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Summary of Common Map Concepts

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18 views6 pages

Summary of Common Map Concepts

Uploaded by

sec22it136
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Summary of Common Map Concepts

1. Understanding entrySet() and Map.Entry

 entrySet(): This method returns a set of all the key-value pairs (entries) in a
map. Each entry is represented as an instance of Map.Entry.
 Map.Entry: This is an interface that provides methods to access the key
(getKey()) and value (getValue()) of an entry.

Example: Using entrySet() and Map.Entry

Here's a simple example of how you can use entrySet() to loop over a HashMap and
access both the key and the value using Map.Entry.

java
Copy code
import java.util.*;

public class EntrySetExample {


public static void main(String[] args) {
// Create a HashMap to store names and ages
Map<String, Integer> ageMap = new HashMap<>();
ageMap.put("Alice", 25);
ageMap.put("Bob", 30);
ageMap.put("Charlie", 35);

// Use entrySet() to loop through the map


for (Map.Entry<String, Integer> entry : ageMap.entrySet()) {
String name = entry.getKey(); // Get the key (name)
Integer age = entry.getValue(); // Get the value (age)

System.out.println(name + " is " + age + " years old.");


}
}
}

Explanation:

 ageMap.entrySet() gives you all the key-value pairs (entries) in the map.
 Map.Entry<String, Integer> allows you to access each entry's key and
value.
 entry.getKey() gets the key (the name), and entry.getValue() gets the
value (the age).

2. Using getOrDefault()

 getOrDefault(): This method is used to get the value for a key in the map. If
the key does not exist, it returns a default value that you specify.

Example: Using getOrDefault()

Here's a simple example where we try to get values from a map using
getOrDefault().

java
Copy code
import java.util.*;

public class GetOrDefaultExample {


public static void main(String[] args) {
// Create a HashMap to store product prices
Map<String, Integer> productPrices = new HashMap<>();
productPrices.put("Laptop", 1000);
productPrices.put("Smartphone", 700);
productPrices.put("Tablet", 300);
// Use getOrDefault() to get a price or a default value
int laptopPrice = productPrices.getOrDefault("Laptop", 0); //
Existing key
int cameraPrice = productPrices.getOrDefault("Camera", 0); //
Non-existing key

System.out.println("Laptop price: $" + laptopPrice); //


Outputs: 1000
System.out.println("Camera price: $" + cameraPrice); //
Outputs: 0 (default value)
}
}

Explanation:

 productPrices.getOrDefault("Laptop", 0) returns the price of the laptop


because it exists in the map.
 productPrices.getOrDefault("Camera", 0) returns 0 because "Camera" is
not in the map, and the default value 0 is returned.

3. Simple Loop Using Map.Entry

Here’s a simplified version of looping through a HashMap using Map.Entry:

java
Copy code
import java.util.*;

public class SimpleLoopExample {


public static void main(String[] args) {
// Create a HashMap to store city populations
Map<String, Integer> cityPopulations = new HashMap<>();
cityPopulations.put("New York", 8000000);
cityPopulations.put("Los Angeles", 4000000);
cityPopulations.put("Chicago", 2700000);

// Loop through the map using Map.Entry


for (Map.Entry<String, Integer> entry :
cityPopulations.entrySet()) {
String city = entry.getKey(); // Get the city name
(key)
Integer population = entry.getValue(); // Get the population
(value)

System.out.println(city + " has a population of " +


population);
}
}
}

Explanation:

 cityPopulations.entrySet() returns a set of all entries (key-value pairs) in


the map.
 The for loop with Map.Entry<String, Integer> allows you to access both
the key (city) and the value (population) for each entry.

1. Iterating Over Map.Entry in a Map

This example demonstrates how to iterate over entries in a Map and access both the key and the
value.

java
Copy code
import java.util.*;

public class MapEntryExample {


public static void main(String[] args) {
// Create a map with some entries
Map<String, Integer> ageMap = new HashMap<>();
ageMap.put("Alice", 30);
ageMap.put("Bob", 25);
ageMap.put("Charlie", 35);

// Iterate over map entries


for (Map.Entry<String, Integer> entry : ageMap.entrySet()) {
String key = entry.getKey(); // Get the key
Integer value = entry.getValue(); // Get the value
System.out.println(key + ": " + value);
}
}
}

Explanation:

 Map<String, Integer> ageMap = new HashMap<>(); creates a map where the keys
are String and values are Integer.
 for (Map.Entry<String, Integer> entry : ageMap.entrySet()) iterates through
each entry in the map.
 entry.getKey() and entry.getValue() retrieve the key and value of the current entry.

2. Using Map.Entry with TreeMap

A TreeMap provides entries sorted by the natural ordering of its keys.

java
Copy code
import java.util.*;

public class TreeMapEntryExample {


public static void main(String[] args) {
// Create a TreeMap with some entries
Map<String, Integer> scoreMap = new TreeMap<>();
scoreMap.put("Alice", 85);
scoreMap.put("Bob", 90);
scoreMap.put("Charlie", 75);

// Iterate over map entries


for (Map.Entry<String, Integer> entry : scoreMap.entrySet()) {
String key = entry.getKey(); // Get the key
Integer value = entry.getValue(); // Get the value
System.out.println(key + ": " + value);
}
}
}

Explanation:

 Map<String, Integer> scoreMap = new TreeMap<>(); creates a sorted


map.
 The for loop works similarly to iterate over sorted entries.

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