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Index
Keys, Lights and Features
1. Introduction
1.1 Learning chess the easy way
2. Getting started
Dear Fellow Chess Player. 2.1 How to move your pieces
2.2 How the computer moves
2.3 Special moves
ENGLISH
When computers were first invented just four decades
ago few people realized that mankind was witness to 2.4 Capturing “en passant"
the most important single development of our time. 2.5 Illegal moves
Today computers have become freely available and in 2.6 Check. Mate, and Draw
a few years there will be a computer in almost every 2.7 Taking back moves
household. 2.8 Changing sides
2.9 New game
Saitek has asked me to write a few words to welcome 2.10 Game memory
you to the world of chess playing computers. I have
been personally associated with the company since 3. Levels of skill
1983 and can therefore speak about its products from 3.1 Handicap level
experience. 3.2 Casual levels
3.3 Tournament levels
Until recently chess computers were regarded as 3.4 Special levels
simple toys which would never be capable of providing 3.5 Analysis
serious opposition for the enthusiast. The rapid 3.6 Problem chess
advance of technology and programming skills has 3.7 Instantaneous replies
certainly changed that. Today chess computers have 3.8 Interrupting the thought process
become an accepted part of the chess world, serving
not only to introduce new players to the world's finest 4. Advanced features
game but also encouraging them to take part in 4.1 Non Auto
tournaments against human opponents. Chess 4.2 The computer as a referee
computers can teach you all the basics of the game 4.3 Information from the computer
and keep up with you even if you go on to become a 4.4 Advice from the computer
top club player. 4.5 Verifying the board position
4.6 How to change the board position
Saitek. a Swiss-led company, has been at the forefront 4.7 Setting up a special position
of this development and has been responsible for many
of the most interesting innovations. I look forward to a 5. Coaching facilities
long and productive relationship with Saitek and with 5.1 Coach level G: Normal games
you who have chosen their computers. 5.2 Coach level F: Half coach
5.3 Coach level E: Full coach
I wish you enjoyment and satisfaction from your Saitek 5.4 Coach level H: Silent
chess computer — and who knows, maybe we'll meet 5.5 Summary of coach levels
in combat across the chessboard in the future! 5.6 Special study games
6. Technical details
6.1 The ACL key
6.2 Care and maintenance
6.3 Technical specifications
6.4 Troubleshooting guide
1
2
KEYS, LIGHTS AND FEATURES LIGHTS
ENGLISH
3 LEVEL Press to select level of skill. and advisor.
4. STOP Press to turn off the computer 18 COACH A coach level is being selected
The current position is saved in or modified
memory.
19 INFO A suggestion is given.
5 GO Press to switch the computer on
Play is resumed at the point 20 Board lamps The computer uses these lights
where the STOP key was to indicate game moves, take back
pressed. moves, or show you which move it is
considering. They are also used to
6 TAKE BACK Press to take back last move. Up verify the board position and to
to eight moves can be retracted display the level of skill.
3
1. Introduction 2. Getting started
Your Kasparov Team-Mate is a unique chess partne Your Kasparov chess computer contains the latest in
and coach. It is programmed to play chess with you single-chip microcomputer technology and gives you
and to teach you more about this great game. It over 250 hours of play on four "C" type AM2/R14
automatically registers your moves on its built-in alkaline batteries Open the battery compartment and
sensor chessboard, has 17 levels of skill and is insert the batteries as shown in Fig. 1.
specially programmed for fast response. The coaching
features make it ideal for beginners and casual players Set up the chess pieces in the opening position and
who wish to improve their game. press GO. The computer is now ready to play a game
against you. If it fails to react properly — static
In normal games the computer will monitor your moves discharge can sometimes cause it to lock up — use a
and make sure that they do not violate the rules of pin or any other sharp object to activate the ACL
chess. It will help you to learn different openings and switch located at the bottom of the set. This will clear
suggest moves for you when you need help. If you are the memory and reset the computer.
a beginner the computer will warn you when your
pieces are threatened and if you are about to commit a
blunder. It will allow you to take back moves and Quick Start
correct mistakes. In any situation the computer will 1 Press GO io switch on the computer
show you the move it considers best and tell you what 2. Set up pieces — white pieces closest to you.
it thinks of the position. 3. Press NEW GAME
4. Enter moves as described below.
1.1 Learning chess the easy way 5. Press STOP to switch the computer off.
With your Kasparov chess computer you can learn and
practise the easy way. It encourages you to improve
your chess so that you enjoy the game more. Soon you 2.1 How to move your pieces
should be able to beat the computer on the lower To make a move first press down on the piece you
levels and switch to a higher one for more challenging wish to move. You will hear a short beep. Place the
games. Once you begin to hold your own on these piece on its destination square and press down again.
levels you will know that you are a proficient player and You will hear a second beep and the computer will
have nothing to fear from average human opponents. begin to compute its reply.
As your interest in chess develops you will want to take 2.2 How the computer moves
a look at the eight built-in chess games and solve the The computer indicates its own moves by sounding a
study positions with the help of the computer. This beep and turning on two lights on the side of the
novel feature gives you interesting insights into high- chessboard. These lights indicate the horizontal row
class chess and many additional hours of pleasure with and vertical column of the piece the computer wishes
your Kasparov chess computer. to move. Press this piece down on its square. The
computer will now show you where the piece must go.
Move the piece to the square indicated and press
down to complete the move.
The Chess Rules
Your Kasparov chess computer knows all the rules
of the game, including castling, en passant, and
stalemate Sometimes it may appear to be playing
irregularly when in fact it is obeying the chess rules.
In case you are not very familiar with the game we
have included a copy of the Rules of Chess.
Additional information may be found in your local
library, which is sure to have several books on the
subject.
4
2.4 Capturing “en passant”
Many beginners are not familiar with this rule (which
was introduced into chess in the fifteenth century).
Capturing "en passant" is when a pawn is on the fifth
rank. If an enemy pawn crosses a square attacked by
this pawn (because of its ability to move twc squares
on its first move) then the pawn may act as if the
enemy pawn had only moved one square and capture
it en passant. This can only be done on the very next
mnvA
5
2.5 Illegal moves 3. Levels of skill
If you attempt to make a move that is not permitted by
the rules then the computer will refuse to accept it. Your Kasparov chess computer has a total of 17
You will hear a double beep (high-low) and the board different levels of skill. They include levels for casual
lights will stay on. showing you where the piece you play, tournaments, speed chess, analysis and problem
are trying to move came from. You may place it on a solving. Remember that just like a human being the
legal square or on the original square and move computer becomes stronger when it has more time to
another piece. You will also hear the error beep if you think about its moves.
do not execute a computer move correctly, or if you
press an improper panel key. The levels may be changed at the beginning or at any
time during a game.
2.6 Check, Mate, and Draw
When the computer puts your king in check the CHECK
light will go on If a game ends in checkmate the END How to change levels
light will go on as well. The END light alone means that When you press LEVEL the lights around the side
the game is a draw. of the board will display the level currently set. Keep
pressing LEVEL until the level vou want is
2.7 Taking back moves displayed.
To take back a move simply press TAKE BACK when
it is your turn to play. The computer will help you to
retract moves by showing you which pieces were 3.1 Handicap level
moved and where they came from. You can take back Level 0 is a special handicap level in which the computer
up to eight moves (four for each side). plays almost instantaneously, with very little strategy or
tactical insight. Even rank beginners should be able to beat
2.8 Changing sides it on this level.
If at any time during a game you wish to change sides
with the computer you may do so by pressing PLAY Press LEVEL until no lights are on to set handicap level.
instead of making your move. The computer will make
the next move for you and you can go on playing for 3.2 Casual levels
Levels 1 to 8 are for casual play. The board lights to the
the other side. You can change sides as often as you
like. You can even press PLAY after every move and left correspond with each level.
make the computer play the entire game against itself.
Level Average response time per move
1 1 second
2 2seconds
Playing a game with the black pieces
3 3 seconds (switch-on level)
If you want to play a game with the black pieces,
4 5seconds
first set these up at the bottom of the board (the
5 15 seconds
side nearest to you). Now press NEW GAME
6 30seconds
COLOR and PLAY The computer will make the
7 60seconds
first move for White, moving down from the top
8 180 seconds
of the board.
3.3 Tournament levels
2.9 New game The next four levels are for tournament play. The lights A
To start a new game press NEW GAME and set up the — D at the bottom of the board correspond to each level
pieces in the starting position. described below.
2.10 Game memory Level Primary time control Secondary time control
You can interrupt a game at any stage (even when the A 30 moves in 30 min. 30-moves in 30 min.
computer is thinking) simply by pressing STOP Play is B 40 moves in 2 hrs 20 moves in 1 hour
interrupted and all lights are turned off to conserve (International
battery power. The computer will “remember” the tournament standard)
position for up to 24 months and be ready to resume C 40 moves in 27a hrs 16 moves in 1 hour
play when you turn it on again by pressing GO The (Grandmaster
level and all other parameters will remain unchanged. tournament)
D 50 moves in 27a hrs 20 moves in 1 hour (US
Chess Federation
standard)
6
Take level B as an example the computer will finish the
A chess problem
first 40 moves in 2 hours (primary time control) and then by Samuel Lovd (1867)
play the following 20 moves within 1 hour (secondary time
control). All further moves are played at a rate of 20 moves
per hour.
ENGLISH
3.4 Special levels
3.6 Problem chess But even in the middle of a game you may be surprised
The "Problem level" is used to solve mate problems to find the computer very often replying
("White to play and mate in n moves") which you often instantaneously to your moves. There is a very good
find in newspapers and magazines. It is important to reason for this While you are pondering over a move
remember that on this level the computer will only play the computer is not idle — it tries to anticipate your
a move if it sees a forced mate. Watch the lights on possible replies. If you play one of the moves the
the left-hand side of the board while the computer is computer considered, then it does not need to think
thinking. They show you the "depth of search", i.e. how any further. It just plays the move it has already
many moves the computer has checked If light 3 was computed — instantaneously.
on when it played its move then it has found a mate in
three moves. You can play moves for the defending
side to see the entire continuation, even taking back
moves to try alternative defences
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3.8 Interrupting the thought process
Playing through master games
If the computer is spending too long over a move you
One very interesting use of NON AUTO is to study
can interrupt it by pressing PLAY which will cause it to
master games. You can play through the World
stop computing and play the best move it has found so
Championship games, or famous games you find in
far. This feature is especially useful on level G
chess books, or in fact your own games against
(analysis), in which the computer will go on thinking
friends or the computer, in NON AUTO mode
until you interrupt it by pressing PLAY — unless there
Whenever you reach an interesting position and
is only one move it can play or it finds a forced mate
want to analyse it with the computer, press PLAY. It
will compute and execute the next move.
So please remember...
4.2 The computer as a referee
Press PLAY when the computer is thinking to The NON AUTO mode has another important use.
interrupt the thought process. When you play a game with a friend press NON AUTO
and then play the game on the sensor board. The
Press PLAY when it is your turn to play computer will act as a referee and advisor. It will
if you want to change sides (see section 2.8). protest if anyone makes an illegal move, and if either
side needs help he can always press PLAY and get
some advice from the computer.
4. Advanced features
4.3 Information from the computer
What we have seen so far is enough to give you Would you like to know what your electronic chess
countless hours of pleasure with your Kasparov Team- partner is doing while it is computing a move? Well,
Mate chess computer. You can play straight games your Kasparov chess computer will gladly tell you.
against it. correct mistakes and adjust the level of skill giving you a wealth of information on its "thought
to match your own. But there are many other things process". It will show you which move it is presently
the computer can do that make it even more fun to considering and its evaluation of the current position.
use. This chapter deals with each of them individually. This is not just of passing interest — it can help you to
learn more about the game.
4.1. Non Auto
Normally, as soon as you have made a move on the Press INFO while the computer is thinking. It will show
sensor board, the computer immediately begins to you the best move it has found so far. Note that the
compute its reply But there are situations in which you INFO light is turned on.
just want to enter moves. For instance you may want
to try a special opening against the computer, one it If you press INFO a second time (while the computer
doesn’t play of its own accord. Or you may want to is thinking) the lights on the left-hand side of the board
force it to play a certain continuation in order to will show you what it thinks of the current position. The
understand a complicated position. evaluation is on a scale of 1 to 8. This is how to
interpret the display:
In such cases just press NON AUTO This puts the
computer into a special mode in which it will not Light Meaning
compute a reply, but only keep track of the moves you 8 White has a winning position
enter, making sure that they are legal. To return to 7 White has a clearly better position
normal play press NON AUTO a second time. 6 White has an advantage
5 The position is balanced
Note: While you are in NON AUTO mode the NON 4 The position is balanced
AUTO light is on. Pressing NEW GAME always 3 Black has an advantage
cancels the function. 2 Black has a clearly better position
1 Black has a winning position
8
— To remove a piece simply press it down on its
An experiment with INFO current square and remove it from the board.
Press NEW GAME and NON AUTO, and then enter — To add a new piece first select the color (by
the following moves: 1.e2-e4 e7-e5 2.Ng1-f3 d7-d6 pressing COLOR if necessary). Now press the
3.Bf1-c4 h7-h6 4.Nb1-c3 Bc8-g4 Now set the appropriate piece key and press the new piece on
computer to level 8 and press PLAY. Press INFO an empty square.
and watch how the computer keeps changing its
mind until it finds a really good move (5.Nf3xe5!). Make sure that the WHITE or BLACK lights correctly
You should also press INFO again to see how the indicate the side to move next before you return to
evaluation changes. normal play by pressing SET UP again.
Experiment with the position to find out why the Try the following experiment: Press NEW GAME and
white queen may not be captured after 5Nf3xe5. If SET UP. Now press the black queen down on its
you play 5...Bg4xd1 for Black the computer will square and remove it from the board. Press SET UP
FNGI
immediately show you the reason! again to quit set up mode. You can now play a “queen
odds" game against the computer (it will be playing
without its queen). Try adding a second black king to
4.4 Advice from the computer the position The computer will refuse to play the
During a game you may reach a position in which you game, since the position is Illegal.
can’t think of a good move. Just press INFO. The
computer will suggest a move for you, using lights to 4.7 Setting up a special position
indicate that this is only a suggestion. You can accept If you want to set up a special position which contains
its advice or play any other move you like. only a few pieces, then it is better to start from
scratch. Press SET UP and NEW GAME This clears
Use of INFO the board of all pieces. You can now enter the position
as described above.
While the computer is thinking
Press INFO for "best move so far" Example: To set up a position with white king on E1.
Press INFO again for evaluation white rook on A1, black king on D5, and black rook on
Press INFO a third time to cancel display B2, first place the pieces on the board. Now press SET
UP and NEW GAME to clear the board. Press COLOR
When it is your turn to move: (if necessary) to turn the WHITE light on. Press the king
Press INFO to get advice from the computer key and then press the white king down on its square.
Press the rook key and then the white rook on its
square. Now press COLOR to turn the BLACK light on.
4.5 Verifying the board position Press the king key and press the black king on its
It may sometimes happen that you have upset the square. Press the rook key and then the black rook on
pieces on the board or for some other reason are not its square. Press COLOR (WHITE light on = White to
sure that the position is correct. In such cases you can move) and SET UP to return to normal play.
always ask the computer to show you the proper
location of each piece. Note: In the above position the computer will permit
castling. If you press PLAY it will castle and capture
This is very simple Just press one of the piece keys. the black rook on the next move.
The computer will use the board lights to show you
where that piece is located on the board. Press the
same piece key again to find further pieces of the 5. Coaching facilities
same kind (an error beep indicates that there are no
more of the piece selected). You can check other Your Kasparov Team-Mate chess computer has a
pieces by pressing the appropriate piece keys, in any number of unique coaching facilities that encourage
order you like. To change colors press COLOR Watch the beginner to improve his playing skill and his
the WHITE/BLACK lights to make sure which color the understanding of the game. It will warn you when a
piece is. piece is attacked, when you have committed a blunder
and it will take you through some of the most exciting
4.6 How to change the board position games in the history of chess, quizzing you on the key
This, too. is very easy. First press SET UP to put the moves and rating your skill.
computer into set-up mode (the SET UP light is turned
on). You can now remove or add pieces at will
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5.1 Coach level G: Normal games 5.6 Special study games
When you switch the computer on for the first time the Your Kasparov Team-Mate knows eight of the most
coach level “G" is set. Games are conducted in the beautiful and interesting games in the history of chess.
normal fashion. These are described in a special booklet you will find
with the computer There you will find all the details on
5.2 Coach level F: Half coach how to load the games and play through them with the
If you press COACH, then the F light below the board help of the computer, pausing to guess the best moves
flashes and the COACH light is turned on briefly. In this in critical positions. The computer will even evaluate
mode (“half coach") the computer will warn you when your performance based on how many moves you
it thinks you have committed a blunder. It does this in guess correctly.
the following way:
The study games are meant to entertain you, to
Say you make a move that loses a piece. The improve your knowledge of chess, and to give you
computer will not reply to this move in the normal additional hours of enjoyment with your chess
fashion (and gleefully capture the piece). It will sound a computer. It is a unique opportunity of reliving first
double warning beep and flash its next move with hand some of the most exciting moments in the history
board lights. If you agree that your last move was really of the game.
a blunder you can retract it (without pressing TAKE
BACK') and try something else Or you can make the
move the computer is flashing and challenge it to 6. Technical details
prove you went wronq.
6.1 The ACL key
5.3 Coach level E: Full coach Computers sometimes "lock up" because of static
Press COACH a second time and you will enter "full discharge or some other electrical disturbance. If this
coach" mode (the E light flashes). Now the computer happens use a pencil to activate the ACL key on the
will not only draw your attention to blunders, but it will back of the cabinet for a few seconds. This resets the
also warn you when you are in danger of losing a computer and clears its memory. You can also remove
piece. More specifically: When one of your pieces is the batteries for about a minute to reset the computer
attacked by a piece of lesser value, then the computer
will sound the double warning beep and flash the 6.2 Care and maintenance
square of the endangered piece for about ten seconds. Your computer is a precision electronic device. Do not
Of course it does this before you actually make your subject it to rough handling or expose it to extreme
move. temperatures or moisture. Do not use chemical agents
to clean the set as these may damage the plastic.
5.4 Coach level H: Silent Weak batteries should be replaced promptly as they
If you press COACH again then the H light flashes and might leak and cause damage to the computer.
the COACH light is turned off. This is the "silent" mode
in which there are no beeps or warnings. You must 6.3 Technical specifications
watch the indicator lights and press pieces and keys
carefully when playing without sound Processor: 6301
Speed: 8 MHz
Pressing COACH once more gets you back to the LED lamps: 24 green color
normal coach level G. Keys: 17
Power consumption: 0.12 W
5.5 Summary of coach levels Battery requirement: 4 "C” cells (AM2/R14)
Battery life: 250 hours (alkaline batteries)
COACH AC adapter: 9V DC at 300 mA with 2.1mm
Level light Effect ID/5.5mm OD plug
Blunder warning Dimensions: 335 x 252 x 37 mm
F = half coach On
Weight: 1 kg (without batteries)
E = full coach On Blunder and attacked
piece warning
Saitek reserves the right to make technical changes without notice in
H = silent Off No sound, no coach
the interest of progress
G = normal Off Normal sounds, no coach
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6.4 Troubleshooting guide
IGLISH
Are you trying to castle incorrectly7 reconstruct the last move
(check the rules)
Did you move the rook first when
castling7
The computer is still thinking (color Press PLAY to interrupt the thought
light flashing) process
The computer is trying to show you a Press a piece on the square indicated
move (perhaps from the last game)
3 The computer cheats or makes It has made a special move like Make sure you are familiar with the
illegal moves — En passant chess rules (read the"Rules of chess’
— Castling (king or queen side) manual) Use the piece keys to confirm
— Pawn promotion the board position, use TAKE BACK to
reconstruct the last move
Your board position is not correct, Verify the board position (see section
some pieces have been displaced 45)
Batteries are running out Replace batteries
4 The computer will not play a NON AUTO function is on Press NON AUTO to turn it off. then
move press PLAY
You are in help mode F and have Press PLAY to continue or TAKE
made a move that is not in the BACK to try another move (see
openings (see Chapter 5) section 5 5)
You are playing a study position and Press PLAY to continue or TAKE
have made an incorrect move (see BACK to try another move (see
section 5.6) section 5.6)
5 Computer is silent Help mode H is set (see section 5.4). Press COACH to set help mode G
6 Chessboard square or key does Faulty contacts Check as follows Consult Service Centre if error persists
not respond correctly OR lights do Remove batteries, reinstall them, hold
not come on correctly the NEW GAME key down while
switching the computer on You can
now test square and key Press the
ACL key m the back to return to
normal play
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7. Summary of all functions
Getting started
Insert batteries, set up chess pieces and press NEW GAME
Press STOP to switch the computer off. GO to switch it on again
Your moves
Press the piece down on the "from" square and then on the “to" square.
Computer moves
Board lights show row and column of "from" square, then of "to" square
Special moves
Captures: key in move of capturing piece only.
Castling key in king move first, then rook move.
Pawn promotion: move pawn to last rank and press piece key to tell the computer which piece
you choose (or to find out which piece the computer chooses).
Illegal moves
Error beep (high-low). Put piece on a legal square, or on the original square to cancel the move
Game signals
CHECK light = king in check
END light = draw
CHECK + END lights = checkmate
Changing sides
Press PLAY instead of making a move
New game
Press NEW GAME
Game memory
Press STOP to interrupt the game at any stage Play may be resumed later by pressing GO
Position and all parameters are stored for up to 24 months.
Levels of skill
Levels 1 — 8 are casual levels. A — D tournament levels, E = speed chess.
F = 10 second chess. G = infinite level. H = problem level. 0 = handicap level.
To change levels press LEVEL until the board lights display the desired level.
Interrupt
Press PLAY while the computer is thinking.
Non Auto
Press NON AUTO and enter moves for both sides (to enter special openings or force a
continuation) NON AUTO light is on Press NON AUTO again to resume normal play
12
Info
While the computer is thinking:
Press INFO for best move found so far
Press INFO again for evaluation
Press INFO a third time to cancel display
When player to move:
Press INFO to get advice from the computer
Verify position
Press piece keys. Press COLOR to switch colors.
Set up position
Press SET UP and then
Press NEW GAME to clear board.
Remove pieces by just pressing them down.
Add new pieces by selecting color and piece type (with COLOR and piece keys) and
pressing piece on board.
Press COLOR for side to move.
Press SET UP to return to normal play.
Coach
Press COACH to set coach level (watch board lights E — H)
G — normal play
F — blunder warning
E — blunder and attack warning
H — silent
Study games
Consult study book.
ACL key
Use a pencil to activate.
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