-- QUERY 1: HOW TO CREATE NEW DATABASE?

CREATE DATABASE EMPLOYEEDATABASENEW2

-- QUERY 2: HOW TO CONNECT TO ABOVE DATABASE?

USE EMPLOYEEDATABASENEW2

-- QUERY 3: HOW TO CREATE TABLE IN ABOVE DATABASE?

-- SELECT ALL BELOW 7 LINES, THEN CLICK @ EXECUTE BUTTON ON TOP MENU.
CREATE TABLE EMPLOYEE_INFO
(
EMPID INT, -- THIS COLUMN STORES DIGITS [0, -9, 99, ETC...]. INT
= INTEGER
EMP_NAME CHAR(30), -- THIS COLUMN STORES UPTO 30 CHARACTERS [ALPHABETS,
DIGITS, SYMBOLS]. FIXED DATA. Ex: USER NAME, GENDER
EMP_COUNTRY VARCHAR(40),-- THIS COLUMN STORES UPTO 40 CHARACTERS [ALPHABETS,
DIGITS, SYMBOLS]. VARYING DATA. Ex: PASSWORD, WORK LOCATION
EMPSAL FLOAT -- THIS COLUMN STORES DECIMALS [0, -9.99, 99.50,
ETC...]
)

-- QUERY 4: HOW TO STORE OR INSERT DATA INTO ABOVE TABLE? INPUT

-- YOU CAN SELECT ONE STATEMENT AT A TIME. OR ALL AT ONCE. THEN EXECUTE.
INSERT INTO EMPLOYEE_INFO VALUES (1001, 'SAI', 'CANADA', 999999);

INSERT INTO EMPLOYEE_INFO VALUES (1002, 'SAM', 'CANADA', 888888);

-- BATCH : A COLLECTION OF SQL STATEMENTS. JUST LIKE A PARAGRAPH IN A WORD

DOCUMENT.
INSERT INTO EMPLOYEE_INFO VALUES (1003, 'JON', 'CANADA', 999999);
INSERT INTO EMPLOYEE_INFO VALUES (1004, 'AMI', 'CANADA', 777777);
INSERT INTO EMPLOYEE_INFO VALUES (1005, 'JOE', 'USA', 999999)
INSERT EMPLOYEE_INFO VALUES (1006, 'AMI', 'USA', 777777)
INSERT INTO EMPLOYEE_INFO VALUES (1007, 'KIR', 'INDIA', 777777);
INSERT INTO EMPLOYEE_INFO VALUES (1008, 'JENY', 'USA', 9999999);
INSERT INTO EMPLOYEE_INFO VALUES (1009, 'JENISHA', 'INDIA', 99999999);
INSERT INTO EMPLOYEE_INFO VALUES (1010, 'JOHN', 'CANADA', 999999);

-- QUERY 5: HOW TO REPORT ALL EMPLOYEES? OUTPUT

SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEE_INFO -- * MEANS TO
REPORT ALL COLUMNS

-- QUERY 6 : HOW TO REPORT LIST OF EMPLOYEES ONLY FROM CANADA ?

-- SYNTAX: SELECT <<COLUMN-LIST>> FROM <<TABLE-NAME>> WHERE <<CONDITIONS>>

-- IN ABOVE STATEMENT, "WHERE" KEYWORD IS USED TO FILTER OR SLICE THE DATA.

-- KEYWORD MEANS A RESERVED (PREDEFINED) WORD IN SQL.

-- EXAMPLE: HOW TO REPORT LIST OF EMPLOYEES ONLY FROM CANADA ?

SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEE_INFO WHERE EMP_COUNTRY = 'CANADA'

-- QUERY 7 : HOW TO REPORT LIST OF EMPLOYEES FROM USA ?

SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEE_INFO WHERE EMP_COUNTRY = 'USA'
-- QUERY 8 : HOW TO REPORT LIST OF EMPLOYEES FROM EITHER CANADA OR USA ?
SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEE_INFO WHERE EMP_COUNTRY = 'CANADA' OR EMP_COUNTRY = 'USA'

-- QUERY 9 : HOW TO REPORT LIST OF EMPLOYEES NEITHER FROM CANADA NOR FROM USA ?
SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEE_INFO WHERE EMP_COUNTRY != 'CANADA' AND EMP_COUNTRY != 'USA'

-- QUERY 10 : HOW TO REPORT LIST OF EMPLOYEES WHOSE SALARY IS BETWEEEN 777777 AND
999999 ?
SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEE_INFO WHERE EMPSAL BETWEEN 777777 AND 999999

-- QUERY 11 : HOW TO REPORT LIST OF EMPLOYEES WHOSE SALARY IS NOT BETWEEEN 777777
AND 999999 ?
SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEE_INFO WHERE EMPSAL NOT BETWEEN 777777 AND 999999

-- QUERY 12 : HOW TO REPORT LIST OF EMPLOYEES WHOSE NAME IS 'JENY' ?

SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEE_INFO WHERE EMP_NAME = 'JENY'

-- QUERY 13 : HOW TO REPORT LIST OF EMPLOYEES WHOSE NAME STARTS WITH LETTER 'J' ?
-- PATTERN MATCHING QUERIES
SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEE_INFO WHERE EMP_NAME LIKE 'J%' -- % MEANS
TO REPRESENT ANY NUMBER OF CHARACTERS.

-- QUERY 14 : HOW TO REPORT LIST OF EMPLOYEES WHOSE NAME ENDS WITH LETTER 'N' ?
SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEE_INFO WHERE EMP_NAME LIKE '%N'

-- QUERY 15 : HOW TO REPORT LIST OF EMPLOYEES WHOSE NAME STARTS WITH LETTER 'J',
ENDS WITH LETTER 'N' ?
SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEE_INFO WHERE EMP_NAME LIKE 'J%N'

-- QUERY 16 : HOW TO REPORT LIST OF EMPLOYEES WHOSE NAME DOES NOT STARTS WITH
LETTER 'J' ?
SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEE_INFO WHERE EMP_NAME NOT LIKE 'J%'

-- QUERY 17 : HOW TO REPORT LIST OF EMPLOYEES WHOSE NAME STARTS WITH LETTER 'J',
ENDS WITH LETTER 'N'. THERE SHOULD BE EXACTLY 1 CHARACTER IN BETWEEN ?
SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEE_INFO WHERE EMP_NAME LIKE 'J_N' -- _
MEANS TO REPRESENT EXACTLY ONE CHARACTER.

-- QUERY 18 : HOW TO REPORT LIST OF EMPLOYEES WHOSE NAME STARTS WITH LETTER 'J',
ENDS WITH LETTER 'N'. THERE SHOULD BE EXACTLY 2 CHARACTERS IN BETWEEN ?
SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEE_INFO WHERE EMP_NAME LIKE 'J__N' -- _
MEANS TO REPRESENT EXACTLY ONE CHARACTER.
-- FROM ABOVE: =, !=, OR, AND, BETWEEN, NOT BETWEEN, LIKE, NOT LIKE ARE CALLED
"OPERATORS".

-- QUERY 19: HOW TO MODIFY THE DATA INSIDE THE TABLE?

UPDATE EMPLOYEE_INFO SET EMPSAL = 0
SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEE_INFO

-- QUERY 20: HOW TO SET SALARY FOR CANADA EMPLOYEES ONLY

UPDATE EMPLOYEE_INFO SET EMPSAL = 200000 WHERE EMP_COUNTRY = 'CANADA'
SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEE_INFO

-- QUERY 21: HOW TO DELETE ONLY CANADA EMPLOYEES FROM THE TABLE ?
DELETE EMPLOYEE_INFO WHERE EMP_COUNTRY = 'CANADA'
SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEE_INFO

-- QUERY 22: HOW TO DELETE ALL EMPLOYEES FROM THE TABLE ?

DELETE EMPLOYEE_INFO
SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEE_INFO

-- QUERY 23: HOW TO DELETE ALL EMPLOYEES FROM THE TABLE ?

TRUNCATE TABLE EMPLOYEE_INFO
SELECT * FROM EMPLOYEE_INFO

/* DELETE ** : USED TO REMOVE ALL ROWS / FEW ROWS FROM THE TABLE.
WE CAN SPECIFY CONDITIONS. MONITORED IN LOG FILE. USED IN OLTP
DBs.
TRUNCATE : USED TO REMOVE ALL ROWS FROM THE TABLE.
WE CANNOT SPECIFY CONDITIONS. NOT MONITORED IN LOG FILE. USED IN DWH DBs.
*/

-- DML : INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE

: THESE COMMANDS DEAL WITH CONTENT (DATA)
-- DDL : CREATE, ALTER, DROP
: THESE COMMANDS DEAL WITH STRUCTURE

-- QUERY 24: HOW TO ADD A NEW COLUMN TO ABOVE EMPLOYEE TABLE?

-- FORMAT: ALTER TABLE <<TABLENAME>> ADD <<COLUMNNAME>> <<DATATYPE>>
ALTER TABLE EMPLOYEE_INFO ADD [EMP STATUS] BIT -- BIT IS A DATA TYPE TO
STORE Os (INACTIVE) & 1s (ACTIVE).

-- QUERY 25: HOW TO MODIFY THE DATA TYPE OF A COLUMN ?

-- FORMAT: ALTER TABLE <<TABLENAME>> ALTER COLUMN <<COLUMNNAME>> <<NEW
DATATYPE>>
ALTER TABLE EMPLOYEE_INFO ALTER COLUMN [EMP STATUS] VARCHAR(2000)
-- MAXIMUM LIMIT : 8000

-- QUERY 26: HOW TO REMOVE A COLUMN FROM THE TABLE ?

-- FORMAT: ALTER TABLE <<TABLENAME>> DROP COLUMN <<COLUMNNAME>>
ALTER TABLE EMPLOYEE_INFO DROP COLUMN [EMP STATUS]
-- QUERY 27: HOW TO REMOVE A TABLE FROM THE DATABASE ?
-- FORMAT: DROP TABLE <<TABLENAME>>
DROP TABLE EMPLOYEE_INFO

-- QUERY 28: HOW TO REMOVE A DATABASE FROM THE SERVER ?

-- FORMAT: DROP DATABASE <<DATABASE>>
USE MASTER -- MASTER IS A SYSTEM PREDEFINED DATABASE. USED TO CONTROL
CONNECTIONS TO SERVER.

DROP DATABASE EMPLOYEEDATABASENEW

-- QUERY 29: HOW TO CREATE A NEW DATABASE IN THE SERVER ?

CREATE DATABASE SQLSCHOOL.COM -- ERROR

CREATE DATABASE [SQLSCHOOL.COM]

USE [SQLSCHOOL.COM]

-- QUERY 30: HOW TO DROP OR REMOVE ABOVE DATABASE?

DROP DATABASE [SQLSCHOOL.COM] -- ERROR. REASON : WE ARE CURRENTLY CONNECTED
TO THE DATABASE !!

USE MASTER
DROP DATABASE [SQLSCHOOL.COM]

DROP DATABASE EMPLOYEEDATABASENEW

/* COMMON QUESTIONS:
-- 1. WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN DELETE & TRUNCATE?
** DELETE : USED TO REMOVE ALL OR FEW RECORDS FROM THE TABLE. WE
CAN SPECIFY CONDITIONS. MONITORED IN ldf FILE. IN OLTP ENVIRONMENTS.
TRUNCATE : USED TO REMOVE ALL RECORDS FROM THE TABLE. WE CANNOT
SPECIFY CONDITIONS. NOT MONITORED IN ldf FILE. IN DWH ENVIRONMENTS.

-- 2. WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN UPDATE & ALTER?

UPDATE : USED TO MODIFY THE DATA.
EXAMPLE : MODIFY SALARY VALUE TO 200000
ALTER : USED TO MODIFY THE STRUCTURE OR DEFITION. EXAMPLE :
ADDING A NEW COLUMN; CHANGING EXISTING COLUMN DATA TYPE.
-- 3. WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN DELETE & DROP?
DELETE : USED TO REMOVE THE DATA.

DROP : USED TO REMOVE THE STRUCTURE OR DEFINITION.

-- 4. WHAT ARE THE BASIC DDL COMMANDS?

CREATE
ALTER
DROP
ADD
TRUNCATE
TRANSFER : NEXT CHAPTERS

-- 5. WHAT ARE THE BASIC DML COMMANDS?

INSERT
UPDATE
DELETE
MERGE : NEXT CHAPTERS

-- 6. OTHER SQL COMMANDS?

SELECT
SELECT INTO : NEXT CONCEPTS
*/