BA00461C/07/EN/20.

23-00 Products Solutions Services

71623201
2023-07-08

Operating Instructions
Turbimax CUS51D
Sensor for turbidity and solids content
Turbimax CUS51D Table of contents

Table of contents

1 About this document . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 11.2 Spare parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

11.3 Return . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
1.1 Safety information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 11.4 Disposal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
1.2 Symbols used . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.3 Symbols on the device . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
1.4 Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 12 Accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
12.1 Device-specific accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
2 Basic safety instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
2.1 Requirements of the personnel . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 13 Technical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
2.2 Intended use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 13.1 Input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
2.3 Workplace safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 13.2 Energy supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
2.4 Operational safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 13.3 Performance characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
2.5 Product safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 13.4 Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44
13.5 Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
3 Product description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 13.6 Mechanical construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
3.1 Product design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
4 Incoming acceptance and product
identification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
4.1 Incoming acceptance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
4.2 Product identification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
4.3 Scope of delivery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
4.4 Certificates and approvals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14

5 Mounting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
5.1 Mounting requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
5.2 Mounting the sensor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
5.3 Post-mounting check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23

6 Electrical connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
6.1 Connecting the sensor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
6.2 Ensuring the degree of protection . . . . . . . . . . 25
6.3 Post-connection check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26

7 Commissioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
7.1 Function check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

8 Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
8.1 Adapting the measuring device to the process
conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

9 Diagnostics and troubleshooting . . . 38

9.1 General troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38

10 Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
10.1 Maintenance tasks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

11 Repair . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
11.1 General notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40

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About this document Turbimax CUS51D

1 About this document

1.1 Safety information

Structure of information Meaning

LDANGER This symbol alerts you to a dangerous situation.

Causes (/consequences) Failure to avoid the dangerous situation will result in a fatal or serious
If necessary, Consequences of injury.
non-compliance (if applicable)
‣ Corrective action
LWARNING This symbol alerts you to a dangerous situation.
Causes (/consequences) Failure to avoid the dangerous situation can result in a fatal or serious
If necessary, Consequences of injury.
non-compliance (if applicable)
‣ Corrective action
LCAUTION This symbol alerts you to a dangerous situation.
Causes (/consequences) Failure to avoid this situation can result in minor or more serious injuries.
If necessary, Consequences of
non-compliance (if applicable)
‣ Corrective action
NOTICE This symbol alerts you to situations which may result in damage to
Cause/situation property.
If necessary, Consequences of
non-compliance (if applicable)
‣ Action/note

1.2 Symbols used

Additional information, tips
Permitted
Recommended
Forbidden or not recommended
Reference to device documentation
Reference to page
Reference to graphic
 Result of a step

1.3 Symbols on the device

Symbol Meaning

Reference to device documentation

Do not dispose of products bearing this marking as unsorted municipal

waste. Instead, return them to the manufacturer for disposal under the
applicable conditions.

4 Endress+Hauser
Turbimax CUS51D About this document

1.4 Documentation
The following manuals, which complement these Operating Instructions, can be found on
the product pages on the Internet:
Technical Information Turbimax CUS51D, TI00461C

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Basic safety instructions Turbimax CUS51D

2 Basic safety instructions

2.1 Requirements of the personnel

• Installation, commissioning, operation and maintenance of the measuring system may
be carried out only by specially trained technical personnel.
• The technical personnel must be authorized by the plant operator to carry out the
specified activities.
• The electrical connection may be performed only by an electrical technician.
• The technical personnel must have read and understood these Operating Instructions
and must follow the instructions contained therein.
• Faults at the measuring point may only be rectified by authorized and specially trained
personnel.
Repairs not described in the Operating Instructions provided must be carried out only
directly at the manufacturer's site or by the service organization.

2.2 Intended use

The sensor is used to measure turbidity and solids content in water and wastewater.
The sensor is particularly suited for use in the following applications:
• Turbidity measurement in the outlet
• Solids content in activated sludge and recirculation
• Solids content in sludge treatment
• Filterable matter in outlet of WWTPs
Use of the device for any purpose other than that described, poses a threat to the safety of
people and of the entire measuring system and is therefore not permitted.
The manufacturer is not liable for damage caused by improper or non-designated use.

2.3 Workplace safety

As the user, you are responsible for complying with the following safety conditions:
• Installation guidelines
• Local standards and regulations
• Regulations for explosion protection
Electromagnetic compatibility
• The product has been tested for electromagnetic compatibility in accordance with the
applicable international standards for industrial applications.
• The electromagnetic compatibility indicated applies only to a product that has been
connected in accordance with these Operating Instructions.

6 Endress+Hauser
Turbimax CUS51D Basic safety instructions

2.4 Operational safety

Before commissioning the entire measuring point:
1. Verify that all connections are correct.
2. Ensure that electrical cables and hose connections are undamaged.
3. Do not operate damaged products, and protect them against unintentional operation.
4. Label damaged products as defective.

During operation:
‣ If faults cannot be rectified:
products must be taken out of service and protected against unintentional operation.

2.5 Product safety

The product is designed to meet state-of-the-art safety requirements, has been tested, and
left the factory in a condition in which it is safe to operate. The relevant regulations and
international standards have been observed.

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Product description Turbimax CUS51D

3 Product description

3.1 Product design

The sensor is designed for continuous in-situ determination of turbidity and solids content.
The sensor with the 40 mm (1.57 in) diameter can be operated directly and completely in
the process without the need for further sampling (in-situ).
The sensor includes all necessary modules:
• Power supply
• Light sources
• Detectors
Detectors detect the measuring signals, digitize them and process them to form a
measured value.
• Sensor microcontroller
This is responsible for controlling internal processes and transmitting data.
All data - including the calibration data - are stored in the sensor. The sensor can be
precalibrated and used at a measuring point, calibrated externally, or used for several
measuring points with different calibrations.

3.1.1 Measuring principle

For turbidity measurement a light beam is directed through the medium and is deflected
from its original direction by optically denser particles, e.g. particles of solid matter. This
process is also called scattering.

4
A0030850

1 Deflection of light
1 Light source
2 Light beam
3 Particle
4 Scattered light

The incident light is scattered in many directions, i.e. at different angles to the direction of
propagation. 2 angle ranges are of particular interest here:
• Light scattered at a 90° angle is used primarily for turbidity measurement in drinking
water.
• Light scattered at a 135° angle extends the dynamic range for high particle densities.

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Turbimax CUS51D Product description

135° 90°

1 2 3
A0030846

2 Principle mode of operation of turbidity sensor

1 Light source
2 135° light receiver
3 90° light receiver

If the particle density in the medium is low, most of the light is scattered in the 90°channel
and a small amount of light is scattered in the 135° channel. As the particle density
increases, this ratio shifts (more light in the 135° channel, less light in the 90° channel).

Ir
1

135°

90°

FNU
A0030849

3 Signal distribution as a function of the particle density

Ir Relative intensity
FNU Turbidity unit

The CUS51D turbidity sensor has 2 sensor units, which are independent of each other and
arranged in parallel. The application-dependent evaluation of both signals leads to stable
measured values.

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Product description Turbimax CUS51D

4 6
3 5

1 2

A0030845

4 Arrangement of light sources and light receivers

1, 2 Light sources 1 and 2
3, 5 135° light receiver
4, 6 90° light receiver

The sensor covers a broad range of turbidity and solids measurements thanks to the
optical arrangement with 2 light sources, each with 2 light receivers placed at different
angles (90° and 135°).
• As soon as the customer selects an application, e.g. Activated sludge, the optical
method best suited for the particular measuring task is automatically activated in the
sensor (e.g. 90° measurements with both light sources).
• The double sensing system (2 light sources with 2 receivers per source) largely
compensates for measurement errors caused by fouling (4-beam pulsed light method
→  10).
The sensor types available vary in terms of their measuring ranges and therefore the
range of available applications.

3.1.2 Measuring methods

4-beam pulsed light method

The method is based on 2 light sources and 4 light receivers. Long-life LEDs are used as
monochromatic light sources. These LEDs are pulsed alternately and generate 4 scattered
light signals per LED pulse at the receivers.
This offsets interference influences such as extraneous light, LED aging, fouling of
windows and absorption in the medium. Depending on the chosen application, different
scattered light signals are processed. The signal type, number and calculation are stored in
the sensor.

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Turbimax CUS51D Product description

S1 E1-135 E1-90

S2 E2-135 E2-90
A0030847

5 4-beam pulsed light method

S1 S2 Light source
E90 Light receiver for 90° scattered light
E135 Light receiver for 135° scattered light

90° scattered light method

Measurement is performed with a wavelength of 860 nm, as described in ISO 7027/EN
27027.
The emitted light beam is scattered by the solid particles in the medium. The scattered
radiation generated in this way is measured by scattered light receivers, which are
arranged at an angle of 90° to the light sources. The turbidity of the medium is determined
by the amount of scattered light.

P a

S
A0030852

6 90° scattered light method

S Light source
E Receiver
P Particle

135° backscattered light method

The emitted light beam is scattered by the solid particles in the medium. The
backscattering generated is measured by scattered light receivers, which are arranged next
to the light sources. The turbidity of the medium is determined based on the quantity of
back-scattered light. It is possible to measure very high turbidity values with this type of
scattered light measurement.

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Product description Turbimax CUS51D

Is = I0 · C · A· f(a)

IS
E1 a P

I0

S1

A0030855

7 Principle of backscattered light method

Io Intensity of transmitted light
Is Intensity of scattered light
A Geometric factor
C Concentration
P Particle
f(α) Angle correlation

12 Endress+Hauser
Turbimax CUS51D Incoming acceptance and product identification

4 Incoming acceptance and product

identification

4.1 Incoming acceptance

1. Verify that the packaging is undamaged.
 Notify the supplier of any damage to the packaging.
Keep the damaged packaging until the issue has been resolved.
2. Verify that the contents are undamaged.
 Notify the supplier of any damage to the delivery contents.
Keep the damaged goods until the issue has been resolved.
3. Check that the delivery is complete and nothing is missing.
 Compare the shipping documents with your order.
4. Pack the product for storage and transportation in such a way that it is protected
against impact and moisture.
 The original packaging offers the best protection.
Make sure to comply with the permitted ambient conditions.
If you have any questions, please contact your supplier or your local Sales Center.

4.2 Product identification

4.2.1 Nameplate
The nameplate provides you with the following information on your device:
• Manufacturer identification
• Order code
• Extended order code
• Serial number
• Safety information and warnings

‣ Compare the information on the nameplate with the order.

4.2.2 Identifying the product

Product page
www.endress.com/cus51d

Interpreting the order code

The order code and serial number of your product can be found in the following locations:
• On the nameplate
• In the delivery papers

Obtaining information on the product

1. Go to www.endress.com.
2. Page search (magnifying glass symbol): Enter valid serial number.
3. Search (magnifying glass).
 The product structure is displayed in a popup window.
4. Click the product overview.
 A new window opens. Here you fill information pertaining to your device,
including the product documentation.

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Incoming acceptance and product identification Turbimax CUS51D

Manufacturer's address
Endress+Hauser Conducta GmbH+Co. KG
Dieselstraße 24
70839 Gerlingen
Germany

4.3 Scope of delivery

The scope of delivery comprises:
• 1 sensor, version as ordered
• 1 x Operating Instructions
‣ If you have any queries:
Please contact your supplier or local sales center.

4.4 Certificates and approvals

Current certificates and approvals for the product are available at www.endress.com on the
relevant product page:
1. Select the product using the filters and search field.
2. Open the product page.
3. Select Downloads.

14 Endress+Hauser
Turbimax CUS51D Mounting

5 Mounting

5.1 Mounting requirements

5.1.1 Dimensions

(0.81)
20.5
12.5 (0.49)
82.7 (3.26)
NPT ¾“

G1

36

13.5 (0.53)
(1.42)

Ø 40
(1.57)
188.5 (7.42)

A0030853

8 Dimensions. Engineering unit: mm (in)

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Mounting Turbimax CUS51D

Compressed air cleaning

A B 72 (2.83)

(0.70)
17.8
(0.70)
17.8

77.3 (3.04)
65.8 (2.59)

11.5 (0.45)

48 (1.89)
Ø 40.1 (1.58)
Ø 50 (1.97)
A0030854

9 Compressed air cleaning. Engineering unit: mm (in)

A Version 6 mm (0.24 in)
B Version 6.35 mm (0.25 in)

5.2 Mounting the sensor

The sensor can be installed with different assemblies or directly in a pipe connection.
However, the CYA112 immersion assembly must be used for continuous operation of the
sensor under water.

5.2.1 Measuring system

A complete measuring system comprises:
• Turbimax CUS51D turbidity sensor
• Liquiline CM44x multi-channel transmitter
• Assembly:
• Flexdip CYA112 assembly and Flexdip CYH112 holder or
• Retractable assembly, e.g. Cleanfit CUA451

16 Endress+Hauser
Turbimax CUS51D Mounting

3
2 4

A0051207

 10 Measuring system with immersion assembly (example)

1 Main pipe, Flexdip CYH112 holder
2 Liquiline CM44x multi-channel transmitter
3 Weather protection cover
4 Transverse pipe, Flexdip CYH112 holder
5 Wastewater assembly Flexdip CYA112
6 Turbimax CUS51D turbidity sensor

A0030856

 11 Measuring system with immersion assembly (example)

1 Liquiline CM44x multi-channel transmitter
2 Weather protection cover
3 Transverse pipe, Flexdip CYH112 holder
4 Wastewater assembly Flexdip CYA112
5 Turbimax CUS51D turbidity sensor

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Mounting Turbimax CUS51D

2
1

4 3
A0030843

 12 Measuring system with retractable assembly (example)

1 Turbimax CUS51D turbidity sensor
2 Liquiline CM44x multi-channel transmitter
3 Cleanfit CUA451 retractable assembly
4 Flow direction
5 Optical windows

5.2.2 Installation examples

Pipe installation

A0051206

 13 Installing with retractable assembly

1 Flow direction
2 Optical windows

The installation angle α must not exceed 90° →  13,  18. The recommended
installation angle is 75°. The optical windows of the sensor must be aligned along the flow
direction.
The medium pressure may not exceed 2 bar (29 psi) for manual assembly retraction.

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Turbimax CUS51D Mounting

A0035858

 14 Installing with CYA251 flow assembly

The installation angle is 90°. For turbidity measurements < 200 FNU, the backscattering of
the internal surfaces of the assembly causes distortions in the measured values.
The following diagram shows different installation scenarios in pipes, indicating whether
or not they are permitted.

3
5
1 4

A0030848

 15 Orientations and positions (with CUA451 retractable assembly)

• When using reflective materials (e.g. stainless steel), the pipe diameter must be at least
100 mm (3.9 in). An onsite calibration is recommended.
• Install the sensor in places with consistent flow conditions.
• The best installation location is in the ascending pipe (item 1). Installation is also
possible in the horizontal pipe (item 5).
• Do not install in places where air spaces or bubbles occur (item 3) or where
sedimentation may occur (item 2).
• Avoid installation in the down pipe (item 4).
• When measuring turbidity < 200 FNU, the backscattering of the pipe wall causes
distortions in the measured values. For this reason, measured value adjustment with an
offset is recommended here.
• Avoid fittings downstream from pressure reduction stages which can lead to outgassing.

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Mounting Turbimax CUS51D

Immersion operation

Fixed installation with wastewater assembly

3
3
2 4

4 1

6
1

A0051207
A0013383

 17 Installation with upright post

 16 Installation on railing
1 Main pipe, Flexdip CYH112 holder
1 Turbimax CUS51D turbidity sensor
2 Liquiline CM44x multi-channel transmitter
2 Wastewater assembly Flexdip CYA112
3 Weather protection cover
3 Transverse pipe, Flexdip CYH112 holder
4 Transverse pipe, Flexdip CYH112 holder
4 Main pipe, Flexdip CYH112 holder
5 Wastewater assembly Flexdip CYA112
6 Turbimax CUS51D turbidity sensor

20 Endress+Hauser
Turbimax CUS51D Mounting

This type of installation is particularly suitable for strong or turbulent flow

(> 0.5 m/s (1.6 ft/s)) in basins or channels.

Installation with chain retainer

4
3
3 2 4

2
6

1
7
A0013384 A0051208

 18 Chain retainer on railing  19 Chain retainer on upright post

1 Turbimax CUS51D turbidity sensor 1 Main pipe, Flexdip CYH112 holder
2 Wastewater assembly Flexdip CYA112 2 Liquiline CM44x multi-channel transmitter
3 Chain of Flexdip CYH112 holder 3 Weather protection cover
4 Transverse pipe, Flexdip CYH112 holder 4 Transverse pipe, Flexdip CYH112 holder
5 Main pipe, Flexdip CYH112 holder 5 Chain of Flexdip CYH112 holder
6 Wastewater assembly Flexdip CYA112
7 Turbimax CUS51D turbidity sensor

The chain retainer is particularly suitable for applications that require a sufficient distance
between the mounting location and the wall of the aeration basin. As the assembly is
freely suspended, any vibration of the upright post is avoided. The swinging of the chain
enhances the self-cleaning effect of the optics.
For detailed information on mounting with the wastewater assembly, see the
Operating Instructions BA00432C

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Mounting Turbimax CUS51D

Mounting the cleaning unit

A0031105

 20 Turbimax CUS51D sensor with cleaning unit

The cleaning unit is particularly suitable for clear water or media with a high fat content
that tend to cause heavy buildup.

2
1 1

A0030861
A0030860

 21 Aligning the cleaning unit  22 Fixing the cleaning unit

1 LEDs 1 Hose connection

2 Nozzle 2 Fixing screw

Mount the cleaning unit as follows:

1. Fit the cleaning unit onto the sensor as far as possible.
2. Locate the two LEDs (they are installed at an angle and have a bright background).
3. Position the cleaning unit in such a way that the nozzle is located at the side of the
two LEDs (→  21).
4. Fix the cleaning unit in place with the securing screw using an Allen key
2.5 mm (0.1 in) (max. torque: 0.5 Nm (0.37 lbf ft).
5. Insert the compressed air hose of the compressor into the hose connection.

22 Endress+Hauser
Turbimax CUS51D Mounting

5.3 Post-mounting check

Put the sensor into operation only if the following questions can be answered with "yes":
• Are the sensor and cable undamaged?
• Is the orientation correct?
• Has the sensor been installed in the process connection, and does not suspend freely
from the cable?

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Electrical connection Turbimax CUS51D

6 Electrical connection
LWARNING
Device is live!
Incorrect connection may result in injury or death!
‣ The electrical connection may be performed only by an electrical technician.
‣ The electrical technician must have read and understood these Operating Instructions
and must follow the instructions contained therein.
‣ Prior to commencing connection work, ensure that no voltage is present on any cable.

6.1 Connecting the sensor

The following connection options are available:
• Via M12 plug (version: fixed cable, M12 plug)
• Via sensor cable to the plug-in terminals of a sensor input on the transmitter (version:
fixed cable, end sleeves)

PK

85
2DS

1
GY

86
PK
85
1

85
GY
86

86
85
2

Sensor 1
86

BN

98 97 88 87
WH
Sensor 1 Sensor GN
YE
98 97 88 87

GN
YE

Sensor 2
98 97 88 87

Sensor
A0033092

 23 Sensor connection to sensor input (left) or via M12 plug (right)

The maximum cable length is 100 m (328.1 ft).

6.1.1 Connecting the cable shield

Device cable must be shielded cables.
Only use terminated original cables where possible.
Clamping range of cable clamps: 4 to 11 mm (0.16 to 0.43 in)

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Turbimax CUS51D Electrical connection

Cable sample (does not necessarily correspond to the original cable supplied)

1 2

3
4

 24 Terminated cable
A0045763 A0045764

1 Outer shield (exposed)  25 Connect the cable to the  26 Press the cable into the
2 Cable cores with ferrules grounding clamp grounding clamp
3 Cable sheath (insulation)
4 Grounding clamp
The cable shield is grounded using
the grounding clamp 1)

1) Please note the instructions in the "Ensuring the degree of protection" section

1. Loosen a suitable cable gland on the bottom of the housing.

2. Remove the dummy plug.
3. Attach the gland to the cable end, making sure the gland is facing the right direction.
4. Pull the cable through the gland and into the housing.
5. Route the cable in the housing in such a way that the exposed cable shield fits into
one of the cable clamps and the cable cores can be easily routed as far as the
connection plug on the electronics module.
6. Connect the cable to the cable clamp.
7. Clamp the cable.
8. Connect cable cores as per the wiring diagram.
9. Tighten the cable gland from outside.

6.2 Ensuring the degree of protection

Only the mechanical and electrical connections which are described in these instructions
and which are necessary for the required, designated use, may be carried out on the device
delivered.
‣ Exercise care when carrying out the work.
Individual types of protection permitted for this product (impermeability (IP), electrical
safety, EMC interference immunity) can no longer be guaranteed if, for example :
• Covers are left off
• Different power units to the ones supplied are used
• Cable glands are not sufficiently tightened (must be tightened with 2 Nm (1.5 lbf ft) for
the permitted level of IP protection)
• Unsuitable cable diameters are used for the cable glands
• Modules are not fully secured
• The display is not fully secured (risk of moisture entering due to inadequate sealing)
• Loose or insufficiently tightened cables/cable ends
• Conductive cable strands are left in the device

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Electrical connection Turbimax CUS51D

6.3 Post-connection check

Device health and specifications Action

Is the outside of the sensor, assembly or cable free ‣ Perform a visual inspection.
from damage?

Electrical connection Action

Are the mounted cables strain-relieved and not ‣ Perform a visual inspection.
twisted? ‣ Untwist the cables.
Is a sufficient length of the cable cores stripped, and ‣ Perform a visual inspection.
are the cores positioned in the terminal correctly? ‣ Pull gently to check they are seated correctly.
Are the power supply and signal lines connected ‣ Use the transmitter wiring diagram.
correctly?

Are all screw terminals tightened? ‣ Tighten the screw terminals.

Are all cable entries mounted, firmly tightened and ‣ Perform a visual inspection.
leak-tight? In the case of lateral cable entries:
Are all cable entries mounted on the side or pointing ‣ Point cable loops downward so that water can drip
downwards? off.

26 Endress+Hauser
Turbimax CUS51D Commissioning

7 Commissioning

7.1 Function check

Prior to initial commissioning, ensure that:
• The sensor is correctly installed
• The electrical connection is correct

Endress+Hauser 27
Operation Turbimax CUS51D

8 Operation

8.1 Adapting the measuring device to the process

conditions

8.1.1 Applications
The sensor permits measurements in a wide variety of applications. The measuring
method is set automatically by selecting the relevant application.

Clear water application type

Application Method Measuring range

Formazine 135° - single-channel measurement 0 to 4000 FNU

Display range up to 9999 FNU

Kaolin 135° - single-channel measurement 0 to 5 g/l

TiO2 135°, 4-beam pulsed light 0.2 to 150 g/l

SiO2 135°, 4-beam pulsed light 5 to 100 g/l

A
B
C
g/l
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 150 160

D
FNU
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
9000
9999
0

A0050651

 27 Clear water application type

A TiO2
B SiO2
C Kaolin
D Formazine

Solid application type

Application Method Measuring range

Thin sludge 135° turbidity, single-channel 0 to 5 g/l

Activated sludge 90°, 4-beam pulsed light 2 to 15 g/l

Excess sludge 135°, 4-beam pulsed light 3 to 50 g/l

Sludge, general 135°, single-channel (for low TS content) 0 to 50 g/l

135°, 4-beam pulsed light (for high TS content)

Digested sludge 135° turbidity, single-channel 5 to 100 g/l / 300 g/l

28 Endress+Hauser
Turbimax CUS51D Operation

A
B
C
D
E
g/l
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
A0050652

 28 Solid application type

A Digested sludge
B Excess sludge
C Sludge, general (mainly for SBR applications)
D Activated sludge (only for TS ranges > 2 g/l)
E Thin sludge

The Thin sludge application enables measurements in any sludge applications from
0 to 5 g/l (0 to 0.04 lb/gal). Measurements in numerous sludge applications from
0 to 50 g/l (0 to ⁰.⁴⁄ lb/ga) (e.g. SBR) are possible with the Sludge, general application.
These applications can be calibrated at a single point in the process during operation.
Fields of use and associated applications →  29

NOTICE
Multiple scattering in the following applications: formazine, kaolin and thin sludge
If the specific operational range is exceeded, the measured value displayed by the sensor
can decrease despite increasing turbidity or increasing TS content. The indicated
operational range is reduced in the case of highly absorbing (e.g. dark) media.
‣ In the case of highly absorbing (e.g. dark) media, determine the operational range
experimentally beforehand.

8.1.2 Calibration
The sensor is precalibrated on leaving the factory. As such, it can be used in a wide range
of applications (e.g. clear water measurement) without any further calibration. The factory
calibrations are based on a three-point calibration in each case. The Formazine
application is already fully calibrated and can be used without any further calibration.
All other applications are precalibrated with reference samples and require calibration to
the corresponding application.
In addition to the factory calibration data, which cannot be modified, the sensor has five
other data records to be used for storing process calibrations.

Application selection
‣ During initial commissioning or calibration at the transmitter, select the appropriate
application for your field of application and measuring range.

Application: Wastewater
Field of application Range Application Recommended type of
calibration

Inlet < 5 g/l Thin sludge [mg/l, g/l] Single-point (in the
Formazine process)
[FNU, NTU]

> 5 g/l Excess sludge [g/l, %TS] Two-point (outside the

process)

Endress+Hauser 29
Operation Turbimax CUS51D

Field of application Range Application Recommended type of

calibration

Primary sludge 3 to approx. Excess sludge [g/l, %TS] Two-point (outside the
extraction, primary 50 g/l process)
clarification
> approx. Digested sludge[g/l, %TS] Two-point (outside the
50 g/l process)

Aeration basin 0 to 5 g/l Thin sludge [mg/l, g/l] Single-point (in the
process)

2 to 15 g/l Activated sludge [mg/l, g/l] Two-point (outside the

Excess sludge process)
[g/l, %Ts]

Sequencing batch 0 to approx. Sludge, general [mg/l, g/l, %TS] Single-point (in the
reactors 50 g/l For applications with wide dynamic range, process)
from clear water to high solids content

Recirculation pipe 3 to approx. Excess sludge [g/l, %TS] Two-point (outside the
50 g/l process)

Waste activated sludge 3 to approx. Excess sludge [g/l, %TS] Two-point (outside the
extraction 50 g/l process)

> approx. Digested sludge [g/l, %TS] Two-point (outside the

50 g/l process)

Sludge thickener 3 to approx. Excess sludge [g/l, %TS] Two-point (outside the
(primary sludge) 50 g/l process)

> approx. Digested sludge Two-point (outside the

50 g/l [g/l, %TS] process)

Digester inlet 3 to approx. Excess sludge [g/l, %TS] Two-point (outside the
50 g/l process)

> approx. Digested sludge Two-point (outside the

50 g/l [g/l, %TS] process)

Digester outlet (sludge) > 5 g/l Digested sludge [g/l, %TS] Two-point (outside the
process)

3 to Excess sludge Two-point (outside the

maximum [g/l, %TS] process)
50 g/l

WWTP outlet 0 to 5 g/l Formazine [FNU, NTU], Thin sludge [mg/l, Single-point (in the
g/l] process)
Kaolin
[mg/l, g/l]

Sand filter monitoring 0 to 5 g/l Formazine [FNU, NTU], Thin sludge [mg/l, Single-point (in the
g/l] process)

Preferred applications are highlighted in bold.

Application: process water

Field of application Range Application Recommended type of
calibration

Silicon dioxide process 0 to 5 g/l Formazine [FNU, NTU], Single-point (in the
water Thin sludge process)
[mg/l, g/l], Kaolin [mg/l, g/l])

Silicon dioxide process 5 to 100 g/l SiO2 [ppm, g/l] Two-point (outside the
sludges process)

Titanium dioxide 0 to 1 g/l Formazine [FNU, NTU], Single-point (in the

process water Thin sludge process)
(mg/l, g/l), Kaolin [mg/l, g/l])

30 Endress+Hauser
Turbimax CUS51D Operation

Field of application Range Application Recommended type of

calibration

Titanium dioxide 1 to 150 g/l TiO2 [ppm, g/l] Two-point (outside the
process sludges process)

Kaolin process water/ 0 to 5 g/l Kaolin [mg/l, g/l] Single-point (in the
process water sludges process)

Preferred applications are highlighted in bold.

Type of calibration (number of calibration points)

One-point calibration

b
a

signal c

0 2 4 6 8
g/l
A0050659

 29 Single-point calibration
a Factory calibration curve
b New calibration curve
c Calibration point

A single-point calibration causes a change in the slope of the factory calibration curve
programmed into the device.

Two-point calibration

a
b
signal

0 c c

0 2 4 6 8
g/l
A0050661

 30 Two-point calibration
a Factory calibration curve
b New calibration curve
c Calibration points

A two-point calibration causes a change in the slope and zero point of the factory
calibration curve programmed into the device. This type of calibration is recommended as

Endress+Hauser 31
Operation Turbimax CUS51D

the standard method as it produces robust calibration curves and good measurement
results with minimum calibration effort.

1. Select the two calibration points at the limits of the expected measuring range.
2. Do not select any calibration points outside the specified measuring range for the
application.

Three-point calibration

signal

b
0 c c c

0 2 4 6 8
g/l
A0050664

 31 Three-point calibration
a Factory calibration curve
b New calibration curve
c Calibration points

With a three-point calibration, a new calibration curve is plotted through all 3 calibration
points, resulting in a high level of accuracy in the calibrated range.

1. Within the measuring range, select calibration points that are as far apart as
possible.
2. Do not select any calibration points outside the specified measuring range for the
application.

If the calibration points selected are inappropriate, the curve profile will be distorted
to an extent that could result in implausible measured values.

Five-point calibration

c
Δ5
a
Δ4

signal Δ2 Δ3
c c
b Δ1 c
0 c

0 2 4 6 8
g/l
A0050665

 32 Five-point calibration
a Factory calibration curve
b New calibration curve
c Calibration points

32 Endress+Hauser
Turbimax CUS51D Operation

With a four- or five-point calibration, the calibration curve is plotted between the
calibration points. Avoid this type of calibration if possible, as it does not significantly
improve accuracy.

Explanation on the type of calibration

Single-point and two-point calibrations are based on the factory data record stored
internally in the device. In the case of a calibration at 3 points or more, the original factory
calibration curve is always rejected and a completely new calibration curve is calculated.
For multipoint calibrations, the calibration points should always cover the complete
measuring range of the application.
A calibration with zero water (0 g/l) will result in unusable calibrations for the following
applications:
• Activated sludge
• Excess sludge
• Digested sludge
• SiO2
• TiO2

Procedure for one-point calibration

With 1-point calibration, the sensor can remain immersed in the process medium.

1. For the laboratory measurement, take a sample of the medium in the direct vicinity
of the sensor.
2. Give the sample to the laboratory so that the turbidity or solids content can be
determined.
3. Select a data record on the CM44x transmitter.
4. If possible, start the calibration at the same time as the sampling procedure and enter
the laboratory value of the sample as the set point.
5. Enter an approximate value as the set point if no laboratory value is available during
calibration.
 As soon as the laboratory value is available, amend the set point on the
transmitter.

Procedure for multipoint calibration

LCAUTION
Acid or medium
Risk of injury, damage to clothing and the system!
‣ Switch off the cleaning unit before removing the sensor from the medium.
‣ Wear protective goggles and safety gloves.
‣ Clean away splashes on clothes and other objects.

Endress+Hauser 33
Operation Turbimax CUS51D

Sample preparation of the calibration solutions:

In the case of multipoint calibrations, the calibration takes place outside the process. For
this, a sample is taken from the process and prepared accordingly.
1.

A0020482

Take a sample from the process (e.g.10 l (2.6 gal) bucket).

2.

A0035855

Wait until the sludge components have settled.

3.

A0035856

Siphon off the excess water (if possible) in order to increase the concentration of the
sample.
4. Stir the sample to make it more homogeneous.
5.

A0020485

Remove a portion of the sample for laboratory analysis.

6.

A0020486

Transfer a defined amount of the sample (e.g.2 l (0.5 gal)) to the calibration vessel
(bucket).
7. Continue stirring the sample to maintain homogeneity.

34 Endress+Hauser
Turbimax CUS51D Operation

Calibration of the sensor

A0020487

 33 Immersing the sensor

Preparing the sensor for calibration:

1. Clean the optical components (windows) of the sensor with water and a brush or
sponge.
2. Place the sensor into the calibration vessel.
3. The sensor must be placed in the sample at an angle, not vertically. →  33,  35
 This prevents air bubbles from adhering to the windows.

Observe the following:

• Sensor LEDs are directed at the center of the calibration vessel.
• The minimum distance of the sensor to the vessel wall is 10 mm (0.4 in).
• The distance to the vessel floor is as large as possible. The sensor must be immersed in
at least 10 mm (0.4 in) of the medium, however.

‣ Secure the sensor in this position (ideally using a laboratory stand).

1
~10 (0.39)

>10
(0.39)

A0030900

 34 Positioning the sensor. Dimensions: mm (in)

1 Beam direction of LEDs
2 LEDs

Note the following during calibration:

• The calibration points should cover the complete measuring range.
• During calibration, ensure that the medium is well homogenized (use a magnetic
stirrer).
• Determine the laboratory measured values with utmost care (the quality of the
laboratory measurement has a direct influence on the accuracy of the sensor).
• Apply maximum precision when dosing volumes for the sample and the dilution water
(use a graduated cylinder).
• Air bubbles on optical components significantly interfere with the calibration result. For
this reason, remove air bubbles before every calibration action.

Endress+Hauser 35
Operation Turbimax CUS51D

• Make sure the medium is always well mixed (homogeneity).

• Avoid temperature changes during the calibration.
Ensure that the temperatures of the dilution water and the medium are as identical as
possible.
• Do not alter the position of the sensor during calibration.
• It is also possible to edit the calibration set points in the CM44x at a later stage (e.g. if
the reference value of the laboratory measurement is not yet known at the time of
calibration).

Performing a calibration:
Using the example of a two-point calibration in the expected measuring range 2 to 6 g/l.
1. At the CM44x transmitter, select a free data record and the suitable application.
2. Wait at least 1 minute (to stabilize).
3.

A0020489

Start the calibration for measuring point 1 (e.g. 2 l (0.5 gal). Sample with a
concentration of 6 g/l (0.05 lb/gal)).
4. Enter the value of the sample determined in the laboratory as the set point (e.g.
6 g/l (0.05 lb/gal)) or edit the value later.
5.
H2O

A0030902

Perform a 1:3 dilution of the sample. Add water (4 l (1.1 gal)); in the example this
results in 2 g/l (0.02 lb/gal).
6. Avoid air bubbles beneath the sensor.
7. Calibrate measuring point 2. Enter a third of the laboratory value as the set point.

The calibration can also be performed in increasing concentrations (less advisable).

Stability criterion
During calibration, the measured values provided by the sensor are checked to ensure they
are constant. The maximum deviations that may occur in measured values during a
calibration are defined in the stability criterion.
The specifications comprise the following:
• The maximum permitted deviation in temperature measurement
• The maximum permitted deviation in measured value as a %
• The minimum time frame in which these values must be maintained
The calibration resumes as soon as the stability criteria for signal values and temperature
have been reached. If these criteria are not met in the maximum time frame of 5 minutes,
no calibration is performed - a warning is issued.

36 Endress+Hauser
Turbimax CUS51D Operation

The stability criteria are used to monitor the quality of the individual calibration points in
the course of the calibration process. The aim is to achieve the highest possible calibration
quality in the shortest possible time frame while taking external conditions into account.
For calibrations in the field in adverse weather and environmental conditions, the
measured value windows selected can be suitably large and the time frame selected
can be suitably short.

8.1.3 Cyclic cleaning

For cyclic cleaning, compressed air is the most suitable option. The cleaning unit is either
supplied or can be retrofitted, and is attached to the sensor head. The following settings
are recommended for the cleaning unit:

Type of fouling Cleaning interval Cleaning duration

Severe fouling with rapid buildup of deposits 5 minutes 10 seconds

Low degree of fouling 10 minutes 10 seconds

8.1.4 Signal filter

The sensor is fitted with an internal signal filter function in order to adapt the
measurement flexibly to different measuring requirements. Turbidity measurements based
on the principle of scattered light may have a low signal-to-noise ratio. In addition, there
may be disturbances from air bubbles or contamination for example.
However, a high level of damping affects the sensitivity of the measured value required in
applications.

Measured value filter

The following filter settings are available:

Measured value filter Description

Weak Low filtering, high sensitivity, fast response to changes (2 seconds)

Normal (default) Medium filtering, 10-second response time

Strong Strong filtering, low sensitivity, slow response to changes (25 seconds)

Specialist This menu is designed for the Endress+Hauser Service Department.

Endress+Hauser 37
Diagnostics and troubleshooting Turbimax CUS51D

9 Diagnostics and troubleshooting

9.1 General troubleshooting

When troubleshooting, the entire measuring point must be taken into account:
• Transmitter
• Electrical connections and cables
• Assembly
• Sensor
The possible causes of error in the following table refer primarily to the sensor.

Problem Check Remedial action

Blank display, no sensor reaction • Line voltage at transmitter? ‣ Connect mains voltage.
• Sensor connected correctly? ‣ Establish correct connection.
• Buildup on optical windows? ‣ Clean sensor.
Display value too high or too low • Buildup on optical windows? ‣ Clean device.
• Sensor calibrated? ‣ Calibrate device.
Display value fluctuating greatly Is the mounting location correct? ‣ Select a different mounting location.
‣ Adjust measured value filter.

Pay attention to the troubleshooting information in the Operating Instructions for the
transmitter. Check the transmitter if necessary.

38 Endress+Hauser
Turbimax CUS51D Maintenance

10 Maintenance
LCAUTION
Acid or medium
Risk of injury, damage to clothing and the system!
‣ Switch off cleaning before the sensor is removed from the medium.
‣ Wear protective goggles and safety gloves.
‣ Clean away splashes on clothes and other objects.
‣ You must perform maintenance tasks at regular intervals.
We recommend setting the maintenance times in advance in an operations journal or log.
The maintenance cycle primarily depends on the following:
• The system
• The installation conditions
• The medium in which measurement takes place

10.1 Maintenance tasks

NOTICE
Disassembly at sensor head
Sensor can leak!
‣ Turn by the shaft only.
‣ Never turn by the sensor head!

10.1.1 Cleaning the sensor

Sensor fouling can affect the measurement results and even cause a malfunction.

‣ To ensure reliable measurements, clean the sensor at regular intervals. The frequency
and intensity of the cleaning depend on the medium.

Clean the sensor:

• As specified in the maintenance schedule
• Before every calibration
• Before returning it for repairs

Type of fouling Cleaning measure

Lime deposits ‣ Immerse the sensor in 1 to 5% hydrochloric acid (for several minutes).
Dirt particles on the optics ‣ Clean the optics with a cleaning cloth.

After cleaning:
‣ Rinse the sensor thoroughly with water.

Endress+Hauser 39
Repair Turbimax CUS51D

11 Repair

11.1 General notes

‣ Only use spare parts from Endress + Hauser to guarantee the safe and stable
functioning of the device.

Detailed information on the spare parts is available at:

www.endress.com/device-viewer

11.2 Spare parts

For more detailed information on spare parts kits, please refer to the "Spare Part Finding
Tool" on the Internet:
www.products.endress.com/spareparts_consumables

11.3 Return
The product must be returned if repairs or a factory calibration are required, or if the
wrong product was ordered or delivered. As an ISO-certified company and also due to legal
regulations, Endress+Hauser is obliged to follow certain procedures when handling any
returned products that have been in contact with medium.

To ensure the swift, safe and professional return of the device:

‣ Refer to the website www.endress.com/support/return-material for information on the
procedure and conditions for returning devices.

11.4 Disposal
The device contains electronic components. The product must be disposed of as electronic
waste.

‣ Observe the local regulations.

If required by the Directive 2012/19/EU on waste electrical and electronic equipment

(WEEE), the product is marked with the depicted symbol in order to minimize the
disposal of WEEE as unsorted municipal waste. Do not dispose of products bearing this
marking as unsorted municipal waste. Instead, return them to the manufacturer for
disposal under the applicable conditions.

40 Endress+Hauser
Turbimax CUS51D Accessories

12 Accessories
The following are the most important accessories available at the time this documentation
was issued.
Listed accessories are technically compatible with the product in the instructions.
1. Application-specific restrictions of the product combination are possible.
Ensure conformity of the measuring point to the application. This is the responsibility
of the operator of the measuring point.
2. Pay attention to the information in the instructions for all products, particularly the
technical data.
3. For accessories not listed here, please contact your Service or Sales Center.

12.1 Device-specific accessories

12.1.1 Assemblies
FlowFit CUA120
• Flange adapter for mounting turbidity sensors
• Product Configurator on the product page: www.endress.com/cua120
Technical Information TI096C

Flexdip CYA112
• Immersion assembly for water and wastewater
• Modular assembly system for sensors in open basins, channels and tanks
• Material: PVC or stainless steel
• Product Configurator on the product page: www.endress.com/cya112
Technical Information TI00432C

Cleanfit CUA451
• Manual retractable assembly made of stainless steel with ball valve shut-off for turbidity
sensors
• Product Configurator on the product page: www.endress.com/cua451
Technical Information TI00369C

Flowfit CYA251
• Connection: See product structure
• Material: PVC-U
• Product Configurator on the product page: www.endress.com/cya251
Technical Information TI00495C

12.1.2 Cable
Memosens data cable CYK11
• Extension cable for digital sensors with Memosens protocol
• Product Configurator on the product page: www.endress.com/cyk11
Technical Information TI00118C

Endress+Hauser 41
Accessories Turbimax CUS51D

12.1.3 Holder
Flexdip CYH112
• Modular holder system for sensors and assemblies in open basins, channels and tanks
• For Flexdip CYA112 water and wastewater assemblies
• Can be affixed anywhere: on the ground, on the coping stone, on the wall or directly
onto railings.
• Stainless steel version
• Product Configurator on the product page: www.endress.com/cyh112
Technical Information TI00430C

12.1.4 Compressed air cleaning

Compressed air cleaning for CUS51D
• Connection: 6 mm (0.24 in) or 8 mm (0.31 in) (metric) or 6.35 mm (0.25 in)
• Materials: POM/V4A
• Consumption: 50 l/min (13.2 gal/min)
• 6 mm (0.24 in) or 8 mm (0.31 in) order number: 71110782
• 6.35 mm (0.25 in) Order number: 71110783
Compressor
• For compressed air cleaning
• 230 V AC, order number: 71072583
• 115 V AC, order number: 71194623

12.1.5 Cable
Memosens data cable CYK11
• Extension cable for digital sensors with Memosens protocol
• Product Configurator on the product page: www.endress.com/cyk11
Technical Information TI00118C

42 Endress+Hauser
Turbimax CUS51D Technical data

13 Technical data

13.1 Input

Measured variable • Turbidity

• Solids content
• Temperature

Measuring range CUS51D-**C1 Application

Turbidity 0.000 to 4000 FNU Formazine

Display range up to 9999 FNU

Solids content 0 to 5 g/l Kaolin

Filterable matter

Temperature –20 to 80 °C (–4 to 176 °F)

CUS51D-**D1 Application

Turbidity 0.000 to 4000 FNU Formazine

Display range up to 9999 FNU

Solids content 0 to 300 g/l (0 to 2.5 lb/gal) Solids content depending on the
0 to 30 % selected application (see list)

Temperature –20 to 80 °C (–4 to 176 °F)

Measuring range with solids content:

For solids, the achievable ranges depend very much on the media that are actually
present and may differ from the recommended operating ranges. Extremely
inhomogeneous media may cause fluctuations in measured values, thus narrowing
the measuring range.

13.2 Energy supply

Power consumption 24V DC (-15 %/+ 20 %), 1.8 watt

13.3 Performance characteristics

Reference operating 20 °C (68 °F), 1013 hPa (15 psi)

conditions

Endress+Hauser 43
Technical data Turbimax CUS51D

Maximum measured error Turbidity < 2% of measured value or 0.1 FNU (the greater value applies in each case).
Solids < 5% of the measured value or 1% of the upper range value (the greater
value applies in each case); applies to sensors that are calibrated for the
observed measuring range.
The measurement error encompasses all inaccuracies of the measuring chain (sensor
and transmitter). However, it does not include the inaccuracy of the reference
material used for calibration.
For solids, the achievable measurement errors depend very much on the media that
are actually present and may differ from the specified values. Extremely
inhomogeneous media cause the measured value to fluctuate and increase the
measurement error.

Repeatability < 0.2 % of reading

Factory calibration FNU and NTU in accordance with application table

Standard: 3 points

Drift Working on the basis of electronic controls, the sensor is largely free of drifts.

Detection limits Application Measuring range Limit of detection

Formazine 0 to 50 FNU 0.006 FNU

0 to 4000 FNU 0.4 FNU

Kaolin 0 to 5000 mg/l 0.85 mg/l

13.4 Environment

Ambient temperature –20 to 60 °C (–4 to 140 °F)

range

Storage temperature –20 to 70 °C (–4 to 158 °F)

Relative humidity Humidity 0 to 100 %

Operating height 3 000 m (9 842.5 ft) maximum

Fouling Degree of fouling 2 (micro environment)

Ambient conditions • For use in indoor and outdoor areas

• For use in wet environments
For continuous operation underwater →  16

Degree of protection • IP 68 (1.83 m (6 ft) water column over 24 hours)

• IP 66
• Type 6P

44 Endress+Hauser
Turbimax CUS51D Technical data

Electromagnetic Interference emission and interference immunity according to:

compatibility (EMC) • EN 61326-1:2013
• EN 61326-2-3:2013
• NAMUR NE21: 2012

13.5 Process

Process temperature range –5 to 50 °C (23 to 122 °F)

Up to 80 °C (176 °F) for a short period of time (1 h)

Process pressure range 0.5 to 10 bar (7.3 to 145 psi) (abs.)

Compressed air cleaning

Pressure: 1.5 to 2 bar (21.8 to 29 psi)

Minimum flow No minimum flow required.

For solids which have a tendency to form deposits, ensure that sufficient mixing is
performed.

13.6 Mechanical construction

Dimensions → Section "Installation"

Weight Approx. 0.7 kg (1.5 lb)without cable

Materials Sensor Stainless steel 1.4404 (AISI 316 L)

Stainless steel 1.4571 (AISI 316 Ti)
Optical windows Sapphire
O-rings EPDM

Process connections G1 and NPT ¾'

Compressed air cleaning

6 mm (0.24 in) or 8 mm (0.31 in) or 6.35 mm (0.25 in) (¼")

Endress+Hauser 45
Index Turbimax CUS51D

Index
0…9 R
4-beam pulsed light method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Repair . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
90° scattered light method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Return . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
135° backscattered light method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
S
A Safety information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Accessories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 Safety instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 Scope of delivery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Sensor structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
C Signal filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 Spare parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Certificates, approvals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Stability criterion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Cleaning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37, 39 Symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Cyclic cleaning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
T
D Technical data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Diagnostics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Disposal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 U
Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
E
Electrical connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 W
Energy supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43 Wiring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44

F
Function check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

I
Immersion operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Incoming acceptance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Input . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Installation examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Intended use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

M
Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Measuring methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Measuring principle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Measuring system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Mechanical construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Mounting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

N
Nameplate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13

P
Performance characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Pipe installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Post-connection check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Post-installation check . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Product description . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Product design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Product identification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Product safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

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