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    Série 4 DL El Mortad

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    Série 4 DL El Mortad

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    Série 4 DL el mortad

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    Série 4 DL El Mortad

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    of 2

    National School of Autonomous Systems

    Analysis II First year


    2023/2024

    Exercise Set 1 : Taylor expansion and Limited development

    Exercise 1.
    • Show the following inequalities
    h πh x3 x3 x5
    ∀x ∈ 0, , x− ≤ sin x ≤ x − +
    2 3! 3! 5!
    x2 x3 x
    ∀x ∈ [0, +∞[, ex − 1 − x − ≤ e
    2 6
    i 1 1h 1
    ∀x ∈ − , , ln(2 − 8x4 ) + 4x4 − ln 2 <
    2 2 18
    1 1 π 1
    ∀x ∈ [0, +∞[, (x − 1) − (x − 1)2 ≤ arctan x − ≤ (x − 1).
    2 2 4 2
    1
    • Deduce an approximation value of sin within 3 · 10−4 and an approximation value of e0.1 within
    2
    5 · 10−4 .
    Exercise 2. Compute the limited development in the neighborhood of 0 for the following functions
    of the indicate order n

    ln(1 + x3 )
    f1 (x) = tan(x) (n = 3) f2 (x) = sin(tan(x)) (n = 5), f3 (x) = (n = 3),
    x − tan x
    p √
    f4 (x) = (cos x)sin x (n = 5), f5 (x) = ln(e2x + 2ex + 3) (n = 3), f6 (x) = 8 + 1 + 6x (n = 2),
     1+x 
    f7 (x) = ch(ln(ch(x))) (n = 4), f8 (x) = arctan (n = 3).
    1 + 2x
    Exercise 3. Compute the limited development in the neighborhood of x0 for the following functions
    of the indicate order n
    ln x
    f1 (x) = (x0 = 1, n = 4), f2 (x) = ln(sin x) (x0 = π4 , n = 3)
    x−1
    √
    x+2−2
    f3 (x) = √ (x0 = 2, n = 2), f4 (x) = arctan(x) (x0 = 1, n = 3)
    1 − 3x − 5
    √  sin x 
    f5 (x) = ln(x + 1 + x2 ) − ln x (x0 = +∞, n = 4), f6 (x) = arctan (x0 = +∞, n = 3).
    x
    Exercise 4. Compute, by using the limited development, the following limits

    3x − 2 sin x − tan x x ln( chx)  1 1 


    lim , lim √ , lim − ,
    x→0 3x − 2shx − thx x→0 1 + x x + 1 − esin x x→0 th2 x tan2 x
    √ p  2 x1 + 3 x1 x
    1 + sin x − 3 − sin2 (x) p p p
    lim , lim , lim ( x4 + 3x3 − 2 x4 + 2x3 + x4 + x3 ).
    x→ π2 cos x x→+∞ 2 x→+∞

    Exercise 5. We consider the function f defined on ] − 21 , 12 [ by:


     1 + 2x 
    f (x) = (x2 − 1) ln .
    1 − 2x
    1. Determine the limited development of f in the neighborhood of 0 to the third order.

    2. Deduce the values of f 0 (0), f 00 (0) and f 000 (0).


    3. Give the equation of the tangent (T) to the function f at the point x0 = 0. Then, specify its
    position relative to the curve (Cf ) of f in the neighborhood of x0 .

    4. What does the point (0, f (0)) represent relative to the curve of the function f ?
    Exercise 6. Let f : R → R be the function

    f (x) = ln(1 + x2 ) − x

    1. Show that f admits an inverse function f −1 .

    2. Give the limited development in the neighborhood of 0 to the forth order of f −1 .


    Exercise 7. Determine the asymptotes and their positions at ±∞ of
    x 1
    f1 (x) = x arctan( ) and f2 (x) = (x − 1)e x−3 .
    x−1

    Limited development of usual functions in the neighborhood of 0

    x2 xn
    ex = 1 + x + + ... + + o(xn )
    2! n!
    x2 x4 x2n
    chx = 1 + + + ... + + o(x2n+1 )
    2! 4! (2n)!
    x3 x5 x2n+1
    shx = x + + + ... + + o(x2n+2 )
    3! 5! (2n + 1)!
    x2 x4 x2n
    cos x = 1 − + + ... + (−1)n + o(x2n+1 )
    2! 4! (2n)!
    x3 x5 x2n+1
    sin x = x − + ... + (−1)n + o(x2n+2 )
    3! 5! (2n + 1)!
    1
    = 1 + x + x2 + ... + xn + o(xn )
    1−x
    1
    = 1 − x + x2 + ... + (−1)n xn + o(xn )
    1+x
    x2 x3 xn
    ln(1 − x) = −(x + + ... + ) + o(xn )
    2 3 n
    x2 x3 n
    ln(1 + x) = x − + ... + (−1)n+1 xn + o(xn )
    2 3
    α(α − 1)...(α − n + 1) n
    (1 + x)α = 1 + αx + ... + x + o(xn ), α ∈ R .
    n!
    x3 2n+1
    arctan x = x − 3 + ... + (−1)n x2n+1 + o(x2n+3 )

    1 x3 1 × 3 × ... × (2n − 1) x2n+1


    arcsin x = x + + ... + + o(x2n+3 )
    2 3 2 × 4 × ... × 2n + 1 2n + 1

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