Unit 3: Cities of the world - Test 1

I. Find the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the
following questions.
1. A. vehicle B. housing C. neighbourhood D. high-rise
2. A. carbon B. centre C. cope D. article
3. A. liveable B. interact C. install D. privacy
4. A. area B. gas C. tram D. transport
5. A. dweller B. sensor C. pedal D. problem
6. A. public B. refund C. urban D. underground
7. A. footprint B. city C. biodiversity D. farming
8. A. skyscraper B. garden C. sustainable D. space
9. A. operate B. computer C. community D. recommendation
10. A. smart B. pedestrian C. prescription D. organisation
II. Find the word that differs from the other three in the position of stress in each of the following
questions.
1. A. city B. area C. public D. install
2. A. private B. transport C. sustainable D. vehicle
3. A. biodiversity B. dweller C. sensor D. infrastructure
4. A. problem B. carbon C. footprint D. computer
5. A. building B. controlled C. centre D. urban
6. A. emission B. farming C. underground D. skyscraper
7. A. liveable B. privacy C. pedestrian D. cybercrime
8. A. interact B. article C. neighbourhood D. operate
9. A. pedal B. community C. reader D. greenhouse
10. A. booking B. rooftop C. future D. prescription
III. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
1. The _______ in the city is becoming increasingly severe, with high prices and limited affordable options for
residents.
A. housing problem B. house problem C. rooftop farming D. rooftop farm
2. _______ plays a crucial role in maintaining a healthy ecosystem.
A. Biodiversity B. Infrastructure C. Refund D. Privacy
3. Da Nang is considered one of the most _______ cities in Viet Nam. You can enjoy the beautiful scenery and
delicious cuisine there.
A. living B. liven C. lived D. liveable
4. In future cities, people will interact _______ their surroundings like never before using intelligent
infrastructure and smart devices.
A. through B. with C. from D. to
5. Future cities are _______ sustainable architecture and renewable energy systems.
A. run out of B. put off C. made up of D. taken after
6. _______ buildings provide urban areas with enough accommodation.
A. High-rise B. Rising high C. Height rising D. Rise-high
7. The city is designed with well-planned parking _______ for residents, visitors, and commuters.
A. paces B. faces C. spaces D. laces
8. You can book a restaurant through the mobile _______. How convenient it is!
A. cap B. article C. route D. app
9. Regular medical _______ are essential for detecting potential health issues early and maintaining overall
health.
A. take-ups B. check-ups C. make-ups D. fill-ups
10. As cities become increasingly connected, the risk of _______ becomes a pressing concern for urban
residents and businesses.
A. card reader B. appointment C. cybercrime D. household chore
11. The mining project threatens one of the world's richest areas of __________.
A. collection B. variety C. biodiversity D. numerous
12. Visitors can wander around here without difficulty because most of the antique area is now a
pedestrian____.
A. traffic B. crossing C. site D. zone
13. The holiday cottage has many green touches, including __________ cleaning products.
 A. friendly B. eco-friendly C. ecological D. economical
14. The Saudi government is investing billions in __________ to support the enormous influx of people in
Mecca.
A. streets B. roads C. bridges D. infrastructure
15. We must improve the environment through __________ design and greener buildings.
A. sustainable B. lifelong C harmless D. sustained
16. I'll feel __________ when my exams are over.
A. happily B. more happily C. happy D. more happy
17. Although the dish smelt __________, he refused to eat saying that he was not hungry.
A. bad B. good C. well D. worse
18. The fish tastes __________ I won't eat it.
A. awful B. awfully C. more awfully D. as awful
19. The situation looks __________. We must do something.
A. good B. well C. bad D. badly
20. He seemed to me a bit __________ today.
A. badly B. awfully C. strangely D. strange
21. The museum looks _______ from a distance. We have to visit it.
A. beautiful B. beauty C. beautifully D. beautified
22. The traffic jam _______ worse and worse. It takes me 30 minutes to get to my office.
A. got B. gets C. is getting D. will get
23. I _______ visiting this exhibition. It shows the design of modern buildings and how technologies can be
integrated into our life.
A. am loving B. love C. loved D. was loving
24. Widening the road seems _______ to the city’s traffic network.
A. benefit B. beneficially C. benefits D. beneficial
25. The food in this restaurant _______ really good. A robot makes this dish. I cannot believe it!
A. smells B. sounds C. tastes D. appears
26. Please stop talking. I _______ of a new idea for this building design.
A. think B. am thinking C. thought D. was thinking
27. The tram system in Denmark _______ upgraded at the moment. I hope it will be finished soon.
A. is B. was C. will be D. is being
28. Minh _______ a talented city planner. He can come up with many creative ideas.
A. seems B. is seeming C. will seem D. is seemed
29. We should develop such _______ sources of energy as solar energy and nuclear energy.
A. tradition B. alternative C. revolutionary D. surprising
30. City _______ can enjoy better health care than people living in the countryside, but they are usually busier
and more stressed because of the city's fast pace of life.
A. dwellers B. inhabitants C. infrastructure D. ancestors
31. Someone who is _______ is hopeful about the future or the success of something in particular.
A. powerful B. optimistic C. stagnant D. pessimistic
32. Constant _______ of attack makes everyday life dangerous here.
A. threat B. threaten C. threatening D. threateningly
33. This _______ city is like a paradise for its inhabitants who can enjoy the highest quality of life.
A. environmental friendly B. environmentally friendly
C. environment friend D. friendly environmentally
34. All fossil fuels are ______ resources that cannot be replaced after use.
A. unlimited B. renewable C. available D. non- renewable
35. Some people think that in order to deal with the problem of congestion in cities. ______ vehicles should be
banned in city centres while others consider this to be
an unrealistic solution.
A. delivery B. police C. private D. public
36. The war has badly damaged the country’s ______.
A. building B. skyscraper C. infrastructure D. centre
37. New York City is expected to increase its ______ energy capacity by 50% by 2050.
A. fossil fuel B. nonrenewable C. renewable D. limited
38. Many researchers claim that yoga practice and physical activities can improve people's ______ of life.
A. pace B. infrastructure C. habitat D. quality
39. In smart cities, Al technologies will be installed to help the city ______ more efficiently.
 A. exhibit B. design C. operate D. impress
40. Modern infrastructure will also be more ______. Electric buses and trains will produce less greenhouse gas
emissions.
A. ecological friendly B. eco-friendly
C. environment friendly D. environmental friendly
41. The restaurant is at the top of one of the big downtown ______.
A. space B. skyscrapers C. energy D. fields
42. Most of the ______ population we will see in 2050 will be in cities that don't even exist yet in Africa,
Southeast Asia, China, Central and South America.
A. liveable B. sustainable C. overcrowded D. urban
43. In fact, India is projected to add 404 million city ______ to its population by 2050.
A. dwellers B. governments C. authorities D. researchers
44. London has recently started a new traffic light system that ______ when a lot of cyclists are approaching
and stays green longer to aid traffic flow.
A. urbanize B. pollutes C. detects D. displays
45. The city of the future should have the ______ and transportation which link the needs of citizens of all
generations.
A. sensor B. infrastructure C. robot D. dweller
46. Technology will make public transport faster, more ______, and more eco-friendly.
A. available B. convenient C. empty D. popular
47. The skyscraper ______ people’s attention because of its unusual architecture.
A. attracts B. pays C. gives D. pays
48. Street lights can turn off when the streets are empty, and ______ can inform waste collection teams when
the bins are full.
A. authorities B. infrastructure C. sensors D. facilities
49. Songdo is unique, offering city ______ something they have never had access
to before.
A. infrastructure B. environmentalists C. inhabitants D. researchers
50. The city officials are ______ that the downtown will continue to be a green
population center.
A. powerful B. optimistic C. stagnant D. pessimistic
51. This rapid growth of the population has caused daunting problems for city planners, such as ______ roads.
A. urban B. sustainable C. liveable D. overcrowded
52. Eco-friendly transport systems will reduce greenhouse gas ______.
A. release B. launch C. discharge D. emissions
53. In addition, more ______ zones for walking and cycle paths will be made available for people in all
neighbourhoods.
A. comfort B. safety C. security D. pedestrian
IV. Choose the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following
questions.
1. The city values privacy as a fundamental right, implementing measures to safeguard personal data.
A. publicity B. confidentiality C. space D. endurability
2. The route recommendation system in the city uses artificial intelligence algorithms and real-time traffic data
to reduce travel time.
A. suggestion B. denial C. refusal D. opposition
3. The customer care policies allow residents and businesses to request and receive refunds for services easily.
A. penalties B. credits C. fines D. compensations
4. The city operates efficiently through a network of public services and innovative technologies.
A. releases B. overlooks C. functions D. neglects
5. Future cities will need to implement innovative solutions to cope with the challenges of rapid urbanization
and population growth.
A. deal with B. get rid of C. run for D. do away with
V. Complete the sentences using the correct form of the word in brackets.
1. Doctors are responsible for giving out ____________________, so people can get the right medicines
and treatments for their health problems. (PRESCRIBE)
2. The city uses smart technology and sustainable practices to save energy and manage resources
____________________. (EFFICIENCY)
 3. The city focuses on creating a ____________________ environment, by creating more green spaces and
reliable infrastructure. (LIFE)
4. With a more efficient public transportation system, the city encourages more residents to use
____________________ vehicles. (PRIVACY)
5. The city implements convenient card ____________________ systems across public transportation and
key facilities. (READ)
6. In future cities, ____________________ will be widely used to gather real-time data and improve the
efficiency of various urban systems and services. (SENSE)
7. The city implements a user-friendly ____________________ platform allowing residents and tourists to
reserve various services easily. (BOOK)
8. ____________________ energy sources, such as solar and wind power, are crucial for reducing the use
of fossil fuels. (RENEW)
9. The government plays an important role in ____________________ protection by promoting green
spaces. (ENVIRONMENT)
10. Smart cities create environments where citizens can easily ____________________ with various urban
systems, such as transportation and public services. (INTERACTION)

Task 7. Choose the correct words to complete the sentences.

1. Cities worldwide are adopting eco-friendly / useless ideas such as renewable energy, green
transportation.
2. The city implemented various measures to reduce the number of crime victims / appointments in the
community.
3. The city offers various transportation options, making it easy for residents and visitors to work out / get
around and explore all its attractions.
4. I spent my Saturday morning doing household chores / models like washing the dishes, cleaning the
floors, and folding clothes.
5. The city recently introduced renewable / electric buses as a sustainable and eco- friendly mode of public
transportation.

Task 1. Choose the appropriate verb form to complete the sentences.

1. Smart cities are becoming / become more efficient and connected.
2. Smart cities look / are looking modern with smart infrastructure and digital technologies everywhere.
3. The urban lifestyle is seeming / seems fast-paced and dynamic with endless opportunities for work,
entertainment, and cultural experiences.
4. The urban lifestyle is sounding / sounds busy with traffic and people talking all around.
5. He is thinking / thinks of buying a new apartment in this modern city. I think / am thinking it is a great
idea.
6. My mom is having / has a good time visiting some famous tourist attractions in Ha Noi.
7. I am on the 87th floor of this building. I am feeling / feel nauseous and dizzy right now because I am
scared of heights.
8. Ha Noi became / was becoming “the city for Peace” in 1999. I am living here now.

9. .
VIII. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the mistake in each of the following sentences and correct
it.
1. Ha Noi becomes more modern these days. A lot of technologies have used to operate the city.
A. becomes B. these days C. have used D. operate
2. The urban lifestyle seems more excitingly to young people as they are energetic and can easily access
entertainment and education.
A. seems B. excitingly C. as D. access
3. The new technologies will help cities operate more efficient and save time by predicting changes in the
traffic.
 A. will help B. efficient C. by D. changes
4. Computer-control transport systems like electric buses and trains will produce less greenhouse gas.
A. Computer-control B. like C. will produce D. less
5. The city authority wants to reduce people’s carbon footprint. More cycle paths will be taken available for
people who live in this city.
A. reduce B. carbon footprint C. taken D. live
IX. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct word that best fits
each of the numbered blanks.
Cities are about infrastructure. Senior citizens need to have (1) ______ to information about this
infrastructure to be (2) ______ to spend time in their neighbourhood and reduce their risk of isolation.
Growing numbers of active ageing seniors are “connected” everyday (3) ______ mobile phones to
interact with smart city services. (4) ______ have wearable devices like smart watches (5) ______ help monitor
and manage their health and physical activity.
These personal devices can also be used to better connect older adults to public data about urban
environments. (6) ______, imagine an age-friendly smart city “layer” linked (7) ______ a smart watch, to
highlight facilities such as public toilets, water fountains and shaded rest stops along exercise routes.
Access Map Seattle is an example of an age-friendly, (8) ______, smart city map that shows the
steepness of pedestrian footpaths and raised kerbs. The National Public Toilet Map, (9) ______ by the
Australian Department of Health and Ageing, and Barcelona’s smart app city are (10) ______ other mobile
apps integrating city services and urban plans.
Source: https://theconversation.com/this-is-how-we-create-the-age-friendly-smart-city-152973
1. A. knowledge B. access C. tools D. skills
2. A. motivated B. hindered C. asked D. demanded
3. A. use B. used C. to use D. using
4. A. Many B. Few C. Little D. Much
5. A. who B. why C. that D. where
6. A. Therefore B. Nevertheless C. For example D. In addition
7. A. from B. to C. of D. in
8. A. interact B. interaction C. interactively D. interactive
9. A. create B. to create C. created D. creating
10. A. between B. among C. of D. from
X. Read the following passage and choose the correct answer to each of the questions.
Cyber-security and technology ethics are important topics. Smart cities represent a complex new field
for governments, citizens, designers and security experts to navigate.
The privatisation of civic space and public services is a hidden cost too. The complexity of smart city
systems and their need for ongoing maintenance could lead to long-term reliance on a tech company to deliver
public services.
Many argue that, by improving data collection and monitoring and allowing for real-time responses,
smart systems will lead to better environmental outcomes. For instance, waste bins that alert city managers
when they need collecting, or that prompt recycling through tax credits, and street lamps that track movement
and adjust lighting levels have the potential to reduce energy use.
But this runs contrary to studies that show more information and communication technology actually
leads to higher energy use. At best, smart cities may end up a zero-sum game in terms of sustainability because
their “positive and negative impacts tend to cancel each other out”.
And then there’s the less-talked-about issue of e-waste, which is a huge global challenge. Adding
computers to objects could create what one writer has termed a new “internet of trash” - products designed to
be thrown away as soon as their batteries run down.
As cities become smart they need more and more objects - street lamps, public furniture, signboards - to
integrate sensors, screens, batteries and processors. Objects in our cities are usually built with durable materials,
which means they can be used for decades.
Computer processors and software systems, on the other hand, are short-lived and may need upgrading
every few years. Adding technology to products that didn’t have this in the past effectively shortens their life-
span and makes servicing, warranties and support contracts more complex and unreliable. One outcome could
be a landscape of smart junk - public infrastructure that has stopped working, or that needs ongoing
maintenance and upgrades.
Source: https://theconversation.com/technology-is-making-cities-smart-but-its-also-costing-the- environment-
99296
1. Which of the following will be the best title for the passage?
A. Downsides of Smart cities B. Technology in Smart cities
C. Energy use in Smart cities D. Benefits of Smart Cities
2. The word “they” in paragraph 2 refers to ______.
A. city managers B. smart systems C. environmental outcomes D. waste bins
3. The word “warranties” in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to ______.
A. breaks B. guarantees C. fares D. data
4. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
A. The authority can easily manage the complex smart city systems on their own.
B. There is no debate about the effect of smart cities.
C. People agree that smart cities use less energy than traditional cities.
D. Some studies argue that smart cities may not bring benefits in terms of sustainability.
5. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A. E-waste is a problem in smart cities.
B. Computer processors need frequent upgrades.
C. Software systems are durable so they can be used for a long time.
D. E-waste is not an issue that is talked much about.

XI. Read the passage and decide whether the following statements are true (T), false (F) or not given
(NG).
A key feature of smart cities is that they create efficiency. Well-designed technology tools can benefit
government agencies, the environment and residents. Smart cities can improve the efficiency of city services by
eliminating redundancies, finding ways to save money and streamlining workers’ responsibilities. The results
can provide higher-quality services at lower cost.
For instance, in 2014, the Transport for London transit agency deployed a system that lets residents and
London’s 19 million visitors pay for bus and subway fares more quickly and safely than in the past. When
riders touch or tap their phone or other mobile device on a reader when entering and exiting the bus and subway
system, a wireless transaction deducts the appropriate amount from a user’s bank account.
The city benefits by reducing the cost of administering its fare payment system, including avoiding
issuing and distributing special smartcards for use at fareboxes. Transit users benefit from the efficiency
through convenience, quick service and capped fares that calculate the best value for their contactless travel in a
day or across a seven-day period.
Another way to save money involves real-time monitoring of energy use, which can also identify
opportunities for environmental improvement.
The city of Chicago has begun implementing an “Array of Things” initiative by installing boxes on
municipal light poles with sensors and cameras that can capture air quality, sound levels, temperature, water
levels on streets and gutters, and traffic.
The data collected are expected to serve as a sort of “fitness tracker for the city,” by identifying ways to
save energy, to address urban flooding and improve living conditions.
Source: https://theconversation.com/how-to-ensure-smart-cities-benefit-everyone-65447

_________ 1. Smart cities can provide services at higher quality and cost.
_________ 2. People who use the bus and subway system in London can tap their credit cards on a reader to
pay for the fares.
_________ 3. The new fare payment helps reduce the cost of issuing cards for bus and subway users.
_________ 4. The data collected on the box on municipal light boxes will be used to solve flooding problems in
the city.
_________ 5. The sensors and cameras in the “Array of Things” project will be widely spread.
XII. Reorder the given words and phrases to form meaningful sentences.
1. technologies / dwellers / have / convenient. / Smart / made / of / city / more / lives / the (11 words)
_____________________________________________________________________________________
2. people / large / More / from / the / cities. / centre / moving / urban / of / away / are (12 words)
_____________________________________________________________________________________
3. cities / people’s / on / to / Smart / are / improve / built / lives. / technologies (10 words)
_____________________________________________________________________________________
4. app / make / allows / The / a / space / payment. / and / parking / a / mobile / you / book / to (14 words)
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
5. worried / because / become / information / protected. / people / personal / their / not / be / might (11 words)
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________

XIII. Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the given
sentences.
1. Sensors and cameras collect information about people and their activities.
A. Sensors and cameras delete information about people and their activities.
B. Information about people and their activities are collected by sensors and cameras.
C. Information about people and their activities collected by sensors and cameras.
D. Sensors and cameras ignore information about people and their activities.
2. Without training, people will not know how to use the technologies in the smart city.
A. People will easily learn how to use the technologies in the smart city without training.
B. People may struggle to use the technologies in the smart city if they receive training.
C. People will know how to use the technologies in the smart city even without training.
D. People will lack the knowledge to use the technologies in the smart city without training.
3. The project aims to improve the city’s old infrastructure by creating more pedestrian zones and cycle paths.
A. The project intends to deteriorate the city’s existing infrastructure by reducing pedestrian zones and
cycle paths.
B. The project aims to prioritise the city’s old infrastructure by disregarding the need for pedestrian
zones and cycle paths.
C. The purpose of the project is to enhance the city’s outdated infrastructure by constructing additional
areas for pedestrians and cyclists.
D. The purpose of the project is to prioritise the city’s old infrastructure by neglecting the creation of
pedestrian zones and cycle paths.
4. According to some experts, the negative impacts on the environment of smart cities are fewer than normal
cities.
A. According to some experts, smart cities have more negative impacts on the environment than regular
cities.
B. According to some experts, smart cities have fewer negative environmental influences than regular
cities.
C. According to some experts, the smart city has no negative impacts on the environment unlike normal
cities.
D. According to some experts, the smart city has equal negative impacts on the environment as normal
cities.
5. The apartment in the urban centre was expensive, so my parents could not afford it.
A. The apartment in the urban centre was affordable, so my parents decided to buy it.
B. The apartment in the urban centre was cheap, and my parents bought it.
C. The apartment in the urban centre was too expensive for my parents to buy.
D. The apartment in the urban centre was reasonably priced, so my parents considered buying it.
The End