100 42 Verb + to-infinitive or verb + ing-form? ke an ing-form. Compare: Some verbs take a to-infinitive and some take an ing-for" P ‘Sarah suggested going out. ee NOT -—Sarah-suggest 10 g0-out, Desens seggetue smith Here are some more examples: eens + ING eae sgreed to pay half the The committee recommended paying hay, Tw ” iting here in the cold, i Tcan’t face waiting the cold. Were trating tot mtn We'e practising ranning up ‘The man had chosen not to buy a ticket. ‘The man admitted not buying a ticket, +10 INT + ING-FORM =I | agree, guarantee, undertake admit, confess, deny | ask, demand, beg, appreciate i attempt, seek avoid, save, escape, resist can'taflord can't face can’t wait, long can’t help choose, decide claim, pretend expect | fail, omit, neglect, hesitate happen, turn out, prove delay, postpone, put off dislike, detest, can’t stand enjoy, fancy | finish, quit, give up imagine, consider hope, aim involve | learn, train Justify, excuse | manage keep, keep on, carry on | offer, promise, swear mention |. plan, arrange, prepare miss | | refuse Practise | seem, appear resent, mind tend risk threaten " wiswane tolerate nat Seats ethers to-infnkive oran ing form, estat, continue, intend, like and Andrew ¥ started to unpack (OX started unpacking) his suitcase Some verbs take an object and ato. infinitive. See Uni We persuaded Sharon to come oe with us Some verbs take a preposition + in ig-form. See Unit T've thought of changing my job, e =42 Exercises 42.1. Verb + to-infinitive or ing-form? Putin the verbs. Use a to-infinitive or ing-form Elaine: Are we going to have a holiday this year? Gary: thought we'd decided °ospend_our holidays on a Spanish beach spend somewhere. Paula: Oh, good. I enjoy lying_on the beach. lie Imightmanage ' suntan 1 get Blaine: But Ldishike* in one place all the time,Lrefuse, 2 stay 3__ on the beach all day. 3 sit Martin: I don'tmind + —_ around in the car. 4 tour Ehine: You promised S_________ to Scandinavia with me. We 5 go could take the car. Gary: I’'mnot going to drive. I do too much driving. I.can't face —___ all holiday. 6 drive Martin: I wasn’t planning ?_____ abroad. I can’t afford 7 go — too much money. Laeot om 8 spend 42.2 Verb + to-infinitive or ing-form? Putin the verbs. Use the to-infinitive or ing-form. ‘A: Where’s your new hi-fi? B: Oh, it went wrong, It kept making_a fonny noise. Ttook it back to © make the shop. A: Did you get your money back? B: Well, first they offered ' it, 90 Lasked. 1 repair 2 the manager. In the end she agreed 2 se 3___ss—CCsme-back the money. 3 give : And are you going to get another one? Pea ten aeae about it. I can’t help 4 think 5 _ if really need a hi-fi after all. And I can't afford 5 wonder «avery good one. 6 buy 42.3 Verb + to-infinitive or ing-form? 1 2 3 g-form, Complete the sentences. Use a to-infinit O. Mysister azzntto college, and I vere there too. Will you apply for university? ~ Well, Pim considering — Where would you like to work? In an office? ~ No, I don’t fancy —____ indoors. ‘When are you starting your job? ~ Next month. I'm really looking forward to it.I can’t wait _ I can operate the machine on my own now. It took a few days to learn —_ it properly. How much will you earn? ~ I don’t know. I want —_ now. I shouldn't miss this opportunity of getting another qualification. If don’t take it now, T risk_____ my chance of promotion more than I do 10143 start, like etc. + to-infinitive/ing-form A start, intend etc Look at these examples: People started to leave (OR started leaving) the theatre before the end of the play Do you intend to make (On intend making) a complaint? didn’t bother to do (on bother doing) the washing-up after breakfast. ‘These verbs can take either to-infnitve or an ing-form with no difference in meaning sar, begin, continue; intend, propose; bother. But we do not usually have two ing-forms together: Tt was starting to get dark. NOT -Iewas starting geting darke— B like, love, prefer and hate After like, love, prefer and hate we can use either a to-infinitive or an ing-form with no difference in meaning: Wendy likes to take (OR likes taking) photos. Tlove to watch (8 love watching) the sun rise. We always prefer to travel (ox prefer travelling) by train Thate to stand up (Ox hate standing up) while I'm eating But compare these two different meanings of the verb like: Like takes an infinitive when it means But when like means ‘enjoy’, the that something is a good idea rather than a ing-form is more usual: pleasure: I ike to check my work carefully before 1 Christopher likes skiing. hand it in Aficr would like, would love, would prefer and would hate, we use a to-infinitive but not usually an ing-form: V’d like to meet your brother. Tom would love to have his own fla. We'd prefer to make our own decision. I'd hate to live in a big city. NEWZEALAND Compare would like (= want) and like (= Pd il " (= enjoy): i a ce pi a te ea today. It’s too | like lying on the beach. Lahways spe" re my holidays sunbathing. 102C remember, regret, try etc 43. start like etc. + t0-infinitive/ing-form ‘With some verbs, the choice ofa to-infinitive or an ing-form depends on the meaning. Compare: TO-INFINITIVE remember/forget Tmust remember to post this eter today. t's important, The dothes are stil dirty because forgot to switch on the machine We use remember/forget + to- infinitive for necessary actions. remember to do =to first remember and then do the action regret Tregret to say I don’t have much sympathy with you regret to say = to say we are sorry when expressing something unpleasant or giving bad news try T'm trying to find Josie’s phone number. People tried to put out the fre. try to do = to attempt an action, do your best stop ‘An old man walking along the road stopped to talk to us. stop to do = to stop so that you can do something mean Tmeant to drop the glass. It wasn’t an accident. * mean to do = to intend an action, do it deliberately goon ‘The teacher introduced herself and went on to explain about the course. £0 on to do = to do something different, do the next thing need Sarah needs to get up early tomorow. She's ‘going to London needs to do = has to do (Sarah has to get up early.) can’t remember posting the letter. Perhaps it’s still in my coat pocket. TH never forget flying over the Grand Canyon. Ie was wonderful ‘We use remember/forget + ing-form for memories of the past remember doing = to first do the action and then remember it later regret spending all that money. I've got none left now. regret doing = to feel sorry about something Why don’t you try ringing Enquiries? ‘They might have the number. First they tried stamping on the flames, ‘but that didn’t work try doing = to do something which might solve the problem There’s too much noise. Can you all stop talking please? stop doing = to end an action, finish doing something 'm applying fora visa. It means filling in this orm. mean doing = to make another action necessary ‘The teacher told everyone tobe quiet, but they just went on talking. go on doing = to continue doing The grass needs cutting. Its got very long. needs doing = needs to be done (The grass needs to be cut,) (See Unit 41B,) 10343.1. start, intend etc. (A) 43.2 _like, love, prefer and hate (B) 104 43 Exercises Complete the news report. Put in the to-infinitive or the ing-form of these verbs: drive, go, lock, look, make. (Sometimes more than one answer Is possible.) Taxi stolen ‘A : 28-year-old Steve Paisley has lost his taxi. It was stolen on Friday afternoon. “I just. into the newsagent’s for a moment,’ said Steve. ‘I didn’t bother ' Fa Steve started 2 ____ his own taxi only six months ago. ‘I was just be; 3a profit,’ he said. ‘Tintend *___________ en with my work as I get the taxi back.’ The police are continuing for the stolen ¢ ‘Complete the sentences using the words in brackets. Decide ifthe verb after love, isa to-infinitive or an ing-form. © T’ve always wanted to visit San Francisco. (I'd love) Id love to visit_it some time. 1 Tom enjoys swimming very much, especially in the sea. (He loves) ie sinthe'sed 2. I’m glad I don’t work such long hours as Susan. (I wouldn't like) eighty hours a week. 3 [think I'll go and see this new film. (I'd like) eaasies 4 Can‘t | come? I don’t want to wait around here. (I'd prefer) with you if you don’t mind. 5. Irwould be marvellous to fly in a balloon. (I'd love) —___________________ iin one some day. 6 Queueing is my least favourite activity. (Late) 7 Brian's hobby is walking. (He likes) see in the country. 8 Ordering clothes from a catalogue isn’t a good idea because you can't try them on, (Like) them on in the shop first. remember and forget (C) Puc in the to-infinitive or ing-form of the verbs, Sophie: Did you remember® to pick_up those photos today? Daniel: What photos? Sophie: Oh, no. Ican remember! moming. Daniel: I can’t remember 27_____ Sophie: Well, don't forget > tomorrow. Daniel: OK. itto you only this to pick up some photos. in atthe shop for them43. start, like e1c. + to-infnitiveing-form Sophie: Your memory is getting worse, Yesterday afternoon you went out and forgot 4 the door. 4 lock Danicl: P'msure I didn’t forget °___it, Lean clearly 5 lock remember °___ for my keys. They were in my 6 look pocket. ‘You ought to write notes to yourself to remind you. |: Twould never remember 7 them! 7 read remember, regret, try etc. (C) Write each pair of sentences as one. Use a to-infinitive or ing-form. 2 Polly didn't do her homework. She forgot _ Poly forgot to do her homework, The boys had been playing cards for hours. But they went on with the game. ‘The boys went on playi asa 1 The driver wanted to buy some cigarettes. So he stopped. The driver 2. Laura didn’t think she could move the piano. She didn’t even try. ers a aa 3. Tonce met Mrs Thatcher. I'll always remember it. py 4 What about painting the shelves? They need it. ‘The shelves am 5 Graham was rude to Louise. But he didn’t mean it 6 Kevin missed his chance ofa prize. He regrets that, like, love, regret, try etc. (B,C) Complete the story. Put in the to-infinitive or ing-form of the verb. “Last year finally stopped smoking. 'd been trying © smoke 1 up for ages. Ineeded 2____"_ because it 1 give was costing me a lot of money. And of course if I went on 2 stop 3__ would be putting my health at risk. Well, [wasn’t 3 smoke having much success until one day a fiend sai, ‘Why don't you try “sweets instead of smoking? That might break the 4 eat habit.’ And it worked! I don’t smoke now, which is fine. But there's one problem. Ilike 5___ to the dentist for a check-up 5 go now and again. Last time he said, ‘I regret © you this, 6 tell but your teeth don’t look very healthy.” He went on _____ that three of my teeth needed * 7 say ‘out! This was all because of the sweets. ‘Eating sweets means, 8 pull °_______a ot of damage to your teeth,” he said. I don’t regret 9 do i up smoking of course. I'd hate 1! 10 give addicted to tobacco again. But I'dlove !?______ healthy 11 become lungs and healehy teeth.” 12 have 105