hello ladies and gentlemen another

educational video for you now this one

is going to talk about the difference

between science and engineering now in

class we've actually been doing a little

bit of both with a with an emphasis on

science but this seems like a good time

to talk about what is the difference

between science and engineering another

way to think about it is what's the

difference between a mad scientist or is

what we think is a mad scientist really

a mad engineer as both science and

engineering are careers that you could

pick we want to take this moment to make

the distinction clear to you and to have

you kind of dwell looking over the Rison

well what kind of actions what kind of

jobs in science and engineering might

interest you but first let's talk about

the difference and then talk about some

of the people who do both so first let's

look at science something we've been

talking about all year long a science if

you had to remember in just two words

what science is and what we would expect

you to now understand it is that science

asks questions here we have the famous

Jane Goodall observing behaviors in

chimpanzees and then she would ask

questions as to what was the meaning of

this behavior where is the origin of

this behavior what is the impact of this

behavior on the group she would see

something and then ask a question and

science is a methodology by which we can

find the answers to those questions in

fact this is our friend Albert Einstein

and I love this quote here education is

not the learning of facts but the

training of the mind to think and this

is very much what science is science and

the scientific method is a methodology

by which we ask questions and then get

the answers to that question another way

to look at science is science ask the

question is this even possible if I drop

an

orange will it fall down or up so this

is science and remember these two key

words science is about asking questions

if this is science what then is

engineering

well engineering again in two words

solves problems in a way it's a little

less theoretical and a little bit more

practical in fact one of the big

questions that engineering asks is it

feasible can it be done slightly

different than is it even possible and

some famous engineering examples this

fellow up here is James Watt a very

famous Scot who created the steam engine

and though he did a number of scientific

experiments though he certainly used the

scientific method James Watt in his

building of the steam engine is seen as

an engineering feat down here to the

left we'll see the progression of the

building of the Eiffel Tower and if you

haven't already figured it out well this

is Eiffel the man for whom the tower is

named and he was the engineer who

determined that it was feasible to build

this giant structure out of iron so once

again engineering solves problems now if

we were wondering who this fellow is

down in the bottom right hand corner I

forgive you

you're young this is Scotty engineering

was very often because of James Watt

people who were of Scottish descent even

in the future were supposed to be really

great engineers and this is Scotty the

engineer of the USS Enterprise if you

don't know who or what that was ask your

parents they might be able to tell you

but to answer the question what is

engineering engineering one last time

solves problems so let's take a look at

this science is concerned with

understanding fundamental laws of nature

and the behavior of materials and living

things this is what science is but now

we want to introduce and you can

see how we've been doing this last year

all year this year but now let's take a

look at engineering engineering involves

the application of science and

technology to create useful products and

services for the whole community within

economic environmental and resource

constraints and we've had you do a few

engineering tasks this year when you

designed and built your water bottle

rocket

that's engineering when you now design

and build your bridge that's engineering

but the information we use to for

instance make the glue that holds

together the bits of wood that might

come from science let's get into some

specific example and it might make these

two points just a little bit more clear

now for example materials in science

scientists would discover new compounds

and discover their properties and so

here we see a picture of a bunch of

scientists maybe working on new

materials whereas engineers develop new

uses and applications of these materials

a very interesting example of this would

be nanotubes and this is a hot new

engineering frontier these nanotubes are

a new material that engineers are just

now looking at for applications from

batteries to bridges

apparently these nanotubes can hold a

great deal of charge so the next

generation of cellphone batteries might

be based off of nanotubes and if we

could take these nanotubes and grow them

long enough we can make what's known as

a Bucky cable and these cables would be

very very thin ultra thin lines with

incredible tensile strength if you think

steel or even spiderweb is strong these

nanotubes would theoretically be

stronger however engineers are still

trying to find a way to make their

production and application feasible we

haven't done that yet let's look at

another example let's talk about

electricity since we are just talking

about battery

now what's the role of science in

electricity scientists discover

different ways to generate and use

electricity in fact most people don't

know it you should know from this

picture it should be up to guess that

this is Ben Franklin flying his famous

kite what most people don't know is that

Ben Franklin was a very competent

amateur scientist did work on a number

of fields but most noticeably

electricity and actually wrote papers on

electricity that were then published he

was acting as a scientist because he was

asking questions on how can i generate

this electricity how can I store this

electricity what is electricity whereas

the engineering of electricity would

involve engineers developing principles

into now practical components used to

build things like the power stations we

depend on and enable the users of

electricity to improve the quality of

people's lives and over here we see a

picture of what we can assume is a line

engineer of some sort who is making sure

that the actual conveying of electricity

is going on between the power plant and

your home again scientists ask the

question what is electricity and

engineers ask the questions well how can

I get this to people so they can use it

now one last example but we're going to

let you dig this one out we've been

talking all year long about how some of

the forces and Newton's laws affect

getting to the moon well here's a

question for you what part of going to

the moon of building launching

investigating and returning from the

moon what part of this is science and

what part of this is engineering the

expectation is to you talk to your

classmates about this and then come into

class you can expect that the next rack

we might ask you give us an example of

science in going to the moon and give us

an example of engineering in going to

the moon so let us review very quickly

science asked questions about nature

engineers design solutions to problems

now we started this video talking about

mad scientists and take a look at this

graphic the sad sad truth is is that mad

scientists really are usually just mad

engineers go ahead read this text and

see if you can't see based on these two

ideas why this fellow here is a mad

engineer and not really a mad scientist

this graphic up here to the right is

really there because I didn't know what

else to do with this graphic but it does

give you this idea of the direction in

how science works and the direction and

how engineering works notice that they

are complementary that one ends and the

other one begins it's just a neat neat

piece of symmetry please come in with

any questions and do remember that

question going to the moon what part of

science what part is engineering see you

in class tomorrow