Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 4 views

    The Five IPv4 Classes Marian Sugil 093310

    Uploaded by

    Jeff Rey Belotindos

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    The Five IPv4 Classes Marian Sugil 093310

    Uploaded by

    Jeff Rey Belotindos
    4 views4 pages

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    4 views4 pages

    The Five IPv4 Classes Marian Sugil 093310

    Uploaded by

    Jeff Rey Belotindos

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 4

    The Five IPv4 Classes –

    S U G I L Quick Reference
    In the IPv4 IP address space, there are five classes: A, B, C, D and E. Each class
    has a specific range of IP addresses (and ultimately dictates the number of
    devices you can have on your network). Primarily, class A, B, and C are used by
    the majority of devices on the Internet. Class D and class E are for special
    uses.

    The list below shows the five available IP classes, along with the number of
    networks each can support and the maximum number of hosts (devices) that
    can be on each of those networks. The four octets that make up an IP address
    are conventionally represented by a.b.c.d - such as 127.10.20.30.

    Additionally, information is also provided on private addresses and loop


    address (used for network troubleshooting).

    Class A Public & Private IP Address Range


    Class A addresses are for networks with large number of total hosts. Class A
    allows for 126 networks by using the first octet for the network ID. The first bit
    in this octet, is always zero. The remaining seven bits in this octet complete
    the network ID. The 24 bits in the remaining three octets represent the hosts
    ID and allows for approximately 17 million hosts per network. Class A network
    number values begin at 1 and end at 127.

    • Public IP Range: 1.0.0.0 to 127.0.0.0


    o First octet value range from 1 to 127
    • Private IP Range: 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 (See Private IP
    Addresses below for more information)
    • Subnet Mask: 255.0.0.0 (8 bits)
    • Number of Networks: 126
    • Number of Hosts per Network: 16,777,214

    Class B Public & Private IP Address Range


    Class B addresses are for medium to large sized networks. Class B allows for
    16,384 networks by using the first two octets for the network ID. The first two
    bits in the first octet are always 1 0. The remaining six bits, together with the
    second octet, complete the network ID. The 16 bits in the third and fourth
    octet represent host ID and allows for approximately 65,000 hosts per
    network. Class B network number values begin at 128 and end at 191.

    • Public IP Range: 128.0.0.0 to 191.255.0.0


    o First octet value range from 128 to 191
    • Private IP Range: 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255 (See Private IP
    Addresses below for more information)
    • Subnet Mask: 255.255.0.0 (16 bits)
    • Number of Networks: 16,382
    • Number of Hosts per Network: 65,534

    Class C Public & Private IP Address Range


    Class C addresses are used in small local area networks (LANs). Class C allows
    for approximately 2 million networks by using the first three octets for the
    network ID. In a class C IP address, the first three bits of the first octet are
    always 1 1 0. And the remaining 21 bits of first three octets complete the
    network ID. The last octet (8 bits) represent the host ID and allows for 254
    hosts per network. Class C network number values begins at 192 and end at
    223.

    • Public IP Range: 192.0.0.0 to 223.255.255.0


    o First octet value range from 192 to 223
    • Private IP Range: 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255 (See Private IP
    Addresses below for more information)
    • Special IP Range: 127.0.0.1 to 127.255.255.255 (See Special IP
    Addresses below for more information)
    • Subnet Mask: 255.255.255.0 (24 bits)
    • Number of Networks: 2,097,150
    • Number of Hosts per Network: 254

    Class D IP Address Range


    Class D IP addresses are not allocated to hosts and are used for multicasting.
    Multicasting allows a single host to send a single stream of data to thousands
    of hosts across the Internet at the same time. It is often used for audio and
    video streaming, such as IP-based cable TV networks. Another example is the
    delivery of real-time stock market data from one source to many brokerage
    companies.

    • Range: 224.0.0.0 to 239.255.255.255


    oFirst octet value range from 224 to 239
    • Number of Networks: N/A
    • Number of Hosts per Network: Multicasting

    Class E IP Address Class


    Class E IP addresses are not allocated to hosts and are not available for
    general use. These are reserved for research purposes.

    • Range: 240.0.0.0 to 255.255.255.255


    o First octet value range from 240 to 255
    • Number of Networks: N/A
    • Number of Hosts per Network: Research/Reserved/Experimental

    Private IP Addresses
    Within each network class, there are designated IP address that is reserved
    specifically for private/internal use only. This IP address cannot be used on
    Internet-facing devices as that are non-routable. For example, web servers
    and FTP servers must use non-private IP addresses. However, within your
    own home or business network, private IP addresses are assigned to your
    devices (such as workstations, printers, and file servers).

    • Class A Private Range: 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255


    • Class B Private APIPA Range: 169.254.0.0 to 169.254.255.255
    o Automatic Private IP Addressing (APIPA) is a feature
    with Microsoft Windows-based computers to automatically
    assign itself an IP address within this range if a Dynamic Host
    Configuration Protocol (DHCP) server is not available on the
    network. A DHCP server is a network device that is responsible for
    assigning IP addresses to devices on the network.

    At your home, your Internet modem or router likely provides this


    functionality. In your work place, a Microsoft Windows Server, a
    network firewall, or some other specialized network device likely
    provides this functionality for the computer at your work
    environment.
    • Class B Private Range: 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255
    • Class C Private Range: 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255

    Special IP Addresses
    • IP Range: 127.0.0.1 to 127.255.255.255 are network testing addresses (also
    referred to as loop-back addresses). These are virtual IP address, in that
    they cannot be assigned to a device. Specifically, the IP 127.0.0.1 is often
    used to troubleshoot network connectivity issues using
    the ping command. Specifically, it tests a computer's TCP/IP network
    software driver to ensure it is working properly. Learn how to use ping
    127.0.0.1 to test your computer's TCP/IP network stack.

    Summary of IPv4 Classes

    Public IP Range Private IP Range Subnet Mask # of Networks # of Hosts per Network

    1.0.0.0 to 10.0.0.0 to
    Class A 255.0.0.0 126 16,777,214
    127.0.0.0 10.255.255.255

    128.0.0.0 to 172.16.0.0 to
    Class B 255.255.0.0 16,382 65,534
    191.255.0.0 172.31.255.255

    192.0.0.0 to 192.168.0.0 to
    Class C 255.255.255.0 2,097,150 254
    223.255.255.0 192.168.255.255

    You might also like