LEARNING

FIELD STUDY 1
EPISODE
PREPAIRING FOR
FS 1 9 TEACHING AND
LEARNING

OBSERVE, ANALYZE, REFLECT

Activity 9.1 Demonstrating an Understanding of Research Based
Knowledge Principles of Teaching and Learning.
Resource Teacher: _________ Teacher’s Signature: ______ School:
Grade/Year Level: _________ Subject Area: ________ Date: ____

OBSERVE
Observe a class with the use of the principles of learning given in
Revisit the Learning Essentials. I will identify evidence of
applications/violations of the principles of learning. I can cite more
than one evidence per principle of learning.

WHAT DID THE RESOURCE

PRICIPLES OF LEARNING TEACHER DO TO APPLY THE
PRICIPLES OF LEARNING
1. Effective learning begins with The learning objective was
the setting of clear and high delivered by a teacher using a
expectations of learning PowerPoint demonstration
outcomes. before introducing the lesson's
subject.
2. Learning is an active process. The teacher engaged students in
the discussion, asking questions,
reading the content, and asking
their ideas or comments.
3. the discovery of personal The teacher employed
 meaning and relevance of ideas. brainstorming activities,
reflection and application of
learned knowledge through
authentic tasks
4. Learning is a cooperative, but The teacher utilized peer-
a collaborative process. related activities, group
Learning is enhanced in an projects, partner activities, and
atmosphere of cooperation and peer assessment.
collaboration.

ANALYZE
What principles of learning were most applied? least applied?
Most applied: Principles that are most applied by the teacher
were Effective learning begins with the setting of clear and high
expectations, of learning outcomes, Learning is an active process,
Learning is the discovery of personal meaning and relevance of ideas,
and Learning is a cooperative and collaborative process. Learning is
an enhanced in an atmosphere of cooperation and collaboration.
Least applied: There was no least applied principles of learning
based on my observation.
Give instances where this/these principles/s could have been
applied?
 There were no least applied principles of learning based on my
observation.

REFLECT
From among the principles of learning, which one do you think is
the most important?
  In my opinion, the most important of all the principles of
learning mentioned in the previous pages is “Learning is an
active process". Because the principle that "learning is an active
process" is vital because it emphasizes student engagement,
leading to deeper understanding, improved retention,
increased motivation, skill development, and a culture of
continuous feedback and reflection, ultimately transforming
education into a more meaningful and effective experience.
Activity 9.2 Identifying Learning Outcomes that are Aligned with
Learning Competencies
Resource Teacher: _________ Teacher’s Signature: ______ School:
Grade/Year Level: _________ Subject Area: ________ Date: ____

OBSERVE
Observe a class, this time focusing on how the learning outcomes
were stated. Deter-mine if the learning outcome/s was/were
achieved or not. Give evidences.
1. Write the learning outcomes stated in the lesson.

LEARNING (SMART Objective) Achieved

OUTCOME YES NO YES NO
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
2. Cite pieces of evidence that these learning outcomes were
achieved.

1.
 2.
3.
4.
5.

ANALYZE
Do SMART objectives make the lesson more focused?
 Yes, SMART objectives make a lesson more focused by
providing clear expectations, allowing for targeted instruction,
aligning assessments with learning goals, and enhancing
student motivation and accountability.

REFLECT
REFLECT ON THE
Lesson learned in determining SMART learning outcomes.
The following are the lessons I’ve learned regarding SMART
learning outcomes:
1. Developing objectives should consider SMART characteristics.
2. SMART objectives make the instruction focused and organized.
3. The objectives should be carefully planned as these will reflect
the outcome of the instruction.
4. SMART objectives should tell the students what is expected of
them.
5. SMART objectives should provide the criteria and competencies
they must possess.
6. SMART objectives should be easy to accomplish.
7. SMART objectives should tell the students the value of why
they need to meet what are expected of them.
ACTIVITY 9.3 Distinguishing Between Inductive and Deductive
Methods of Teaching.
Resource Teacher: _________ Teacher’s Signature: ______ School:
Grade/Year Level: _________ Subject Area: ________ Date: ____

OBSERVE
I will observe one Resource Teacher with the use of this
observation sheet. Using the guide questions, I shall reflect on my
observations and analysis.

TEACHER-CENTERED STUDENT-CENTERED
Did the teacher lecture all the Were students involved in the
time? teaching-learning process?
 No, the teacher didn’t How? Or were they mere
lecture all the time. passive recipients of
instructions?
 The students were
involved in the teaching-
learning process by being
active participants in the
instruction.
Was the emphasis on the Was the emphasis on the
mastery of the les-son or on the students’ application of the
test? Prove. lesson in real life? Give proofs.
 No, the teacher didn't put  The emphasis was on the
an emphasis on course students' application of
mastery or test results the lesson in real life,
because she focuses on which was accomplished
applying the lessons in through the use of
real-life situations. situational and authentic
assessments that allowed
students to utilize their
critical thinking abilities to
 address problems that
might occur in real life.
Was class atmosphere Was class atmosphere
competitive? Why? collaborative? Why?
 The class atmosphere is  Yes, the class atmosphere
not competitive because it encourages collaborative
promotes collaborative learning because it allows
learning instead of for partner activity and
individualistic learning. group work.
Did teacher focus only on one Did teacher connect lesson to
discipline/subject? other disciplines/subjects?
 No, the teacher didn’t  Yes, the teacher integrates
focus on only one lessons from other
discipline disciplines or subjects to
the subject she is
teaching.

What teaching-learning practice shows that teaching approach

was:
a) Constructivist – connected to past experiences of learners;
learners constructed new les-son meanings

b) Inquiry-based— students were encouraged to ask questions,

share their ideas and observation
c) Developmentally appropriate – learning activities fit the
developmental stage of children
d) Reflective - teachers assess their teaching practice and the
outcome is being used to either maintain or improve their
practice.
e) Inclusive – No learner was excluded; teacher taught
everyday
f) Collaborative – students worked together.
 g) Integrative – lesson was multidisciplinary -e.g. In Science,
Math concepts were taught.

ANALYZE
What are the possible consequences of teaching purely subject
matter for mastery as for the test?
 Teaching purely subject matter for mastery as preparation for
tests can lead to surface learning, a lack of critical thinking,
reduced engagement, increased stress and anxiety, neglect of
holistic development, and inflexibility in applying knowledge
beyond the classroom.
If you were to reteach the classes you observed, would you be
teacher-centered or student-centered? Why?
 Teacher-centered education is not encouraged, especially since
that we live in a modern period when students should be
equipped with 21st century skills. If I reteach the class that I
observed, I will foster a student-centered learning atmosphere.
Promoting student-centered instruction will be my key to
assisting my students in developing the abilities they require as
21st Century learners.

REFLECT
Reflect on “Principles of teaching worth applying”
 To effectively teach student, a teacher must be able to
implement a variety of learning methods in the classroom that
enhance both teacher and student success in the learning
process. Constructivism, inquiry-based, developmentally
appropriate, reflective, inclusive, collaborative, and integrative
learning techniques are required in all classrooms. Because the
 primary purpose is to establish a student-centered learning
environment, the teacher may not select only one or a few
principles. And I believe that by applying these seven
principles, we will be able to fulfill our aim of creating a
student-centered learning environment.

LINK Theory to Practice

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

SHOW Your Learning Artifacts

Post proofs of learning that you were able to gain in this Episode.
You may attach the lesson plan (s) used by your Resource Teacher to
show the intended learning outcomes and the method used in class.
 EVALUATE Performance Task
Evaluate Your Work Task Field Study 1, Episode 9-Preparing for
Teaching and Learning.
Learning Outcomes: Identify the teaching-learning practices that
apply or violate the principles of teaching learning – determine the
guiding principles on lesson objectives/learning outcomes applied in
instruction – judge if lesson objectives/intended learning outcomes
are SMART – determine whether or not intended learning outcomes
are achieved at the end of the lesson – observe the teaching
methods used by the Resource Teacher – differentiate the different
methods of teaching.

COMMENTS:
OVER ALL SCORE:
RATING: (BASED ON TRANSMUTATION):