v Topic 1 – Equations in One Variable

Subtopic 1.1 Writing and Interpreting Equations

1. Which equation represents this sentence?

Four times the sum of a number x and a number y is equal to 25.

A. 4xy = 25
B. 4x + y = 25
ü C. 4(x + y) = 25
D. 4 + x + y = 25

2. Match each equation to its verbal description.

a. The product of three and the sum of x and y is equal to six. __C__

b. The product of three times x and y is equal to six. __A__

c. The sum of three times x and y is equal to six. __B__

d. The sum of three and the product of x and y is equal to six. __D__

A. (3x)y = 6
B. 3x + y = 6
C. 3(x + y) = 6
D. 3 + xy = 6

3. Write a sentence for the equation: 2 + 3n = 5n

Sample answer: Two plus three times a number n is equal to five times n.

4. Write an equation to represent this sentence.

The difference of twice x and four times the quantity x plus y is equal to ten.

___ 2x – 4(x + y) = 10

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 5. Write a sentence for the below equation.
7(3 + 5n) = an

Sample answer: Seven times the sum of 3 and the product of 5 and a number n equals the
product of a number a and a number n.

6. Write a sentence for the equation: 2(x + 1) = 10

A. The quantity two x plus one is equal to ten.

ü B. Two times the sum of x and one equals ten.
C. The quantity two times x plus one is the same as ten.
D. The sum of 2x and 1 is 10.

7. Write an equation for the below sentence.

Three added to four times a number n is the same as 19.

ü A. 3 + 4n = 19
B. (3 + 4) n = 19
C. 4 + 3n = 19
D. (3 + 4) n = 19n

8. The coldest temperature recorded in Alaska was around –80°F. This was 10°F warmer than
the coldest temperature recorded in Siberia. Which equation can be used to find the coldest
temperature recorded in Siberia? Find the coldest temperature recorded in Siberia.

ü A. T + 10 = –80; –90°
B. T + 10 = –80; –70°
C. T – 10 = –80; –90°
D. T – 10 = –80; –70°

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 9. Hind has walked 2miles. Her goal is to walk 6 miles. Hind plans to reach her goal by walking
3 miles each hour h for the rest of her walk. Write an equation to find the number of hours it
will take Hind to reach her goal.

Let h be the number of hours

2 + 3ℎ = 6

10. Write a sentence for the formula. Then interpret the equation in the context of the situation.

“The formula d = rt relates the distance traveled d, the rate of travel r, and the time spent
traveling t”

Distance equals rate times time

The expression rt represents the distance traveled by moving at a rate r for a time t.

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 Subtopic 1.2 Solving Equations and with the Variable on Each Side

1. Solve each equation.

3𝑥 + 8 = 29

!"
− 6 = 19
#

−27 = −6 − 3𝑝

$%
− 4 = 13
&

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 2. Solve each equation for x. Assume 𝑎 ≠ 0.

𝑎𝑥 + 3 = 23

−7 = −𝑎𝑥 − 16

'
− 5 = −3
()

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 3. Solve the equation: 21 = 3p – 6.

A. 5
ü B. 9
C. 13
D. 24

!"#$%
4. Solve "
= 10 for x. Assume that a ≠ 0.

ü A. &"
x= $
!&
B. x=− $
'
C. x=$
D. ("
x= $

5. Select all the equations that are equivalent to 2 – 3bx = 7. Assume that a ≠ 0.

ü A. –3bx = 5

ü B. "
x = − &)

C. 3bx = 9

&
D. x = −)

E. "
x = −&b

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 6. A number n is divided by 2, and then the quotient is increased by 8. The result is 33. Write
and solve an equation to find n.

7. Ahmed spent half of his allowance on school supplies. Then he bought a snack for $5.25.
When he arrived home, he had $22.50 left. Write and solve an equation to find the amount of
Ahmed’s allowance (a).

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 8. A car leaves Abu Dhabi traveling at a speed of 50 miles per hour. Two hours later, a second
car leaves Abu Dhabi traveling at a speed of 60 miles per hour. The cars’ distances from Abu
Dhabi at time t hours are shown in the table.

Car A B
Distance (miles) 50t 60(t – 2)

After how much time t will the two cars be the same distance from Abu Dhabi?

A. 5 hours
B. 10 hours
ü C. 12 hours
D. The car will never be the same distance from Abu Dhabi

9. A game designer is creating a computer animation of a rectangle with sides that vary in size.
The length of the rectangle in centimeters after t seconds is given by the expression 16 – 2t,
while the width is given by the expression 1 + t.

After how many seconds is the rectangle a square?

___5 seconds

10. Solve 4(x + 9) = 6x – 4.

A. 3.2
B. 6.5
C. 16
ü D. 20

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 11. Solve −(x − 1) = x + 1, for x.

A. −1
ü B. 0
C. 1
D. No solution

12. Solve 2(5 – n) + 2n = 2(n + 1). (Only final answer is given. Show your work)

n = ___4

13. Identify the term that best describes each equation.

a. 10 – m = m – 10 [ 1. infinitely many solutions 2. one solution 3. no solution]

b. 7x + 5 = 7(x + 5) [ 1. infinitely many solutions 2. one solution 3. no solution]
c. 3(t + 2) = (2 + 3t) + 4 [ 1. infinitely many solutions 2. one solution 3. no solution]

14. Which of the following linear equations has no solution?

A. x + 3 = −x − 3
ü B. x + 3 = x − 3
C. x+3=x+3
D. x + 3 = −x − 6

15. Which of the following linear equations has infinitely many solutions?

A. x + 3 = −x − 3
B. x + 3 = x − 3
ü C. x+3=x+3
D. x + 3 = −x − 6

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 16. Solve the below equations in questions (i- v).
%*& %
i. +
="

5(x − 3) = 2x
5x − 15 = 2x
5x − 2x − 15 = 0
3x − 15 = 0
3x = 15
x=5

ii. 10 − 5x = 3(x − 4) − 2(x + 7)

10 − 5x = 3x − 12 − 2x − 14
10 − 5x = x − 12 − 14
10 − 5x = x − 26
10 = 6x − 26
6x = 36
x=6

,%#!' '%
iii. (
= +

2(4x + 17) = 6(7x)

8x + 34 = 42x
8x + 34 − 42x = 0
−34x + 34 = 0
−34x = −34
x=1

iv. 10(x + 3) + 3(3x + 2) = −x − 4

10x + 30 + 9x + 6 = −x − 4
19x + 36 = −x − 4
19x + x + 36 = −4
20x + 36 = −4
20x = −40
x = −2

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 v. 2(5x − 1) − 12x = 2(x − 1) + 3(x − 2)

10x − 2 − 12x = 2x − 2 + 3x − 6
−2x − 2 = 5x − 8
6 = 7x
(
x='

17. Which values can a and b take so that the equation 3(2x + 5) = (a + 2)x + b is an identity?

a = 2, 4, 6
b = 15, 5, -5

18. A square and a rectangle have the same perimeters. The length of a side of the square is
4x − 1. The length of the rectangle is 2x + 1 and the width is x + 2. Write and solve the
equation to find x.

4(4x − 1) = 2(2x + 1) + 2(x + 2)

16x − 4 = 4x + 2 + 2x + 4
16x − 4 = 6x + 6
16x − 6x = 4 + 6
10x = 10
x=1

19. The measure of a supplement of an angle is 40° more than four times the measure of the
original angle. Find the measure of the angles.
Hint: Supplementary angles are two angles with measures that have a sum of 180°.

Let x be the measure of the original angle

180 − x is the measure of the supplement angle
180 − x = 4x + 40
140 = 5x
x = 28

28° and 152°

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 20. Mr. Zayed found out that 82 of his students are interested in playing football this weekend. If
+
this is & the number of all the G09 students in the school, write and solve an equation to find
the total number of G09 students.

If n is the total number of G09 students, then:

+
&
∙ n = 82
&
n = + ∙ 82
+,(
n= +
n = 123

21. Twice the greater integer of two consecutive odd integers is 13 less than three times the
lesser integer. Write and solve an equation to find the two consecutive odd integers.

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 Subtopic 1.3 Solving Equations Involving Absolute Value

1. Solve |2x − 5| = −5, for x.

A. −5
B. 0
C. 5
ü D. No Solution

2. Solve the equation: 3|y + 6| = 30.

ü A. {–16, 4}
B. {–12, 8}
C. {4, 16}
D. {–4, 4}

3. Solve -2 – |2x + 3| = -7. Select all that apply.

ü A. -4
B. -1
C. 4
D. No solution
ü E. 1

4. Which of the following, if any, is/are the solution(s) for the equation 3|𝑥 − 2| + 8 = 2?

A. Only 𝑥 = −2
B. Only 𝑥 = 6
C. 𝑥 = −2, 𝑥 = 6
ü D. No solution

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 5. Which could be an equation for the graph shown?

ü A. |x – 2| = 5
B. |x – 5| = 2
C. |x + 2| = 5
D. |x + 5| = 2

6. Select the equation(s) that describe the graph shown.

ü A. |2x – 2| = 6
B. |x – 2| = 2
C. |x – 2| = 4
D. 2|x – 2| = 6
ü E. 5|x – 1| = 15

7. At a harbor, the high and low water marks can be found by solving the equation
|M – 2.9| = 1.6.

The high water mark occurs at _ 4.5 feet and the low water mark occurs at _ 1.3 feet.

Topic-1 Page 14 of 23 MAT41

 8. Solve the equation |𝑥 + 2| = 4. Show you checked your solutions. Then graph the solution
set.

|𝑥 + 2| = 4

𝑥 + 2 = 4 or 𝑥 + 2 = −4

𝑥=2 or 𝑥 = −6

Check:

For x = 2:
|𝑥 + 2| = 4 |2 + 2| = 4ü

For x = −6:
|𝑥 + 2| = 4 |−6 + 2| = |−4| = 4ü

Both solutions are accepted.

9. Solve the equation 3|2𝑥 − 3| + 4 = 10. Show you checked your solutions.

3|2𝑥 − 3| = 6

|2𝑥 − 3| = 2

2𝑥 − 3 = 2 𝑜𝑟 2𝑥 − 3 = −2

2𝑥 = 5 𝑜𝑟 2𝑥 = 1

𝑥 = 2.5 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 = 0.5

Check:

For x = 2.5:
3|2(2.5) − 3| + 4 = 10
6+4 = 10 ü

For x = 0.5:
3|2(0.5) − 3| + 4 = 10
6+4 = 10 ü

Both solutions are accepted.

Topic-1 Page 15 of 23 MAT41

 10. Solve 2|x − 8| + 14 = 4x. Show you checked your solutions.

2|x − 8| = 4x − 14

|x − 8| = 2x − 7

x − 8 = 2x − 7 or x − 8 = −(2x − 7)

x − 2x = −7 + 8 or x − 8 = −2x + 7

x = −1 or x=5

Check:

For x = −1:
2|(−1) − 8| + 14 = 4(−1)
32 ≠ −4

For x = 5:
2|(5) − 8| + 14 = 4(5)
2|−3| + 14 = 20

20=20 ü

x = −1 Rejected or x = 5 Acceptable

11. A hardware store sells bags of rock salt that are labeled as weighing 35 pounds. The
equipment used to package the salt produces bags with a weight that is within 0.5 pounds of
the label weight. Write an absolute value equation to determine the maximum and minimum
weights for the bag of rock salt. (Don’t Solve).

Let x = the weight for the bag of rock salt

The difference between the weight for the bag of rock salt and 35 is 0.5. Hence, the absolute
value equation, is: |x − 35| = 0.5.

Topic-1 Page 16 of 23 MAT41

 Subtopic 1.4 Solving Proportions

*+! #
1. Which of the below is the solution to = ?
,- !

A. 9
B. –11
ü C. –1
D. 1

*$, .
2. Which of the below is the solution to = ?
*+, ,-

A. -4
B. -1
C. 1
ü D. 4

/0+1 .0+#
3. Solve = .
,! ,-

,-#' (-#+
!"
= !.
(Multiply each side by 15)

!"((-#+) 1.-#&.
4y + 7 = !.
= !.
(Multiply each side by 10)

40y + 70 = 90y + 30

40y − 90y = 30 − 70

−50𝑦 = −40
,
𝑦 = " = 0.8

PS You could also cross multiply from the first step and carry on.

Topic-1 Page 17 of 23 MAT41

 4. Nour was planning a trip to the United Arab Emirates. Before going, she did some research
and learned that the exchange rate is approximately 4 Dirhams for every $1. How many
Dirhams would she get if she exchanged $5?
, %
!
= " where x is the number of Dirhams she would get for $5
x = 20 DHS

5. The screen of a standard television has a width to height ratio of 4 : 3.

Which proportion(s) can be used to find the height of a television screen with a width of 15
inches? Select all that apply.

ü A. h 3
=
15 4

B. 15 3
=
h 4

C. 3 4
=
15 h

D. 2 /
,!
=&

ü E. ,! /
=&
2

ü F. 4 3
=
15 h

Topic-1 Page 18 of 23 MAT41

 6. Ahmed goes on 32-mile bike ride every Saturday. He rides the distance in 4 hours. At this
rate, how far can he ride in 6 hours?

&+ 2
,
= (
32 × 6 = m × 4
192 = 4m
!1+
,
=m
m = 48

7. Farah is organizing a fundraiser. The proceeds will be split between a charity and the
expenses from the fundraiser. Farah would like the cost of the fundraiser to be 15% of the
proceeds. If the fundraiser will cost $500, how much money do they need to raise at the
fundraiser?

Let x represent the amount needed to be raised by the fundraiser.

!"" $!
= $""
#

500(100) = 15x

50000 = 15x

"....
𝑥= !"
= 3333.33

The amount needed to be raised is about $3333.33.

Topic-1 Page 19 of 23 MAT41

Subtopic 1.5 Using Formulas

+3#!+
1. Solve the equation "
= 4y for z.

ü A. z = 10y – 6

B. z = 10y – 12

!
C. z = !.y + 35

D. z = 20y – 12

4#&5
2. Solve R + 4w = +
, for w.

2R + 8w = l + 3w
2R + 8w − 3w = l
5w = l − 2R
4*+6
w= "

3. The base of a triangle, b, is 5. The area of the triangle is 25. Find the height of the triangle, h.
!
A = + bh
bh = 2A
+7
h= )
+(+")
h= "
h = 10

Topic-1 Page 20 of 23 MAT41

 !
4. The area of a trapezoid is given by the formula A = + h(a + b), where h is the height and a and
b are the measures of the two bases.

What is the height of a trapezoid with an area of 12 square inches if the two bases measure 4
inches and 6 inches?(Only final answer given; show your work)

___2.4 inches

!
5. Solve V =& πr + ℎ for h.

&8
h= 9:!

6. The surface area of a rectangular prism is given by the formula S = 2ℓw + 2ℓh + 2wh.

If the surface area of the prism is 188 square inches, what is the value of h?
(Only final answer given; show your work)

h= 2 inches

Topic-1 Page 21 of 23 MAT41

 7. The volume of a cylinder V is given by the formula V = πr + h, where r is the radius and h is
the height. Find the height of a cylinder with volume 2500π cubic feet and radius 10 feet.

V = πr + h
8
h = 9:!
+"..9
h = 9(!.)!
+"..
h= !..
h = 25

2
8. A car’s fuel economy E (miles per gallon) is given by the formula E = ; , where m is the
number of miles driven, and g is the number of gallons of fuel used.
If Ayesha’s car has an average fuel consumption of 30 miles per gallon and she used 9.5
gallons, how far did she drive?

m = Eg
m = 30(9.5)
m = 285
She drove 285 miles.

9. The chart shows common household conversions.

1 cup = 8 ounces

2 cups = 1 pint

2 pints = 1 quart

4 quarts = 1 gallon

Choose the correct unit so that the value is equivalent to 3 pints.

1. 0.375 [ A. gallons B. ounces C. cups D. quarts ]

2. 1.5 [ A. gallons B. ounces C. cups D. quarts ]
3. 48 [ A. gallons B. ounces C. cups D. quarts ]

Topic-1 Page 22 of 23 MAT41

 10. If 1 foot ≈ 0.305 meter, approximately how many feet are in 8 meters?

A. 2.44

B. 2.62

C. 24.4

ü D. 26.2

11. Fatima spends a total amount on clothes 𝑇 = 75𝑝 + 90𝑠. 𝑇 represents the total amount of
money she spends, 𝑝 represents the number of pants she buys, and 𝑠 represents the
number of sportswear she buys. If Fatima has 400 dirhams to spend on clothing, describe the
constraints on 𝑇 = 75𝑝 + 90𝑠.

The maximum number of pants Fatima can buy is 5, because she can buy 5 pants and no
sportswear without exceeding 400 Dhs.

The maximum number of sportswear Fatima can buy is 4, because she can buy 4 sportswear
and no pants without exceeding 400 Dhs.

The minimum number of each type clothes she can buy is zero, because you can’t buy a
negative number of clothes.

12. Imelda rode her bicycle 39 kilometers. If 1 meter = 1.094 yards, find the distance Imelda
rode her bicycle to the nearest mile. (Hint: 1 mi = 1760 yd)

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