isos. △)
∴ OM  AB and ON  CD (line joining centre to  21°
mid-pt. of chord  chord) In △BDE,
∵ OM  AB, ON  CD and AB  CD DBC  BED  BDE (ext.  of △)
∴ OM  ON (equal chords, equidistant from centre)  21  21
∴ I is true.  42

3
 14 Basic Properties of Circles

BOA  2BDA ( at centre twice  at ⊙ce) 15. C

 2  21 CEB  CAB  26 (s in the same segment)
In △CDE,
 42
In △BOF, ACE  CEB  CDE (ext.  of △)
OFD  OBF  BOF (ext.  of △)  26  42
 42  42  68
ACB  90 ( in semi-circle)
 84
∴ BCE  ACB  ACE
 90  68
11. C
Let BED x .  22
BAD  BED  x (s in the same segment)
In △ADC, 16. D
ADE  BAD  ACD (ext.  of △) BCD  90 ( in semi-circle)
ACD  BCD  BCK
 x  42
In △EDK,  90  32
BED  ADE  90 (ext.  of △)  58
x  ( x  42)  90 ABD  ACD (s in the same segment)
2 x  42  90  58
x  24
∵ AK  AB (given)
∴ BED  24 ∴ AKB  ABK (base s, isos. △)
 58
In △ABK,
12. B
KAB  AKB  ABK  180 ( sum of △)
DBE  DCE (s in the same segment)
KAB  58  58  180
 45
DFE  DBA (corr. s, EC // AB) KAB  64
KDC  KAB (s in the same segment)
 45  30
 64
 75

17. B
13. C Let CBE = x.
CBD  ADB (alt. s, BC // AD) CDE CBE = x (s in the same segment)
 32 In △ADC,
COD  2CBD ( at centre twice  at ⊙ce) CDE  DAC  ACD (ext.  of △)
 2  32 x  15  ACD
 64 ACD  x  15
In △DOE, BEC  90° ( in semi-circle)
DEC  EOD  ODE (ext.  of △) In △BEC,
 64  32 BEC  CBE  BCE  180 ( sum of △)
 96 90  x  [( x  15)  63]  180
2 x  42
14. A x  21
∵ AD AB (given) ∴ CBE  21
∴ ADB ABD (base s, isos. △)
 48° 18. A
ACD  ABD (s in the same segment) AEB  90 ( in semi-circle)
 48 In △EAB,
BDC  ABD (alt. s, DC // AB) EBC  AEB  EAB (ext.  of △)
 48  90  44
In △ADC,  134
CAD  ADC  ACD  180 ( sum of △)
CAD  (48  48)  48  180
CAD  36

4
 14 Basic Properties of Circles

In △EBC, 21. D
CEB  EBC  ECB  180 ( sum of △) ∵ OC  OB (radii)
CEB  134  30  180 ∴ OCB OBC = 68° (base s, isos. △)
In △OBC,
CEB  16
BOC  OBC  OCB  180 ( sum of △)
DOB  2CEB ( at centre twice  at ⊙ce)
BOC  68  68  180
 2  16
BOC  44
 32
∵ CD = AB (given)
x  DOB  EBC (ext.  of △)
∴ COD AOB (equal chords, equal s)
x  32  134
AOB  BOC  COD  180 (adj. s on st. line)
x  102
AOB  44  AOB  180
19. B AOB  68
Consider △AKB and △DKC.
AKB  DKC (vert.opp.s)
ABK  DCK (s in thesame segment)
22. D
 
∵ BC  AB (given)
BAK  CDK (s in thesame segment)
∴ BAC BCA = 25° (arcs prop. to s at ⊙ce)
∴ △AKB ~ △DKC (AAA)
CBD CAD = 50° (s in the same segment)
AB AK
∴  (corr. sides, ~△s) In △ABC,
DC DK ABC  ACB  BAC  180 ( sum of △)
AB 6 cm
 (ABD  50)  25  25  180
5 cm 4 cm
ABD  80
AB  7.5 cm

20. D 23. D
For I, AOB  2ACB ( at centre twice  at ⊙ce)
ACB  ADB (s in the same segment)
 2  24
 55
 48
In △ABC, 
ABC  BAC  ACB  180 ( sum of △)
ABC  50  55  180
AOC AC
AOB
 
AB
(arcs prop. to s at centre)

ABC  75 AOC 2  3


 90 48 2
∴ AC is not a diameter of the circle. AOC  120
∴ I is false. ∵ OA  OC (radii)
For II, ∴ OAC  OCA (base s, isos. △)
in △BDE, In △OAC,
ADB  DBE  DEB (ext.  of △)
OAC  OCA  AOC  180 ( sum of △)
55  DBE  15
2OAC  120  180
DBE  40 OAC  30
DAC  DBC (s in the same segment)
 40
BAD  BAC  DAC
 50  40
24.
∵
C

AB : BC : CD  2 : 3 : 5 (given)
 90 ∴ ACB : BDC : CBD  2 : 3 : 5
∴ BD is a diameter of the circle. (arcs prop. to s at ⊙ce)
(converse of  in semi-circle) ACB 2

∴ II is true. BDC 3
For III, 2
ACB  BDC
DAC  DBC (proved) 3
ADB  ACB (proved) BDC 3
AFD  BFC (vert. opp. s) 
CBD 5
∴ △AFD ~ △BFC (AAA) 5
∴ III is true. CBD  BDC
3
∴ The answer is D.

5
 14 Basic Properties of Circles

BKC AKD = 103°

In △KBC,
(vert. opp. s) 27. B

BKC  ACB  CBD  180
2 5
( sum of △)
BAC BC
BCA

AB
 (arcs prop. to s at ⊙ce)

103  BDC  BDC  180

3 3 3

7 5
BDC  77
3 3
BAC  BCA
BDC  33 5
In △KCD, In △ABC,
BDC  DCK  103 (ext.  of △) BCA  BAC  ABC  180 ( sum of △)
33  DCK  103 3
BCA  BCA  84  180
DCK  70 5
8
BCA  96
5
25.
∵
D

BC : AD  2 : (1  2  3) In △ACE,
BCA  60

 1: 3 CAD  AEC  BCA (ext.  of △)

∴ BAC : AED  1 : 3 (arcs prop. to s at ⊙ce) CAD  40  60
BAC 1
AED 3

 CAD  20

AED  3  32

CD

CAD
BCA
(arcs prop. to s at ⊙ce)
 96
AB
CD 20
26. B 
Join OB. 
5 cm 60
5
CD  cm
3

28. C
Join AQ.

  
∵

AB  2BC  2CD
∴
 
AB : BC : CD  2 : 1 : 1

∴ AB  BD
AQB  90°
QAB 3
( in semi-circle)
(arcs prop. to s at ⊙ce)

∴ AOB = BOD (equal arcs, equal s) QBA 2
AOB  AOD  BOD  360 (s at a pt.) 3
QAB  QBA
2AOB  80  360 2
AOB  140 In △AQB,
1 QAB  QBA  AQB  180 ( sum of △)
BCD  reflex BOD ( at centre twice  at ⊙ce)
2 3
QBA  QBA  90  180
1 2
 (140  80)
2 5
QBA  90
 110 2
QBA  36
SAB 1
 (arcs prop. to s at ⊙ce)
QBA 2
SAB 1

36 2
SAB  18

6
 14 Basic Properties of Circles

In △AKB, 33. B
AKQ  SAB  QBA (ext.  of △) Join OA.
 18  36
 54

29. B
∵ OB  OA (radii)
∴ OBA OAB  53° (base s, isos. △)
ABC  CDO  180 (opp. s, cyclic quad.)
(53  41)  CDO  180
CDO  86 ∵ OA  OB (radii)
∴ OAB  OBA  20 (base s, isos. △)
30. D ∵ OA  OD (radii)
ADC  ABC  180 (opp. s, cyclic quad.) ∴ OAD  ODA  30 (base s, isos. △)
ADC  132  180 BCE  BAD (ext. , cyclic quad.)
ADC  48  20  30
ACD  AED  180 (opp. s, cyclic quad.)  50
ACD  114  180
ACD  66 34. A
In △ACD, BCD  BAD  180 (opp. s, cyclic quad.)
CAD  ADC  ACD  180 ( sum of △)
BCD  70  180
CAD  48  66  180
BCD  110
CAD  66 In △BCD,
BDC  CBD  BCD  180 ( sum of △)
31. A BDC  28  110  180
Join CD.
 BDC  42

ADB AB
BDC
 
BC
(arcs prop. to s at ⊙ce)

ADB 2

42 1
ADB  84
ADC  90 ( in semi-circle) In △ADB,
CDE  CBE  180 (opp. s, cyclic quad.) ABD  BAD  ADB  180 ( sum of △)
(ADE  90)  68  180 ABD  70  84  180
ADE  22 ABD  26

32. B 35. B
∵ AD CD Join AD.
∴ DAC DCA (base s, isos. △)
In △ACD,
DAC  DCA  ADC  180 ( sum of △)
2DCA  132  180
DCA  24
ACB  90° ( in semi-circle)
DAE  DCB (ext. , cyclic quad.)
 90  24
ABC  ADC  180 (opp. s, cyclic quad.)
 114
92  (ADO  61)  180
ADO  27

7
 14 Basic Properties of Circles

∵ OA  OD (radii) 38. B
∴ OAD  ODA = 27 (base s, isos. △) For II,
In △OAD, ∵ BAD  BEF (ext. , cyclic quad.)
AOD  OAD  ODA  180 ( sum of △) and BEF + BCF  180° (opp. s, cyclic quad.)
∴ BAD + BCF  180°
AOD  27  27  180
∴ AD // CF (int. s supp.)
AOD  126 ∴ II must be true.
Refer to the figure below.
36. C
Join AC.

Obviously, in this case, AC is not parallel to DF.

∴ I may not be true.
ABC  114° (ext. , cyclic quad.) Also, in this case, we can show that ADE  BCF  180 .
∵ BA  BC (given) ∴ III may not be true.
∴ BAC  BCA (base s, isos. △) ∴ The answer is B.
In △ABC,
ABC  BCA  BAC  180 ( sum of △) 39. A
114  2BCA  180 ∵ ABC  AFC  110  70
BCA  33  180
ACD  90° ( in semi-circle) ∴ A, B, C and F are concyclic. (opp. s supp.)
BAD  BCD  180 (opp. s, cyclic quad.) ∴ I is true.
∵ CAD  CFD (given)
BAD  (33  90)  180
∴ A, C, D and F are concyclic.
BAD  57
(converse of s in the same segment)
∴ II is true.
37. C ∵ DAF  FEG
Join DA and DO. ∴ A, D, E and F are not concyclic.
∴ III is false.
∴ The answer is A.

40. A
For I and II,
∵ All interior angles in both square and rectangle are 90.
∴ The sum of any pair of opposite angles of square or
rectangle
EDA ABC = 115 (ext. , cyclic quad.) = 90 + 90
DAO BCD 67 (ext. , cyclic quad.) = 180
∵ OD  OA (radii) ∴ Square and rectangle must be cyclic quadrilaterals.
∴ ODA  OAD (base s, isos. △) (opp. s supp.)
∴ I and II must be true.
 67
For III,
EDO  EDA  ODA
∵ The sum of any pair of opposite angles of a trapezium
 115  67 may not be equal to 180.
 48 ∴ III may not be true.
∵ OE  OD (radii) ∴ The answer is A.
∴ DEO  EDO (base s, isos. △)
 48

8
 14 Basic Properties of Circles

41. A BC
With the notations in the figure, cos30 
AC
3
BC   8 cm
2
 4 3 cm
∴ Area of △ABC
1
 ( AB)( BC)
2
1
  4  4 3 cm 2
2
For I,  13.9 cm 2 (cor. to the nearest 0.1 cm2)
∵ a=c (given)
∴ A, F, D and C are concyclic. 43. A
Join OA.
(converse of s in the same segment)
∴ I is true.
For II,
consider cyclic quadrilateral AFDC.
2 x  2 y (s in the same segment)
x y
∴ A, F, D and B are concyclic.
(converse of s in the same segment)
∴ II is true.
∵ AM  MB (given)
For III, ∴ OM  AB (line joining centre to mid-pt. of
∵ x  2y
chord  chord)
∴ F, P, C and D are not concyclic. Let r cm be the radius of the circle.
∴ III is not true. ∴ OA  r cm and OM  (r  2) cm
∴ The answer is A. In △OAM,
AM 2  OM 2  OA2 (Pyth. theorem)
Part II Miscellaneous Questions
32  (r  2) 2  r 2
42. C
9  r 2  4r  4  r 2
Refer to the figure below.
A r  3.25
∴ OM  (3.25  2) cm
B  1.25 cm
60
E 44. B
Draw OP, OQ and OR such that OP  AB, OQ  BC and
OR  DE.
D

C
∵ AC and BD are diameters of the circle. R
∴ E is the centre of the circle.
1
ACB  AEB ( at centre twice  at ⊙ce)
2 P
1
  60 Q
2
 30 ∵ AB = BC = DE
ABC  90° ( in semi-circle) ∴ OP = OQ = OR (equal chords, equidistant from centre)
In △ABC, Consider △OPG and △ORG.
AB OG = OG (common side)
sin30 
AC OPG = ORG = 90
1 OP = OR (proved)
AB   8 cm
2 ∴ △OPG  △ORG (RHS)
 4 cm ∴ OGP = OGR (corr. s, △s)

9
 14 Basic Properties of Circles

Consider △OPB and △OQB. ∵ OM  BC

OB = OB (common side) ∴ MC = BM (line from centre  chord bisects chord)
OPB = OQB = 90 = 9 cm
OP = OQ (proved) ∴ BC  (9  9) cm
∴ △OPB  △OQB (RHS)
 18 cm
∴ OBP = OBQ (corr. s, △s)
In △BGF,
46. A
BFG  GBF  FGB  180 ( sum of △) Let O be the centre of the circle.
58  2OBP  2OGP  180 Join OA and OC.
OBP  OGP  61
In △OBG,
OBP  OGP  BOG  180 ( sum of △)
61  BOG  180
O
BOG  119

45. C
Let O be the centre of the circle.
Join OB. AOC  2ABC ( at centre twice  at ⊙ce)
Draw OM and AN such that OM  XY, AN // XY, and  2  27
OM and AN intersect at P.  54
3 cm 54
∴ 
The circumfere nce of the circle 360
20
O The circumference of the circle   3 cm
M 3
P
 20 cm

N 47. C
Let O be the centre of the circle.
∵ XYNA is a rectangle.
Join OC.
∴ YN = XA = 3 cm
ND = (21 – 3) cm = 18 cm
∵ OM  XY and AN // XY
∴ OM  AN
∴ AP = PN (line from centre  chord bisects chord)
∵ OA = OD (radii) O
1 BOC  2BAC ( at centre twice  at ⊙ce)
∴ OP  ND (mid-pt. theorem)
2
 2  40
1
  18 cm  80
2
OB  OC (radii)
 9 cm
∴ OM  (9  3) cm 1
  4 cm
 12 cm 2
In △OMB,  2 cm
Take OB as the base of △OBC.
OB  OA (radii)
the heightof △OBC
1 sin80 
  30 cm OC
2
the height of △OBC = 2 sin 80 cm
 15 cm
1 2
OB2  OM 2  BM 2 (Pyth. theorem) ∴ Area of △OBC  (2)(2 sin80) cm
2
152  122  BM 2  2 sin80 cm 2
BM  152  122 80
Area of sector OBC    (2) 2 cm 2
 9 cm 360
8
 cm 2
9

10
 14 Basic Properties of Circles

Area of the shaded region In △PQR,

 8  QPR  PRQ  PQR  180 ( sum of △)
  2 sin80  cm2
 9  2QPR  90  180
 0.82 cm2 (cor. to the nearest 0.01cm2 ) QPR  45
QSR  QPR = 45° (s in the same segment)
48. D In △QRS,
BOD  BAD (property of rhombus) QRS  QSR  SQR  180 ( sum of △)
 58 QRS  45  18  180
1 QRS  117
BCD  BOD ( at centre twice  at ⊙ce)
2
1 51. C
  58
2 In △ACE,
 29 ACD  AEC  BAC (ext.  of △)
∵ OB // DA (property of rhombus) ACD  20  34
∴ OBC = DAC (corr. s, OB // DA) ACD  14
= 58 ABD  ACD (s in the same segment)
In △BCE,
 14
CBE  BEC  BCE  180 ( sum of △)
CAD  CBD (s in the same segment)
58  BEC  29  180 In △ABF,
BEC  93 ABF  BAF  AFB  180 ( sum of △)
(14  CBD)  (34  CBD)  46  180
49. D 2CBD  86
For I,
CBD  43
∵ AOB  BOC (given)
∴ AB = BC (equal s, equal chords)
52. B
∴ I is true. Join DE.
For II,
OBC  AOB (alt. s, CB // OA)
∴ BOC  OBC
∵ OC  OB (radii)
∴ OCB  OBC (base s, isos. △)
∵ BOC  OBC = OCB
∴ △OBC is an equilateral triangle.
i.e. BC = OB = OC
∴ II is true.
For III, ADE  c (s in the same segment)
AOB BOC  60 BED  90 ( in semi-circle)
∵ OA  OB (radii) In △BDE,
∴ OAB OBA (base s, isos. △) DBE  BDE  BED  180 ( sum of △)
In △OAB, b  (d  c)  90  180
OBA OAB  AOB  180 ( sum of △) b  c  d  90
2OBA 60  180
53. B
OBA  60
Join BC.
∵ BOC  OBA = 60
∴ OC // AB (alt. s equal)
∴ III is true.
∴ The answer is D.

50. C
 
∵ PQ  QR Consider △CDE and △BAE.
DCE  ABE (s in the same segment)
∴ PRQ  QPR (arcs prop. to s at ⊙ce)
CDE  BAE (s in the same segment)
PQR  90° ( in semi-circle)
CED  BEA (vert. opp. s)
∴ △CDE ~ △BAE (AAA)

11
 14 Basic Properties of Circles

In △BCE, ABD  AED  180 (opp. s, cyclic quad.)

ACB  90 ( in semi-circle) 68  AED  180
CE AED  112
cos BEC 
BE AEC  90 ( in semi-circle)
CD CED  112  90
 (corr. sides, ~△s)
BA  22
4 cm ∵ CD = DE

12 cm ∴ ECD  CED (base s , isos. △)
1  22

3 In △CDE,
CED  CDE  ECD  180 ( sum of △)
54. C 22  CDE  22  180
Join AD.
CDE  136
CAE  CDE  180 (opp. s, cyclic quad.)
CAE  136  180
CAE  44

55. D
Join AC and AD.

y1

ACD  ABD (s in the same segment) y2

 68
ADC  90 ( in semi-circle)
In △ADC,
CAD  ADC  ACD  180 ( sum of △)
CAD  90  68  180 With the notations as shown in the figure,
CAD  22   
∵ BC = CD = DE (given)
∵
 
CD = DE (given) ∴ BC  CD  DE
BAC : CAD : DAE
(equal chords, equal arcs)
∴ CD  DE
 
 BC : CD : DE (arcs prop. to s at ⊙ce)
∴
DAE CD

CAD DE (arcs prop. to s at ⊙ce)
 1:1:1
i.e. BAC  CAD  DAE
DAE  CAD
BAC  CAD  DAE  105
 22
3DAE  105
CAE  22  22
DAE  35
 44
AED  90° ( in semi-circle)
In △ADE,
Alternative Solution ADE  AED  DAE  180 ( sum of △)
Join CE.
y2  35  90  180
y2  55
x  y1  180 (opp. s, cyclic quad.)
x  y  x  y1  y2
 180  55
 235

12
 14 Basic Properties of Circles

56. C CDE  CAO (ext. , cyclic quad.)

Join EC.  BAC  OAB
 24  48
 72

58. D
Only II and III must be true.
For II,
CBD  CEA (ext. , cyclicquad.)
CDB  CAE (ext. , cyclicquad.)
Let EBC  x. BCD  ECA (common angle)
∵ ED  EB (given) ∴ △CBD ~ △CEA (AAA)
∴ EDB EBD  x (base s, isos. △) ∴ II is true.
In △EBD, For III,
AEB  EBD  EDB (ext.  of △) DAC  BEC (s in the same segment)
ACD  ECB (common angle)
 xx 
ADC  180  DAC  ACD ( sum of △)
 2x
 180  BEC  ECB
BEC  90 ( in semi-circle)
ABC  AEC  180 (opp. s, cyclic quad.)  EBC ( sum of △)
(24  x)  (90  2 x)  180 ∴ △ADC ~ △EBC (AAA)
∴ III is true.
3x  66
∴ The answer is D.
x  22
In △ABE, 59. B
EAB  ABE  AEB  180 ( sum of △) Join BC and CD.
EAB  24  2(22)  180 
EAB  112

57. C
Join AC.

∵
   
AB : BC : CD : DA  3 : 2 : 4 : 3 (given)
∴ ACB : BDC : CBD : DCA  3 : 2 : 4 : 3
(arcs prop. to s at ⊙ce)
Let ACB = 3x, BDC = 2x, CBD = 4x and DCA = 3x.
In △BDC,
∵ OA  OB (radii) BDC  BCD  CBD  180 ( sum of △)
∴ OAB  OBA (base s, isos. △) BDC  (ACB  DCA)  CBD  180
In △OAB, 2 x  (3x  3x)  4 x  180
OAB  OBA BOA  180 ( sum of △)
12x  180
2OAB  84  180
x  15
OAB  48 In △BEC,
∵ BA  BC (given) ECB  CBE  BEC  180 ( sum of △)
∴ BAC  BCA (base s, isos. △) [ACE  3(15)]  4(15)  40  180
In △ACB,
ACE  35
OBA  BAC  BCA (ext.  of △)
48  2BAC
BAC  24

13
 14 Basic Properties of Circles

60. B ∵ OQ  OS (radii)
Join AB, BC, CD and DA. ∴ OQR  OSQ (base s, isos. △)
In △OQS,
QOS  OQR  OSQ  180 ( sum of △)
60  OSQ  OSQ  180
OSQ  60
Similarly, OPR  60
Consider quadrilateral OPAS.
OPA  PAS  OSA  POS  360 ( sum of polygon)

∵
   
AB : BC : CD : DA  3 : 3 : 4 : 8 (given)
60  PAS  60  90  360
PAS  150
∴ ADB: BDC : CBD : DBA  3 : 3 : 4 : 8
(arcs prop. to s at ⊙ce)
62. B
i.e. BDC  ADB ,
∵ G is the circumcentre of △ABC.
4
CBD  ADB and ∴ FD  BC and BE  AC
3 For I,
8 ∵ BFD  90
DBA  ADB
3 ∴ A, F, G and E are not concyclic.
ABC  ADC  180 ∴ I is false.
(opp.s, cyclicquad.) For II,
(DBA  CBD)  (ADB  BDC)  180 ∵ GDB  GEC  90
∴ E, G, D and C are concyclic. (ext.  = int. opp. )
8 4 
 ADB  ADB  (ADB  ADB)  180 ∴ II is true.
3 3  For III,
6ADB  180 ∵ BDA  90
ADB  30 ∴ BDA  BEA
CAD  CBD (s in the same segment) ∴ A, E, D and B are not concyclic.
4 ∴ III is false.
 (30) ∴ The answer is B.
3
 40
In △ADK, Quiz
KAD  ADK  AKD  180 ( sum of △)
1. A
40  30  AKD  180
∵ OA  OC (radii)
AKD  110 ∴ OAC  OCA (base s, isos. △)
= 33
61. C ∵ AM = MB (given)
Join OQ and OR. ∴ OM  AB (line joining centre to mid-pt. of chord 
chord)
In △AMC,
ACM  CAM  AMC  180 ( sum of △)
33  (33  OAM )  90  180
OAM  24

2. C
∵ BM  MC (given)
POQ 1 ∴ OM  BC (line joining centre to mid-pt. of
 (arcs prop. to s at centre)
POS 3 chord  chord)
OM 2  MC2  OC2 (Pyth. theorem)
POQ 1

90 3 OM  102  62 cm
POQ  30
 8 cm
∴ QOS  90  30  60

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 14 Basic Properties of Circles

OM 2  AM 2  OA2 (Pyth. theorem) UPS  QPS  QPU

 90  60
AM  172  82 cm
 30
 15 cm
∵ OM  AD
∴ AM  MD (line from centre  chord bisects chord) 6. C
ACB  90 ( in semi-circle)
∴ AD  2 AM
In △ABC,
 2  15 cm ABC  ACB  BAC  180 ( sum of △)
 30 cm ABC  90  28  180
ABC  62
3. B ∵ OB  OD (radii)
∵ OC  OA (radii)
∴ OBD ODB (base s, isos. △)
∴ OCA OAC 35 (base s, isos. △)
ODB  CBD (alt. s, OD // BC)
In △AOC,
∴ OBD  CBD
AOC  OCA  OAC  180 ( sum of △)
1
AOC  35  35  180   62
2
AOC  110  31
Reflex AOC  360  110 (s at a pt.) In △ABE,
 250 BAE  ABE  AED (ext.  of △)
1 28  31  AED
ABC   reflex AOC ( at centre twice  at ⊙ce)
2 AED  59
1
  250
2
7. B
 125 Let BAC x.
OAB  ABC  180 (int. s, OA // CB) CDB BAC x (s in the same segment)
(35  BAC)  125  180 In △CAE,
BAC  20 ACD  CEA  BAC (ext.  of △)
ACD  35  x
4. D ACD  x  35
ADB  90 ( in semi-circle) In △CKD,
In △ABD, CDB  ACD  CKB (ext.  of △)
ABD  ADB  DAB  180 ( sum of △) x  ( x  35)  81
ABD  90  72  180 2 x  116
ABD  18 x  58
COB  2BDC ( at centre twice  at ⊙ce) ∴ BAC  58
In △CDE,
CEB  DCE  BDC (ext.  of △)
8. C
 46  BDC Let CBD x.
In △EOB, ADB  CBD (alt. s, AD//BC)
CEB  ABD  COB (ext.  of △) x
 18  2BDC ACB  ADB (s in the same segment)
∴ 46  BDC  18  2BDC x
BDC  28 ∵ AB CB (given)
∴ BAC BCA (base s, isos. △)
5. C x
QPS  90 ( in semi-circle) In △ABC,
In △PRT, BAC  ACB  ABC  180 ( sum of △)
QPU  PRT  PTR (ext.  of △) x  x  (78  x)  180
 28  32 3x  102
 60 x  34

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 14 Basic Properties of Circles

In △ABE, In △ADC,
BAE  ABE  AED (ext.  of △) CAD  CDA  ACD  180 ( sum of △)
34  78  AED 34  124  ACD  180
AED  112 ACD  22

9. D Alternative Solution
QRU  QTU  180 (opp. s, cyclic quad.) Join BD.
QRU  118  180
QRU  62
In △PUR,
RPU  PRU  RUV (ext.  of △)
SPV  62  126 ADB  90° ( in semi-circle)
CDB  124° – 90° = 34°
SPV  64
∵ BC  CD (given)
∴ CBD  CDB (base s, isos. △)
10. D = 34°
Join DE. ACB  90° ( in semi-circle)
In △BCD,
CBD  CDB  BCD  180 ( sum of △)
34  34  (90  ACD)  180
ACD  22

12. C
Join OE.

1
CED  COD ( at centre twice  at ⊙ce) 30
2 160
1
  30
2
 15
ABD  AED  180 (opp. s, cyclic quad.)
x  ( y  15)  180 DOE  2DCE ( at centre twice  at ⊙ce)
x  y  165  2  30
 60
reflex BOE  2BAE ( at centre twice  at ⊙ce)
11. B 160  60  2BAE
ACB  90° ( in semi-circle) BAE  110
ADC  ABC  180 (opp. s, cyclic quad.)
124  ABC  180 13. C
ABC  56 BAC BDC 56 (s in the same segment)
In △ABC, ∵ AB  AC (given)
ABC  ACB  BAC  180 ( sum of △) ∴ ABC  ACB (base s, isos. △)
56  90  BAC  180 In △ABC,
BAC  34 ABC  ACB  BAC  180 ( sum of △)
∵
 
CD BC (given) 2ABC  56  180
ABC  62
∴ CD  BC
 (equal chords, equal arcs)
ADE  ABC (ext. , cyclic quad.)
∴
CAD CD

BAC BC 
(arcs prop. to s at ⊙ce)  62

CAD  BAC
 34

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 14 Basic Properties of Circles

14. D Let BAC = x.

Let EAF  x .
ACB AB

In △ABF,
CBE  AFB  x (ext.  of △) BAC

BC
 (arcs prop. to s at ⊙ce)

 33  x ACB 4

BCE  x (ext. , cyclic quad.) x 3
In △BCE, 4
ACB  x
BCE  CBE  CEB  180 ( sum of △) 3
x  (33  x)  43  180 ACD  BAC  x (alt. s, DC // AB)
2 x  104 DAC  90 ( in semi-circle)
x  52 DAB  DCB  180 (opp.s, cyclicquad.)
∴ EAF  52 4 
(90  x)   x  x   180
3 
15. B 10
x  90
ADB  90 ( in semi-circle) 3
In △BCD, x  27
DBA  BDC  DCB (ext.  of △) ∴ BAC  27
 15  25
 40 18. A
In △ABD, For I,
DAB  ADB  DBA  180 ( sum of △) ∵ AB  AC (given)
DAB  90  40  180 ∴ ABC ACB (base s, isos. △)
∵ ABC  ADE (ext. , cyclic quad.)
 DAB  50
∴ ADE  ACB
∴ 
AD
BQD

DBA
DAB
(arcs prop. to s at ⊙ce) ∴ ED  BC
∴ I is true.
(corr. s equal)

For II,
40
 ∵ ACB  ABC (proved)
50
4 ∴
 
BED  CDE (arcs prop.to s at ⊙ ) ce

5 EB  ED
  ED
  DC

16. D
 
EB  DC
∵
  
AB : BC : CD  3 : 2 : 1 (given)
∴ II is true.
For III,
∴ ADB: BDC : CBD  3 : 2 : 1 ABC  ADE (ext. , cyclic quad.)
(arcs prop. to s at ⊙ce) ACB  AED (ext. , cyclic quad.)
Let ADB = 3x, BDC = 2x and CBD = x. BAC  DAE (common )
ADC  ABC  180 (opp. s, cyclic quad.) ∴ △ABC △ADE (AAA)
(ADB  BDC)  80  180 ∵ The lengths of BC and DE are unknown.
(3x  2 x)  80  180 1
∴ ED may not be equal to BC .
x  20 2
∴ DBA  CBA  CBD ∴ III may not be true.
 80  20 ∴ The answer is A.
 60

17. A
Join AD and BC.

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 14 Basic Properties of Circles

19. A
Join AC and BD.

Consider △PAC and △PDB.

PAC  PDB (ext. , cyclicquad.)
PCA  PBD (ext. , cyclicquad.)
APC  DPB (common )
∴ △PAC ~ △PDB (AAA)
PA PC
∴  (corr. sides, ~△s)
PD PB
4 cm 5 cm

5 cm  CD (4  5) cm
25 cm  5CD  36 cm
CD  2.2 cm

20. C
For I,
AFH  AEH  90 ( in semi-circle)
BFC  180  AFH (adj. s on st. line)
 180  AEH
 BEC (adj. s on st. line)
∴ B, F, E and C are concyclic.
(converse of s in the same segment)
∴ I is true.
For II,
 
FAH = EAH is true only when FH  HE .
∴ II may not be true.
For III,
∵ CF  AB and BE  AC (proved)
∴ H is the orthocentre of △ABC.
∴ AD  BC
∴ III is true.
∴ The answer is C.

18